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7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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1
( )
, , , ,, , , ,
C FFG, A R P A, BILAT USA 2.0
O 2015
7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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O F S STI J E
L O
(STI JELO)
E R O
A, A, B, C, C,J, N Z, R,
S A
USA
1 I .......................................................................................................................................... 5
BILAT .................................................................................................................................. 5
T STI JELO S ......................................................................................................................... 5
2 G O STI JELO S ............................................................................................. 7
R .............................................................................................................................................. 7
C .................................................................................................................................... 15
R ......................................................................................................................... 17
3 A ............................................................................................................................................ 18
AS R ............................................................................................................. 18
E R O R O A................................. 18
C E S A ....................................................................... 19
S I STI JELO A .................................................................................. 19
P STI JELO A ................................................. 22
C...................................................................................................................................... 24
7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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4 A .............................................................................................................................................. 25
O STI JELO A .................................................................... 25
T STI JELO A .......................................................... 26
T STI JELO A ................. 27
E A ............................................................................................. 28
C...................................................................................................................................... 29
5 B ................................................................................................................................................... 30
BS R .................................................................................................................... 30
O B ............................................................................... 31
O B ..................................... 33
R STI JELO B ............................................................................. 34
M STI JELO B ..................................................................... 36
I STI JELO B ....................................................................... 36
C...................................................................................................................................... 37
6 C ................................................................................................................................................ 39
CS R ................................................................................................................ 39
C...................................................................................................................................... 39
7 C ................................................................................................................................................... 40
E C ........................................................................................ 40
E C ................................................................................................... 41
E STI JELO C ................................................................................................... 44
C...................................................................................................................................... 45
8 J ................................................................................................................................................... 47
G R J ............................................................................................ 47
O J ............................................................................... 48
O STI JELO J .......................................................................... 50
C...................................................................................................................................... 53
9 N Z ....................................................................................................................................... 54
EUROPEAN ORGANIZATIONS WITH A REPRESENTATION OFFICE IN NEW ZEALAND ........................ 54
EUROPEAN ORGANIZATIONS WHICH COOPERATE WITH NEW ZEALAND ......................................... 54
EUROPEAN ORGANISATIONS INTERESTED IN AN STI JELO IN NEW ZEALAND .................................. 57
C.......................................................................................................................................... 60
10 R ................................................................................................................................................ 61
O R: ......................................... 61
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D R ................................. 62
M R ...................................................... 63
M R ............ 64
F R............................................................. 65
C R .............................................................. 66
E STI J E L O T C R ........................ 67
11 S A ...................................................................................................................................... 68
O S A ................................................................ 68
O S A ........................................................................ 71
O STI J E L O S A ............................ 75
C.......................................................................................................................................... 80
12 USA .................................................................................................................................................... 82
O STI JELO USA ....................................................................... 82
E USA .............................................................................................. 85
C...................................................................................................................................... 88
A A .............................................................................................................................................. 90
A B ............................................................................................................................................ 100
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1
BILAT EU (FP7)
EU 1. O
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USA (BILAT USA 2.0)
T BILAT USA 2.0 ABEST III. I
O 30, 2013, B, BILAT
. D (A A) ,
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7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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7
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9
( )
T 50%
I C T (ICT), E
C C, B, E, H , / M
, .
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
ICT
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CE
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7/25/2019 Operational Feasibility Study for STI Joint European Liaison Offices (STI JELOs) for European Research Organizations
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10
63
31 Y
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P (I O)
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I I J L E
67% (63 94)
STI J E L O E. O
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I J E L (I JEL)
71% (45/63)
STI JELO
E
, 54%
(34/63)
, ..
EU D. I , 17%
(11/63)
.
A 29% (18/63) ,
STI JELO E,
STI JELO.
I I J E L C/C (
)
45% (42)
STI JELO C, 44% (41)
STI JELO
USA 40% (38)
B.
N, STI
JELO T
C
.
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60
N ( , ,
, , .)
J ( , , .)
R ( E STI ,
, .)
J ( ,
, , , .)
V ( , , .)
P H 2020
P EU
P EU
B EEN (E E N)
O
I J E L ( )
A 63% (59) STI JELO
E N
,
.
48% (45) J
, .
A 47% (44) R STI JELO, ..
E STI .
A 45% (42) J ,
, , , , .
42.5% (40) STI JELO V ,
, , .
B 20% 40% STI JELO
P , H 2020, EU
, EU E
E N.
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87
6 65
4 43 3 3 3
00
24
6
8
10
E C
20%
E. N,
80%
T C.
T
T C:
A: L R&D P
L U.S.
Q U.S .
F STI
P
B:
F B
A
C
G G
C ,
B
C:
L R&D P
G
F STI
I
E
:
L R&D P F STI
G , ..
A:
L R&D P
S
G
F STI
I E
T C . T ,
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E R&D P ,
, ,
F STI E
,
G , .. .
I J E L
(I JEL) E
63 (67%)
F
T STI JELO . A
E ,
.
C
M E
STI JELO T C. T
.
A
T STI STI JELO ( ,
STI ). G
.
A
T STI JELO T
C . T
STI STI JELO
.
G
T STI JELO . T
E .
E
I J E L (I JEL) E
62 (66%)
I
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STI J E L O T C E
.
T EU E STI
T C STI
.
S ,
B
, , , . A STI JELO T C
.
E STI
T STI
T C STI JELO. T
STI TC STI
.
E H2020
STI JELO T C E
, , STI
T C . F, STI JELO
H2020 /
/ .
A , STI
D STI
. I STI JELO STI
T C STI
.
F ,
F ,
STI JELO. J E ,
STI JELO
. M E
STI JELO.
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1. A
94 , 80% 20% , 28 E MS AC. R ,
80% ,
STI , .. A (71%), B (63%) I (56%),
E (36%).
I SME, SME , T T
, 6% (6) .
T , .. 50%
I C T
(ICT), E C C, B, E, H , /
M , .
A, ,
28 E MS AC ,
E , F, G S 512
, , , UK, S, F, I H
24 , , , S
I 1 , .
2. H I J L E
67% STI J E L
O T C STI JELO C (45%),
USA (44%) B (40%), J, C R.
