www.bankersguru.org

www.bankersguru.org

HARDWARE+SOFTWARE=COMPUTER

HARDWARE: Computer hardware is the physical parts or

components of a computer.

www.bankersguru.org

IPOS (INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT STORAGE)

Computer can perform Numerical, Alphabetic, Alpha-numeric and logical

operations. On different types of data. Like-1) Numbers, 2) Alphabet 3)

Images, 4) Audio, 5) Video. etc.

Input Devices

An input device lets you communicate with a computer. You can use input devices to enter information and issue commands. A keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera, touch pads and joystick are examples of input devices.

Pointing Devices

Pointing devices move some object on the screen and can do some action

Common pointing devices

1. Mouse - Most common pointing and GUI input device.

2. Track ball - basically an upside down mouse.

3. Joystick –It is a gaming device for playing game in computer.

Keyboard

1. Used to type data into the computer.

2. Most common input device today.

www.bankersguru.org

Scanner

A scanner allows you to scan documents, pictures, or graphics and view them on the computer. You can also use software to edit the items you scan.

Light pen

A pen-shaped device for direct interaction with a computer through a cathode-ray tube

Display.

Web Cam

Webcams are video capturing devices connected to computers or computer networks, often

using USB or, if they connect to networks, Ethernet or Wi-Fi

www.bankersguru.org

Microphone

Used to put sound into a computer

Need sound recording software

OMR (Optical Mark Reader/ Recognition)

Optical Mark Recognition/Reader is a method of computerized input from (usually) paper

forms.

MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)

Magnetic Ink Character Recognition is a character recognition system that uses special ink

and characters. When a document that contains this ink needs to be read, it passes through

a machine, which magnetizes the ink and then translates the magnetic information into

characters.

www.bankersguru.org

Touch Screen

A touch screen is a computer display

screen that is also an input device. The

screens are sensitive to pressure; a

user interacts with the computer by

touching pictures or words on the

screen.

Thumb impression

A fingerprint is an impression of the

friction ridges on all parts of the finger.

It is used for security purpose.

Touchpad

A flat surface which is sensitive to

touch, used mostly in laptop computers to control an on-screen cursor

www.bankersguru.org

PROCESSING UNIT (SYSTEM UNIT)

A computer system unit contains many parts---

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

CPUs have three basic parts

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The Control Unit

General purpose registers

Memory

Primary memory can be used directly by the CPU

Random Access Memory (RAM)

1. Store data and instructions that are used by the CPU to perform some task. 2. The instructions in RAM are constantly changing, depending on the needs of the CPU. 3. The instructions in RAM are volatile.

www.bankersguru.org

Read Only Memory (ROM)

Stores instructions that are used by the CPU

1. The instructions in ROM cannot usually be changed 2. The instructions in ROM are nonvolatile. They stay 3. in ROM even when the computer is turned off.

Motherboard A motherboard, also known as a main board, main board, logic board or system board, is the central or

primary circuit board making up a complex electronic system, such as a computer. The motherboard

contains the connectors for attaching additional boards. Typically, the motherboard contains the CPU,

BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers

required to control standard peripheral devices, such as the display screen, keyboard, and disk drive.

Collectively, all these chips that reside on the motherboard are known as the motherboard's chipset.

www.bankersguru.org

STORAGE DEVICE

FDD (floppy disk drive)

A floppy disk is a removable rotating flexible (or floppy) magnetic storage disk.

According to size floppy drive are three types

1-8”

2-31/2 ”

3-51/4 ”

HDD (Hard disk drive)

A magnetic disk in which you can store computer data. The term hard is used to distinguish it

from a soft, or floppy, disk. Hard disks hold more data and are faster than floppy disks.

www.bankersguru.org

Optical disk drive

In computing, an optical disc drive (ODD) is a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic

waves near the light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical

discs. Compact discs, DVDs and Blue-ray discs are common types of optical media which can be

read and recorded by such drives.

Flash memory

PEN DRIVE- A USB flash drive consists of flash memory data

storage device integrated with a USB (Universal Serial Bus) 1.1 or

2.0 interface.

MEMORY CARD - A memory card or flash memory card is solid-state electronic flash memory

data storage device capable of storing digital contents.

