Operating Cycle

• Operating Cycle

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Asset Current assets

1 Current assets are cash and other assets expected to be converted to

cash or consumed either in a year or in the operating cycle (whichever is

longer), without disturbing the normal operations of a business.

These assets are continually turned over in the course of a business during normal business activity.

There are 5 major items included into current assets:


History of the steam engine - Watt's separate condenser

1 Watt never ceased improving his designs. This further improved the operating cycle speed, introduced

governors, automatic valves, double-acting pistons, a variety of rotary power takeoffs and many other

improvements. Watt's technology enabled the widespread commercial

use of stationary steam engines.


Molten salt battery - Durathon

1 Cycle Life: >3,000 operating cycles at 80 percent DOD on a

two-hour rate


Compressed air energy storage - Existing hybrid systems

1 Huntorf, Germany in 1978, and McIntosh, Alabama, U.S. in 1991

commissioned hybrid power plants. Both systems use off-peak energy for air compression. The McIntosh plant achieves its 24-hour operating cycle by burning a natural gas/compressed

air mix.


Nuclear reactor - Fueling of nuclear reactors

1 The number of full-power days in a reactor's operating cycle (between refueling outage times) is related to

the amount of fissile uranium-235 (U-235) contained in the fuel assemblies

at the beginning of the cycle


Nuclear reactor - Fueling of nuclear reactors

1 At the end of the operating cycle, the fuel in some of the assemblies is

"spent" and is discharged and replaced with new (fresh) fuel

assemblies, although in practice it is the buildup of reaction poisons in nuclear fuel that determines the

lifetime of nuclear fuel in a reactor


Nuclear fuel cycle - Interim storage

1 After its operating cycle, the reactor is shut down

for refueling


Energy demand management - Types of Energy Demand Management

1 As this switching would only advance or delay the appliance operating

cycle by a few seconds, it would be unnoticeable to the end user


Dynamic demand (electric power)

1 As this switching would only advance or delay the appliance operating

cycle by a few seconds, it would be unnoticeable to the end user


Wankel engine - Advantages

1 A Wankel rotary engine has stronger flows of air-fuel mixture and a longer operating cycle than a reciprocating

engine, realizing concomitantly thorough mixing of hydrogen and air


Mathematical model - Model classifications in mathematics

1 For example, a jet engine's physical properties such as turbine and nozzle throat

areas can be explicitly calculated given a design thermodynamic cycle (air and fuel

flow rates, pressures, and temperatures) at a specific flight condition and power setting, but the engine's operating cycles at other

flight conditions and power settings cannot be explicitly calculated from the constant

physical properties.


Corporate finance - Working capital

1 (Another measure is gross operating cycle which is the same as net

operating cycle except that it does not take into account the creditors

deferral period.)


Methods engineering - Ideal method development

1 Synchronous servicing is defined as the process where a machine is

assigned to more than one operator, and the assigned operators and machine are occupied during the

whole operating cycle


PDP-8 - Description

1 To save money, these were all used for multiple purposes at different

points in the operating cycle


Cycle responder - Training

1 Some organisations operating cycle responders offer specific training to staff or volunteers undertaking the

role. They may use their own training, or conform to an external standard, such as Bikeability or the International Police Mountain Bike

Association (IPMBA).


Cash conversion cycle

1 In management accounting, the 'Cash conversion cycle' ('CCC') measures how long a firm will be deprived of cash

if it increases its investment in resources in order to expand customer

sales.[http://www.readyratios.com/reference/asset/cash_conversion_cycle.html Cash Conversion Cycle (Operating

Cycle)] It is thus a measure of the liquidity risk entailed by growth.[http://www.bus.iastate.edu/campcj/fin310/Ch22_L

iquidity_Mngmt_EFS_e3.ppt Cash and Working Capital Management] However, shortening the CCC creates its

own risks: while a firm could even achieve a negative CCC by collecting from customers before paying suppliers, a

policy of strict collections and tax payments is not always sustainable.


Cash conversion cycle - Derivation

1 Knowledge of any three of these conversion cycles permits derivation

of the fourth (leaving aside the operating cycle, which is just the sum of the inventory conversion

period and the receivables conversion period.)


Money market fund - Systemic Risk and Regulatory Reform

1 They would borrow here as they experienced their deepest cash

needs over an operating cycle to temporarily finance short-term build

ups in inventory and receivables


Balanced Automatics Recoil System - Long-stroke piston

1 With a long-stroke system, the piston is mechanically fixed to the bolt

group and moves through the entire operating cycle


Balanced Automatics Recoil System - Short-stroke piston

1 In either case, the energy is imparted in a short, violent push and the motion of the gas piston is then arrested allowing the bolt carrier assembly to continue through the

operating cycle through kinetic energy


RP-1 - Comparison with other fuels

1 Recent heavy-hydrocarbon engines have modified components and new

operating cycles, in attempts to better manage leftover fuel, achieve

a more-gradual cooldown, or both


Current asset

1 In accounting, a 'current asset' is any asset reasonably expected to be sold, consumed, or exhausted

through the normal operations of a business within the current fiscal

year or operating cycle (whichever period is longer)


Executive development - Best Practices

1 * Shorten the timeline – Especially in light of budget cutbacks that are all too common in organizations today, it is important that development is

focused on solving current operating cycle issues and challenges.

Development plans that span many quarters risk never being fully

implemented.


Current liabilities

1 In accountancy|accounting, 'current liabilities' are often understood as all

Liability (financial accounting)|liabilities of the business that are to be settled in cash within the fiscal

year or the operating cycle of a given firm, whichever period is longer.