71% STI JELO E
, 54% ,
EU D. O 17% . E ,
29% STI JELO STI
JELO E.
F 63% STI JELO T C
. F 48% , ,
STI JELO.
47% , E STI
45% ,
, , , .
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T , (67%) STI JELO T C,
C, USA B. P ,
EU D (54%), . O, EU
D EU T C
, STI ,
.
3. C
I JEL C
T
STI JELO T C.
T , ,
. A ,
. W ,
STI JELO T C .
R , STI JELO T C
E.
T STI JELO . STI
JELO T C E , E ,
.
M, STI JELO T C ,
STI
H2020.
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I E
E STI JELO T C. T
E STI ,
E .
F, E STI
. A STI J E L O
E , E
E , , , C, USA
B, .
1. E I JEL C, A B
S E , .. G F,
. A
STI J E L O C, USA B E STI
, EU D EURAXESS, ,
E . O
, STI / E , .. C,
H, L, S, S, S ,
E
(I U S 2015).
T STI JELO E STI
E T C
T C
2. E I C,
C, J, , .
T E E
T C E STI . J
E, JTI, JPI, ERA NET, SFIC
E
, .. ,
EU D.
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3 (provided by ABEST III)
The data generated by the survey provides insight into the current representation status of
European research organizations in Argentina. It covers their bilateral cooperation with
Argentina, either in form of an own representation office or cooperation with other existing
structures such as embassies or non-governmental organizations. Furthermore, the
organizations were asked about the form of collaboration (e.g. which services/activities are
covered) and to elaborate on their experiences. Last but not least, the organizations were
asked whether they are interested in a Joint European Liaison Office in Argentina, and if so,
which services the office should cover to fulfill their needs.
Four of the 94 organizations that participated in the survey already established a
representation office in Argentina. They are all public organizations, two are universities in
Israel and France, one is a research funding agency in Spain and another is a SME
association in Poland. Both universities are engaged in all types of research and innovation
activities, while the Spanish research funding agency is only involved in research funding
and research management. The Polish SME association is not engaged in any type of
research but supports Polish research and innovation entities. The main motivations and
reasons for establishing a representation office in Argentina were to support the generation
of projects and to foster and broaden the research collaboration with Argentinian universities
and research institutions.
The answers regarding hurdles and difficulties encountered by the organizations during the
establishment or the operation of their own representation offices can provide valuable
information about possible challenges for an STI JELO in Argentina. However, all four
organizations answered that there were no administrative hurdles, no legal obstacles, no
financial difficulties, no mobility restrictions, no problems to find appropriate personnel and no
cultural obstacles. Information regarding the services rendered by these representation
offices could give an indication of what European organizations might need in order tosuccessfully establish and sustain a close cooperation with Argentina. Three out of the four
organizations stated that the representation office supports their networking activities. One
organization additionally receives support for the exchange of experts and staff, conferences
and workshops, and the representation of services or products. Under the option other, one
organization added funding activities and another added governmental support
When asked whether the organizations received any support (e.g. logistic, legal, etc.) for
establishing the office in Argentina, two out of four answered that they received support from
their embassy as well as from governmental organizations. Two claim they received no
support. As a response to the question How is the existing representation in Argentina
financed? one organization claims to be self-financed, and another is financed by the CDTI,
which is a Public Business Entity, answering to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness. The remaining two have not given an answer to this question.
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According to the survey responses, 23 organizations are cooperating with existing structures
or partners in Argentina. These are governmental organizations of Argentina (61%), their
own countrys embassy or representation in Argentina (30%), non-governmental
organizations in Argentina (22%), EU research, funding or business organizations (13%),
and another 13% have stated in the category other that they are cooperating with
universities. None are cooperating with the EU Delegation in Argentina. The services these
structures and partners provide the organizations with mostly pertain to the support of
networking activities (65%), support of exchange of experts and staff (48%), and another
30% receive support with organizing workshops. A smaller number of organizations receive
help in managing STI funding programs (17%), facilitating conferences (13%), offering
trainings (9%), and the representation of services or products (9%).
Even though these 23 organizations already cooperate with existing structures and partners
in Argentina, 10 of them are nonetheless still interested in an STI Joint European Liaison
Office in Argentina. This may indicate that the existing structures do not sufficiently fulfill all
their needs. The specific activities that these 10 organizations claim they could better
achieve jointly with other organizations shows that most organizations chose almost all
possible services that an STI JELO could potentially offer. The most popular activities are
networking (10/10), promoting participation in Horizon 2020 (9/10), promoting EU
participation in national programs (8/10), joint funding (8/10), visibility (joint exhibitions, show
rooms, etc.) (8/10), closely followed by providing partnering services for EU companies
(7/10), representation and joint activities (each 6/10) and being the EEN (Enterprise EuropeNetwork) node (5/10).
Out of the 94 survey participants, 20 (21%) have declared a special interest in a STI JELO
office in Argentina. Interestingly, the research organizations who have declared a specific
interest in an STI JELO Argentina also tend to be interested in the other Latin-American
BILAT-project countries that were part of the survey, namely Brazil (18 out of the 20organizations that are interested in an STI JELO Argentina) and Mexico (16 out of 20),
indicating a regional preference. China and USA come after the Latin-American countries
(unlike the general results, where China and the USA are the top STI JELO destinations).
Figure D shows that most of the organizations interested in an STI JELO Argentina are
located in the Czech Republic (25%), followed by Spain, Portugal, Israel, Greece and Croatia
(10% each).
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F A: C I JEL A
These organizations are mostly universities and research organizations (40% each, see
Figure E) and reflect the same public-to-private ratio as the general profile, namely 80%
public and 20% private.
F B: I JEL A
Most of these organizations are engaged in applied research (80%) and basic research
(75%, see Figure F), whereas the thematic focus seems to be primarily material sciences
and nanotechnology (70%), biotechnology (70%) and environment and climate change(65%), closely followed by several thematic areas such as biology, bio-based industries,
energy, and ICT, each counting 55% of the organizations (for more details, please see
figure G).
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
.
C JEL A
02468
10
U R
SME
R
O
I JEL
A?
