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安科 Permanent-magnet MRI System (OPENMARK 5000) User’s Guide Vol.Ⅰ
Equipment Manual Version: 1.0
Shenzhen Anke High-tech Co., Ltd. Add: 26 Yanshan Road, Shekou, Shenzhen, China Tel: (86) (755) 2668 8889 Fax: (86) (755) 2669 5307 Website: ww))w.anketech.com Post Code: 518067
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Contents
Foreword 3
Chapter 1 Safety 6
1.1 Warning Signs and Forbidden Signs 6
1.2 External Signs 7
1.3 Safety Prompts Used in This Manual 9
1.4 Safety Precautions 10
1.5 Alarm System 24
1.6 Manufactuerer’s Responsibility 24
Chapter 2 Structure and Components of the Equipment 25
2.1 Structure of the Equipment 25
2.2 Components of the Equipment 28
2.3 Brief Introduction of Operating Principle 38
2.4 Transporting and Storing of the Components 39
2.5 Key Performance Index 39
Chapter 3 Routine Operation Guide 41
3.1 Routine Scan Procedure Reference 41
3.2 Startup and Shutdown 41
3.3 Console Operation 43
3.4 Patient Table Operation 44
3.5 Usage of Coils 50
Chapter 4 Equipment Maintenance Guide 56
4.1 Monitoring Equipment Status 56
4.2 Maintaining Equipment 57
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 61
Chapter 6 Guidance and Manufacturer’s Declaration– IEC 60601-1-2 65
Appendix A: Guide for Auxiliary Power Supply 69
Appendix B: Guide for Ankle Joint Supporter 72
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Foreword
Thank you for using OPENMARK 5000 double column Type Permanent-magnet MRI System made by
Anke. This system can image whole human body with various views, obtaining anatomic, physiological
and biological information in diagnostic medicine. It is mainly used to examine and diagnose for pathologic
changes of tumors, blood vessels, infections, surgical trauma, congenital malformation, as well as
retrograde affection.
For operating this system safely and reliably, please read the manuals carefully and thoroughly before
operation.
Manufacturer:
Full Name of Manufacturer: Shenzhen Anke High-Tech Co., Ltd.
Abbreviation of Manufacturer: Anke
Address of Manufacturer: 26 Yanshan Road, Shekou, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518067, P.R.China
Post Code: 518067
Tel: (86) (755) 2668 8889
Fax: (86) (755) 2669 5307
Website: www.anketech.com
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Recording Number of Name, Type, Product Registration Number and Product Standard of this System
Name: MRI System
Type: ASM-050P (OPENMARK 5000)
Product Registration Number:
Product Standard Number:
The meaning of CE mark (only applicable to EC market)
“CE” mark originates from the abbreviation of European Community (Commeunante Euorpeenne in
French). It indicates that the device meets the essential requirements of the medical device directives of
European Community and is allowed to be legally launched to the market of European Community. In
addition, it also indicates that the device has passed the conformity audit in accordance with the procedures
of the European Community Medical Device Directives. The four digits after CE mark are the code of the
Notified Body.
CE mark certification channel selected by Anke (only applicable to EC market)
In accordance with MDD 93/42/EEC, Annex II.3 for medical devices of Europe Community, the
certification is done through overall quality assurance system (ISO 13485+ISO 9001) and audit and
supervision by the Notified Body.
Product Classification (only applicable to EC market)
In accordance with MDD 93/42/EEC: Annex XI Clause 10 for medical devices of Europe Community, the
diagnostic device intended to provide energy for human body to absorb but excluding those visible light
radiating human body is classified to be Class IIa device.
Anke’s representative in Europe Community (only applicable to EC market)
Anke’s representative in Europe Community: B-K Medical A/S
Anke’s representative in Europe Community in short: B-K Medical
Addres: World Headquarters, Mileparken 34, DK 2730 Herlev, Danmark
Contact phone: (45) 44528100 Fax: (45) 44528199
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Duties and Responsibilities of Anke’s representative in the Europe Community (only applicable to EC market)
B-K Medical as Anke authorized representative in EC market will perform the following duties and
responsibilities on behalf of Anke:
B-K Medical shall keep the latest technical files and product changes information for the CE marked
products (such files shall be kept for at least 5 years after the last batch of products). If you have any
questions, please contact B-K Medical and you will get satisfactory answers.