Current liabilities

1 An operating cycle for a firm is the average time that is required to go

from cash to cash in producing revenues


Marine propulsion - Reciprocating diesel engines

1 *Their operating cycle: two-stroke engine or four-stroke engine


Catalytic converter - Unwanted reactions

1 For example, when control of hydrogen-sulfide emissions is desired, nickel or

manganese is added to the washcoat. Both substances act to block the absorption (chemistry)|absorption of sulfur by the

washcoat. Hydrogen sulfide is formed when the washcoat has absorbed sulfur during a

low-temperature part of the operating cycle, which is then released during the

high-temperature part of the cycle and the sulfur combines with HC.


Pump-action - Operating cycle

1 After firing a round, the bolt is unlocked and the forend is free to move. The shooter pulls

back on the forend to begin the operating cycle. The bolt unlocks and begins to move to the rear, which extracts and ejects the empty shell from the chamber, cocks the hammer,

and begins to load the new shell. In a tubular magazine design, as the bolt moves

rearwards, a single shell is released from the magazine, and is pushed backwards to come

to rest on the elevator.


Amtrak Cascades - Funding

1 The five trainsets are organized into semi-regular operating cycles, but no particular train always has one route.


Turbodiesel - Characteristics

1 Naturally aspirated diesels, almost without exception, have a lower

power output than a petrol engine of the same capacity whilst the same time requiring stronger (and thus

heavier) internal components such as the pistons and crankshaft to

withstand the greater stresses of the diesel engine's operating cycle


Recoil operation - Design

1 In non-recoil-operated firearms, it is generally the entire firearm that recoils. However, in

recoil-operated firearms, only a portion of the firearm recoils while inertia holds another

portion motionless relative to a mass such as the ground, a ship's gun mount, or a human

holding the firearm. The moving and the motionless masses are coupled by a spring that absorbs the recoil energy as it is compressed by

the movement and then expands providing energy for the rest of the operating cycle.


Blowback (arms) - Principle of operation

1 Certain guns will use energy from blowback to perform the entire

operating cycle (these are typically designs using relatively low power ammunition) while others will use a portion of the blowback to operate only certain parts of the cycle or

simply use the blowback energy to enhance the operational energy from

another system of automatic operation.


Lever escapement - Draw

1 The reliability of the modern lever escapement depends upon draw; the

pallets are angled so that the escape wheel must recoil a small amount during the unlocking. The draw holds the lever against the

banking during the detached portion of the operating cycle. Draw angle is

typically about 15 degrees to the radial.


Panama Canal locks - The gates

1 The gates can be opened only when, in the operating cycle, the water level on both sides

is equal.


Mercury switch - Disadvantages

1 Mercury switches have disadvantages when compared with other types in

certain applications. Mercury switches have a relatively slow operating rate due

to the inertia of the mercury drop, so they are not used when many operating cycles are required per second.David W.

Pessen, Industrial automation: circuit design and components,Wiley-IEEE, 1989

ISBN 0-471-60071-7, page 44


Pistol slide

1 The 'slide' is the part of the weapon on a majority of semi-automatic pistols that moves

during the operating cycle and generally houses the firing pin or striker and the

extractor, and serves as the Bolt (firearm)|bolt. It is spring-loaded so that once it has moved to its rearmost position in the firing cycle, spring tension brings it back to the

starting position chambering a fresh cartridge during the motion provided that the

magazine (firearms)|magazine is not empty.


Pinsetter

1 * 'Rake/Sweep Bar' - removes fallen and leftover pins from the pin deck

area of the lane. The sweep may also stay lowered throughout the table

operating cycle, to act as the primary physical protective barrier against

improperly thrown balls


HK P7M13 - Operating mechanism

1 The advantages of this system are a simpler manufacturing process due to the absence of a locking system

and a high mechanical accuracy due to the barrel being fixed in the frame; the barrel does not execute any sort

of lateral or vertical movement during the operating cycle as with the prolific Browning cam-action

systems used extensively in other locked breech pistols.


Panama Canal expansion project - Water-saving basins

1 The water used per lock operating cycle is therefore equal to the amount of water that

flows into the first (upper) lock chamber when filling it from Gatun Lake. Reducing this

volume requires reducing the chamber's width, length, or elevating height. Note that

the elevating height has already been reduced by staging the total elevation

change into three locks. Were this change done in a single lock chamber, the water

volume lost would be three times as much.


PVAR rifle - Design

1 Where in the Direct Gas Impingement System pressurized gas

is used throughout the operating cycle, the UDMC PVAR System

utilizes instead mechanical energy for more effective and more reliable

cycling


Nuclear reactor technology - Fueling of nuclear reactors

1 The number of full-power days in a reactor's operating cycle (between refueling outage times) is related to

the amount of fissile uranium-235 (U-235) contained in the fuel assemblies

at the beginning of the cycle


Nuclear reactor technology - Fueling of nuclear reactors

1 At the end of the operating cycle, the fuel in some of the assemblies is

spent and is discharged and replaced with new (fresh) fuel assemblies,

although in practice it is the buildup of Neutron poison|reaction poisons in

nuclear fuel that determines the lifetime of nuclear fuel in a reactor


Tschudi engine - Steam engines

1 The term swing-piston is not entirely accurate in these cases, but the

operating cycle is identical and is properly considered here.


Bourke engine - Operation

1 The operating cycle is very similar to that of a current production spark

ignition two-stroke cycle|two-stroke with crankcase compression, with

two modifications:


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Operating Cycle