ORATEX Application Manual & Airplane Maintenance Manual ... · ORATEX® Application Manual & Airplane Maintenance Manual Supplement LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH Issue: 2-October-2015

ORATEX® Application Manual

& Airplane Maintenance Manual Supplement

LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH

Issue: 2-October-2015 Page 1



Doc. N°

ADxC-51-001-AMM Edition 5




Page 2 Issue: 2-October-2015

Intentionally left blank





Amendments Issue Date Revised pages Description

Edition 1 13-June-2013 all First issue. Approved types:

DR300/400 all variants

Edition 2 02-Jan-2014 all (1..74) Inclusion of further types

Improvement in trailing edge

application detail

Detailing on tooling

Editorial changes

Edition 3 30-Apr-2014 all (1..100) Editorial Changes

Chapter 89-02 (new)

Amplified information tooling (new)

Chapter 90 (update)

Edition 3.1 14-May-2014 1,3, 97-101 Chapter 90 (update)

Edition 3.2 24-Aug-2014 3-7, 12, 14,

16-116

Further options and alternative

materials;

Clarification of Terminology

Chapter 90 (update)

Edition 3.3 14-Jan-2015 3-4, 6-7, 12,15,

20, 24, 38, 70-

71, 75, 80, 99,

108-115

Editorial Changes

Adhesive application and drying

Chapter 90 (update)

Edition 3.4 20-Mar-2015 1, 3, 4, 41,

107-110

Chapter 04 and 90 (update)

Edition 3.5 25-Mar-2015 1, 3, 4, 41,

107-111


Edition 3.6 14-Apr-2015 1, 3-7, 41-42,

108-113


Edition 4 28-May-2015 All (1..112) Editorial Changes

Storage Conditions, Materials

information, Bonding Check

Edition 4.1 14-July-2015 All (1..119) Chapter 04 and 90 (update)

Editorial Changes

Format changes (all pages)

Seams and Overlaps

Edition 5 2-Oct-2015 All(1..129) Chapter 04 and 90 (update)

intended use and responsibility

clarified, editorial changes





List of Service Bulletins

SB No Date Title Affected Serial

no.’s

AD

(EASA)

NOTE This is the Service Bulletin list of STC1 ADxC-DC-51-001 thru 199.

For the aircraft SB list, refer to the TC holder documentation.

1 Refer to 02-20 Terminology and Abbreviations





List of Effective Pages

Page .......................................... Page date

All (1..129) ..................... 2-October-2015





Table of Contents

Chapter Title ........................................................................................ Page

01 Introduction ............................................................. 9

01-00 General ........................................................................................... 9

01-10 Coverage ....................................................................................... 10

01-20 Related Publications ...................................................................... 10

01-30 Addresses ..................................................................................... 11

02 How to Use the Manual ........................................... 12

02-00 General ......................................................................................... 12

02-10 NOTES ........................................................................................... 13

02-20 Terminology and Abbreviations ..................................................... 14

02-30 Standard Elements ......................................................................... 15

20-40 Safety ............................................................................................ 16

03 Description ............................................................. 17

03-01 Materials ....................................................................................... 17

03-01-01 Storage Conditions ........................................................................ 26

03-01-02 Material Characteristics ................................................................. 27

03-02 Ancillary Products .......................................................................... 32

04 Limitations ............................................................. 45

04-10 General ......................................................................................... 48

05 Inspection and Maintenance ................................... 50

05-10 Time limits and inspection program .............................................. 50

05-20 Scheduled maintenance ................................................................. 50

05-50 Unscheduled maintenance ............................................................. 51





20 Standard Practices-Airframe .................................. 52

20-51 General Preparations ..................................................................... 52

20-52 Structure Preparation .................................................................... 55

20-52-01 Inter-rib Bracing ............................................................................ 56

20-53 Principles of Fabric Application ...................................................... 57

20-54 Attachment of Fabric ..................................................................... 61

20-54-01 Tubes ............................................................................................ 62

20-54-02 Convex Curved Areas and Edges ................................................... 70

20-54-03 Concave Curved Areas and Edges .................................................. 72

20-54-04 Corners ......................................................................................... 73

20-54-05 Seams and Overlaps ...................................................................... 76

20-55 Fabric Application ......................................................................... 79

20-55-01 Fabric Pre-cut ............................................................................... 79

20-55-02 Adhesive Application ..................................................................... 81

20-55-03 Adhesive Drying ............................................................................ 83

20-55-04 Positioning .................................................................................... 83

20-55-05 Attaching the Fabric ...................................................................... 84

20-55-06 Blisters and Bumps ........................................................................ 87

20-55-07 Attaching Reinforcing Tape ........................................................... 88

20-55-08 Bonding Check .............................................................................. 88

20-55-09 Lacing ........................................................................................... 89

20-55-10 Heat Tightening ............................................................................ 92

20-55-11 Fabric Tension Test ....................................................................... 97

20-56 Reinforcements ............................................................................. 97

20-56-01 Drain and Ventilation Holes ........................................................... 97

20-56-02 Fairleads ....................................................................................... 98

20-56-03 Inspection Openings...................................................................... 98

20-56-04 Brackets ........................................................................................ 99

20-57 Removal of ORATEX® Fabric ..................................................... 100

20-58 Coating ....................................................................................... 101

51 Standard Practices Structure ................................. 102

51-70 Repair ......................................................................................... 102

51-75-01 Repair of Fabric ("wet repair") ...................................................... 102

51-75-02 Repair of Fabric ("dry repair") ....................................................... 104





89 Information for Specific Airplanes ......................... 111

89-01 ANTONOV AN-2 .......................................................................... 112

89-02 ROBIN DR200/300/400 Series ..................................................... 114

90 List of Applicable Covering ................................... 121





01 Introduction

01-00 General

The ORATEX® cover and coating system is developed by LANITZ-

PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH, Leipzig, Germany, to suit any

fabric covered airplane, just as cotton, linen or other polyester based

fabric systems. In addition it also serves as top coating in areas

traditionally not fabric covered but paint top coated. Further the

system offers corresponding material for striping and coloring.

Any other use of the ORATEX system beyond this application, both in

aviation but also in all other areas, has not been tested. Any liability

and warranty of LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH and Aircraft

Design & Certification Ltd. for improper use and unauthorized

processing is excluded.

NOTE It must be noted that although developed to suit any type of airplane,

the system has been technically evaluated for the airplanes listed in

Chapter 90. Additionally, the airplanes for which a formal authority

approval has been granted are identified there.

The core element is ORATEX® fabric which is a heat shrinkable,

polyester fabric with polyurethane coating which is available in two

grades (ORATEX® 6000 and UL600MK3)

The system further includes:

reinforcing tapes

rib bracing tape

top coat paint system

striping foils

rib-lacing cord

degreaser

adhesive remover

protective wax

cleaner

decorative finishing materials

adhesives





The ORATEX® as such, as well as tapes, cords, coatings and striping

foil is available in a variety of colors.

The advantages of the ORATEX® cover system are:

consistent area weight due to uniform automatic top coat application

by coating technology

a significant weight saving versus traditional cover & top coat systems

colour-matching paint system

easy and colour matching repair or rework

homogeneous surface

no need for (spray) paint application on top of the coating

solvent free application

time-saving, approx. half the time of a conventional covering

necessary

01-10 Coverage

This manual only covers the airplanes listed in Chapter 90 for which

installation approval must be obtained by means of an engineering

order from EASA DOA.21.J.411. For all others the installer is

responsible to receive the respective approval.

The manual also covers the quality control aspects the installer has to

adhere to with respect to the materials ordered at and received from LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH, Leipzig, Germany,

All materials of the system are described and defined, however

procedures are given only for the generic ORATEX® fabric. Other

ORATEX® system materials such as the top coating and striping foil

materials are to be used with standard practices.

01-20 Related Publications

AC43.13-1B 9/8/98





01-30 Addresses

Contact for ordering parts and material:

Firm Address


Am Ritterschlösschen 20

D-04179 Leipzig

www.ORATEX.eu

In case of change of ownership of the airplane, design deficiency or

occurrence in relation with this STC, please contact:

Firm Address

Aircraft Design & Certification Ltd. Reichensteinstrasse 48

D-69151 Neckargemünd

E-mail: [email protected]

LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH developed the

System and is the according STC Holder. The company has discharged

the obligations with respect to Part 21. requirements to AD&C EASA

DOA.21.J.411.

mailto:[email protected]





02 How to Use the Manual

02-00 General

The format and contents of this manual have been prepared in

accordance with the GENERAL AVIATION MANUFACTURERS

ASSOCIATION (GAMA) Specification No. 2.

The contents of this manual are organized in three levels:

Group

System/Chapter

Subsystem (if needed)

Group

Groups used in this manual are:

Group Chapters Definition / Remark

General 01 & 02 General information

Aircraft 03 to 05 Complete operational unit,

limitations

Airframe & Structure 20 & 51 All airframe systems except

power plant

Miscellaneous 90 List of applicable airplanes and

each with materials to be used

Supplementary information To be collected

in Appendix

Forms, Advanced maintenance

instructions, Service bulletins

etc.

System/Chapter

Systems are arranged numerically per GAMA Specification 2 (ATA 100)

recommended number assignment. The first two numbers indicate

the chapter or system; the second two indicate the sub-system or

section (for example Chapter 02-10).

When a subsystem is further divided into units, a third element is

added to the number sequence, e.g. 53-20-01

The table of content lists only those chapter numbers which are used

in this supplement.





02-10 NOTES

Notes and safety notes in this handbook are marked by the words

NOTE, IMPORTANT, NOTICE, CAUTION, WARNING or DANGER in the

left margin column. The text of the note or safety note is printed in

bold. See the following definitions:

DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in

death or serious injury.

WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in

death or serious injury.

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in

minor or moderate injury.

NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury.

IMPORTANT represents an important hint.

NOTE represents a remarkable hint.





02-20 Terminology and Abbreviations

Term Meaning

adhesive within the ORATEX® system used materials:

ORATEX® Dispersion and Hotmelt Adhesive

attach generally means, that the following processes are

finished:

adhesive applied,

adhesive dried,

adhesive hardened while fabric pressed to the

contact area,

and where required, fabric laced.

Refer to the applicable Chapters/Sections for

detailed procedures.

inter-rib-

bracing

Tapes crosswise attached between ribs to stabilize

them.

lacing Generally the attachment of fabric to the structure

by means of threads.

reinforcing

tape

straight edge or pinked edge (zig-zag) tape from:

ORATEX®UL600 MK3 (light grade)

or ORATEX®6000 (heavy grade)

BVS German certification specification for gliders

DDP Declaration of Design & Performance

IR Infrared

STC Supplemental Type Certificate

TCDS Type Certificate Data Sheet





02-30 Standard Elements

Graphical Elements

The following graphical elements are generally used within this

manual:

Text Elements

The following text elements are generally used within this manual:

Normal text

Itemization

▶ Instructions

▶ Instructions within a safety note

Head Lines

Head Lines (when referenced)

20% black

5% black

structure

fabric

fabric layer 70% black





20-40 Safety

▶ Make sure that you have all necessary ratings to begin your work.

These ratings may be differently regulated in different countries.

Before you start working, always contact your respective examiner.

For applications in the scope of the EASA an approval by a Part 66

licensed examiner is imperative while in the scope of the FAA it has to

be approved by an IA licensed A & P (airframe and powerplant

mechanic with IA entry). In case of Annex II aircraft and microlights a

responsible examiner has to be contacted. The approval is

documented by a signature on the Engineering Order and a record in

the logbook of the aircraft. In addition, a form 337 has to be filled in

in scope of the FAA. Appropriate regulations of other countries must

also be observed. With the approval, the conformity with the

requirements (compliance) of the STC is confirmed.

▶ Do not start fabric application or any related preparations without an

explicit Engineering Order from Aircraft Design & Certification Ltd. or

other relevant authority approval applicable to the respective airplane.

▶ Do not begin any work before completely having read and understood

the contents of this manual.

▶ Remove adhesive and dope only in explosion proof rooms with

exhaustion device.

▶ Wear ventilated protective clothing, protective goggles, chemical

resistant gloves and respiratory mask when working with solvents or

in dusty conditions.

▶ Wear safety gloves to protect yourself against high temperatures.

▶ Observe and follow the instructions of the products data and safety

sheets (refer to www.oracover.eu).