If there is any accident of the CE marked products you purchased from Anke, please notify B-K medical
immediately and B-K medical will contact Anke and assist to investigate the causes and report to the
authority in specified time period.
Please notify B-K Medical of all information (including complaints) related to CE marked products of Anke
sold on the EC market. B-K Medical will forward your information to Anke and give you satisfactory
answers.
Product Safety Classification: (According to IEC60601-1)
Class I, Type B, Ordinary equipment
Disinfection: See section 1.4.1
It is forbidden to operate this system in the environment with inflammable anesthetic gas, oxygen and
nitrous oxide.
This system works continuously.
Important Declaration of Anke
The content in this guide is subject to change without notification.
The copyright is reserved by Anke. Any reproduction in any form without permission is forbidden.
User of the system please translates the warning signs and forbidden signs in local official language
and makes them into warning boards, and hangs them on the entrance of the scan room.
Interpretation right of this manual is reserved by Anke.
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Chapter 1 Safety Precautions
This equipment has strong magnetic field, high voltage, heavy current and mechanical movement
components. Please follow the following safety precautions to safeguard personnel safety.
1.1 Warning Signs and Prohibition Signs
Warning: magnetic field
This equipment uses permanent magnet that keeps the same
magnetic field strength, regardless of the system being on or
not.
Warning: non-ionizing radiation
This equipment generates high frequency electromagnetic
field during operation.
Prohibition: no access for person with pacemaker
Person with pacemaker is forbidden to enter the scan room.
Otherwise, that will result in serious and fatal injury.
Prohibition: no access for person with metal implants
Person with metal implant such as metal implant or foreign
metal matter in eyeball is forbidden to enter the scan room.
Otherwise, that will result in serious and fatal injury.
Prohibition: no metallic pieces or watches
Forbidden: unfixed ferromagnetic articles
Unfixed ferromagnetic articles such as pens, keys, glasses,
ornaments, hair pins and coins are forbidden to take into scan
room.
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Forbidden: ferromagnetic tools
Ferromagnetic tools are forbidden to take into scan room.
Forbidden: ferromagnetic carts
Ferromagnetic carts are forbidden to take into scan room.
Forbidden: ferromagnetic containers
Any ferromagnetic container is forbidden to take into scan
room.
Forbidden: magnetic sensitive articles
Magnetic sensitive articles such as credit card, disk, magnetic
record medium and watch, hearing aides, camera, and mobile
phone are forbidden to take into scan room. Data and property
may be damaged.
The above warning Signs and Forbidden signs should be hung on obvious places at the entrance of scan
room.
1.2 External Signs
Alternative current
N Connection point for the neutral conductor
Protective Earth (Ground)
Earth (Ground)
Attention, consult accompanying documents
Operating instructions
Comply with WEEE Directive
Off (Power: disconnection from the mains)
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On (Power: connection to the mains)
“Off” (only for a part of equipment)
“On” (only for apart of equipment)
Equipotentiality
Dangerous Voltage
Serial Number
Manufacturer
Authorized Representative
Type B applied part
Notified body’s code
非专业人员勿动No User Repairable Parts
It is forbidden to operate the equipments
tagged this sign without permission by
manufacturer.
MR专用插座Socket For MR
Any other equipment is forbidden to use the
socket for MR without permission by
manufacturer.
小心拖动Move With Care
When pulling or pushing patient table,
operator should put hand on handle of
bedstead or knob of bedplate, don’t put your
hands between bedstead and bedplate or the
shell of magnet for fear of crash.
小心拖动机箱，防止机柜倾倒
Pull Drawers CarefullyCabinet May Lose Balance
Keep balance of gravity center of component
when moving equipment in test and repair.
Safeguard personal and equipment in safety.
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警告1.避免激光直射病人眼部Prompt patient to close eyes and mustn'tstare at laser beam.2.移动病床时，小心病床夹手Patient table is prone to clip bodyparts of patient during moving.
When positioning, please prompt patient to
close eyes and mustn’t stare at laser beam.
Various gaps on the patient table is prone to
clip body parts, such as finger, hair, clothes,
etc.
Nameplate of Product Manufacturer: Shenzhen Anke High-Tech
Co., Ltd.
