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06/03/2013
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Local Ontario Recycled Tire Building Products: Meeting Sustainability Objectives for Heavy-Use Facilities
www.GreenMyTires.ca Confidential - Internal Use Only © 2012 Ontario Tire Stewardship
Presented to: Cagbc Greater Toronto Chapter
March 5, 2013
RECYCLED PRODUCTS IN THE BUILDING INDUSTRY
www.GreenMyTires.ca Confidential - Internal Use Only © 2012 Ontario Tire StewardshipPage 2
3.5 million tonnes (23%) was diverted
Statistics Canada (2008) estimates that 35 million tonnes of waste is generated every year, and that more than three quarters (78%) of this ends up in landfills.
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Types of Recycled Content
Post-Consumer Recycled Content: derived from materials that can no longer be used for their original purpose (i.e. tires,
“Recycled content” refers to the portion of materials used in products that have been diverted from the solid waste stream.
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glass bottles, paper, etc.)
Pre-Consumer Recycled Content: consists of raw materials diverted from the waste stream during the manufacturing process (i.e. sawdust, metal scraps, etc.)
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Green building rating and certification programs such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) reward designs that incorporate recycled content. LEED credits for recycled content aim to:
Recycled Content an Important Part of Building Green
“Increase the demand for building products that incorporate recycled content materials, thereby reducing impacts
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resulting from the extraction and processing of virgin materials. As the number of building products that contain recycled content grows, the marketplace for recycled materials will be better developed/established.”
Source: USGBC
TIRE RECYCLING IN ONTARIO
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Tires in Ontario
12 million tires are sold annually in Ontario
Recycling all waste tires annually would reduce emissions by over 439,500 tonnes (from 108,000 cars/yr.)
Improperly stored scrap tires can
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Improperly stored scrap tires can pose fire hazards, potentially leading to the release toxic smoke or groundwater contamination
Tire stockpiles can be a breeding ground for mosquitoes
Photo: Shuki
Ontario Tire Stewardship (OTS) was established in 2009 and is incorporated under Ontario's Waste Diversion Act.
OTS operates the Used Tires Program, a province-wide tire recycling program that
About Ontario Tire Stewardship
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diverts tires away from burning and landfilling to 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) uses. While the primary mandate is to ensure Ontario's scrap tires are responsibly managed, OTS also helps drive innovation and fosters the right economic conditions to expand markets for Ontario tire-derived products.
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What Happens to Used Tires in Ontario? (VIDEO)
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Building the Market for Recycled Tire Products
OTS recognizes that collecting and recycling scrap tires will only work if there is a sustainable market for recycled tire products (commonly referred to as tire-derived products or TDPs). Supporting market development and building awareness of recycled tire products is not only diverting waste but also creating new jobs and investment in Ontario.
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The building sector is an important stakeholder in the TDP marketplace because of the variety of potential uses for recycled tires, including:
Aggregate & Fill
Building & Landscaping Materials
Furniture & Decor
Recycled Tire Products in the Building Sector (VIDEO)
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TIRE-DERIVED BUILDING PRODUCTS
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Properties of Tire-Derived Products
Tires are designed to be extremely durable, using raw materials that allow for products that are strong, flexible, and resistant to damage and deterioration.
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Properties of Tire-Derived Products
Long Life Span – products are typically rated to 25-50 years
Shock Absorption – supports comfort, safety, and building durability
Acoustic Performance – can help reduce noise and vibration
Flexibility – easier to cut and fit, flexible under changing conditions
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Re-Use – high durability and flexibility mean many products can be taken up for maintenance and reapplied
Low Maintenance – Resistant to mold and pests, often requires no finish
Non-Toxic – safe for general uses when applied properly
Many Tire-Derived Products are Made in Ontario:
Rubber mulch Car mats
Carpet underlay Athletic flooring
Soaker hoses Paving stones
Roof shingles Speed bumps
Parking curbs Sidewalks
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Parking curbs Sidewalks
Underlayments Mouse pads
Traffic cone bases Commercial flooring
Car engine components Playground surfaces
Raw crumb rubber Aggregate alternatives
Green roof systems
Long-Life Roofing
Long-Life Roofing
High Performance
Sports Surfaces
High Performance
Sports Surfaces
Low-Maintenance Landscaping
Low-Maintenance Landscaping
TDPs Serve Many Building & Landscaping Applications:
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Safe Playground Surfaces
Safe Playground Surfaces
Green Parking Lots
Green Parking Lots
Indoor AcousticsIndoor
Acoustics
Shock Absorbing Flooring
Shock Absorbing Flooring
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Evolution of Tire-Derived Products
Today’s recycled tire products can mimic traditional products …
Cedar shakes
Tire-Derived Product Alternative
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Interlock brick
Landscaping mulch
Evolution of Tire-Derived Products
Today’s recycled tire products can mimic traditional products … or make a statement through a wide array of colour combinations.