03 Description

03-01 Materials

The ORATEX® System consists of the following materials2:

ADxC-DDP

Number

Material

designation Application

LANITZ-PRENA Product Code

(xxx= colour, yyy=width in [mm] or [cm],

zzz=length in [m]

ADxC-51-DDP-001

ORATEX® 6000

Basic cover fabric

130 to 150g/m²

depending on

colour

14-xxx-yyy-zzz

Standard width 90cm and 180cm

yyy=width in [cm]

ORATEX®

rib bracing tape Rib bracing

17-xxx-yyy-zzz

Standard width 25mm

yyy in [mm]

ADxC-51-DDP-002

ORATEX® UL600 MK3

Basic cover light

fabric grade 90 –

110 g/m²

depending on

colour

13-xxx-yyy-zzz

Standard width 90cm and 180cm

yyy=width in [cm]

ADxC-51-DDP-003

ORATEX®

DISPERSION

HOTMELT

ADHESIVE (separate

components)

2K Adhesive

system -

unmixed3

0987 (1l), obsolete

0988 (5l), obsolete

0989 (10l), obsolete

ORATEX®

DISPERSION

HOTMELT

ADHESIVE

(premixed)

Adhesive system,

premixed2

0974 (50ml)

0975 (100ml)

0976 (500ml)

0977 (1l)

0978 (5l)

0979 (10l)

2 Shelf-life 5 years from delivery date for all ORATEX® fabric. If shelf-life is exceeded,

material needs to be checked against requirements defined in Chapter 04-10.

3 Shelf-life 3 months at 25 °C (77 °F), short time (max. 24 h) allowance 30 °C (86 °F)





ADxC-DDP

Number

Material




zzz=length in [m]

ADxC-51-DDP-004

ORATEX® UL600

Pinked edge

reinforcing tape

(light grade)

Reinforcing tape,

zig-zag edge

from ORATEX®

UL600 MK3

with thermo-

plastic adhesive.

15-xxx-yyy

Standard width 25, 50, 75, 100, 125,

150mm

yyy in [mm]

ORATEX®

UL600

Straight edge

reinforcing tape

(light grade)

dto, straight cut

16-xxx-yyy

Standard width 25, 50, 75, 100,

125mm

yyy in [mm]

ADxC-51-DDP-005

EASYPLOT®

UV-stabilized

coloured

polyester foil,

with permanent

pressure sensitive

polyacrylate

adhesive

150/152/153/154/160/162/

163/164/182/187/188/189/

195/197/198/199/1450/1452/

1453/1454/1550/1552/1553/1554/-

xxx-yyy

ORALINE®

Trim line for

optical decoration

made of EASYPLOT

®

26-xxx-yyy

Standard width: 5, 10, 15, 20;

all other width by customer request

yyy in [mm]

ORATRIM®

Wide trim line for

optical decoration

made of

EASYPLOT®

27-xxx-yyy

Standard width 9,5 cm 2 and 5 m

rolls, Standard width 12cm 25m

length

ADxC-51-DDP-006

ORACOLOR® Top coat paint

system

1121/1122/1110-xxx-A (A=marking

paint)

1121-xxx-B (B=permanently elastic)

ADxC-51-DDP-007

ORACOLOR®

Thinner

Thinner for

ORACOLOR®

1100-996 (1000ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-008

ORACOLOR®

Hardener for

Spraying

Hardener for

ORACOLOR®

(to be sprayed)

1100-997 (500ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-009

ORACOLOR®

Hardener for

Brushing

Hardener for

ORACOLOR®

(to be brushed)

1100-998 (500ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-010

ORACOLOR®

Filler

Surface treatment

to prevent cracks

1100-999 (1000ml)





ADxC-DDP

Number

Material




zzz=length in [m]

ADxC-51-DDP-011

ORACOLOR®

Matt-Finishing

Agent

To be added with

hardener to

ORACOLOR®

for flattening

1100-995 (500ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-012

ORATEX®

Cleaner

Liquid cleaner for

all ORATEX®,

ORACOLOR®,

EASYPLOT®,

ORATRIM®,

ORALINE®

products

08200 (500 ml)

08210 (1000 ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-013

ORATEX®

Adhesive Remover

Remover for the

ORATEX®

DISPERSION

HOTMELT

ADHESIVE4

0957 (250ml)

0958 (500ml)

0959 (1000ml)

ADxC-51-DDP-014

UL600 Repair-

Sheet (A4)

Repair of small

damage

18-xxx-yyy (A4 sheet)

ADxC-51-DDP-015

Adhesive for

ORATEX®

UL 600

selbstklebend

Adhesive film on

repair sheet

(DDP-014)

Not available as individual product

ADxC-51-DDP-016

ORATEX®6000

Straight edge

reinforcing tape

(heavy grade)

Reinforcing tape,

straight cut

from ORATEX®

6000 with

thermoplastic

adhesive.

19-xxx-yyy

Standard width 25, 50, 75, 100,

125mm

yyy in [mm]

4 Application only on non-polymerized adhesive.





All material ordering codes use the same colour coding:

Colour German Code xxx

Natural white5 Naturweiß 000

White Weiß 010

Antique5 Antik 012

Olive drab Tarnoliv 018

Corsair blue Corsairblau 019

Fokker red Fokkerrot 020

Cub yellow Cub gelb 030

Silver Silber 091

5 uncolored ORATEX® does not feature the same level of UV protection and therefore has

more stringent limits, see chapter 04.





Amplified Information

This paragraph contains amplified information to some of the above

presented materials.

ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive

Item number:

0974 (50ml)

0975 (100ml)

0976 (500ml)

0977 (1l)

0978 (5l)

0979 (10l)

When using ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive the adhesive

container must be closed in between applications to prevent the

adhesive from drying. When you pause or break from the adhesive

application process the brush must be put into cold water

immediately to be cleaned, and it has to be dried with a dry cloth

before reusing. Only after this process the brush can be used again.

We strongly recommend that the adhesive container is closed after

every single taking of adhesive with the brush to prevent an

unnecessary drying of the adhesive at the rim and the inner sides of

the container. Never use warm water for cleaning as the adhesive will

be activated thereby, which makes the brush unusable.

NOTE Please pay attention to the manufacturing date of the ORATEX®

dispersion hotmelt adhesive. The shelf time is only 3 months from the

date of manufacturing.





ORATEX® Adhesive Remover

Item number:

0957 (250 ml)

0958 (500 ml)

0959 (1 Litre)

The ORATEX® Adhesive Remover serves to remove fresh ORATEX®

Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive. You soak an uncolored (white) piece of

natural fiber cloth (e.g. cotton) with the adhesive remover. With this

moistened piece of cloth, you can lightly wipe two to three times over

the surface to remove the excess adhesive.

WARNING Solvents can be harmful to health.


resistant gloves and respiratory mask when working with solvents.

▶ Observe the instructions of the solvent security and data sheet.

NOTICE The ORATEX® Adhesive Remover is very aggressive. Repeated

application can damage the coated surface of ORATEX® and even

remove the coatings.

▶ Extra care should be taken using the ORATEX® Adhesive Remover

on painted surfaces.





ORATEX® Wash-Primer

Item number:

0983 (100 ml)

0984 (500 ml)

0985 (1Litre)

To pretreat metal surfaces of aircraft construction the use of

ORATEX® Wash-Primer is essential as metal surfaces will oxidize

and corrode without this protective coating. This applies to both, steel

and aluminum. When dealing with open tubular structures care must

be taken to ensure the inside of tubes are protected as moisture

which condenses in the tube will lead to irreversible corrosion

damage. Before applying the ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive

make sure the Wash-Primer has dried completely (24 h at room

temperature, inside of open tube structures as the case may be

considerably longer). The Wash-Primer can also be used as a base

primer for varnishing metal surfaces with ORACOLOR® paint.

NOTE Before use clean all surfaces thoroughly!

The mixed Wash-Primer has a pot-life of 8 h at 18-22°C





IMPORTANT For tube structures, in particular open tube structures observe and

follow the manufacturer’s corrosion protection and ventilation

provisions.

Degreaser for ORATEX®

Item number:

08245 (250 ml)

08246 (500 ml)

08247 (1 Litre)

The Degreaser for ORATEX® is mandatory for cleaning the surface

of the fabric before applying straight edge reinforcing tape, pinked

edge reinforcing tape, seams, ORATEX® Dry Repair patches,

ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive or paint.

To use ORATEX® Degreaser take a paper towel and pour the

degreaser onto it so it is soaked. Wipe the area to be cleaned with the

pre-moistened paper towel ensuring the area is thoroughly cleaned,

follow this immediately with a dry paper towel in one direction

absorbing any remaining degreaser. This process should only occur in

ONE direction, wiping backwards and forwards could distribute the

absorbed grease particles back to the surface.

If you should still discover wet areas after this drying process it is

necessary to continue drying them with a new dry paper towel,

proceeding into the same direction as before. Moving the paper towel

forwards and backwards CANNOT be allowed as this process will

distribute the grease film equally all over the surface. This cleaning

process is also applied with overlaps and seams to assure a grease-

free joint.





2K-Filler

Item number:

08445 (100 ml)

08446 (500 ml)

08447 (1 Litre)

The 2K-Filler comes with good filling properties, dries fast and can be

sanded easily. It has been developed to be the base for the

ORACOLOR® Paint-system. The 2K-Filler is always supplied with the

matching hardener.

2K-Combination-Filler

Item number:

08440 (100 ml)

08441 (500 ml)

08442 (1 Litre)

The 2K-Combination-Filler has easy filling features and, after drying,

can be sanded easily. It bonds well to all kinds of surfaces. It has been

developed to be the base for the ORACOLOR® Paint-system.

Colour: matt light grey





ORATEX® Dry Cleaner

Item number:

08454 (500 ml)

The ORATEX® Dry Cleaner is to be used to clean contaminated

surfaces. It can be used anywhere and is waterless. No water, bucket

or washing-up is needed. For best results, two high-quality micro-

fiber towels have to be used but only on cold surfaces and in the

shade. Heavily soiled surfaces must be cleaned previously with water

in order to remove the gross soiling.

Not suitable for matt surfaces.

ORACOLOR® top coat system, EASYPLOT®, ORALINE®

and ORATRIM® striping foils material for trimming and

decoration and Cleaners

Those materials do not require specific instructions, procedures or

methods. Their usage falls within standard practices. Specifics are

defined in data sheets supplied with the material or are available from

the LANITZ-PRENA webpage.

The application of these materials is not limited to specific airplanes

nor does the installer require an engineering order. However,

permissible structural temperatures might limit the selection of

(darker) colors and application area. The installer is advised to refer to

the individual airplane type publications.

03-01-01 Storage Conditions

ORATEX® fabric and all related products must be stored at the

following conditions:

Dry, ventilated, dark, light protected.





Never store any of the material on the ground.

Storage temperature: 5°C – 25°C (41 – 77 °F), short time (max. 24 h)

allowance 30 °C (86 °F)

Humidity: 35% thru 65%

Observe life time limits. Never use materials after expiration date.

NOTICE Fabric damage (stress whitening) due to kinks.

▶ Never fold the fabric.

▶ Roll up the fabric for storage.

▶ Never use fabric with kinks or wrinkles or any evidence of stress

whitening.

03-01-02 Material Characteristics

Fabric

The fabric consists of polyester and has a polyurethane coating. The

coating is always on the outside of the fabric rolls and is glossier than

the fabric itself. The inner side is a little rougher and the texture is

slightly better visible.

On the straight edge reinforcing tapes and pinked edge reinforcing

tapes the adhesive is already applied. That makes the inside smooth.

It is covered with a protective siliconised paper.

The fabric as well as tapes and foils shrink when applying

temperatures between 100 °C (212 °F) and 200 °C (392 °F). Each 10 °C

(18 °F) the fabric shrinks by approx. 1% biaxially.

NOTICE Fabric damage when applying temperatures above 200 °C (392 °F).

▶ Never adjust the iron, heat gun or radiant heater to more than 200 °C

(392 °F)!

Temperatures above 200 °C (392 °F) damage the fibers. Generally the

destruction is not visible. In extreme cases the polyurethane coating

will tarnish. In any case, when heated above 200 °C (392 °F) the fabric

has to be replaced.

Temperatures above 250 °C (482 °F) will melt the fabric.





NOTICE Structure damage when applying to high temperatures.

▶ Observe the temperature limits of the underlying structure.


(356 °F) when attaching fabric to wooden structure members!


(194 °F) when attaching fabric to composite structure members!

If shrinking and thus application of higher temperatures is necessary

when attaching fabric to composite structures cover the structure with

corrugated cardboard, e.g. if you shrink the open bay area between

carbon ribs, they must be covered with corrugated cardboard against

the heat during the shrink process. Where double curved shapes are

present shrink the fabric to size before bringing it into thermal

contact with the structure.

Depending on the underlying structure the heat needs more or less

time to intrude into the fabric. Different materials dissipate heat in

different ways. The following figure shows typical intrusion behaviour.

The intrusion times vary depending on fabric colour, structure

material and thickness, used tools, humidity and temperature of

environment. Check the behaviour of material (without adhesive) and

tools you will use on diverse places of your aircraft with an IR

thermometer. This will enable you to meet the temperature

requirements later. It will also increase your skill in handling materials

and tools.

