Chapter 1

Action Research Model – collecting and feeding back information; implementing action

programs

Change Agent – person attempting to bring change

Client System – person or organization that is being assisted

Creative Individualism – questioning of peripheral norms; accepting of pivotal norms

External Practitioner – person from outside who is resource for change

Internal Practitioner – internal resource for change; could be manager

Norms – organized and shared ideas; what members should do and feel; how behaviour should

be regulated

O Practitioner – people using and assisting other to implement OD

O Specialist – professional specialized and trained in OD

Organi!ation Culture – system of shared meanings; includes language, dress, values, norms

Organi!ation evelopment "O# – planned strategy to bring about change

Peripheral Norms – support and contribute to pivotal norms

Pivotal Norms – essential to organization’s obective

Psychological Contract – e!pectations between individual and organization

Sociali!ation – process of individual adusting to organization’s culture

Chapter $

Client System " Organization employing practitioner; #ssist them in planning change

Closed systems" $elf"contained; %solated from environment

Content " &ask of the group

Contingency approach " #ttempt to determine proper management technique

ynamic e%uili&rium ' $teady state; 'eacting with environment

Entropy ' (ovement toward disorder; )ventual termination

(eed&ac) ' 'esults and reaction from behavior

(uture shoc) ' %nability to cope with rapid change

*ori!ontal Corporation ' *lattening hierarchical organizational charts + 'eduction in layers of

management+

*ypertur&ulent Environment ' 'apid change

Open system ' %nterrelated and acts with environment

Organi!ation rene,al ' Ongoing process of building innovation into organization

Organi!ation trans-ormation "O.# ' oping with unplanned change+ hanges organization

form -revolution.

 

Participant'o&server ' #ctively participate while being aware of group process

Process o&servation ' &echnique used in e!amining groups

Reactive management ' /aits until something is problem before reacting

Rene,ing/trans-ormational management ' 0lans for change+ (akes contingency plans

Satis0cing management ' Does only what is necessary to get by

Sluggish management ' 1ased on low risk and formalized procedures

Sociotechnical System ' Open system of coordinated human and technical activities+ onsists

of 2ve maor subsystems

Sta&le environment ' 3nchanging basic products and service + $tatic level of competition+

$low, steady rate of growth

System ' $et of interrelated elements+ 3ni2ed to achieve a goal or purpose

Systems approach ' oncerned with relationships among departments and + %nterdependencies

between elements and e!ternal environment

.as) activities ' /hat the group does

.eam process ' 4ow group works+ 'elationships among team members