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F C: I JEL A
F D: I JEL A
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
A
B
E
I0
R
T
R
S
I JEL A
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
B
M
E C CB
B
E
ICT
C
H
F
I
S
A
A
E
R IE
P
M
R
S
JEL A
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The preferences of the organizations who are interested in an STI JELO Argentina are
similar to the ones who are generally interested in STI JELOs. A higher percentage of
respondents claim to prefer a virtual structure for the Liaison Office (35% instead of 29%),but the majority also prefers a physical office, either together with other delegates (45%) or
an individual office (20%).
F E: I JEL A
When asked Which services should the STI Joint European Liaison Office provide? And
what would be useful for your institution that you can better achieve jointly with other
organizations? almost all of the 20 respondents who are interested in an STI JELO
Argentina (95%) responded that networking (primary contacts, communication, information
exchange, structural access to relevant data, etc.) would be most useful, followed by joint
funding and promoting participation in Horizon 2020 as stated by 75% each. Slightly lower
but still of high importance are visibility and representation with 70%, respectively. Figure I
shows the list of answers and their frequencies.
F F: I JEL
20%
45%
35%
JEL A
P (I
O)
P (O
R)
V
19
14
14
13
15
15
12
10
8
2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
N
V
R
J
J
P H 2020
P EU
P EU
B EEN (E E N)
S
I J E L ?
?
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When it comes to risks and challenges perceived by the twenty organizations who are
specifically interested in an STI JELO Argentina, the answers reflect a similar picture as the
answers of all organizations interested in STI JELOs in general. Most refer to financial
aspects, such as lack of funding or financial sustainability (8/20). Another 5 organizations are
concerned about conflicts of interest and the coordination of different needs and interests.
Other risks and challenges that were mentioned are lack of visibility and promotion, lack ofacceptance and interest/engagement from the organizations and the third countries, lack of
transparency and independence of the STI JELO office, as well as hesitations to share
information openly. Three organizations stated that they see no risks.
The expectations and benefitsof the organizations specifically interested in an STI JELO
Argentina show a more diverse picture. As with the answers given in the general interest in
STI JELOs part, many of the answers reflect the list of possible answers for a previous
question, where the organizations were asked which services STI JELOs should offer to
cover their needs. Networking, joint funding, joint activities, visibility and representation are
among them. However, since this question gave the organizations a chance to elaborate on
their answers and add any expectations and benefits they can think of, it gives a more
detailed picture of their expectations and opinion about STI JELOs. Among the most frequent
answers of organizations interested in an STI JELO Argentina are aspects of networking
(17/20), including:
Finding partners and starting new partnerships;
Increasing the opportunity of collaboration with local partners;
Creating links to research, capacity building, innovation and external funding;
Better integration in international research, innovation and teaching networks;
Facilitating access of the several research stakeholders in a third country (national
and regional research funding bodies, academia, research institutes and companies,
infrastructures, competence centers, clusters);
Joining common research programs
Another topic frequently mentioned is the exchange and recruitmentof scientific staff and
students (8/20), such as establishing a mechanism for exchange of scientific personnel or
recruitment of students from abroad. The third most frequently mentioned benefit is the
exchange and transfer of knowledge(specifically mentioned by 5 out of 20), for example:
support and exchange of ideas; new technology transfer; and access to foreign sources of
knowledge. Joint activitiesand joint research projectsare also named frequently (6/20):
Jointly develop and exploit new knowledge and technologies based upon comparative factoradvantages; joint research projects and joint training (just to name a few). Other benefits
mentioned by the organizations are: Applying European innovations on other continents; new
markets for new technology; door-opening; decreasing transaction costs; better visibility
outside Europe; facilitating the participation at joint exhibitions and promotion events of EU
stakeholders in the third country, and to promote the research excellence and innovation
performance of the European organizations.
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This survey, conducted by twelve BILAT projects, provides a first impression of the general
interest of European research organizations in the concept of Joint European STI Liaison
Offices (STI JELOs). It clearly shows that every third research organization whichparticipated in the survey is interested in an STI JELO in general, and every fifth organization
is specifically interested in an STI JELO in Argentina. Even though these results are not
representative for all research organizations in Europe, it does allow for a first impression,
not only on the overall interest, but also on specific preferences and expectations. The
preferred structure for an STI JELO in Argentina is a physical office together with other
representations (e.g. jointly with EU Delegation). The services that are most frequently
expected to be rendered include networking (primary contacts, communication, information
exchange, structural access to relevant data, etc.), joint funding (joint research projects, joint
calls, etc.) and promoting participation in Horizon 2020. The expected risks and challenges
most frequently stated pertain to conflicts of interest (e.g. diverse range of interests andneeds, underrepresentation of small organizations/member countries, office overwhelmed
with different requests) and funding issues (e.g. sustainable funding, high operational costs).
Among the expectations and benefits of STI JELOs stated by the organizations that are
interested in an STI JELO Argentina, networking is by far the most frequently mentioned
benefit. Other benefits include the exchange and recruitment of scientific staff and students,
as well as the exchange and transfer of knowledge. One other important issue that this
survey has revealed is the concern about funding. A sustainable funding scheme should be
developed, including the financial support from the EU for the initial years until the project
reaches self-sustainment.
Although Argentina ranks relatively low in the list of preferred STI JELO destinations, it has tobe taken into account that this survey included only the most important partner countries of
EU-cooperation in S&T.
Possible next steps could be:
A) Share the STI JELO report with ABEST-Partners and asking for suggestions and
comments
B) Organize a workshop with ABEST-Partners in Europe (inviting the EU-Delegation inArgentina)
1. Identification of key countries, institutions and possible strategic partners
2. SWOT-Analysis of an STI JELO in Argentina
3. Other topics
C) Share results with Policy Officer and verify if interest would also be reflected in
Horizon 2020 (e.g. a call).
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4 ( CAESIE)
30% (19/63) STI JELO E
STI JELO A. T
STI JELO A STI
JELO .
19 A/63
I , , ,
G (0/1), F (0/9), S (0/2), UK (0/2) P (0/2) STI JELO
A , S, C, S, H, S,
C R (6/8). T ,
6/8
0/2
0/2
0/3
0/1
0/2
0/4
2/2
1/2
2/2
0/9
2/3
1/5
0/1
0/2
I:1/3 M: 1/1 C: 0/1
0/2
1/2
0/1
0/1
0/1
0/1
1/1
1/1
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26
, STI JELO A
C R. I
C STI JELO.