The characteristics of ORATEX® fabric with respect to protection of

underlying structure (namely wooden surfaces such as plywood

covered fuselage) is comparable to a PU top coating. Both are in the

intrusion time

temp

wood andcomposite material

no underlying structure

heat heat heat





same rage of vapor diffusion permeability and have comparable UV

protection characteristics. Hence an ORATEX® covered structure is

adequately protected against both effects and does not need

additional coating.

Adhesives

Two types of adhesive are used.

The first type is a 2K 'structural' adhesive which bonds the base

material to the underlying structure. This adhesive is called a

"hotmelt" adhesive, however it is only a thermoplastic adhesive at low

temperature, it polymerizes into a duroplast due to a hardener which

is released at higher temperatures. The designation refers to the heat

based activation of the 2K system. As premixed version therefore this

adhesive has a stringent shelf life limit.

After application the hotmelt adhesive dries at room temperature.

Temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) initiate the polymerization. This

process is not reversible.

NOTE Once heated above 50 °C (122 °F) fabric with hotmelt adhesive must

be brought to the structure quickly and must not be removed.

Removal of the fabric destroys the bonding. Slight adjustments are

possible as long as the adhesive is hot.

When cooled down before application, the adhesive turns useless

after a short while (approx. 15 minutes). In this case new adhesive

must be applied to the fabric.

If shrinking the fabric with adhesive applied attach the fabric

immediately. If this is not possible, firstly shrink the fabric and apply

adhesive later.

The second type of adhesive is indeed a thermoplastic adhesive. It

makes the application of striping and reinforcement tapes and

sacrificial leading edge layers easy. The adhesive is already factory

coated on the backside of the striping and reinforcing tapes. It can be

heated again and again while the fabric or tape can be newly

positioned. So this adhesive qualifies for easy removal and repair.

However this adhesive must not be used between structure and fabric

except for paddings (refer to Section 20-52).





Adhesive Hardening

The ORATEX® Dispersion hotmelt adhesive needs a temperature of

90 °C (194 °F) to harden applied for min. 10 seconds (residence time)

to each point of adhesive. Fabric or tapes must be pressed to the

structure or underlying fabric with a load of 3 kg (6.6 lb) as long as

the adhesive is hot.

Thermo-adhesive coated products such as reinforcing tapes require a

second pass at a temperature of approx. 120 °C (248 °F). The

residence time of this second pass must be 5 to 10 seconds at a

pressure of approx. 2 to 3 kg (4.4 - 6.6 lbs), to assure that the tapes

are firmly heat-bonded to the surface. Insufficient heat or time may

result in the tapes not to stay permanently bonded or to show air

bubbles in between the tape and the surface.





The following figure summarizes the main characteristics of both the

fabric and adhesive:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

230

240

250

°C

Drying

Hardening

Shrinking

Damage

Melting

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

%

Shrinking process begins at 100 °C(212 °F).Each 10 °C (18 °F) the fabric shrinks by approx. 1% biaxially.

Temperatures above 200 °C (392 °F)will damage the fabric

at 250 °C (482 °F) the fabric melts

Hardening process begins at 50 °C(122 °F).A reliable binding is accomplishedwhen the adhesive has been heated

for 10 seconds. to 90 °C (194 °F)

Apply air not above 30 °C (86 °F) for drying to avoid initiatingthe hardening process

Maximum 90 °C (194 °F) for mostcomposite structures

Maximum 180 °C (356 °F) forwood structures

150 °C (302 °F) for more than 5 sec.initiates adhesive cohesion failure

°F

504030

60708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300310320330340350360370380390400410420430440450460470480490





03-02 Ancillary Products

Mandatory Products

The following tools and ancillary products are mandatory when

covering with ORATEX®. They

have been checked for optimal usability,

have passed the in-house inspection,

received factory approval and

meet all requirements for the application of ORATEX® aircraft

covering in accordance with this ORATEX Application Manual.

IMPORTANT If tools, accessories and ancillary products are used which are

different from those listed here as mandatory LANITZ-PRENA

FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH cannot guarantee a successful job and

cannot be held liable for the result.

ORATEX® Sealing Iron

Item number:

08420

The temperature is digitally electronically controlled. It has an output

of 1200 W and is available in 230 V and 110 V (US version).





Heat Gun

Item number:

0949

The heat gun is used for shrinking and generating thermal bonds. The

temperature is digitally electronically controlled. Adjustment and

regulation of the airflow temperature is necessary to avoid

overheating the fabric or the aircraft structure. The heat gun features

a step switch for the air volume control (3 steps), so that it can be

adjusted individually.

maximum output: 2000 W

maximum air flow: 500 L per minute

It is available in 230 V and 110 V (US version).

While covering the heat gun has to be set at 500 L per minute.

The following figure shows the typical behaviour of the hot airflow of

a heat gun. Check this behaviour on your heat gun with an IR

thermometer. This will enable you to estimate the correct distance to

the fabric, when a certain temperature is desired. It will also increase





your skill in handling this tool. Follow the instructions of the IR

thermometer manufacturer to receive correct results.

10 cm

10 cm

Distance Diameter of heated area Temperature

200 °C (392 °F)

100 °C (212 °F)

50 °C (122 °F)

2 cm

4 cm

8 cm

heat gun

IR thermometer





Press Roll

Item number:

08150

The press roll is used to perform work under thermal loads.

Special Brush for ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive

Item number:

08425 (large)

08426 (small)

These special brushes are to be used for the correct application of

ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive.

ORACOLOR® Paint Brush

Item number:

08152 (40 mm wide)

08153 (60 mm wide)

08154 (80 mm wide)

These special paint brushes gives you the opportunity to achieve an

excellent paint job.





The paint layer you will get is homogenous and without brush marks.

Allows a professional finishing result even for unpracticed persons.

Due to the hardener in the ORACOLOR®-System the brush should

be used only once.

Pinking Shears

Item number:

0906

The pinking shears is used for cutting of ORATEX® covering

material and tapes.

ORATEX® Felt Blade

Item number:

0915 (7 x 10 cm)

0948 (10 x 14 cm)

Felt blades are an important tool in order to bond ORATEX® fabric

to the surface. The application of pressure by the felt blade to the

heated fabric and to the surface will create a perfect joint without

having trapped any air. If wrinkles occur during the covering process,

they are removed by the large area shrinking process. These felt

blades are specially made for this process.





Silicon Release Paper

Item number:

12-100-002 (60 cm x 2 m)

12-100-005 (60 cm x 5 m)

To prevent the fabric from marking by a hot iron during covering, it is

recommended that Silicon Release Paper be placed with the glossy

side to the fabric while ironing. The iron should only slide on the dull

side of the Silicon Release Paper and NEVER directly on the fabric as

there is the possibility that the sole of the iron will create marks on

the fabric.

Fixing tape for ORATEX®

Item number:

08258 (19 mm x 50 m)

08259 (50 mm x 50 m)

The fixing tape can be used wherever it is necessary to fix

ORATEX®, it serves for setting up cutting lines and as a masking

tape for adhesive applications. It can be removed without a trace.





Masking Tape

Item number:

08230-010 (10 mm x 66 m)

08230-030 (30 mm x 66 m)

08230-050 (50 mm x 66 m)

It is used to have clean edges after painting, as no paint can run in

the depressions of the fabric when using our masking tape.

ORATEX® Wax

Item number:

08240 (500 ml)

To prevent dirt, flies and grass from sticking to the covering, to ease

the cleaning and to give a maximum of colour protection the wax has

to be applied onto the fabric. Before applying shake well. With an

applicator pad or a cotton terry towel the wax is applied thoroughly

and worked into the fabric. Followed by a polishing job with

microfiber cloth. For best results turn the cloth from time to time to a

clean part.






▶ Do not inhale the vapours and keep the room well ventilated.

▶ Avoid skin contact.

▶ Wear ventilated protective clothing, chemical resistant, protective

goggles, gloves and respiratory mask when working with solvents.


Fixing Bracket Tool (only for Antonov AN2)

Item number:

08450

Recommended Products

We recommend to use the following tools, accessories and ancillary

products when covering with ORATEX®.

Respirator Mask

Item number:

08249

When working with organic solvents a respirator which is equipped

with filters against organic solvent is essential personal protection

equipment. Organic solvents can be found in ORATEX® Degreaser,

ORATEX® Adhesive Remover, ORACOLOR® paint, hardeners,

thinners and fillers, base coats, wash-primers etc. Always consider

your personal safety and only work in well ventilated rooms.





According to national safety regulations the use of a respirator mask

is mandatory, protects your health and assures your safety when you

handle the above mentioned chemicals.

Dust Particle Filter (two pieces)

Item number:

08250

Spare dust particle filter P2 R D according to EN 143:2000 against

harmful dust. They are original replacement filters for the respirator

mask.

Filter for Solvents (two pieces)

Item number:

08251

The replacement filters are an original accessory for the respirator

mask. They protect you from organic solvents and are A2 gas filters

according to EN 14387:2004 against organic gas and fumes.





Dust Particle Filter Adapter (two pieces)

Item number:

08252

Dust Particle Filter Adapter for P1 R D, P2 R D and P3 R D particle

filters.

Chemical Gloves

Item number:

08431 (size M)

08432 (size XL)

Chemical resistant Nitrile gloves are part of the personal protection

equipment and they serve your safety and health. Use of protective

gloves is mandatory when working with organic solvents, adhesives,

paint, hardeners, thinners, fillers, primers, etc.





Working Gloves

Item number:

08428 (size 8)

08429 (size 9)

08430 (size 10)

Working gloves assist you to hold the covering while stretching.

Thanks to the texture of the palms the covering can be gripped and

stretched easily over the area to be covered, for ease of ironing. We

strongly recommend the application of these working gloves for an

easy handling.

Applicator Pad for Waxing

Item number:

08452 (two pieces)

This Applicator Pad is to be used to apply the ORATEX® protective

wax in the optimal way.

Corrugated Cardboard

The corrugated cardboard (best covered with silicone paper) is used

to protect specific areas from hot air when working with the heat gun.





Pencils

Item number:

08433

To mark the inside of the fabric only these pencils of the type HB are

to be used, as they are not bleeding when the dispersion hotmelt

adhesive is applied.

NOTICE Ink can migrate deeply into the fabric and can show marks on the

inner side of the top side.

▶ Do not use felt pens or liquid ink pens.

Cutting knife

Item number:

0916

For all cutting needs of the fabric the cutting knife is a recommended

tool.





Accessories

Other important tools, which we do not supply but which are

generally available are:

a well cutting and sharp pair of scissors

a metal ruler of at least one meter length

a plastic bowl with cover which serves as storage for the adhesive

one plastic bowl with COLD WATER for cleaning the brush. When you

interrupt your work the brush must be put into this bowl immediately.

IR Thermometer

Use a conventional IR thermometer, of whose display accuracy you

have assured yourself, to check the temperature of fabric when

working with the iron or heat gun.





