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Oscar E. LiburdProfessor of Fruit and Veg. Entomology
University of Florida
Distribution and Management of Spotted
Wing Drosophila in Florida Berry Crops
Objectives
• Create an awareness of SWD prevalence on fruit
crops• To teach hands-on skills in identifying, monitoring
and managing SWD populations in berry crops• To create an opportunity for open discussions
with industry representatives, extension agents and growers• Inform growers of the available resources for
managing SWD
SWD Global Impact
North America:Canada
US > $2 BMexico
Central America:Costa Rica
Asia:
Japan $500 MChinaThailandTaiwanNorth & South KoreaPakistanRussian Far EastMyanmarIndia
Europe: > $4 BSpainFranceItalyGermanyAustriaSloveniaSwitzerlandCroatiaBelgium
S. America:Ecuador
First Record of SWD in Florida
• First recorded in 2009 in
in Hillsborough Co.
• > 28 Counties infested
• Economic losses in small fruits in 2013 was ~35 M
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD)
• Family Drosophilidae• “Vinegar flies” • “Fruit flies”• “Pomace flies”
• Male• Dark spots on wings• Two bands on
forelegs
• Female• Serrated ovipositor• No wing spots
Male SWD Female SWD
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SWD Lifecycle
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Egg 1-3 days
Larvae 5-7 days
Pupae 4-15 days
Adult 21- 63 days*Oviposition 1-2 daysFecundity 200-600 eggs
SWD Survey: 2012-2014 Blueberry Seasons
Farms Mean Number of SWD per trapFebruary
10February
24March
10March
24Mean
A 0 0 0 0 0B 1. 7 0 0 0.5 0.6C 0 0 0 0.5 0.1D 10 0.7 0 0.8 2.9E 0 0.3 0 4.4 1.2F 0 0 0 0 0G 0 0 0 0 0H 4.3 0.7 0 2.1 1.8I 0 0 0 0 0J 0 0 0 0 0K 0 6.2 0 3.1 2.3L 0.3 0 0 0 0.1M 2.3 0.3 0 0.4 0.8N 0.3 2.1 0 1.8 1.5O 0 3.2 0 0.5 0.9P 1.5 0 0 0.2 0.4
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Hillsborough Co., FL 2014
Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Bradford Co., FL 2014
Bradford County
Movement SWD population from woodlands into blueberry plantings
F = 52.84; df = 1, 141, P < 0.0001
SWD population dynamics throughout the year
Major hosts: Black night shade, Wild blackberry, Wild grapes (Vitis sp), Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum), Holly (Ilex sp), Fraser Photinia (Photinia x fraseri)
O. Liburd
Suzukii Bait very specific
Entry holes on the trap
T. Nyoike
T. Nyoike
T. Nyoike
New baits and traps for 2015
T. Nyoike
No price yet
$8.25
$0.5
Case for $74.95
Trece trap
Modifications in our trap design
SWD traps
Trece trap and SWD bait/lure evaluation
T. Garrick
Pherocon SWD Lures
$4.50 a pair
www. greatlakesipm.com
1-800-235-0285
Trece trapSuzukii bait Locally made trap
Baits & pherocon Lures performance
F = 7.67; df = 4, 72, P <0.0001
New Insecticide Tool for SWD
•EXIREL™ insecticide
• Active ingredient - cyantraniliprole
• Group 28 insecticide
• Belongs to the chemical class of anthranilic diamides
• Depletes calcium in the cells preventing muscle
contraction
IPM-compatible insecticides for SWD control
48h DAT
Developing a Rotational Spray Program for SWD
* Compounds with long PHIs were applied before start of the harvesting period
Trt No.
Spray 1 Spray 2 Spray 3 Spray 4
1 Delegate Malathion Mustang Mustang
2 Delegate Imidan Malathion Malathion
3 Danitol Delegate Malathion Malathion
4 Malathion Delegate Hero Hero
5 Delegate Cyazypyr Cyazypyr Delegate
6 Entrust Entrust Pyganic Pyganic
7 Control Control Control Control
Discussion and Conclusions
• Flies were abundant in all of the blueberry sites (except 1) surveyed
• > 50% of the strawberry fields were infested with SWD
• The suzukii bait in Trece traps was equally attractive to SWD as the yeast-sugar bait
• Exirel performed as well or better than other standards in reducing SWD population
Acknowledgements
• FDACS Specialty Crop Block Grant
• FL Strawberry Growers Association (FSGA)
• Walmart Foundation
• Participating Growers (Alto Straughn)
UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab
Oscar E. [email protected]://entnemdept.ufl.edu/liburd/fruitnvegipm(352) 273-3918 Tel.