CARD READER MEMORY CARDS

www.bankersguru.org

OUTPUT DEVICE

An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) to the outside world.

MONITOR

A monitor or display (sometimes called a visual display unit) is a piece of electrical

equipment which displays images generated by devices such as computers, without

producing a permanent record.

Types of monitors:

1) CRT

2) LCD/TFT

3) LED/OLED

PRINTER

Printers produce a hard copy

Dot-matrix printers (impact printer) Uses metal pins to strike an inked ribbon to

make dots on a piece of paper.

www.bankersguru.org

Ink jet printers (non-impact printer) Use drops of magnetic ink to produce dots on

a page to produce text or images.

Laser printers (non-impact printer) Laser printer is an electrostatic digital machine

that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics by passing a laser beam over a charged drum to define a differentially charged image.

NEW TECHNOLOGY DEVICES

SSD (SOLID STATE DRIVE): Solid-state drives actually aren't hard drive in the

traditional sense of the term, as there are no moving parts involved. A traditional hard disk

drive (HDD) consists of a spinning disk with a read/write head on a mechanical arm. An

SSD, on the other hand, has an array of semiconductor memory organized as a disk drive,

using integrated circuits (ICs) rather than magnetic or optical storage media.

www.bankersguru.org

Holographic versatile disc (HVD): It is a holographic storage format that looks

like a DVD but is capable of storing far more data. The HVD process uses a blue-green laser beam, used for reading and writing data, collimated (made parallel) with a red laser beam.

Wireless hard disk: Allows you to wirelessly access, save and share data, so you can

stream up to 4 high-definition videos simultaneously or connect up to 8 compatible devices. It works on USB 3.0/2.0 interface.

3D SCANNER: This low-cost handheld 3D scanner captures extremely high-quality 3D shape

and color for multiple 3D applications. It works on new Multi-Laser Scanning Technology.

www.bankersguru.org

3D PRINTER: 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three

dimensional solid objects from a digital file. MakerBot is leading the next industrial revolution

in desktop 3D printing for professional,

educational, and home use.

3D PROJECTOR: 3D projection is any method of mapping three-dimensional points to a

two-dimensional plane. As most current

methods for displaying graphical data are

based on two-dimensional media, the

use of this type of projection is

widespread, especially in computer

graphics, engineering and drafting.

PROJECT SOLI: Project Soli is

developing a new interaction sensor

using radar technology. The sensor

can track sub-millimeter motions at

high speed and accuracy. Project Soli, the system identifies subtle finger

movements using radar built into tiny

microchips.

www.bankersguru.org

Related Questions

Q1. Which device is used as the standard pointing device in a Graphical User Environment

1-Keyboard 2-Mouse 3-Joystick 4-Track ball 5-none of these

Ans – 2

Q2. Which of the following is not an output device?

1 Scanner 2 Printer 3 Flat Screen 4 Touch Screen 5 none of these

Ans – 1 Q3. Which of the following devices have a limitation that we can only information to it but cannot erase or modify it

1 Floppy Disk

2 Hard Disk 3 Tape Drive 4 CDROM 5 none of these

Ans – 4 Q4. Which technology is used in Compact disks?

1 Mechanical

2 Electrical 3 Electro Magnetic 4 Laser 5 none of these

Ans – 4 Q5. Which of the following storage devices can store maximum amount of data?

1 Floppy Disk 2 Hard Disk

3 Compact Disk 4 tape 5 none of these

Ans- 2 Q6. Which of the following is the largest manufacturer of Hard Disk Drives?

1 IBM 2 Segate 3 Microsoft 4 3M 5 none of these

Ans – 2

www.bankersguru.org

Q7. The programs which are as permanent as hardware and stored in ROM is known as

1 Hardware 2 Software 3 Firmware 4 ROMware 5 none of these

Ans- 3 Q8. The smallest resolvable part of the screen is

1 byte 2 point 3 pixel 4data 5 none of these

Ans – 3

Q9. EPROM can be used for

1 Erasing the contents of ROM

2 Reconstructing the contents of ROM

3 Erasing and reconstructing the contents of ROM

4 Duplicating ROM

5 none of these

Ans – 3

Q10. Memory unit is one part of

1 Input device 2 Control unit 3 Output device 4 Central Processing Unit

5 none of these

Ans – 4

www.bankersguru.org