04 Limitations

Approved Model List

Date Make Model TCDS Approval Reference

01/08/2013 Robin DR300 and DR400 series EASA.A.367 EASA STC 10045970 REV 0

25/03/2014

Antonov AN2 LBA 2069/SA

LBA EMZ SA 1468 Piel Emeraude LBA 564

Piper PA-18 LBA 722

18/08/2014

Piper PA-20 LBA 727

LBA EMZ SA 1468 Issue 2 Piper PA-22 LBA 712

Piper J3 / PA11 LBA 713

Robin Jodel DR100 LBA 585

18/08/2014 Scheibe SF25 EASA.A.098 EASA STC 10050167 REV 0

14/01/2015

Robin DR200 Series EASA.A.510

EASA STC 10045970 REV 1 Robin DR 220 Series EASA.A.551

Robin DR 253 series EASA.A.552

06/02/2015

Alexander Schleicher

AS-K 13 LBA 267/SP

EASA STC 10050167 REV 1

ASK 18 LBA 307/SP

K 10 A LBA 239

K 7 LBA 211

K 8 Series LBA 216

Ka6 Series LBA 205

AVO AVO 68 -v Samburo Series

EASA.A.252

Scheibe

Bergfalke Series EASA A.099

SF 26 A Standard EASA.A.103

SF 27 Series EASA.A.104

SF 28 A Tandem Falke EASA.A.107

SF 30 A Club Spatz EASA.A.106

Spatz Series EASA.A.100

Specht EASA.A.101

Sperber EASA.A.102

Zugvogel Series EASA.A.105

20/03/2015

Klemm Klemm L 25 LBA 573 / SA

LBA EMZ SA 1468 Issue 3

Piel CP 301 C "Emeraude" LBA L-623a

Piel CP 301 S "Smaragd" LBA L-642

Sipa Sipa 903 LBA L-721

Stark Stark Turbulent D LBA 537






25/03/2015


K 8 B/KM 46 LBA 691

LBA EMZ PS0014

K 8 B/Stihl LBA 670

Ka 6/Stihl LBA 692

Scheibe SF 27 M-A LBA 678

SF24 Motorspatz LBA 581


Ka 1 LBA L-118

LBA EMZ SP0003

Ka 2 LBA 140

Ka 2 b LBA 203

Ka 3 LBA L-154

Schempp-Hirth

Gö 3 Minimoa LBA L-59

Vintage Glider

Fauvel AV-36 LBA L-249

Fauvel AV-36 LBA 159

Grunau Baby II b LBA 49/SP

Grunau Baby II b-DDR LBA 49

Habicht E LBA 04.53

SG 38 LBA 14






14/04/2015


ASK-16 LBA 759


K 12 LBA 684

Fournier RF3 LBA 666

LET

L 13 Vivat EASA.A.046

L-13 Blaník EASA.A.024

L-23 Super-Blaník EASA.A.044

L-33 Sólo EASA.A.045

Pützer RF 5 LBA 695

SFS 31 Milan LBA 755

SZD SZD-24 Foka EASA.A.319

Vintage Glider

FK 3 LBA 04.268

SB 5 LBA 218

Standard Austria S LBA L-231

Carman-Morelli M100 EASA.SAS.A.006

Fournier RF-5 AJ-1 Serrinia EASA.SAS.A.092

Slingsby T-51 Dart EASA.SAS.A.087

Wassmer WA26 Squale EASA.SAS.A.015

SZD

SZD-30 PL BG 32/2

SZD-25A PL 7/TL/61

SZD-36A Cobra 15 PL BG 071/2

SZD-45A Ogar PL BX 104/1

Slingsby

Kirby Kite NIL

T.45 Swallow NIL

T.50 Skylark 4 NIL

Schempp-Hirth

SHK-1 LBA 258

14/07/2015

Aviat Husky A-1 EASA.IM.A.294


LET Z-37 Series EASA.A.445

Maule Maule M-4 EASA.A.018

Scheibe SF 23 Sperling EASA.A.579

Wassmer Wassmer WA 40 EASA.SAS.A.048

Zlin Zlin Z26 Series EASA.A.353

Air Tractor AT-300, -400 Series US A9SW

Robin ATL EASA.A.374

Yakovlew Yakovlew YAK-18T EASA.SAS.A.095






02/10/2015


ES 49 LBA 102

LBA approval pending

Ka 9 LBA 221

Rhönlerche II LBA L-164

Rheinflug RW 3 LBA 509/SA

Scheibe LCF-2 LBA 289/SP

L-Spatz 55/Stihl LBA 694

Schempp-Hirth

Goevier III LBA L-112

SZD

SZD-24 C Foka LBA 255

SZD-30 Pirat LBA 273

SZD-9 bis Bocian 1D LBA 225/SP

Vintage Glider

Baby III LBA L-66

D 34 LBA L-169

Doppelraab LBA L-101

Doppelraad-HANKUR 1 LBA 796

hks-3 LBA 200

Hü 17b LBA L-116

Krähe II LBA 575

Kranich II LBA L-30

Kranich III LBA 111

Lo 100 Zwergreiher LBA 129

Lo 150 LBA L-167

LOM 57 Libelle LBA L-228

MG 19a LBA 377

Mü 22 LBA 141

Rhönsperber LBA 51

Weihe 50 LBA 68/SP

04-10 General

All Limitations of the aircraft type remain valid.

Especially structural temperature limits which lead to colour or

absorption coefficient limitations must be observed when choosing

the colour code. In case of doubt contact the respective airplane TC

holder.

There is no absolute elapsed time or flight hour limit of the

ORATEX® system. The degrading factors are UV, temperature

variations, mechanical abuse as well as chemical abuse. If the general

conditions or appearance give reason of concern checks as presented





in Section 05-20 have to be performed. A successful completion of

these checks is condition for further release to service.

For colored ORATEX® a first strength test must be made after

5years for airplanes parked normally outside. For all others (normally

parked in a hangar or trailer) after a maximum 8years. Strength must

be verified versus limits as defined in AC43.13 Chapter 2 Table 2.1.

For non-colored ORATEX® (colour code 000 – natural white / 012 –

antique) the first test has to be performed after 2years if parked

normally outside, for all others after 4 years.

For ORATEX® 6000 the 700N/50mm (80lbs/in) limit applies

For ORATEX® UL600MK3 the 570N/50mm (65lbs/in) limit

applies.

The fabric must be exchanged if the strength is below these values.

The next scheduled inspection is derived from the testing result:

For ORATEX® 6000 tested to more than 900N/50mm after 5

years, otherwise 2 years.

For ORATEX® UL600MK3 tested to more than 635N/50mm after

5 years, otherwise 2 years.

For the test a sample piece of fabric minimum 70mm in spanwise

direction and minimum 220 mm in cordwise direction has to be cut

from the upper wing surface and supplied to AD&C for testing. The

cord- and spanwise direction, the airplane type and serial number as

well as date and location of the sample shall be marked on the

sample.

NOTE AD&C is developing a non destructive test method. Prior taking a

sample as described check with AD&C for potential other approved

options.

NOTE The commercial available 'Maule Fabric tester' has NOT been shown to

yield correct results with the ORATEX® covering.





05 Inspection and Maintenance

05-10 Time limits and inspection program

The time limits and inspection program of the respective airplane type

remain valid.

05-20 Scheduled maintenance

Scheduled Inspection as

specified 100h Annual

Flight check: Observe all in flight visible wing cover

carefully in flight for anomalies, looseness or vibrations or

buffeting. All non visible surfaces are carefully to be

inspected after a dedicated flight that explores the

respective VNE of the airplane at bank angles approved for

the airplane.

X

Perform Bonding Check (22-55-08). X

Perform Fabric Tension Test (20-55-11). X

If blisters, bumps or bubbles are present cut open the

respective area and inspect for underlying corrosion

(optical using a magnification of 10) and moisture. Repair

as required according airplane manufacturer information.

Patch up the area with ORATEX® thereafter.

X

Apply ORATEX® Wax on the complete fabric surface.

Refer to Chapter 03-02.

X 6

6 After each fabric attachment and then recommended every 3 months





05-50 Unscheduled maintenance

After extreme meteorological conditions perform Bonding Check (22-

55-08) and Fabric Tension Test (20-55-11).





20 Standard Practices-Airframe

20-51 General Preparations

Delivery Criteria

When re-coating an airplane with fabric one must be aware that the

fabric is the means to transmit all lifting surfaces forces to the

airframe. Thus it serves an essential, safety critical function.

Nevertheless the fabric is 'just' a material and no part for which a POA

manufacturer issues a form ONE.

LANITZ-PRENA FOLIEN FACTORY GmbH, Leipzig, Germany,

exercises stringent quality control. Usage of the material is only

permissible if the installer checks:

that the delivered good batch numbers (on package, respectively

roller stamp on ORATEX® base material) corresponds to the batch

listed in the delivery papers and the accompanying certificates.

that the following quality criteria are met by the actual values listed in

the accompanying delivery papers.

Material Prüfmerkmal

(Test quality)

Einheit

(Unit)

Sollwert (Nominal

value)

ADxC-51-DDP-001

ORATEX® 6000

Flächengewicht (Grammage)

g/m² 148 - 162*

Schrumpf –K (Shrinkage, warp)

% 9,0 – 13,0

Schrumpf –S (Shrinkage, weft)

% 9,0 – 13,0

Höchstzugkraft-K (Max. pulling force, warp)

N/50mm 1300 - 1600

Höchstzugkraft-S (Max. pulling force, weft)

N/50mm 1100 - 1400

Höchstzugkraftdehnung-K (Max. pulling force elongation, warp)

% 12,0 – 20,0

Höchstzugkraftdehnung-S (Max. pulling force elongation, weft)

% 11,0 – 19,0

Weiterreißkraft-K, geschrumpft (Tear propagation force, warp, shrunk)

N 26 - 30

Weiterreißkraft-S, geschrumpft (Tear propagation force, weft, shrunk)

N 28 - 32

Chemische Beständigkeit (Chemical durability)

i.O./n.i.O. (ok/not ok)

i.O.





Material Prüfmerkmal

(Test quality)

Einheit

(Unit)

Sollwert (Nominal

value)

ADxC-51-DDP-001

ORATEX® rib bracing tape


g/m² 148 - 162*


% 10,0 – 13,0


N/25 mm 800 - 900


% 12,0 – 20,0



i.O.

ADxC-51-DDP-002

ORATEX® UL600MK3


g/m² 97 - 122*


% 8,0 – 12,0

Schrumpf –S (Shrinkage, weft)

% 8,0 – 12,0


N/50mm 850 - 1150

Höchstzugkraft-S (Max. pulling force, weft)

N/50mm 700 - 900


% 12,0 – 20,0

Höchstzugkraftdehnung-S (Max. pulling force elongation, weft)

% 11,0 – 19,0

Weiterreißkraft-K, geschrumpft (Tear propagation force, warp, shrunk)

N 20 -24

Weiterreißkraft-S, geschrumpft (Tear propagation force, weft, shrunk)

N 18 - 22



i.O.

ADxC-51-DDP-003

ORATEX® DISPERSION HOTMELT

ADHESIVE (premixed)

Auslaufzeit (Flow time)

s 21,0 – 27,0

Feststoffgehalt (Solid content)

% 44,0 – 52,0

Dichte (Density)

g/cm³ 1,03 – 1,08

Farbton u. ungel.Teile (Color and undissolved particles)


i.O.

Klebkraft (Adhesiveness)

N/25 mm 8,0 – 22,0

* Area weight range also accounts for various colors

For all other ORATEX® system materials listed in Chapter 03 the

safety criticality does not warrant a formal need for specific checks.





Trial Attachment and Bonding Check

A leading cause for a faulty bonding is the non-observation of the

ORATEX® adhesive storage instruction especially where temperature

is concerned.

To ensure materials are in good condition and to test your skill in

handling these materials, perform the following trial bonding as

outlined in the figure below:

▶ Attach a 25 mm wide fabric strip to a substrate that equals the

aircraft structure. Refer to Chapter 20-55 Fabric Application. The

adhesive area shall be 150 mm long.

▶ Pull the free end of the fabric strip with a weight of 1.3 kg (2.9 lb) in

an angle of minimum 90°.

The bonding must carry this weight. If it doesn’t: Check materials and

attaching procedure. Repeat the trial bonding.

▶ Increase the weight until fabric strip starts to be ripped off and

immediately reduce the weight to 1.3 kg (2.9 lb).

The bonding must again carry this weight. If it doesn’t: Check

materials and attaching procedure. Repeat the trial bonding.

▶ Repeat last step several times.

1.3 kg ( 2.9 lb)

150 mm

25 mm

Minimum 90°





Skill Development

It is advisable to start with a simple small wooden frame to learn

handling the materials and tools. Then begin with smaller aircraft

parts such as stabilizers or control surfaces before applying fabric to

the wing or the fuselage.

Ambient Temperature

For the correct application an according ambient temperature is

necessary. Even the products can be used above 5 °C, we strongly

recommend an ambient operational temperature of minimum 15 °C. It

is difficult to work with cold hands and fingers. Also the drying times

will be extremely extended at cold temperatures.

20-52 Structure Preparation

All old adhesive and dope remnants have to be removed from the

structure to enable the ORATEX® Dispersion Hotmelt Adhesive to

bond with the structure thoroughly.

DANGER Explosion hazard due to abrasive dust and solvent vapors.

▶ Remove adhesive and dope only in explosion proof rooms with

exhaustion device.

WARNING Poisoning hazard due to abrasive dust and solvent vapors.

Thinners of approved dope and adhesive are poisonous and

carcinogenic.

▶ Wear externally ventilated protective clothing, protective goggles,

chemical resistant gloves and respiratory mask when removing

adhesive and dope.

▶ Remove old fabric, adhesive and covering following the procedures

and safety instructions of the respective manufacturers.

▶ Debur the structure members.

Steel or Aluminum Structures

▶ Clean surfaces with ORATEX® degreaser.

Anodized structures do not need further treatment.





NOTICE Risk of destroying the protective anodized layer.

▶ Never sand or roughen anodized structures.

▶ Apply anticorrosive coating, e.g. ORATEX® wash primer, to non-

anodized structures as per manufacturer’s security and data sheet.

Wood Structures

IMPORTANT Do not apply any solvents after roughing the surface. The suction

effect of the wooden structure could reduce the carrying capacity of

the surface. Always work in the order outlined below:

▶ Clean, degrease and impregnate wood structures with standard

solvents as per manufacturer’s security and data sheet.

▶ Rough the surface with P120 sandpaper.

Composite Structures

▶ Remove form release agent where necessary and/or clean with

standard solvents as per manufacturer’s security and data sheet.

▶ Rough the surface with P120 sandpaper.

Further Treatment

▶ After sanding clean the structure by means of a vacuum cleaner. Use a

suitably equipped dust collection vacuum unit with necessary filters.

▶ Pad sharp edges and framework nodes with ORATEX®UL600

straight edge reinforcing tape. Attach several layers if necessary.

▶ Cover the area by attaching a final patch.