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SUSTAINABILITY BENEFITS IN-DEPTH
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Sustainability Benefits: Ontario Tire-Derived Products
1. Environment Recycled content & recyclability Local to large Great Lakes Region Compatible with various environ-
mental programs– LEED– Low Impact Development
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Durability Ease of installation Low-maintenance
2. Life Cycle Value
3. Safety Non-toxic High shock absorption Fire resistant
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Montreal
BostonMilwaukee Torontox
Tire-Derived Products and LEED
Regional | Recycled | Low-Emitting
As calculatedfor LEED
Other
ACCOUSTIC FLOOR-ING UNDERLAY
CarpetUnderlay
up to 45.2% CRI
Harwood/Tile Underlay
92%
ATHLETIC FLOORING
Commercial Gym up to 92%
ROOFING
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Chicago New York
Washington
DetroitCleveland
Cincinnati
Ontario recycled tire products are extracted and manufactured within 500 miles (800 km) of some of North America’s largest cities
ROOFING
Composite Shakes 58% 50 yr.lifespan
OUTDOOR SURFACES
Landscaping Mulch 97% LID Compatible
Playground Surfaces 68-76%
Curbs, Ramps, Tiles 82-94% SRI 0-56
Pavement Risers 99% 100% Recyclable
Tire-Derived Product Contributions to LEED-NC
Credit Name Rating Relevance to Product
MRc 4.1 and 4.2 (2 credits)
Recycled Content, 10-20% Recycled content
MRc 5.1 and 5.2 (2 credits)
Regional Content, 20-30% Regional-sourced and manufactured* content
SSc 6 1 and 6 2 Stormwater Management Pervious surfaces
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SSc 6.1 and 6.2(2 credits)
Stormwater Management Pervious surfaces
SSc 7.1 and 7.2(2 credits)
Reduced Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof and Roof
Pervious paving,(SRI) of at least 29, and compatible with green roofs
EQc 4.3 1 Low-Emitting Materials: Flooring Systems
Carpet and Rug Institute certified products
Contributions to LEED: Healthcare & Schools
Credit Name Rating Relevance to Product
MRc3 Sustainably Sourced Materials and Products
Recycled, reused, or rapidly renewable content
IEQc2 Acoustic Environment Reduced sound disturbance
IEQc4 Low-Emitting Materials Reduced off-gassing
LEED 2009 for Healthcare: New Construction & Major Renovations (USGBC)
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LEED for Schools 2009 (USGBC)
Credit Name Rating Relevance to Product
MRc4 Recycled Content, 10-20% Recycled content
MRc5 Regional Materials, 20-30% Regional-sourced and manufactured* content
IEQc4 Low-Emitting Materials Reduced off-gassing
IEQp3 Minimum Acoustical Performance
Reduced sound disturbance
Contributions to Low Impact Development Strategies
Low Impact Development is an emerging area of focus for site sustainability, which targets improved environmental management of site water and stormwater. Many tire-derived products are well-suited to low impact development design strategies.
Pavers
• Pervious paving systems allow water
Mulch
• Allows water infiltration
Roofing
• Will not contaminate
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yinfiltration • Will not float away
in storm events like wood mulch
stormwater cisterns with particulate discharge, like asphalt shingles or wood
Rubber products are well-suited to wet environments as they do not rot and resist mold and mildew
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Contributions to Low Impact Development Strategies
Low Impact Development strategies that tire-derived products can support include:
1. Site Permeability
Pervious paving systems allow management of stormwater and enable natural filtration processes to take effect.
Recycled tire products can be components of bioretention systems and infiltration/filtration facilities beneath sports fields, picnic areas, playgrounds, parking lots and trails and walkways.
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Recycled tire roofing shakes can support rainwater harvesting systems by delivering higher quality water run-off (i.e. due to the absence of asphalt, tar, gravel and chemical contaminants that can be generated by conventional roofing systems).
2. Rainwater Recovery
3. Low Impact Landscaping
Recycled tire landscaping products offer durable, low-maintenance applications that can be incorporated into LID landscaping and green roof features.