O , A , , .. C B.
R (6) U (10) 84%
STI JELO A (19). R , O ,
T , U SME 5% . 2 R
(10%) STI JELO.
P , U, R , T
O , , STI JELO
.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
R
O
U R
F
O
O
P
P
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27
T E STI JELO A
(14/19), , ( )
ICT ( 13/19). T (11/19)
. I
( 7/19) .
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
[A ][A ]
[B]
[B ]
[B]
[C]
[E ]
[E]
[E]
[E C C]
[F ]
[H ]
[ICT]
[I ]
[M
[M]
[P]
[R ]
[R I]
[S ]
[S]
O
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28
T 4 A I,
S P. T I
. T S P .
C
I U R O
S R F O
P O
N E F, UK G
A. A, , G A E S (DAAD)
U S .
M / A
M (3 ) :
A AP ,
T R&D P
S
A
A
T A
, .
A E
T
A . T
.
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1) A E
W 32% EA T . T
A E
A . 3% 0,3
.
T EU M S C R, P, S
C, E M S F, UK G
STI JELO A. T EU
M S A
.
T C R
STI JELO A. I
C .
: T A
E M S A . J STI JELO A
.
2) I JEL A
W , ICT, ,
S S H. T
STI JELO A.
: A STI JELO A S
E S S H.
3) M E I
A E , ..
R&D , , ,
, . T
E M S . O
, A
E M S EU MS.
: A STI JELO A, E
E STI E A
E R A (ERA) A.
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30
5 ( BBICE +)
H B R O (45%),
U (29%). R F A 15% . T
, : SME, T
C T T O B.
A B,
40% , (32%).
E , ,
20% ( 1). T ,
I (3
94 )
B.
F 1: &I , B, (%, =53)
T B
2 ( ), E/C C
B 60% ; H & M R 57%; ICT
M S/N 55%, E 51%.
I 6
94 ( 2, ).
39
37
1922
20
3215
A R
B R
I
E
DR
T
R
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F 2: F (%, )
F 7 E B, 4 USA S
A; 3 C, M, R J; 2 C K.
H F G, S, S
I. F (2 , 1 , 1
1 ); . I
1, 53
B, 86%,
71% 57%.
I, 7 ( 2,
). C
B, R I M, M S & N, B
A & F.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
O
S
R M
M
A R
A & F
P
I T
R I
F & H D
E
E S
B I
C
B
S S & H
E
M S & N
ICT
H & M R
E & C C
B
, =94 B, =53
O B, =7
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T B :
T B
N B
B , B
C
S I 2
D B
T B (..
,
); ( .. ,
MU) ( ).
N 90% ,
/ ,
( 3).
F 3: B (%, , =7)
2://../F_G/F_C_A/I_F_C_A.
0
20
40
60
80
100
N
E &
W
C
R
STI F
O
T
L IPR
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S (.. , , .) B
' 5 . 3
,
U S P. T . N EU
D EU .
I 2 , 2
.
F 53 B, 49% (=26)
B, 92% . H R
, 6 U, 5 R , 1 M 1
. O H F C R(5 3, )
. A 3 P 2 F, G, S, S
UK B, G, S, H, I
S.
W 26
53 B ( 2, ); R&I
: 77%, 69%
58%.
R B, 36% ,
19% E 13% (
4). 6% EU , , 1%
EU D B.
62% 26 STI JELO B.
F 4: C B (%, , =26)
36
19
13
8
22
6
2G
Y E
RN
U
P P
O
EU ,
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F 5: B (%, , =26)
S B
( 5)
(
3),
(36%),
(25% )
.
B STI JELO,
, 40% (38 ) 94 . 79%
38 , 21% . A (17) R
(13) , 4 , 2 I
, 1 M 1 .
C , (
C R F):
C R: 6
F: 5
G P: 3
A, C, F, H, I, L, S, S, UK: 2
B, I S: 1
S 38 53 B,
( 2, ). I,
R&I : STI JELO
(82%) (79%), 94
, 53 B
. R 39%
.
Q STI JELO B, 61% 38
. A 26%,
, 13% .
R STI JELO, 28 : 7% B
0
10
20
30
40
N
E &
W
C
R
STI F
O
T
L IPR
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, 4% R J P A 18%
.
F 6: I JEL (%, , =38)
A 38 STI JELO B
STI JELO , ,
. A, N (
, , , )
97%, R ( E STI ,
) J ( & ) 76% (
6). M 50% J ( ,
, & ), P H 2020,
EU .
R STI JELO B . T
, 26%
. T
21% 11%
. H ,
,
5% . 13% . A ,
EU 5%,
5% STI JELO EUD, 5%
E , .
F,
STI JELO. T (
, =38) :
E & (50%)
97
76
76
7166
63
61
47
37 5
N
R
J
J
P H 2020
V
P EU
P EU
B EEN (E E N)
O
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A ST&I B (26%)
F (21%)
I (21%)
F (18%)
E H2020 (8%)
A ,
STI JELO B. B
STI JELO,
( ):
T L (B S P3)
P
B : I B / E (..
U S P / EU D B B)
S ( )
C
L & ( B)
M (.. )
C
M
R
Q
O , STI JELO
.
T G H S I (DWIH) S P4, G
,
STI JELO. F ,
.
L S P, DWIH , ,
, . T
15 . T ,
, , , , , , I
3S P B , : ://.
./2014/88894://.../.?=72
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, IT ,
12.000 .
C , 11%
STI JELO B, 65.000 DWIH,
, .
I ,
STI JELO, ,
. E 65.000 ,
.
F, STI JELO
L , ..
, , , , / B2B . T
60.000 .
S, E STI JELO
80.000 S P, B. O
STI JELO ,
, 125.000 .
F ,
, 94 400 . D
, ,
E STI .
T B E STI
(56%), , ,
, . A,
; B,
E & C C, H & M R, B
STI 5.
T B MS,
E . F
T C,
. C ,
,
. N
. L
B
.
5://..//218981.
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T STI JELO B
(40%). E
, ,
, EU EU
. H
MS. I, STI JELO
,
.