Model Number: ASM-050P
Trade Name: OPENMARK 5000
Trade Mark:
Power Supply: 380V 3N~
Power Frequency: 50Hz
Input Power: 15kVA
Classification:
1.3 Safety Prompts Used in This Manual
In this manual, the prompts of safety will be in following three methods.
Prompts that It may cause personal injury or casualty.
Caution!
Warning!
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Prompts that it may cause equipment damage.
Prompts that it is very important, but may not cause injury or equipment damage.
1.4 Safety Precautions
1.4.1 Avoiding Cross Infection between Patients.
The coils of this equipment do not be allowed to touch patient’s skin. Every scan patient should use
throughway bed sheet and head cushion sheet.
1.4.2 Pre-screening of Patients and MR Worker
Patients are forbidden to make MR examine and not permitted to enter scan room if their bodies have
cardiac pacemaker, metal foreign body in eyeball, metal tubes and clamps leaved in body after operation
and ferromagnetic substance articles with larger mass. Traumatic patients should be ensured before
examine that there is no metal articles in their body. Patients in emergency treatment and restless patients
who can’t repose for 5 minutes can’t be allowed to make MR examine. The patients with little
ferromagnetic substance, the body part where metal ferromagnetic foreign matter lies in is not applicable
for MR examine. Pay special attention to women within 12 weeks’ gestation. Only trained personal and
physician are permitted to enter scan room.
Warning!
For fear of cross infection between patients, please
don’t touch patient’s skin with the coils of
equipment.
Attention!
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1.4.3 Procedure of Monitoring Patient
User must establish patient monitoring procedure, which ensures that all patients can receive routine
wardship at least. This system always runs in normal operating mode, it is not necessary to consider of
running status and monitoring status under first level and second level controlled operating modes.
The recommended routine monitoring includes opening intercom subsystem when scanning, confirming
that in normal condition intercom subsystem is in the state of operator “listening”. Operator should closely
observe patient’s status through observation window. Medical care personnel or relative of patient should
leave in scan room to care children or serious patients.
1.4.4 Emergency Medical Procedures
User must regulate and carry out concrete emergency medical procedures according to concrete patient
conditions and the existence of magnetic field to ensure in-time medical treatment to patients if they are
attacked or injured during MR examine.
The emergency medical measures must include the requirement how operator pull the Patient Table out
from magnet cavity in emergency.
1.4.5 Excessive Acoustic Noise
According to regulation of clause 26g) in IEC60601-2-33 special requirement for medical MR equipment
(Hereinafter called IEC60601-2-33), the measured max A-weighted effective SPL (Sound Pressure Level)
of this equipment is less than 99 dB (A) in any normal running condition. That in the control desk is less
than 45dB (A).
In spite of the noise in magnetic cavity of this equipment being lower than the regulation in IEC60601-2-33,
the operator is still responsible to tell the patient that there will be noise in the scan process to make
necessary mind preparation. You can jam up patient’s ears with one-off medical absorbent cotton to reduce
disturbance of noise to patients.
Warning!
Pre-screening of patients must be performed
before MR examine. Patients who are not
applicable for MR examine will be injured in scan
room.
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Operator is responsible to alarm patient who is sensitive to noise, such as baby, pregnant woman, elders.
Take special protection for these patients and pay attention to their acceptable sound pressure level.
For newborn baby or premature baby who can not use normal ear protection or any other protection,
operator should have training experience of handling protection reasonably.
Pay seriously attention to unconscious patient as anesthesia patient, ever though their protection is under
normal sound pressure level.
1.4.6 Controlled Access Area
User is responsible to obey the local legal requirement about entering controlled access area. It is necessary
to determine and establish a controlled access area around the MR equipment to ensure that the magnetic
field strength at any point out of this area is not more than 0.5 mT.
The controlled access area of this equipment is scan room (5mX5m), its center is at the center of magnetic
machine.
In the process of installation, the controlled access area is restrained in scan room. For the personal and
equipment safety, the warning and forbidden signs provided by our company should be hung up on the
obvious place of entrance of scan room (See section 1.1 for the content). User must obey the above
regulations and is responsible to prompt patients and other relative personnel to pay attention to.
Unapproved patients are not allowed to enter scan room. He who is permitted to enter should read warning
and prohibitive Signs outside the gate of scan room carefully and make sure that there is no metal implant
and active implant in body and taking no ferromagnetic substance articles before entering scan room.
Warning!
Persons without permission may ignore warning
signs and maybe injure in scan room.
