Do-Now We will have a quiz on the executive branch after

WSMS and a quick review.

Announcements Letters due Thursday; observation on Thursday Quiz Friday Study guide due Monday Test on Tuesday

Today’s Agenda Announcements Executive branch:

o Review o Quiz time

Judicial branch:o Organization of judicial system

• Quel Court!o Civil v. criminal caseso THP- for HW

Review What did we learn yesterday about the executive

branch?o What activities did we do yesterday?

Practice sheet before quiz

Quiz TimeExecutive Branch

Organization of Judicial System

Unit: The Federal System

Take-Home Point Do you think that the structure or

organization of the federal judicial system ensures justice? Explain.

Must be at least 5 sentences!

Think about:o The different levelso How long the process takeso How many cases actually get appealedo If having appeals is fair or not

Review What did we do yesterday with the judicial

branch?o Anything memorable?

Quote “The executive not only dispenses the

honors, but holds the sword of the community. The legislature not only commands the purse, but prescribes the rules by which the duties and rights of every citizen are to be regulated. The judiciary, on the contrary, has no influence over either the sword or the purse. It may truly be said to have neither FORCE nor WILL, but merely judgment. “

-The Federalist, 1788

NotesOrganization of the Judicial Branch

The Judicial System Under the federal system of government,

the United States has 2 court systems. One is the federal court system and the other is the system of state courts.

The Judicial System

The judicial branch is described in Article III of the U.S. Constitution.

The Judicial System

Jurisdiction of a court is the authority to enforce laws.

Example: states courts have jurisdiction over cases arising under state law.

State law says you have to eat French toast on Sundays…

Ms. Mitchem was arrested for eating tofu eggs on Sunday and tried in a state court.

U.S. DISTRICT COURTS The federal courts are

organized into several levels.

The lowest courts are trial courts known as U.S. district courts

 These courts have original jurisdiction, meaning they have the authority to be the first courts in which most federal cases are heard. These courts are the only federal courts that have juries.

Check out all my evidence guys!! It’s super convincing!!

U.S. COURTS OF APPEALS

Above the lowest courts are the U.S. courts of appeals.

These courts have appellate jurisdiction, meaning that they review decisions made by lower courts if lawyers believe the law was not applied correctly in the lower court.

These courts do not have juries, and instead, 6 to 28 judges will examine the records from the trial courts.

There are 13 of us!!

FUN FACT This term “appellate” in

“appellate jurisdiction” is so crazy, right? Who’s heard of that before??

I have! It comes from the Latin verb “appello, appellare” which means to drive or move up.

Think of appellate jurisdiction as a case that’s been driven or moved up to the next level! U.S. district

courts

U.S. Courts of Appeal

U.S. Supreme Court

7. The highest court in the land is the U.S. Supreme Court, which meets in Washington, D.C. These courts have appellate jurisdiction and some limited original jurisdiction. There are 9 Supreme Court justices who make the decision, which is final and cannot be appealed.

Supreme Court justices!! In purple!!

Federal v. State Courts Federal courts deal with issues that

violate the Constitution or federal laws like:o Any person accused of disobeying any part of

the U.S. Constitution, including its amendments

o Anyone accused of violated a U.S. treatyo Anyone accused of breaking laws passed by

Congresso Charges brought by a foreign nation against

the U.S. government or a U.S. citizeno Crimes committed on certain types of federal

propertyo Crimes committed on U.S. ships at seao Lawsuits between citizens of different states

Judge Judy So do you think Judge Judy deals with

federal or state cases?

SAD!

QUEL COURT?The Federal Court System

Quel Court? Read the scenario and decide if you

think it is talking about the U.S. Supreme Court, U.S. courts of appeals, or U.S. district courts.

Quel Court? This court has only appellate

jurisdiction, so it doesn’t hear cases for the first time.

Quel Court? This court has appellate jurisdiction,

so it reviews cases, but it also has a few instances of original jurisdiction.

Quel Court? Jimmy committed a crime on the U.S.S.

Awesome, an American ship sailing China. He was tried at a U.S. district court but doesn’t think that was held fairly. Which court should he go to next?

Quel Court? This court has original jurisdiction so

it has the authority to be the first courts in which most federal cases are heard.

Quel Court? It’s 1951, and Oliver is protesting the fact

that he cannot attend a white school in Kansas. He doesn’t think that the “separate, but equal” treatment is fair, so he decides to file a lawsuit against the Board of Education in Kansas. The case ends up going all the way to the highest court in the land.

Quel Court? This court has the final say.

Civil v. Criminal Cases

2 types of cases that are possible

MadlibsCivil v. Criminal Cases