S, E STI B T
C USA C. A , J
E L ,
B.
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6
( ERAC +)
Existing representation offices in Canada
Only 2 organizations have a representation office in Canada. The main reasons for the establishment
of these two offices were to promote the Association of the friends of the Hebrew University and to
support EUREKA projects.
No problems, obstacles and barriers seem to be faced by the offices. Only the activity for one of the
organizations, offered as a service, is expressed and its a funding activity.
Another respondent declares that his/her organization does not have a representative office but acooperation model in place with universities, which can also act as a platform for general networking
activities. Its service is a joint Research and Development activity.
One of the existing offices is self-funded, while for the other one the funding is split between a self-
and Canadian universities funding.
Existing cooperation with Canada
28 respondents organizations have an ongoing cooperation with Canada and Canadian partners, 7
with their countrys Embassy, 4 with a EU research, funding or business organization, 10 with a non-
governmental organization established in Canada, 12 with a governmental organization established in
Canada. The following offered services have been taken advantage of:
Representation
of services or
products
Managing
STI funding
programmes
Facilitating
conferences
Organising
workshops
Offering
training
Supporting
exchange
of experts
and staff
Legal
and
IPR
support
5 8 8 12 8 15 0
32% (30 out of 94) of the respondents are in favor and would find it useful to open an STI JELO in
Canada
30% (28 out of 94) respondents organizations have an ongoing cooperation with Canada and the main
service offered is the support to experts exchange followed by the organization of workshops. No
office offers a legal or IPR support.
There seems to be no barrier and particular risks for the cooperation in Canada.
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7
( DRAGON STAR)
T ,
, STI JELO C . T
, , C 6, 5
1 . A
, C
:
- T C
- T
- T C
- T R&D P .
- T C P
T , ,
,
STI
.
G 4 ,
C, , 4
, 1 . F
CDTI B, G U B , R .
R ,
. O , ,
. A ( )
.
R
25%
M STI
F
17%
F
17%
O
33%
O
8%
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O
13%
R
18%
R
44%
T
2%
U
23%
C
65
3 3 32 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
C
I 39 94 C. F 39, 10% 90% ,
:
I 29 39
C, 19 , 14
, 8 EU //
5 EU C.
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8 8 9 11 11 12
13 14 14 14 15 16 16
17 18 18 18 20
22 23 23
A C
R
8%
M STI
11%
F
7%
O
16%
O
8%
S
24%
S
19%
L IPR
7%
A
C
F,
, (.. W U, C A F, .)
C.
T :
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R
8% M STI
11%F
7%
O
16%
O
8%
S
24%
S
19%
L IPR
7%
A C
F C
:
T STI JELO C, :
S
,
S ,
E (, ),
E H 2020.
I , ,
/ .
N, . F ,
STI JELO
. A
. T, C
/ . S STI JELO
, ,
. P STI JELO
. T,
, EURAXESS EEN.
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O
14%
R
14%
R
36%
T
3%
U
31%
U
2%
JEL
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
45
H JEL
T
( )
. A
.
42 94 J
E L C. T :
2
1 1
0
1 1
A
P
L F
M
C
D C
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8 9
12 12 13 13
15 15 16 16 16
17 18
19 20
22 22 22
24 25 25
A JEL
I 24
J L O C , 11
, 7
. A STI JELO,
B, .
T
J E L O . T
EURAXESS
. M,
E
. T STI JELO R&I EC
C.
I ICT, E, (N) M
B.
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T
. I ,
,
. T :
1. N ( , , , , .)
2. V ( , , .)
3. R ( E STI , , .)
4. J ( , , ,
, .)
STI JELO
. T
E C, C
.
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8 ( JEUPISTE)
F 94 , 17 ( 20%)
. J 3
( 1). T G
S.
F 1: C (%, =94)
F 2: I I JEL C (%, =94)
63
STI JELO T C.
J 30
.
S, 94 , 3 J 30 STI JELO
J. F 30 J. 24
0
2
4
6
8
10USA
B
C
R
S A
A
A
C
J
K
M
N Z
0
10
20
30
4050
USA
B
C
R
S A
A
A
C
J
K
M
N Z
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,
NGO J. I, 10 24
STI JELO J, . N , 2
STI JELO J, J.
I J ,
30 J
J .
F E J, S
. I , N Z. T
G B, C, C, K, R US. T S
, G
.
C 30 STI JELO J
G
J. S
.
T J
:
G :
T J
N F J
F J ,
J
C D J
G :
:
T , 1986. A
2008. N
.
A J.
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N J,
/ ,
3.
F 3: J (%, , =3)
0
2040
60
80
100
N
E &
W
C
R
STI F
O
T
L
IPR
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50
S (.. , , .) J
' . T G
( ?) .
30 E L O J. T
/ :
C R: 7
F: 4
C, H, I, L, P, S: 2
A, F, G, I, S, S, U K: 1
F 4: L , .B : , =94; : J, =30.
T 30 J 4 (
). I 2 J . T
11/7
4/1
3/2
4/0
6/0
5/0
6/0
3/2
3/1
2/2
12/4
4/2
5/1
1/0
2/1
I:5/2 M: 2/0 C: 2/0
3/0
2/2
2/0
1/1
1/0
1/0
1/0
1/1
1/1
1/0
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C R C
R. N B A, B, C, I,
G, M, N, P, R M, S, S, S, T.
T J .
R 12, 11 . R
3, 4 . O T C S
J.
A J,
. O 7 , 3 . T
, . A 1115
: I, B, B,
C, E S, E, ICT, M S, H E. N,I 17 .
T STI JELO ,
. T ,
( ), ,
, T.
I W STI J E L
O ? W
? T , ( ,
, , , .)
. N 30 . F
.
E, ( , , .) .
O , .. E STI , ,
. . O
( , , , , . I,
(
, , .). M . A
H 2020
. A ,
.
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F 5: I JEL ( , =30)
I STI JELO
: D STI J E L
O? STI JELO
EU . I
. I
. A :
- C ;
- C ;
- C ;
- P ;
- T ;
- T
;
- R / (
E );
- L EU EU MS;
- C ;
- R . T B D
STI JELO;
- I ( )
;
- I EU STI JELO;
- C ; ,
- T STI JELO ;- T EU
E E
29
23
23
2120
18
15
129 1
N
R
J
J
P H 2020
V
P EU
P EU
B EEN (E E
N) O
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. I
.