Attention!
Jam up patient’s ears before scanning.
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Only special non magnetic tools equipped with this machine can be used in routine inspection and
maintenance in scan room, such as 8" non magnetic adjustable wrench, 6" non magnetic “-“ screw driver, 8"
non magnetic “+” screws driver and 10" non magnetic “-“ screw driver. Other tools and equipment are not
allowed to use in scan room with permission by maintenance personnel of our Company.
Peripheral equipment such as monitoring device, life-holdout device and emergency nursing device are
forbidden to take into scan room, for these devices may be disturbed by radio frequency field or magnetic
field and may disturb the normal functions of this equipment.
1.4.7 Radio Frequency magnetic field
With the purpose of avoiding risk rising by partial RF over heat, operator must pay attention to:
Alarm patient take down all metal, metallic clothes or metallics from their body. Metal ferromagnetic
foreign matter, electric matter and implants are forbidden to exit in sensitive area of RF transmitting coil.
Use transdermal drug with caution which would bring subcutaneous burn.
It should be told to patient that skin touching may create partial body galvanic circle. Alarm patient avoid
touching from skin to skin, such as: touching between inside thigh and thigh, crus and crus, hand and hand,
hand and body, ankle and ankle.
Patient wearing moist clothes is forbidden to enter RF magnetic field.
Alarm patient not touch the RF transmitting coil surface and cables or wiring around of RF coils by body or
limbs.
Operator is just allow to use ECG poles and leads compatible with MRI system and within usage period.
Warning!
Unapproved tools and equipments maybe lose
control in scan room.
Warning!
Unapproved peripheral equipment may disturbed
by radio frequency field or magnetic field and
can’t work normally; or may disturb the normal
functions of this equipment.
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Operator should keep a strict filtration of the patient who takes sedative, lose consciousness of all body or
partial, to avoid risk caused by that patient can not warn operator overheat or tissue damage.
Operator should be responsible to make sure there is no unconnected receiving coil or cable inside RF
transmitting coil while scanning.
1.4.8 Operating Modes
Any switching time of gradient under normal operating mode of this equipment is more than 500
microseconds, according to the regulations of clause 51.102 in IEC60601-2-33, the detected time rate of
change (dB/dt) of maximum magnetic field is always less than 20T/s.
In any 15 minutes under normal operating mode of this equipment, according to the requirements of clause
51.103 in IEC60601-2-33, the detected SAR in any part of human body is always less than 1.5W/kg.
In clauses of 51.102, 51.103 of IEC60601-2-33, the operating modes of MR equipment include three
modes: normal operating mode, first level controlled operating mode and second level controlled operating
mode according to the difference of time rate of change of magnetic filed and specific absorption rate
(SAR).
This equipment is always running in normal operating mode in any case.
1.4.9 Occupational Exposure
According to clause 6.8.2 kk) of international standard IEC60601-2-33, there is no evidence supports that
static magnetic field and time dependent field have cumulative effect on human body.
1.4.10 Auxiliary Equipment
Any application of auxiliary equipment to the patient, such as physiological monitoring, gating equipment
and RF transmit coils, should be used under the user guide. Any untested and unapproved auxiliary
equipments are not permitted to use. You should strictly follow the discretion by manufacture when using
marked compatible auxiliaries with MR equipment.
Warning!
The use of untested and unapproved auxiliaries of
MR equipment such as physiological monitoring
device, gate control device and RF coil may cause
burn or other injury to patient.
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1.4.11 Fire Protections
User should be responsible for discussing fireproofing affairs and formulating emergency fire measures with
local fire department. Scan Room, Operating Room and Machine Room are forbidden smoking and should be
equipped with necessary fire extinguishing apparatus.
1.4.12 Artifacts
Steps and links in MRI are various and imaging methods are relative complex, so that there are so many kinds
of artifacts. Some artifacts are caused by intrinsic methods or the equipment itself, so that they are called
system artifacts; some are caused by patient’s autokinetic movement or normal physiological motions, they
are called motion artifacts; some are caused by ferromagnetic matters, they are called metal artifacts; some
are caused by hardware fault, they are called fault artifacts.
To reduce the occurrence probability of artifacts and their amplitude and to distinguish the influence of
artifacts is an important subject in MRI field. You should take serious consideration on it.