Life Cycle Benefits of Tire-Derived Products
Tire-derived products are typically cost competitive with traditional materials, and also offer significant long-term benefits:
Require minimal maintenance; usually no weather treatment
Rubber mulch lasts up to 10 years vs. 1 year for wood mulch and costs 65 percent less than wood mulch over a five-year performance period
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y p p
Rubber shingles can last up to 50 years and cost 1/3 less than comparable cedar shakes
Life Cycle Benefits of Tire-Derived Products
Because TDP products are durable and flexible they are also:
Easy to install under a variety of conditions and less likely to break
Less vulnerable to changing
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conditions (i.e. tree roots, freeze/thaw cycles)
Can be re-used, re-installed, or recycled again at end-of-life
Safety Attributes of Tire-Derived Products
I. Shock Absorbing Properties Exceeds the ASTM F1292-99 Standard Specifications for Impact Attenuation of Surface
Systems for use under and around playground equipment.
II. Fire Resistance According to the requirements of the US Federal Hazardous Substances Act, tests have
shown that Crumb Rubber and Rubber Mulch are considered non-flammable (using the
According to academic and EPA studies on tire-derived crumb rubber and mulch, recycled tire products demonstrate diverse safety characteristics:
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shown that Crumb Rubber and Rubber Mulch are considered non flammable (using the 16CFR 1500.44 standard) and are easily extinguishable after 60 seconds.
III. Non-Toxic A 2010 study by CalRecycle, undertaken by the Public Health Institute, showed no
adverse impacts on health resulting from off-gassing of recycled rubber flooring in indoor environments.
EPA compliance monitoring has stated that rubber added to soil is not hazardous. Leachate metals and compounds have been shown to be 1-3 times less than proposed
TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) regulations and EPA drinking water standards.
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Safety Attributes of Tire-Derived Products
IV. Indoor Air Quality European studies have found no evidence linking total VOCs released from indoor
recycled rubber surfaces to adverse effects on human health. Some TDP products meet the Carpet and Rug Institute’s stringent criteria for VOC
emissions. Proper ventilation is generally recommended, particularly during installation.
V. Water Run-Off Safety A 2006 study by the University of Buffalo found no significant leaching from tire-derived
aggregate in dry semi-saturated or saturated soils
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aggregate in dry, semi saturated or saturated soils.
A 2004 study in Norway found the total concentration of lead, cadmium, copper and mercury in recycled rubber granulates to be below the Norwegian Pollution Control Authority’s normative values for most sensitive land use and concluded that it is not probable to constitute an unacceptable environmental risk in the short or long term.
SPECIFIC PRODUCT APPLICATIONS
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Outdoor Product Applications
Recycled tire products are used for a variety of outdoor applications:
Pavers PlaygroundsMulch
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Sports Surfaces Roofing
yg
Molded Products
Outdoor Product Applications
Recycled tire products are used for a variety of outdoor applications:
Pavers PlaygroundsMulch
Light alternative or additive to asphalt, concrete & paving stone surfacing
Easy to cut & handle Resistant to freeze/thaw
Non-toxic, durable alternative to wood mulch, decorative rock
Drains rapidly & efficiently Resists mold, mildew, fungi
Non-toxic loose & solid surface alternatives to sand, wood chips, gravel
Provides superior shock absorption
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Sports Surfaces Roofing
yg
Molded Products
Used in tracks and as fill to enhance playing fields
Cheaper than virgin rubber materials
Non-toxic & long-lasting
Many applications Lightweight & durable Fast & easy to install Will not crack under
heaving
Lasts many times longer than wood or asphalt alternatives
Will not blister, peel, crack Fire-resistant
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CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
Location:
Toronto, Ontario
Project Type:
Landscaping, Path and Play Area
TDP Application(s):
Mulch, Pour-in-place, Playground tilesDescription:
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p
Part of a showcase of sustainable design solutions at the Evergreen Brick Works centre for cities. This project provides functional access and interactive space with allusions to the river valley that the site is part of.
Project Insights:
Designed as part of a student design competition to showcase ways to use TDPs to create a sustainable and functional landscape feature
CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
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CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
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CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
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CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
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CASE STUDY: Evergreen Brick Works
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Toronto and Region Conservation Authority:Kortright Centre
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Indoor Product Applications
Indoor product applications for recycled tire rubber are predominantly flooring-related at present, but new applications continue to be explored.
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Athletic Flooring Carpet UnderlayTile/Hardwood Underlay
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Indoor Product Applications
Indoor product applications for recycled tire rubber are predominantly flooring-related at present, but new applications continue to be explored.