A
STI JELO J. F , . A
. I ,
, ,
. S , , ,
. F / ,
,
. S, . S
STI JELO, , . E ,
. A ,
/
.
F ,
( J,
;
J).
T STI JELO J. T
J. T J
STI JELO, . T
, . J : I, B,
B, C, E S, E, ICT, M S, H E.
T J MS,
J G S. T STI JELO J
J. O E M S/AS. I
STI JELO J , MS/AS.
I , J , . T
,
. O . O
, J
( G S ).
T J L O E
U.
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9 (provided by FRIENZ)
None of the organizations which have replied has a representation office in New Zealand (20.21% in
total have a representation office in the other 11 targeted countries).
8 responding organizations have existing cooperation with New Zealand, i.e. 8.51% of the
questionnaires respondents.
1. Profile of the European organizations having cooperation with a NZ partner:
Origin and type of the organizations:
All respondents are from public organizations. Half of the organizations having cooperation with a NZ
partner are universities; the other half being research organizations. Czech Republic is the most
represented country among the respondents (3), followed by France (2). The United Kingdom,
Switzerland and Finland are respectively represented by 1 organization among the respondents. (See
Fig. 1).
Figure 1: Distribution per country of research organizations and universities having cooperation with NZ partners
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
University
Research Organization
Those results do not reflect the most significant NZ partners recorded, which are Germany, France,
and the UK;1Those countries have some specific cooperation programmes with NZ (e.g. Dumont
dUrville NZ-France S&T Support Programme, NZ-Germany Science & Technology Programme,
etc.). In addition, NZ organizations cooperated the most with the UK, Germany, the Netherlands,
France and Italy within the FP7 framework. Yet, the respondents geographical origin distribution
does not reflect the current situation mentioned above.
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Kind of activities conducted in the organizations:
All the 8 European organizations are conducting applied research, 7 of them basic research and 6 of
them innovation activities. Research management (3), translational research (2) and research funding
(0) are the activities which are the less conducted in the responding European organizations.
Figure 2: Activities conducted in the European organizations having cooperation with NZ partners
Main research areas of the organizations:
Environment (7) is the research area most represented in the 8 organizations, followed by bio-based
industry, biotechnology, food and health diet, and social sciences (5). On the contrary industrial
technologies, raw materials, space and marine research are the less represented research areas amongst
the responding organizations (1).
Figure 4: Research areas of the responding European organizations
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Applied research
Basic research
Innovation activities
Research management
Translational researchResearch funding
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Environment
Bio-basedindustry
Biotechnology
Foodandhealhdiet
SocialSciences
Biology
Eathsciences
Health&medical
ICT
Researchinfrastructure
Agriculture
Aquaticresources
Energy
Materialsciences&
Chemistry
Engineering
Mathematics
Physics
Industrialtechnologies
Rawmaterials
Space
MarineResearch
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2. Profile of the organizations based in NZ with which the above mentioned organizations
cooperate with:
The 8 responding organizations, based in Europe, have cooperation with New Zealand organizations
but also with European organizations.
Cooperation of European organizations based in EU with New Zealand organizations in NZ:
Half of the organizations are collaborating both with NZ governmental and non-governmental
organizations, 3 are only collaborating with non-governmental organizations and 1 with only
governmental organizations.
These organizations based in New Zealand provide different kind of services to the European
organizations which have responded. The most important, provided to all European organization are
the support of experts and staffs exchange (to all of them), followed by the support of networks (7)
and the organizations of workshops.
Figure 3: Services provided by the partners based in NZ
Cooperation of European organizations based in the EU with European organizations based in NZ
3 out of the 8 European organizations are cooperating with European organizations (from France, the
United Kingdom and Finland) based in New Zealand. 2 of them are cooperating with their countrys
embassy or representation in NZ (France and United Kingdom). The organization from United
Kingdom is also cooperating with the EU Delegation in New Zealand. Also, 1 organization from
Finland is cooperating with 1 EU research, funding or business organization.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 Supporting exchange ofexperts and staff
Supporting network
Organizing workshops
Representation of services orproducts
Offering training
Facilitating conference
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6
6
2
1
1
Researchorganisation
University
Research fundingagency
Cluster
Others
Overall, 16 organizations are in favor of settling an STI JELO in NZ (25.40 % out of the organizations
interested in STI JELOs / 17.02% of the total respondents) and 30 organizations are not interested.
1. Profile of the organizations interested in settling an STI JELO in New Zealand
Origin and type of the organizations:
Responding organizations in favor of settling an STI JELO in NZ are from 11 different countries. The
most represented countries are Czech Republic (4), Portugal (2) and Croatia (2). All the other
countries are represented by one organization (see the table below for the details regarding the
geographical distribution).
CountryNumber ofanswers
Czech Republic 4
Portugal 2
Croatia 2
Israel 1
United Kingdom 1
Slovenia 1
Serbia 1
Finland 1Slovakia 1
Switzerland 1
Hungary 1
Figure 5: Distribution per country of organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ
They are almost all public research organizations except one (cluster). They are mostly research
organizations (6) and universities (6).
Figure 6: Kind of organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ
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The figure below presents the organizations interested in having an STI JELO in New Zealand,
combining both criteria (geographical origin and type of organization).
Figure 7: Organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ
Most of these organizations are conducting applied research (14), basic research (13) and innovation
activities (9). Research management (7), translational research (5) and research funding (7) are the
activities which are the less conducted in the European organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ.
Figure 8: Activities conducted in the European organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ
Main research areas of the organizations:
Biotechnology, chemistry, environment and climate, material sciences and nanotechnology (9) are the
most represented research area, followed by energy and ICT (8). On the contrary agriculture and
forestry, raw materials and space and marine research are the less represented research areas amongst
the organizations interested in settling an STI JELO in New Zealand.