20-52-01 Inter-rib Bracing

For inter-rib bracing ORATEX® rib bracing tape is used.

Inter-rib bracing is required whenever this is specified by the aircraft

manufacturer. He also prescribes where and how inter-rib bracing has

to be done.

If no aircraft manufacturer information is available, refer to AC43.13-

1B § 2-6 for general information.





Observe the following additional rules:

Attach the bracing tapes to the ribs as outlined in the Fabric

Application Section.

Heat-tighten the loop areas of the bracing tape as necessary to

receive an even tension. Use a heat gun. Also refer to the 20-55-10

Heat Tightening Section.

Heat-tighten the complete bracing tape at 130 °C (266 °F) using a

heat gun.

Speed = heated area/5 sec

Make sure that the tension on the rib bracing is built up uniform

cordwise as well as spanwise.

In the later attaching process the fabric must also be bonded to those

areas, where it is in contact with the bracing tapes. So adhesive must

be applied to both the bracing tape and the fabric in the contact

areas. Also refer to Chapter 20-55-02 Adhesive Application

20-53 Principles of Fabric Application

One of the main concerns in fabric application is to avoid peeling off

the fabric by air forces in flight.

For that reason observe the following principles:

Ensure that adhesive areas on the fabric edges and overlaps have a

minimum width of 5 cm. Overlaps on leading and trailing edges shall

inter-rib bracing tape

apply adhesive





reach from the up side to the bottom side and vice versa. Ensure that

surface seams are placed on the bottom side only.

Wherever possible the fabric must be applied as a complete envelope

with only one overlap of minimum 5 cm. The overlap shall be placed

on the trailing edge (up side and bottom side 2.5 cm).

overlap/edge

overlap/edge

5 cm

5 cm

2.5 cm

2.5 cm

2.5 cm

2.5 cm

5 cm

5 cm

edge

edge

seams

overlap 2.5 cm

2.5 cm





The overlap can also be placed on the leading edge, which is

advisable e.g. for control surfaces in the lee side of the wing or

stabilizer.

IMPORTANT The ORATEX® system is NOT approved for traditional partial

coverage of a surface. The only approved application is 'all around' as

described in the following.

Where a complete envelope is not possible apply the fabric in two (or

more) separate layers. One on each side of the structure. In this case

the fabric must always be attached to the leading edge and must

reach to the trailing edge without interruption. Attachments and

overlaps must be minimum 5 cm and reach from one structure side to

the other (min. 2.5 cm each side).

overlap

overlap

overlap

5 cm

2.5 cm

2.5 cm





Overlaps on tube structures must have a minimum width of 5 cm. The

overlap must reach min. 2.5 cm to the bottom side.

On fuselage structures the overlap must have minimum width of

5 cm. The overlap must reach min. 2.5 cm to the other side.

Never place a seam into the air flow except on trailing edge. Span-

wise seams must be on the lee side. Seams in air flow direction are

not critical.

5 cm

2.5 cm

5 cm

2.5 cm

airflow

wrong right





Place an ORATEX®UL600 reinforcing tape (straight edge or pinked

edge) over each seam independent of the seam orientation.

Exceptions are seams next to the trailing edge.

Attach an additional wide ORATEX®UL600 reinforcing tape (straight

edge or pinked edge) to the leading edge to avoid damage to fabric

by impacting particles. This layer is sacrificial and can be replaced in

case of need.

In areas where support is given by underlying surface structure

(plywood or metal) and which are more than 5 cm away from

unsupported areas a minimum overlap width is not prescribed.

20-54 Attachment of Fabric

Generally the fabric must be attached to the structure or an existing

fabric layer wherever there are areas of contact with it. These can be

for example the leading edge, ribs, spars, trailing edge, skins,

longerons etc.

Special fastenings prescribed by the aircraft manufacturer can be an

exception to this proposition. For example, if the fabric partly has to

be fastened by clamping.

In addition to the contact areas, the fabric must be attached to the

structure as follows:

reinforcing tape (light grade)

straight edge or pinked edge

seam





20-54-01 Tubes

When fabric has to be attached to tubes, observe the following:

▶ Where possible, attach the bottom fabric layer making a 630° loop

(e.g. on straight leading edge tubes), as outlined in the following

Typical Attachment with a 630° Loop paragraph.

▶ Where a 630° loop is not possible, attach the bottom fabric layer

making a 270° loop around the tube.

▶ Attach the outer fabric layer with an overlap of min. 5 cm. The overlap

must reach min. 2.5 cm to the other/bottom side.

Typical Attachment with a 630° Loop

▶ Place the structure part with the side to be covered downward on the

working surface.

▶ Place the fabric with the inner side (adhesive side) up on the working

surface.

▶ Cut out "U" shaped recess clearings for the ribs with a length

according to the winding length around the leading edge tube.

leading edge tube trailing edge or side tube

270° 630°

min. 5 cm

2.5 cm 2.5 cm

min. 5 cm





By doing so you have produced flaps.

▶ Place the fabric with the inner side (adhesive side) up on the structure

part.

▶ Place the flaps under the leading edge tube.

Flap

Recess clearing





▶ Attach the flaps to the leading edge tube by making a 270° loop.

▶ Apply adhesive as per Chapter 20-55-02 Adhesive Application to the

outside of the fabric in the leading edge tube area up to the lowest

point of the leading edge.

▶ Let dry the adhesive.

270° loop





▶ Loop the fabric around the coated area of the leading edge tube.

▶ Attach the fabric to the leading edge tube.

▶ Attach the fabric to the ribs.

630° loop





▶ Cut out "U" shaped recess clearings for the ribs with a length

according to the winding length around the trailing edge tube.

▶ Attach the fabric to the trailing edge tube making a 270° loop.

Recess clearing

270° loop





For such an attachment additional fabric is necessary. Calculate the

margin for the pre-cut depending on the tube diameter using the

following formula:

Example: tube diameter 2 cm, 270° loop (75% of complete loop):

∏ x Ø x 75% = 3.14 x 2 cm x 0.75 = 4.7 cm

Example: tube diameter 5 cm, 630° loop (175% of complete loop):

∏ x Ø x 175% = 3.14 x 5 cm x 1.75 = 27.5 cm

Example: tube diameter 2 cm, overlap (50% of complete loop +

2.5 cm):

∏ x Ø x 50% + 2.5 cm= 3.14 x 2 cm x 0.5 + 2.5 cm = 5.64 cm





Typical Steel Tube Design

The following figure shows fabric attachment on a typical steel tube

frame with shape strips.

5 cm

overlap 5 cm

5 cm

overlapoverlap

shape strips

270° loop 270° loop

270° loop





It is advisable to attach a sacrificial tape from ORATEX®UL600

straight edge or pinked edge reinforcing tape in vulnerable areas

(prone to stone nicks etc.) for easy exchange after damage.

Tubes with Handle

On tubes with handle or similar, mounting slits must be cut into the

fabric so that they are perpendicular to the tube, to make 270°

attachment loops possible. Never make slits parallel to the tube.

Fabric embedded elements

Where possible embedded elements such as reinforcements for glider

air tow or winch launch release hook openings the fabric shall be

sacrificial tape

270° loop





bonded from both sides such that the accumulated minimum bond

width is 5 cm.

20-54-02 Convex Curved Areas and Edges

Such areas are for example

curved wing tip bows

the outside of a curved tube

surface to root rib edge

During fabric application to those areas it is necessary to tension and

to shrink the fabric at the same time. Consider to provide an

additional margin of min. 25 cm for the pre-cut, which allows holding

the fabric in the later tensioning and shrinking process. The

additional margin also allows keeping the hand away from the hot

airflow of the heat gun.

reinforcement 2,5 cm

2,5 cm

2,5 cm

2,5 cm

25 cm





NOTICE Risk of adhesive cohesion failure when applying temperatures above

150 °C (302 °F).

▶ Do not apply heat longer than 5 seconds to a fabric area.

▶ Apply adhesive after shrinking process is completed if applicable.

▶ Where shrinking is not sufficient to avoid wrinkling incise the fabric to

get conical strips. The strips must not be narrower than a third of the

curve radius. Avoid overlaps by triangle shaped strips. The strip

length shall be min. 2.5 cm and shall not be longer than the curve

radius. In any case the adhesive area must have a width of 5 cm.

Ensure that the incisions do not come up to the areas of airflow.

▶ Cover the area of strips by attaching an additional fabric layer 2 mm

narrower than the area.

2.5 cm

5 cm adhesive area





20-54-03 Concave Curved Areas and Edges

Such areas are for example:

the inside of a curved tube

wheel bays

▶ Where the fabric cannot be stretched as necessary, incise the fabric.

▶ On curved parts several slits may be necessary to get strips. The

strips must not be narrower than a third of the curve radius. The strip

length shall be min. 2.5 cm and shall not be longer than the curve

radius. In any case the adhesive area must have a width of 5 cm.

▶ Ensure that the incisions do not come up to the areas of airflow.

▶ Cover the inner surfaces with an additional fabric layer. The fabric

must be about 2 mm narrower than the respective surface.

2.5 cm adhesive area 5 cm





20-54-04 Corners

Such areas are for example:

aileron or flap recesses

box-shaped openings

Standard Procedure

▶ Cover the inner surfaces with an additional fabric layer.

▶ Make cuts on the bottom fabric layer.

cut





▶ Attach the margins to the inner surfaces.

▶ Proceed in the same manner for the top fabric layer.





▶ Attach a small fabric layer patch to each corner.

Alternative Procedure

▶ Attach fabric layer patches to the corners as shown below. These

patches must have the height of the wing structure in the respective

areas.

patch

5 cm 5 cm





▶ Make cuts on the bottom fabric layer.

▶ Attach the margins to the inner surfaces.

▶ Proceed in the same manner for the top fabric layer.

20-54-05 Seams and Overlaps

For proper applying seams and overlaps proceed as follows:

▶ Provide sufficient fabric for the seam/overlap plus some excess

length (consider 5cm), which will be cut later.

▶ Clean the previously attached layer in the area of the seam/overlap

with ORATEX® degreaser according to instructions.

cut





▶ Mark the line, where the seam/overlap shall end, with small dots from

a small HB pencil on the surface.

NOTE Do not touch the cleaned surface.

The following step can be done with felt blade. The dots have to stay

visible and will later on be hidden by the seam/overlap.

▶ Apply ORATEX® fixing tape parallel to the marked dots by pressing

down thoroughly.





▶ Apply adhesive to the previously attached layer in the area of

seam/overlap.

▶ Apply adhesive to the seam/overlap.

▶ Let the adhesive dry.

▶ Iron on the seam/overlap up to a line of 5 mm below the fixing tape.

▶ To receive a proper mark for a cutting line, fold the seam/overlap

back by 180° at a line 1 mm below the fixing tape and press firmly.

▶ Cut off the excessive material at this mark.

▶ Remove the fixing tape.

▶ Iron the final 5 mm of the seam/overlap thoroughly onto the surface





20-55 Fabric Application

The complete fabric application process consists of the following

steps:

Fabric pre-cut

Adhesive application to the structure

Adhesive application to the fabric

Adhesive drying

Positioning

Fabric attachment

Heat tightening of fabric

Generally the steps are to be performed in the order shown above.

However in some cases the order must be changed; the following are

examples for those exceptions:

Sometimes it is necessary to shrink the fabric before adhesive

application e. g. if it is not possible to attach the fabric while or

immediately after shrinking.

In some cases the exact contact areas of fabric and structure are not

known before other parts of fabric are already attached. The

application of adhesive to the fabric and another drying and fabric

attachment process must then be performed later.

20-55-01 Fabric Pre-cut

The procedure to get the right pre-cut for the fabric consists of three

steps:

copy the contour of the structure to the inside of the fabric

add margins for attachments and overlaps

add excess for holding and tensioning the fabric during the

attachment process.

▶ Transfer the structure contour on the inner (texture) side of the fabric

by lightly tracing with a lead pencil type HB.

For copying the contour of shallow parts like a wing, stabilizer or

control surface, roll out the fabric on a table, inner (texture) side up,

and place the part on it. Mark all contact areas of the fabric with the

part lightly with a lead pencil type HB.





Alternatively, on symmetrical structure parts, you can place the fabric

mirror inverted with the top side down on the opposite structure part.

In this case potential production tolerances left/right need to be

accounted for. To avoid wrinkles in the fabric, put it in place by rolling

it off the roll.

NOTICE Damage or unintended tightening of the fabric due to heat of work

light.

▶ Ensure sufficient distance of the work lamp to the fabric with the aid

of an IR thermometer.

▶ Use an LED light if possible.

▶ Position a protected work light with sufficient power under the

structure. This illumination will show the structure contour from the

bottom side, which then can be easily traced.

▶ When you intend to make a complete envelope, pivot the part on one

edge and continue marking the contact areas.

For copying the contour of bulky parts like a fuselage, pre-attach the

fabric with fixing tape for ORATEX® to the part and then mark the

contact areas.