Absorbs sound Improves air flow for
vacuuming Does not require
maintenance
Absorbs sound Can help prevent tile
cracking Does not require
maintenance sag or
Shock absorption provides safety & protects equipment
Easy to installProtects skate blades in
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Athletic Flooring Carpet UnderlayTile/Hardwood Underlay
maintenance Extends life of carpet
maintenance, sag or compress like foam/felt
Protects skate blades in arena applications
CASE STUDY: Corus Entertainment Centre
Location:
Toronto, OntarioProject Type:
Commercial Building (482,000 sq. ft., 8-storey glass-clad)TDP Application(s):
Acoustic Underlaymenti i
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Description:
LEED Gold certified building required a commercial grade recycled acoustic underlayment that was highly durability and had superior bonding specifications to engineered wood and carpet tile.
Project Insights:
Bonding and acoustic properties of the recycled rubber underlayment offered exceeded required sound reduction values and contributed towards 5 different LEED credits
CASE STUDY: RICOH Centre
Location:
Toronto, Ontario
Project Type:
Sports & Recreation Facility
TDP Application(s):
Roll FlooringDescription:
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Recycled rolled rubber sport flooring selected to support the site’s green building design focus. Flooring offered durability, floor protection, impact and sound absorption, slip resistance wet or dry.
Project Insights:
Standard rubber flooring installation guideline procedures apply to installing the recycled rubber flooring, which contained a minimum of 92% recycled tire content
Emerging Applications
TDPs are increasingly being integrated into green roof and commercial flat roof systems, fulfilling such needs as:
Protecting waterproofing membrane
Improving rooftop ibilit f i t
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Green Roofs
accessibility for maintenance
Transforming rooftops into common use areas
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CASE STUDY: Citytv Rooftop Patio
Location:
Toronto, Ontario
Project Type:
Commercial Facility
TDP Application(s):
Rubber Paving TilesDescription:
Image TBD
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Citytv’s new home in the heart of downtown Toronto features a rooftop patio that utilizes recycled rubber tiles to enhance an outdoor space overlooking urban streetscapes below.
Project Insights:
Rubber pavers used in place of concrete tiles
Appropriate for use on flat surfaces such as balconies, patios, decks, sun-rooms, pools, playgrounds and sheds
Photo: Citytv
PROCUREMENT, INSTALLATION &
MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS
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CONSIDERATIONS
Procurement Considerations
Most TDP consumer products are available at home renovation stores. Skid pricing is also available for many products to accommodate larger volume projects.
Installation Considerations
As with all building products, site preparation requirements are unique to individual products Many TDP manufacturers provide installation
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to individual products. Many TDP manufacturers provide installation services for their products or can recommend certified and experienced local professionals.
Maintenance & End-of-Life Considerations
Tire-derived products are extremely durable and require minimum maintenance and upkeep. Many TDP manufacturers have programs in place to take back and recycle used TDPs.
Recycled Tire Product Manufacturers in Ontario
Specific product information should be obtained directly from manufacturers.
Many product manufacturers registered with Ontario Tire Stewardship are able to provide detailed LEED documentation for their products.
A full list of OTS registered manufacturers is available at
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A full list of OTS registered manufacturers is available at www.RethinkTires.ca
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ADDITIONAL PROJECT CASE STUDIES
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CASE STUDY: REEP House for Sustainable LivingLocation:
Kitchener, OntarioProject Type:
Residential BuildingTDP Application(s):
Roofing ShinglesDescription:
This century brick home was completely
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This century brick home was completely renovated to achieve a Platinum LEED rating while maintaining heritage value. TDP shingles consist of a composite blend of post-industrial plastics, recycled rubber, elastomers and cellulosic fibre materials.
Project Insights:
Decision drivers: durability, recycled content, matching aesthetics to heritage wood shingles
A typical 4000 square foot TDP roof diverts 64 tires from a landfill
CASE STUDY: Vancouver Olympics Live City
Location:
Vancouver, BC
Project Type:
Outdoor Plaza
TDP Application(s):
Interlock Paving MatsDescription:
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p
This project provided a fast-installation temporary surface for major outdoor activities surrounding the Vancouver Winter Olympics in 2010.
Project Insights:
Fast installation time, durability, and the ability to pull up and re-use the paving materials at other sites after the Games were primary drivers for the material selection.
CASE STUDY: Vancouver Olympics Live City
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CASE STUDY: Vancouver Olympics Live City
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CASE STUDY: Vancouver Olympics Live City
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OTS Demonstration Project Program
Provides funding toward purchase of TDP in Ontario projects
Helps designers and developers meet LEED & other emerging green building requirements
Contact OTS at: [email protected]
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THANK YOU.
www.RethinkTires.ca
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