02468
10
1214
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Figure 9: Research areas of the European organizations interested in an STI JELO in NZ
Focus on the European organizations having cooperation with NZ organizations:
Out of the 8 European organizations which have cooperation with NZ organizations, 6 have replied to
this question. 4 of them are in favor of having an STI JELO (25% of the organizations interested in
having an STI JELO in NZ). More precisely, 3 are in favor of an office together with other
representations and 1 in the format of a separate office. Among the remaining organizations, 2 are
against the implementation of an STI JELO in NZ and 2 have not answered this question.
2. Preferred structure and services of STI JELO:
A great majority (81.25%) of the organizations in favor of settling an STI JELO in NZ would prefer to
have a physical structure (slightly above the average rate of positive answer for settling an STI JELO
for all countries, 71.43%).
If the organizations were interested in having a physical structure, they were asked to further precise
the nature of the structure: a separate office or a joint office with other organizations. The majority of
the respondents are in favor of an office together with other representations (61.53%) as shows the
figure below (Fig. 5). This percentage is a bit lower than the average of positive answer for settling an
STI JELO for all countries (75.55%).
Figure 10: Preference on the nature of the physical STI JELO structure (number)
No geographical preference was expressed as far as New Zealand is concerned.
0123456789
Biotechnology
Chemistry
Environmentand
Materialsciences
EnergyICT
Biology
Earthsciences
Foodandhealthydiet
Healthandmedical
SocialSciencesand
Bio-basedindustries
Engineering
Physics
ResearchInfrastructure
Aquaticresources
Industrialtechnologies
Mathematics
Agricultureandforestry
RawMaterials
Space
5
8
Separate Office
Office together with otherrepresentations
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Services expected from an STI JELO:
Figure 11: Services expected from an STI JELO
The main services expected from an STI JELO in NZ are networking (16), joint funding (14) and
promoting participation in H2020 (13).
Few respondents seem to be interested in having an STI JELO in New Zealand (only 17.01%).
However, some countries are under-represented in this survey as Germany (6.38%), Italy (2.13%) and
the United Kingdom (4.26%) while some other countries are over-represented. It raises the question of
the representability of this sampleand how much we can rely on these results.
0
10
20
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64 4
7
3 6
3 3 5
8
3 0
N R
10
( BILATRUSA)
:
S O R:
O I (2), G (2), F (1) S (1).
T O O R :
1. T
(F)
2. T H U (I)
3.
T R (G)
4. T R D S
C R P (S).
I I O
R A, A, B, C, M, S
A USA. O G O R
B, USA J, G O
O C. T S O R
A, A, B, C, C, S K M, S
A, USA J.
T O
O C: R, A, A, B,
C, C, S K, M, S A, USA, J N Z. I
R .
F 1: N O
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H O ( F, I G) R
R. T
(F, I, G) ,
(I), (I G),
(I G) ,
(F I), (I G),
.
F 2: S
R R
A
A
L
F
M
C
DIFFICLIE EEIECED I HE EABLIHME
AD MAAGEME F FFICE I IA
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T O R
: (F, G), STI F
(G), (F, G),
(F, G), (G), (F, I,
G), (F, G), L IPR
(I), (I).
F 3: S R R
M I
F
F
(, )
L I F
EICE FFEED B EEEAI I IA
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T O C
E R R (F, I, G), G
R (S) EU D (F). O I
O .
I EU
O R.
F 4: S R R
C' E
G
E D
MECHAIM F F EEEAI
I IA
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T O R
H C E (F),
G (G), CDTI (S), O
(G). T I O .
F 5: F R R
H C
E
G
'
H
CDI
F
FIACIG F EEEAI I IA
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T R 33%
O , 31 O. T
C E R
(13%), EU D R (2%), EU ,
(5%), N R (12%), R G O
(21%) (.. U I, 10%). O
94 O 44
R.
F 6: C R
C
C' E
REU D
EU ,
.R NGO
R GOU,R I,
O
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W
STI J E L O T C, 63
O ( 67% ) , 31 O ( 33% ) .
F 7: P STI JELO T
C
W T C 27
R (29%), 20 A (21%), 20
A (21%), 38 B (40%), 30 C (32%), 42
C (45%), 25 S K (27%), 22 M
(23%), 16 N Z (17%), 24 S A (26%), 41
USA (44%) 30 J (32%).
T R , :
O
C.
P
67%
N
33%
I
JEL C
P N
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11 ( ESASTAP )
F 5.5%, S A. A
, STI JELO S A.
H
M /
I
(J)
P
S
B P S
,
, ,
S
(M)
F R&D
;
,
F
,
S
S
F(M) P E,
, H,
M STI F , ,
,
,
,
G
(M)
H, ,
,
R ,
,
: ,
( )
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69
O , I
B. T S
A S A
( B U) . I
, J
S A U ,
U, S
A U.
N (.. , , .) I
S A. T . O , B
P, . F
M F A. B STI JELO
S A , .
P STI JELO :
N , , ,
;
J , ,
, ;
J , , H 2020;
B EEN (E E N) .
T I U ( E STI , , .). T B U
EU
EU .
A / STI JELO
EU E L . E
&
S A, E ,
H E .
T S A S;
G ; F
IRD/CNRS.
B E, M E
C, S .
I RD&I
S .
T S A S
R&D S A ,
.
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70
T
. W ,
.
S S S S A; . T
STI JELO S A
.
C/ID J F E S A
F ARI: L C N R S (CNRS)
F I R D (IRD). W F,
, IRD
, , . CNRS
, , , , , , , ,
. S 2015, T F
M
CIRAD, CNRS/IRD
.
N . H,
. T
STI F ,
, .
S F
IRD
CNRS . T F STI J E L O S A
. T E
IRD & CNRS S A, STI F
, , , ,
.
W STI JELO, EU
(: A A), E
E . I
. T
STI JELO ,
, , H2020 .
G E
M, G. I
, , , . T . T
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71
.
F , S A S A; S
A
S A A . C A E S A.
N S A
. T ,
. T
,
.
T
. T STI JELO S A.
29% ( 5 ),
S A.
T , .