▶ Mark margins for attachments and overlaps.

▶ Mark a reserve of about 2.5 cm.

▶ Mark additional excess (25 cm) to be able to tension the fabric while

attaching, or if space for holding the fabric is desirable.

If a serial production shall be established, a template can be made at

this particular time.





▶ Cut the fabric along the new outer line (pre-cut line).

▶ Make the final cuts and the slits just before attaching the respective

fabric areas.

20-55-02 Adhesive Application

To prevent grease from being transferred from your hands to the

airframe and covering, clean hands are essential, but you should not

use hand cleaners, soaps, hand creams etc. that contain moisturizers,

oil or grease. They are protective for your skin but these substances

can be easily transferred to any surface just by touching them, also

critically to both the bottom and surface of the covering.

It is essential to remove these finger marks before you start

application of adhesive. Otherwise, an optimal bond between fabric

and airframe cannot be guaranteed.

Furthermore, before the adhesive is applied, you must ensure that the

structure to be covered and the covering to be applied are completely

free of dust and particles. Failure to do so will result in their

incorporation into the adhesive film and they will show up after the

ironing process as irregularities and affect the bond strength.

Use the special brush for ORATEX® dispersion hotmelt adhesive.

When using other brushes, the adhesive could dry in the brush and

form small particles, which would derange the surface.

structure contour

margin

margin

excess

pre-cut line

25 cm

reserve

reserve





Apply adhesive to the contact areas on both the structure (or an

existing fabric layer or bracing tape) and the inner (matter) side of the

new fabric including its margins for attachments and overlaps. Apply

adhesive on the fabric 2.5 cm wider than necessary to have some

reserve when positioning the fabric to the structure.

The adhesive must form a thin cohesive film. Visually check the

integrity of the coating: the surface must look glittery. If you detect

any uncoated (mat) areas, complete the adhesive coat.

NOTE Absorptive ground (such as wooden structure) generally requires

more adhesive. One or more additional adhesive applications will be

necessary to receive a thin cohesive film. This is extremely vital with

moisture absorbing tropical wood, such as Okoume, as this kind of

wood will completely absorb the first adhesive layer. For this reason

we recommend minimum two adhesive applications on all surfaces.

That means minimum two layers onto the structure and minimum two

layers onto the fabric.

Where Type Design does not require stitching or other mechanical

interface on areas less than 50 mm wide, the adhesive must be

applied at least twice on each bonding surface (also in case of metal

ribs etc.).

Generally it is advisable to apply adhesive to the fabric before placing

it to the structure.

structure contour

2.5

cm

adhesive

applied





However in the following cases the adhesive must be applied to the

fabric, when parts of it already attached:

If fabric has to be shrunk prior to adhesive application

If contact areas are not exactly known before

Apply adhesive to these areas later but make sure you give sufficient

drying time allowance.

20-55-03 Adhesive Drying

Drying depends on temperature, humidity and coat thickness. Check

with your fingertips if the coat is dry. If you are in doubt a drying time

of 12 hours is recommended to achieve a safe bonding quality.

Temperatures above 50 °C (122 °F) will initiate the hardening process

of the glue and make the coat useless.

You can accelerate the drying process with warm air. Do not use air

temperatures for drying above 30 °C (86 °F) in order to have a save

margin to the temperature at which the invisible hardening process

starts.

20-55-04 Positioning

▶ Position the fabric on the structure. Ensure that the adhesive surfaces

match.

During the whole positioning process is advisable, that helping

persons hold the fabric in place while tensioning it. The tension you

can apply to the fabric in this phase of application will produce a

reserve for the later shrinking process. Avoid unnecessary bumps and

waves.

▶ Provisionally fix the fabric at several points using a heat gun with a

felt scraper. Provisionally fixing shall be done with a relative short

residence time at a temperature of 50 °C (122 °F).

Move the heat gun in the following speed. The speed is relative to the

diameter of heated area:

Speed = diameter of heated area/2 sec

This technique allows later slight adjustment (several mm) by sliding

the fabric over the structure when then heated to 90 °C (194 °F);





however the fabric must not be released from the structure. If this

should be necessary, apply new adhesive and await the drying

process.

Begin the provisional fixing process on critical areas and then work to

the easier areas. Generally it is advisable to begin in the centre of the

area and then to work to the outside to minimise alignment mistakes.

NOTICE Never re-position the fabric, while the adhesive is cold. This could

result in tearing of wooden fibres from the structure.

▶ Always heat the adhesive before re-positioning the fabric.

20-55-05 Attaching the Fabric

The attachment of fabric must be performed in two passes. Each pass

is done with its own tool. The change of tool increases the liability of

bonding.

For the first pass use

a heat gun in combination with an ORATEX® felt blade or

a heat gun while manually tightening the fabric

These practices allow easy change of temperature and size of heated

area by distance. This is advantageous if fabric has to be shrunk while

attaching. The use of a felt blade is flexible when applying fabric to

grooves, crimps, inner edges or corners. This is also used to press the

fabric tight onto the surface and to push trapped air out of the joint.

For the second pass use

an ORATEX® iron

This practice allows higher control of load and residence time. It

makes it also easier to maintain a scheme.

After each pass all seams have to be consolidated with the use of the

press roll while they are hot. Special care must be taken to avoid the

possible trapping of air. Also small wrinkles can be worked out easily

by means of the press roll.





Using a Heat Gun in Combination with an ORATEX® Felt

Blade

Hold the heat gun in the distance necessary to apply the desired

temperature.

Follow the heated area with the felt blade while applying pressure of

3 kg (6.6 lb). To get a feeling for the correct pressure, check the

weight prior to work on a scale.

To meet the necessary residence time, move the heat gun in a certain

speed. The speed is relative to the diameter of heated area:


After application of heat and when used in grooves, crimps, inner

edges or corners, keep the felt scraper in place for min. 20 sec. until

adhesive has cooled down.

heat gun

heated area

5 sec

speed = width of heated area

5 sec.





NOTICE Structure damage may occur due to high temperatures.

▶ Observe the temperature limits of the underlying material.

▶ Cover the underlying material with corrogated cardboard if applicable.

If fabric shrinking is necessary during attachment increase the

temperature to max. 200 °C (392 °F). When the required shrinking has

been reached a final 10 sec process of 90 °C (194 °F) shall be

executed.

Using a Heat Gun while Tightening the Fabric

Follow this procedure when applying fabric to convex curved areas

(such as wing tips, curved tubes etc.).

To apply sufficient pressure, tighten the fabric over the convex curved

areas while heating the fabric.

NOTICE Structure damage may occur due to high temperatures. The

temperature limits of the underlying material must be observed.

▶ Cover the underlying material with corrogated cardboard if applicable.

▶ Hold the heat gun in the distance necessary to apply the desired

temperature.

Usually the temperature is higher than 90 °C (194 °F) to initiate

shrinking [Max. 200 °C (392 °F)].

NOTE After application of heat, always hold the tension of fabric for min.

20 sec. until adhesive has cooled down.

Using an Iron

During ironing apply pressure to the fabric by the iron weight in

combination with your forearm weight. To get a feeling for the correct

pressure, check the weight prior to work with a cold iron on a scale.

To meet the necessary residence time, move the iron with a certain

speed. The speed is relative to the iron length or width:





Speed = iron length or width/10 sec

When ironing, always place silicon paper between the fabric and the

iron to avoid scratches or iron marks on the fabric. The glossy side of

the silicon paper faces the fabric.

20-55-06 Blisters and Bumps

Sometimes blisters and bumps can arise when attaching fabric to air-

tight (in particular metallic) ground.

When applying the fabric, trapped air can be worked out by means of

the heat gun and the felt blade.

If the cause is a non-homogeneously applied adhesive layer, it is well

possible to melt it even, using the iron and silicon paper. In that case,

the heat of the iron is increased to 140 °C (284 °F) and pressure is

applied. Residence time: approx. 10 seconds.

If trapped air cannot be worked out perform the following:

▶ Stick a hole with a fine needle into the blister or bump to let air

escape.

▶ Heat tighten the area of blister or bump as applicable (refer to

Chapter 20-55-10 Heat Tightening).

▶ Attach the area of blister/bump as per Chapter 20-55-05 Attaching

the Fabric.

heated area

heated area

10 sec

10 sec

speed =

speed =

length of heated area

width of heated area

10 sec.

10 sec.

iron

iron





20-55-07 Attaching Reinforcing Tape

▶ Before applying the reinforcing tapes to the airframe in the required

areas, those areas must be cleaned with the ORATEX® Degreaser.

CAUTION Burns possible due to high temperature.

▶ Use security gloves against the high temperatures where necessary.

▶ Attach reinforcing tapes at 90 °C (194 °F) first pass and 120 °C (248 °F)

second pass using the same practices as outlined in Section 20-55-

05 Attaching the Fabric.

Due to the small areas it may be advisable to perform the first pass

also with the iron.

20-55-08 Bonding Check

This check is not a strength test. The fabric shall only be slightly lifted

to be able to distinguish between bonded and non-bonded areas. The

edge visible when lifting must match the structure edge.

▶ Lift the fabric in a field between ribs with a vacuum cleaner. Place the

vacuum cleaner in the centre of the field for general inspection, closer

to the respective edge for specific inspection.

vacuum cleaner

edge





▶ Check the integrity of the bonding at the field edge. No delamination

allowed.

▶ If delamination is detected, cut out the delaminated area and repair as

per Section 51-75-01 Repair of Fabric ("wet repair").

20-55-09 Lacing

Lacing is required whenever this is specified by the aircraft

manufacturer. He also prescribes where and how (with which kind of

knots) lacing has to be done.

If no aircraft manufacturer information is available, refer to AC43.13-

1B § 2-10 for general information. On gliders certificated by BVS at

least convex areas must be laced.

Lacing is also required wherever the contact of fabric with the

structure is without pressure. For example: on even planes of a tube

structure.

good not good

vacuum cleaner

lacing





The strength of the lacing cord has to be tested for each roll used.

For the test a loop of the lacing is made with one knot and put under

tension up to rupture. The load introduction elements may not be

sharp edged (min d=5mm). Braking force may not be less than

36.3 kg (80 lb).

Perform the following additional steps:

▶ Prior to lacing attach ORATEX®6000 straight edge or pinked edge

reinforcing tape to the lacing areas. The tape must not be wider than

the ribs. No holes for lacing are allowed in this tape.

NOTE It is important, that holes are melted by the radiation heat of the tip

of the soldering iron, not by touching the fabric with the hot metal of

the tip.

▶ Melt the holes for lacing through the fabric by using the tip of a hot

soldering iron.

▶ After lacing apply ORATEX® DISPERSION HOTMELT ADHESIVE to the

lacing area in the width of later final reinforcing tape (when using

pinked edge tape except teeth) to obtain a reliable bonding of lacing

min. 5 mm

36.3 kg ( 80 lb)





cords and tapes. Mask the edges with fixing tape for ORATEX®.

Remove tape after adhesive application.

lacing cordreinforcing

tapereinforcing

tape

additionaladhesive

additionaladhesive

additionaladhesive

additionaladhesive

final reinforcing tape






NOTE The final reinforcing tape must always reach from the leading edge to

the trailing edge as shown in the following samples:

▶ Apply final ORATEX®UL600 straight edge or pinked edge

reinforcing tape, 25 mm wider than the straight edge tape (Use next

bigger tape size). If placed in the prop wash the final reinforcing tape

must be 50 mm wider than the previously attached tape.

20-55-10 Heat Tightening

The fabric, where not bonded to the structure, must be tightened by

temperature and thus enabled to transfer aerodynamic forces to the

aircraft structure.

sacrificialleading edgelayer

overlap 5 cm

overlap 5 cm

overlap 5 cm

2.5 cm overlap

2.5 cm overlap

2.5 cm overlap

2.5 cm overlap

2.5 cm

lacing area

lacing area

lacing area










Depending on the shrinking requirements, heat tightening needs a

temperature between 110 °C (230 °F) and 190 °C (374 °F) applied for

min. 5 seconds (residence time).

To achieve an equal and durable tension, the fabric must be shrunk

all-over the tightening area. A punctual shrinking might let disappear

the bumps and waves, but on the less shrunk areas new bumps could

occur later. Use a scheme to ensure that the temperature is applied to

each point of the fabric very evenly.

NOTICE Ensure not to heat the bonded areas again. This could release the

bond and the structure could be damaged by the higher

temperatures.

Maximum temperature for composite material: 90 °C (194 °F)

Maximum temperature for wood: 180 °C (356 °F)

▶ Cover bonded or other endangered areas with thick corrogated

cardboard.

NOTICE Bending or other damage of filigree structure members (shape strips,

ribs, etc.) possible due to heat tightening forces.

▶ Apply heat carefully and evenly.

Always perform at least two passes on the unsupported fields:

Scheme samples





During the first pass (or passes) apply just as much heat as necessary

to let disappear all bumps and waves in the fabric. NOTE the used

temperature.

During the last pass apply 20 °C (36 °F) more heat than in the first

pass (or passes) to achieve an even fabric tension. However the

temperature must not exceed 190 °C (374 °F). For the last pass always

use an iron.

If after hours or days bumps or waves occur (mostly due to

inhomogeneous heating) an additional last pass can be performed

[+20 °C (36 °F), Max. 190 °C (374 °F)]. This is possible at any time; for

example if structure has shrunk in winter.

Heat tightening can be done by

using an iron

using a heat gun

using a radiant heater

Using an Iron

When ironing, always place silicon paper (glossy side faces fabric)

between the fabric and the iron to avoid scratches on the fabric. Work

without load on the fabric.

For the first pass adjust the iron to 130 °C (266 °F). Usually this should

even the surface. If not, increase temperature by 20 °C (36 °F).





Speed = iron length or width/5 sec

heated area

heated area

5 sec

5 sec

speed =

speed =

length of heated area

width of heated area

5 sec.

5 sec.

iron

iron





Using a Heat Gun or a Radiant Heater

Observe the following rules:

Begin at a large distance

Complete your scheme before reducing the distance

Never work punctually

Work in large movements


heat gun

heated area

5 sec

speed = diameter of heated area

5 sec





20-55-11 Fabric Tension Test

To check, if fabric tension is sufficient, perform the following:

▶ Press a finger with a weight of 3 kg (6.6 lb) to the centre of a fabric

field between ribs. (Check the weight prior to test on a scale).

At room temperature the fabric must completely recover (smooth and

tensioned) within 4 seconds after release. Otherwise perform further

Heat Tightening.

20-56 Reinforcements

20-56-01 Drain and Ventilation Holes

Install drain and ventilation holes, where prescribed by the aircraft

manufacturer.

▶ Melt a hole of 5 mm diameter through the fabric at the specified

location, sealing off the rim with a soldering iron.

If reinforcements at drain and ventilation holes are prescribed by the

manufacturer for this type of aircraft, proceed as follows:

▶ Prepare a patch from ORATEX®UL600 straight edge reinforcing tape

with a diameter of 5 cm using pinking shears.

▶ Attach the patch to the fabric at the specified location.

3 kg (6.6 lb)





▶ Melt a hole of 5 mm diameter in the center of the patch through both

layers sealing off the rim with a soldering iron.

20-56-02 Fairleads

▶ Reinforce the fabric in the area of fairleads and melt a hole as

outlined in Chapter 20-56-01 Drain and Ventilation Holes.

▶ Additionally attach 0.8 mm plywood rings or use aluminium plates

bolted against each other.

20-56-03 Inspection Openings

Install all inspection openings in correct size and location as defined

by the aircraft manufacturer.

Openings of the size used for inspections must have an overlap of

5 cm.

If the necessary materials and tools are available, the following

procedure also can be performed not before an inspection is

necessary.

▶ Melt a hole in the fabric as necessary using a soldering iron.

▶ Perform inspection (as applicable).

▶ Prepare a patch that allows an overlap of 5 cm using pinking shears.

▶ Attach the patch to the fabric.





▶ Make triangle shaped slits in the inspection opening area of the patch.

The stripes shall have a width of a third of opening diameter.

CAUTION Burns possible due to high temperature.

▶ Use security gloves against the high temperatures.

▶ Attach the stripes to the inside of the fabric. To do so, in contrast to

normal procedure, heat up the strips with the heat gun and press

them to the inside with your fingers.

20-56-04 Brackets

Reinforce each area, where slits had to be made in the fabric due to

penetrations of brackets or the like.

▶ Seal off the slit edges using a soldering iron.

▶ Prepare a reinforcing patch that allows an overlap of 5 cm using

pinking shears. You can make the patch from ORATEX®UL600

straight edge or pinked edge reinforcing tape.

▶ Repeat the slit and the sealing on the patch.

patch 5 cm





▶ Attach the patch to the fabric.

20-57 Removal of ORATEX® Fabric

Applying heat of more than 150 °C (302 °F) for more than 5 seconds

initiates a cohesion failure inside the adhesive. This is a precondition

for both the easy ripping off the fabric from the structure and the

easy removal of residual adhesive from the underlying structure with

ORATEX® Adhesive Remover.

On most composite structures an application of sufficient heat is not

possible due to structure temperature limits. Thus the removal

procedures differ depending on structure.

Removal from wooden or metallic structure

NOTICE Damage to wooden structure can occur when ripping off cold fabric.

▶ Always apply sufficient heat (minimum 10 seconds) to soften the

adhesive.

NOTICE Damage to the structure can occur by high temperatures.

▶ Observe the temperature limits of the structure.

▶ Apply heat using a heat gun or an iron and then rip off the fabric.





WARNING ORATEX® Adhesive Remover vapour can be harmful to health.


resistant gloves and respiratory mask when working with ORATEX®

Adhesive Remover

▶ Observe the instructions of the ORATEX® Adhesive Remover

security and data sheet.

▶ Remove adhesive remains using ORATEX® Adhesive Remover.


▶ Wear ventilated protective clothing, chemical resistant protective

goggles, and respiratory mask when working with solvents.


▶ Clean the surface using solvent.

Removal from composite structure

▶ Rip off the cold fabric.

DANGER Grinding dust can be explosive.

▶ Remove adhesive only in explosion proof rooms with exhaustion

device.

WARNING Grinding dust can be harmful to health.

▶ Wear ventilated protective clothing and respiratory mask when

working with in dusty conditions.

▶ Vacuum the dust while grinding.

▶ Use an explosion proof vacuum cleaner.

▶ Remove adhesive remains by grinding.



resistant gloves and respiratory mask when working with solvents.


▶ Clean the surface using solvent.

20-58 Coating

For top coating on ORATEX® materials only ORACOLOR® products

are allowed. The materials are to be used with standard practises.





51 Standard Practices Structure

51-70 Repair

The ORATEX® fabric system knows two types of repair: Wet repair

and dry repair. The dry repair is by means of a self adhesive patch

with very limited application approval.

51-75-01 Repair of Fabric ("wet repair")

Smaller damage to the fabric (maximum 150 mm in any direction) can

be repaired by attaching a patch with an overlap of 5 cm.

If damage makes it necessary to renew the fabric on a complete field

between two ribs, the following applies:

The new fabric layer must always be attached to the leading edge and

must reach to the trailing edge without interruption.

The new fabric layer must have overlaps of min. 5 cm on the edges.

Lacing the new fabric layer to the ribs is required.

Small Damage

▶ Cut out damaged fabric.





▶ Seal off the edges of the damaged area using the radiant heat of a

soldering iron.

▶ If surface is lacquered, clean the surface with ORATEX® degreaser

▶ Rough the surface of later adhesive area with P240 sandpaper.

▶ Apply the ORATEX® degreaser for a second time.

NOTE ORATEX® surfaces (if not additionally lacquered) shall only be

cleaned with ORATEX® degreaser.

▶ Prepare a patch that allows an overlap of 5 cm using pinking shears.

▶ Attach the patch to the damaged area.

▶ Perform Heat Tightening.

5 cm





Renewal of a Complete Field between Ribs

▶ Cut out damaged fabric.

▶ Seal off the edges of the damaged area using the radiant heat of a

soldering iron.






▶ Prepare a patch that allows an overlap of 5 cm and that reaches from

leading to trailing edge. Use pinking shears.

▶ Attach the patch to the damaged area.

▶ Remove old reinforcing tape if necessary.

▶ Perform Lacing. If the old fabric is already laced add a second seam.

▶ Perform Heat Tightening.

51-75-02 Repair of Fabric ("dry repair")

This repair is a minor repair using self-adhesive "ORATEX® dry

repair sheet (A4)".

The following limits are applicable for repair in areas of unsupported

damaged fabric (rib field). For repair of top coat damage without

fracture of the underlying fabric no specific limitations apply.

The same holds true for repair of fabric in areas of underlying

structural surface as long as the underlying structure itself is

undamaged (for instance fabric covered plywood fuselage or wing

leading edge).





Limits of Repair Application

Maximum damage size: 40mm

Damage not extending over ribs or other structure.

Only one (1) repair can be performed on the same covering rib field.

Any damage to supporting structure (ribs, spar, seams etc.)

invalidates this standard minor repair. In case of doubt contact AD&C.

Approved underlying fabric:

General according to: (E)TSOC14b;

AMS3804c;

AMS3802

Product designations: ORATEX® UL600MK3

Ceconite 102 ‚uncertified‘

Diatex 1500

Cotton fabric LN9121 100g/m²

Maximum approved airplane never

exceed speed VNE

260km/h;

140kts;

161mph

Wing loading maximum 44kg/m²

9lbs/ft²

The installer is responsible that all limitations of the application are

adhered to.

Parts, Tooling or Material Required

ORATEX® Repair-Sheet

(A4)

18-xxx-A4

(xxx = Color code, see 03-01Materials)

ORATEX® cleaner 08200, 08201, 08220

ORATEX® degreaser 08245, 08246, 08247

Heat-gun 0949

Felt blade 0915, 0948

Sealing iron 08420

Instructions

▶ Make sure the airplane and the damage is eligible for this repair type

(limitations above)

▶ Airplane must be listed in chapter 90 as approved.





▶ Make sure the available repair material shelf life as marked on the

package is not expired (three years).

▶ Make sure the ambient temperature is minimum 20°C.

▶ Cut out damaged fabric (maximum 40mm in any direction).

▶ Seal the edges of the damaged area using radiated heat of a soldering

iron (not on cotton fabric covers). Avoid direct contact of the

soldering iron with the surface.

▶ Clean the repair area using ORATEX® cleaner.

▶ Degrease the surface using ORATEX® degreaser7.

These are two independent mandatory process steps.




7 For detailed information concerning cleaning and degreasing refer to Chapter 03-01 Materials







▶ After sanding the surface repeat the process of degreasing.

▶ Cut the repair patch circular according to the damage size with an

overlap of minimum 80 mm, preferably using pinked edge scissors.

Where no such tool is available make sure to round off the corners of

the patch.

▶ Where 80 mm overlap are not possible due to proximity of a

structural end, make sure to have at least 50 mm patch material

extending over the respective edge.

▶ Mark the position of the patch on the surface using a soft pencil

(grade HB).





IMPORTANT Do not apply the patch in environmental temperature conditions

below 20°C.

IMPORTANT Never touch the adhesive side of the patch.

▶ Therefore separate the patch and the backing paper using adhesive

film tape after positioning the patch on the surface.

▶ Fold the backing paper back and remove the first half.

▶ Press the patch on using a felt blade.





▶ Apply the second half while removing the reminder of the backing

paper.

The final adhesive strength is gained by temperature application of

80 °C for at least 30 sec at any given point.

IMPORTANT A temperature regulation on the heat gun is mandatory

IMPORTANT Make sure to not exceed this temperature at this stage. Otherwise the

ORATEX® material starts to shrink before the adhesive strength is

reached. To cross check the temperature you determine the

adjustment needed to start the shrinking process. This is the case at

100 °C.

▶ Set the heat gun to 80°C.

▶ Move the heat gun very slowly over the area of the adhesive bond at

a speed not exceeding 50mm/30sec to ensure complete heat up. The

distance of the heat nozzle to the fabric shall be 5 to 10mm. During

this process press the patch repeatedly on the underlying surface

using the felt blade.

▶ Allow sufficient time to cool down completely.





▶ Apply slip marks along the perimeter of the applied patch prior the

next process step. For repair in the area of the wing leading edge to

30% of the wing cord the slip marks have to be applied using a

permanent marker otherwise use a soft pencil (HB). Slip marks do not

need to be big, but clear.

▶ Restore the original surface tension by heating the patch only in the

damaged area – not around the edges - in 10° increments to

temperatures above 100°C using the ORATEX® sealing iron. Make

sure to not undue heat the adhesive area. The temperature is

increased only until the original surface tension is reached. Do not

unnecessarily heat up more than required. Maximum temperature for

this process step is 200°C.

▶ Inspect the slip markings to ensure the patch adhesive has not

slipped.

▶ In case slipping is detected remove the patch and redo the process

with a new piece of material.

▶ For repair which are NOT located in the area between the wing leading

edge to 30% of the local cord the slip marks can be removed.

▶ NOTE release to service into aircraft log book





89 Information for Specific

Airplanes This Chapter presents information that apply to specific airplanes.

The information herein exceed and sometimes supersede the general

considerations and regulations in this manual and adds hands-on

experience gained with the airplanes mentioned in the following.

Even if not referenced to your aircraft, read this Chapter in order to

increase your understanding of the subject discussed in this Manual

and to receive additional practical knowledge.





89-01 ANTONOV AN-2

ANTONOV uses a specific clamping technique as outlined in the

following Figure to attach the fabric to the ribs. Where clamped the

fabric will not be glued on.