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H
C
3
:
2
1
B
,
,
,
,
R
&
A , B, B ,
B, C, E , ,
E , E C C, F
, H , ICT, M
, , , R
I, S S
H 2
:
1 1
B
,
,
,
I
,
R
B, B , B, C,
E , , E, E
C C, ICT, I , M , , , R
, S & S
F 5
:
4 R
,
1
A
,
,
,
I
,
R
A , A , B, B
, B, C, E ,
, E, E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M ,, , R I, S
& S
2
:
1 R
,
1 R
B
,
,
,
A , A , B,
B, C, , E, E
C C, F , H
, ICT, I , M
, , R
I
G 3
:
1 I
I
(P), 2
R
(P
)
B
,
,
,
,
A , B, B ,
B, C, E , ,
E, E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M ,
, , R I, S
S
2 R A , A , B, B
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, B, C, E ,
E, E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M , R
, S
2
:
1 R
,
1 U
B
,
,
E
,
,
,
B, C, E , , E
C C, H , M
, , R
I
F 1
A
, ,
E
,
T
,
,
A , B, B ,
B, , E C C,I , R I, S
1
A
,
,E
,
,
I
A , A , B,
B, C, E , ,
E, E C C, F , H , ICT, I
, M , R
, M , S
1
R
N/A
G 2
:
A
, ,
T
,
I
,
R
B, B , B, C,
, E, E C C, F , H , ICT,
I , M
, M , R &
I 1
I
I 1
1
I
1
I 1
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B 1
:
I
1
I 1
P S A
W S A, 41%
S A 37%
E S A. O , 26%
NG O S A, 15% EU ,
15% EU D S A S A
.
E A 37%
E D A 15%
E , 15% 26%
G 41%
15%
S
R ,
56% 41%.
O 33%, 26%, STI 22%,
/ S A.
11%
M I 22%
F 26%
26%
33%
56%
41%L I 7%
4%
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26% : 24
STI J E L O S A.
T ,
.
H
C
4
:
3
1
B
,
,
,
A , B, B ,
B, C, E , ,
E , E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M ,, , R I, S
S
H 2
:
1
1
B
,
,
,
I
,R
B, B , B, C,
E , , E, E
C C, ICT, I , M
, , , R
, S & S
F 3
:
2 R
,
1
B
,
,
,
,
I
,
R
A , A , B,
B, C, E , E,
E C C, F ,
H , M
, , R , R
I, S
2
:
1 R
,
1 R
B
,
,
,
A , A , B,
B, C, , E, E
C C, F , H
, ICT, I , M
, , R
I
G 3
:
1 I
B
,
A , A , B, B
, B, C, E ,
, E, E C C, F
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I,
2 R
,
,
,
,
, H , ICT, I
, M
S
1
B
,
,
E , , E C C
F 1
A
,
,
E,
T
,
I
,
R
A , B, B ,
B, , E C C,
I , R I, S
1
A
,
,
E
,T
,
I
,
R
A , A , B, B
, B, C, E ,
, E, E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M , R, M , R I,
S
I 2
:
1 &
1
A
,
,
E
,
T,
I
,
R
A , A , B, B
, B, C, E ,
, E C C, F
, H , ICT, I
, M , R
, M , R I,S
1
A
,
,
I
,
R
&
ICT
L 1 I
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I
A
I 1
I
,
R
&
A , A , B, B
, B, C, E ,
, F , H ,
ICT, I , M
C 1
R
N
B 1
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P STI JELO
(
.. E
D)
42%
(I ) 29%
29%
F & STI JELO
( , ,
,
, .)
100%
( , , .) 79%
( E STI
, , .)
79%
J ( ,
, , ,
.)
67%
J ( , ,
.)
83%
H 2020 75%
E
62,5%
E 46%
B EE (E E N) 37,5%
A
STI J E L O. B
S A, STI JELO
. T
S A ( ,
, , , , )
.
S ,
,
( ) . S
E ,
.
T STI JELO EU
EEN . T
S A
EU .
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79
S E
H 2020. T STI JELO
,
, H 2020. I
H2020 , E
, H2020 / .
T , STI JELO
.
F, ,
H
E .
L, S A,
P J. S /
.
F &
F
STI JELO S A. C
,
,
.
D E
S A. T
. T STI JELO EU ,
E
E . F , STI JELO
. F , E STI JELO'
.
;
.
F , ( )
. W
,
STI JELO .
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80
E
STI JELO . T E
S A.
C . I ,
STI JELO.
O &
STI JELO. R ( , , )
. L,
, S A
.
T E
STI JELO S A. 24%
S A, E
S A .
A E 79%, 21%. C , 42%
, 33% , 12,5% , 12,5%
( ).
R & STI JELO S A,
. I ,
S A . S E
,
E H2020 EU. O
, . T
STI JELO
EUS A
, . I
S A . C
E , 71%
P 42% EU S
A, 29% ).
T : ,
,
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81
E
S A.
C E S A,
,
P
STI JELO S A
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12 ( BILAT USA 2.0)
I JEL A ( )
65% (41/63) STI JELO E (
7) STI JELO USA. T
STI JELO USA STI
JELO .
41 A/63
I , , P
(0/2), G (0/1), F (2/9) S (0/2) STI JELO USA,
, S, C, S, H, S, L
C R (7/8). T ,
, STI JELO USA C R.
7/8
2/2
2/2
2/3
0/1
0/2
2/4
2/2
1/2
2/2
2/9
2/3
2/5
1/1
2/2
I:2/3 M: 1/1 C: 1/1
0/2
2/2
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
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I , U.S. ,
, .. N Y W D.C. E ; S F W .
I JEL A
R U 68% (14 34% )
STI JELO USA (41). R , O
, T , U SME 32%
.
P R , U, R , T
O , , STI JELO
USA .
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
P
P
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0 5 10 15 20 25 30
ICT
M N
B
E
H
E
E C C
S
B
C
I
E
B
F
M
P
A
R IA
R
S
I JEL A
M 50% STI JELO USA ICT (63%),
M N , B, E, H ,
E / E C C (51%).
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85
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
S
R
F
S
O
M STI F
O
O
L IPR
T 8 USA ( 9) F (2;
, O ), G (2;
, ), I (2;
, ), G (1 SME),
S (1 ).
Public organisation Private Other organisation
France Research organisation Other organisation
Germany Government funded organisation Research organization
Israel University Research organization
Greece SME
Spain Research funding agency
W STI
JELO USA ( 11), , , F,
G, S , ,
E STI JELO USA. N, ,
I, ,
E STI L O USA .
I