For that reason, the order of work steps has to be changed:

▶ Perform the fabric pre-cut as per Chapter 20-55-01 Fabric Pre-cut.

Consider that the ANTONOV clamping technique will require 1 cm per

rib additional fabric length in spanwise direction.

▶ Attach the fabric to the ribs following the ANTONOV instructions.

NOTICE Fabric damage when tilting the special tool.

▶ Align the special tool parallel to the profile.

▶ Watch the fabric especially in the area of profile edges when using the

special tool.

It is advisable to prepare a special tool as shown in the Figure above

to press the strips into the profiles.

In the area of rib ends fabric bumps and waves will arise.

reinforcing tape special tool

rib

profile

strip

strip

1 2





▶ Shrink the fabric around the rib ends heating a large area.

▶ Only now apply the adhesive to the remaining fabric and structure as

per Chapter 20-55-02 Adhesive Application.

▶ Proceed as outlined in this Manual.

▶ Attach ORATEX®6000 straight edge reinforcing tape on the

clamping areas with a width of 25 mm as per Chapter 20-55-07

Attaching Reinforcing Tape.

▶ Attach a further ORATEX®UL600 straight edge or pinked edge

reinforcing tape in a width of 50 mm on this reinforcing tape.

rib

heat gun

large shrinking area





89-02 ROBIN DR200/300/400 Series

Documents

Use the following Robin documents in combination with this Manual:

DR400 Structural Repair Manual, Issue 2, Amdt 1, Doc. N° 1000853

GB

Robin SB 122 and 154

Robin NOTE NAV 97-1

Wing Jig

If you have to cover Robin wings more frequently we recommend

assembling a wing jig that holds the wing in the wing fixing brackets

and can be turned by 90° and 180°. In the base position, wing top side

up and in the 180° opposite position wing top side down, the

adhesive is applied and the fabric is ironed on. In the 90° position

(wing vertical) lacing is done.

Special Lacing Technology

Due to the lacing technology that applies here the following

considerations have to be done:

Working Order

▶ Attach the fabric on the top wing surface first. Lacing the top wing

fabric is quite difficult with bottom wing fabric attached.

Rib Lacing

On some rib areas rib lacing is prescribed by the manufacturer. The

rib lacing cords have to be picked up with a needle during the later

fabric stitching process and must not be glued on the surface.





▶ Attach these areas not before fabric stitching is completed.

However ORATEX®6000 straight edge reinforcing tape must be

attached to those areas prior to lacing. To prevent the fabric and the

rib lacing cords from unintentional gluing proceed as follows:

▶ Prepare a cardboard strip of a suitable size.

▶ Firmly surround the cardboard strip with Silicon Release Paper, the

silicon side outside.

▶ Push the cardboard strip in between the wing structure and the fabric.

▶ Attach the straight edge tape (refer to Chapter 20-55-07 Attaching

Reinforcing Tape).

▶ After you have ironed on the straight edge tape and the whole has

cooled off, remove the cardboard strip.

Corners

Before commencing with the actual fabric application process attach

fabric layers to the corners as outlined in the following figure. These

layers must have the width of the wing structure in the respective

areas. Also refer to Chapter 20-54-04 Corners.

wing contour

5 cm

5 cm

right wing symmetrically

5 cm

5 cm





Adhesive Application

In contrast to the instructions of the Robin NOTE NAV 97-1, the

ORATEX® principle that fabric must be attached to all contact areas

with the structure remains valid. Thus adhesive must be applied to all

ribs and the corresponding fabric areas as outlined in Chapter 20-55-

02 Adhesive Application.

Fabric Attachment in the Longeron Area

▶ Attach the fabric in the longeron areas of the wing with overlaps as

shown in the following figure:

In the area of the leading edge proceed as outlined in Chapter 20-53

Principles of Fabric Application

Fabric Pre-cut

We recommend the following margins and excesses (refer to Chapter

20-55-01 Fabric Pre-cut): leading edge area 12 cm, tip area 25 cm,

longerons overlaps





trailing edge 25 cm. In the area of the center rib the fabric should

have a margin of 10 cm in the direction of the opposite wing.

Positioning

The recommended general working order and the direction to which

the fabric shall be tensioned in the provisional fixing process is

shown in the following figure. Also refer to Chapter 20-55-04

Positioning.

12 cm

10 cm

12 cm

25 cm

25 cm

25 cm

25 cm

25 cm 25 cm

wing contour





NOTE Extra care must be taken not to fix the fabric in the area of the rib

lacing cords at this process step.

▶ Start provisionally fixing the fabric first to rib 8 (dihedral rib),

(working 1).

▶ Start approximately 10 cm behind the nose planking on the rib (1)

where the rib contour matches the later fabric contour.

▶ Provisionally fix it then in the area of the trailing edge (2).

▶ Continue on the nose planking in the direction of the root rib

(working 2) and then to the wing tip (working 3).

▶ Pull the fabric tight along the trailing edge and - starting from rib 8 -

provisionally fix it to trailing edge and the root rib (working 4).

1

2 3

4

5

tensioning

working

10 cm 1

2





▶ Continue with all the other ribs in this area.

▶ Repeat these steps heading to the wing tip (working 5).

Lacing

Refer to Robin terminology and instructions presented in the DR400

Fabric Covering Stitching and Lacing Specification paragraph of the

DR400 Structural Repair Manual (applicable to DR200/300/400

Series).

▶ Use ORATEX®6000 straight edge reinforcing tape, which has exactly

the width of the rib.

This is valid for both the rib lacing/fabric stitching technic and the

fabric lacing technique.

IMPORTANT Where the fabric lacing technique is applicable melt the holes for the

fabric lacing cord with the radiant heat of a soldering iron prior to

attaching the straight edge tape. This will avoid thermal exposure of

the tape edges during the melting process of the holes or even

melting parts of the tape edges.

The ORATEX® fabric is much finer than other fabrics. So it is not as

easy to distinguish single fabric threads.

fabric lacingchord

fabric stitchingchord

rib lacingchord

reinforcing tape(heavy grade)

additionaladhesive

reinforcing tape (light grade)





▶ When using stitching knots (both triple and quadruple loop) stitch

around minimum 3 mm of fabric + ORATEX®6000 straight edge

reinforcing tape.

rib lacing chord

minimum 3 mm

double strand of threadfor fabric stitching

fabric + straight edge reinforcing tape(heavy grade)





90 List of Applicable Covering Base Material ORATEX® UL600MK3 can be replaced and repaired

with ORATEX® 6000 but not vice versa.

Where ORATEX® UL600MK3 is specified one might still opt for

ORATEX® 6000 for instance to improve resistance against stone

nicks when operating on gravel airstrips etc.

ORATEX® UL600MK3 can be used on all wooden fuselages,

replacing the painting of the surface, if the fabric covering is foreseen

by initial design.

Variants Material usage

Lifting Surfaces Movables Fuselage

AS-K 13 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

ASK 18 ASK 18B

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

ASK-16 ASK-16 b


ES 49 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

K 10 A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

ASK 14 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

K 7 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

K8 K8B K8C


K 8 B/KM 46 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

K 8 B/Stihl ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Ka 1 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Rhönschwalbe ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Ka 2 b Rhönschwalbe ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Ka 3 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Ka 6/Stihl ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Ka 9 N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Ka6 Ka6B Ka6BR Ka6BR-Pe Ka6C Ka6CR Ka6CR-Pe Ka6E Ka6/0








Rhönlerche II ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

AN2 AN-2T


A-1 A-1A A-1B A-1C-180


AVO 68 - v Samburo AVO 68 -s Samburo AVO 68 -R Samburo AVO -R 100 Samburo AVO 68 -R 115 Samburo


RF 3 RF 4 RF4D

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

L 25-1A L 25D


L 13 SW Vivat L 13 SE Vivat L 13 SEH Vivat L 13 SDM Vivat L 13 SL Vivat L 13 SDL Vivat

N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

L-13 Blaník L-13 AC Blaník L 13 A Blaník

N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

L-23 Super-Blaník N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

L-33 Sólo N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

Z-37 Z37-2 Z-37A Z-37A-2








M-4 M-4 C M-4 S M-4 T M-4-210 M-4-210 C M-4-220 C M-4-220 S M-4-180V M-5-180C M-5-210C M-5-235C M-6-235 M-7-235 M-7-235B MX-7-180 MX-7-180 A MX-7-180 B MX-7-180 C MX-7-235 MXT-7-160 MXT-7-180 MXT-7-180A MT-7-235


CP 301 C ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

CP 301 S ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

CP301 CP301A CP301D CP301E


Emeraude CP-301 A Stark Sonderausführung


PA-18 PA-18 "105" Special PA-18A PA-18-125 PA-18-135 PA-18A-135 PA-18-150 PA-18A-150 PA-19


PA-20 PA-20-135








PA-22 PA-22-135 PA-22S-135 PA-22-150 PA-22S-150 PA-22-160


J3C-40 J3C-50 J3C-65 J3F-50 J3F-60 J3F-65 J3L J3L-65 PA-11


RF5 RF 5B "Sperber"


L 25D ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

RW 3-P65 N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

DR 200 DR 250 DR 250-160 DR 250 B DR 250 B-160


DR 220 DR 220A DR 220B DR 220AB DR221 DR 221B


DR 253 DR 253 B








DR 315 DR 340 DR 360 DR 300/108 DR 300/120 DR 300/125 DR 300/140 DR 300/180R DR 400/100 DR 400/120 DR 400/120 A DR 400/120 D DR 400/125 DR 400/125i DR 400/140 DR 400/140 B DR 400/160 DR 400/160 D DR 400/180 DR 400/180 R DR 400/180 S DR 400/200 R DR 400/500 DR 40072+2 DR 400/RP DR 400 NGL


DR 100 DR 100A DR 105 DR 105A DR 1050 DR 1050A DR 1050M1


Mü 13 E Bergfalke Bergfalke II Bergfalke II-55 Bergfalke III Bergfalke IV


LCF-2 N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

L-Spatz 55/Stihl L-Spatz III/Stihl

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

SF25C with C.V.29 modification








SF 23 A SF 23 A1 SF 23 B SF 23 C


SF 26 A Standard ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SF 27 A SF 27 B


SF 27 M-A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SF 28 A Tandem Falke ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SF 30 A Club Spatz ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SF24 A SF 24 B


SF25A SF25B SF25C SF25D SF25E SF25K


Spart A L-Spatz L-Spatz III L-Spatz 55 Spatz B Spatz 55


Specht ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Sperber ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Zugvogel I Zugvogel II Zugvogel III Zugvogel III A Zugvogel III B Zugvogel IV Zugvogel IV A


Gö 3 Minimoa ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Goevier III ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Sipa 903 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Stark Turbulent D, D-1 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SZD-24-4A Foka 4 N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

SZD-24 C Foka N/A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

SZD-30 Pirat ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

SZD-9 bis Bocian 1D SZD-9 bis Bocian 1E

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 N/A







Baby III ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

D 34c D 34d

N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Doppelraab IV Doppelraab V Doppelraab VI


Doppelraab-HANKUR 1 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

AV 36 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

AV-36 C AV-36 CR AV-36 C1


FK 3 N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

Grunau Baby II b ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Grunau Baby II b-DDR ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Habicht E ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

hks 3 - V 1 N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Hü 17b ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX 6000

Krähe II Krähe III Krähe IV

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Kranich II ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Kranich III ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Lo 100 Zwergreiher ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Lo 150 Lo 150 b

N/A ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Lom 57 Libelle ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Steinadler ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

Mü 22 Mü 22b


Rhönsperber ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

SB 5 B SB 5 E


SG 38 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

Weihe 50 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3 ORATEX UL600MK3

40 Super IV 40 A & 40 B Super IV Sancy WA 41 Baladou WA 4/21 & 4/21/250 Super 4/21








Z 126 Z 126 T Z 226 B Z 226T Z 226 A Z 226 M Z 226 MS Z 326 Z 326 A Z 326 M Z 526 Z 526 A Z 526 F Z 526 L Z 526 AFS Z 526 AFS-V Z 526 M Z 726 Z 726 K


Standard Austria S Standard Austria SH Standard Austria SH 1


Carman-Morelli M100 S ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

RF-5 AJ-1 Serrania ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

T-51 Dart 15 T-51 Dart 17 T-51 Dart 17R


WA 26 CM WA 26 P

N/A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

SZD-30 SZD-30A


SZD-25A Lis N/A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

SZD-36A Cobra 15 N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

SZD-45A Ogar SZD-45AM Ogar

N/A ORATEX 6000 N/A

T.6 T.23 Kirby Kite


T.45 Swallow ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

T.50 Skylark 4 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3

SHK-1 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 ORATEX UL600MK3







AT-250 AT 300 AT-301 AT-302 AT-400 AT-400A

N/A ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000

ATL ATL L ATL S

ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 N/A

YAK-18T ORATEX 6000 ORATEX 6000 N/A