Some common artifacts and countermeasures are introduced in the following:
1.4.12.1 System Artifacts
Warning!
Nonobservance of the instruction made by
manufacturer when using compatible auxiliaries
with MR equipment, especially the instruction
about riding positions of conductive electrodes,
may injure patient.
Warning!
User should be responsible for discussing
fireproofing affairs and formulating fire
emergency measures with local fire department.
Smoking may cause fire.
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1.4.12.1.1 Aliasing Artifacts
Aliasing artifacts mainly occur in the phase encoding direction because most sequences use over-sampling
anti-wrap technique in frequency encoding direction. When the FOV of scanned image is smaller than the
signal generating area, signals from outside of FOV in the phase encoding direction will appear in the
imaging area after Fourier transform, so that aliasing artifacts occur.
There are many methods to eliminate aliasing artifacts as follows:
Increase FOV. Increasing FOV can eliminate aliasing artifacts, but it declines the resolution of images at
the same time.
Select FOV factors more than 1. FOV factor of 1.5 or 2.0 can reduce the probability of occurrence of
aliasing artifacts because the actual FOV in phase encoding direction is become 1.5 or 2.0 times
compared with the original FOV, which equals to increasing FOV in phase encoding direction. Adding
FOV factor, the resolution of images will remain unchanged but scan time and SNR will increase. So
that you should jointly select NAV to keep scan time and SNR unchanged.
1.4.12.1.2 Truncation Artifacts
When the selected phase encoding number is less than 256, K space is not filled completely: only the central
part of K space is filled, while the data at the edge part of phase encoding direction in K space still remain
zero. In process of Fourier transform imaging, discontinuities between zero and filled data will lead to the
occurrence of artifacts. This kind of artifacts is called truncation artifacts.
Incompleteness of K space filling is not completely equivalent to the lost of high frequency of images, so that
truncation artifacts can be considered as the RESULT of losing high frequency of images.
Truncation artifacts mainly appear in the part where signals change fierily with the form of ringing artifacts
on the two sides of the special part of the image.
The larger phase encoding number is, the smaller truncation artifacts are; the smaller phase encoding number
is, the more serious truncation artifacts are. Taking the relation between phase number and scan time,
resolution and SNR into account, you should balance factors in all directions to reasonably select phase
encoding number.
1.4.12.1.3 Partial volume Effect
Every pixel of image corresponds to a certain actual voxel of body, but the fine structure of corresponded
actual voxel can’t be displayed clearly, which is called partial volume effect.
Because of this theory, the display effect for an image with thickness of 4 mm is better than that of image with
thickness of 10 mm in the same position.
You should reasonably select slice thickness according to actual requirement so as not only to get satisfying
SNR of images but also to reduce the influence of partial volume effect as much as possible.
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1.4.12.1.4 Cross-talking Artifacts
In multi-slice and multi-angle scan, when the defined slices cross in imaging area, black strip will appear on
the images corresponding to the crossing area, which is called cross-talking artifacts.
You should place the cross area to the out side of patient’ body or uninteresting area in the location stage to
eliminate the influence of artifacts on diagnosis.
1.4.12.1.5 Inhomogeneity
The deviation of scanned part to magnet center or coil center can lead to the reduction of homogeneity of the
images.
You should make sure that the interesting part is located in the center of the coil and the coil is located in the
center of magnet as much as possible in the locating process to keep the homogeneity of the image.
Additionally, the absolute value of slice offset should not be set too large.
1.4.12.2 Motion Artifacts
1.4.12.2.1 Motion Artifacts
Any movement and motion can cause artifacts in data acquisition process of Fourier transform imaging. The
data acquisition is actually the process of filling K space. As we known, every pinot in K space contains the
information of the whole image, so that the motion in data acquisition process can influence the whole image
and cause motion artifacts.
Motion artifacts usually appear in the phase encoding direction. To eliminate motion artifacts, you should not
only perform pre-discriminating of patients to avoid scanning unqualified patients, but also prompt patients
not to move in scanning. Pre-saturation is an effective method to reduce or eliminate motion artifacts, i.e. imposing selective
pre-saturation RF pulse to saturate motion tissues, and then exciting the imaging area and acquiring data.
Thus the saturated motion tissues can’t generate MR signals any longer.
Selecting proper parameters and reducing scan time also can reduce the risk of occurrence of motion artifacts.
1.4.12.2.2 Physiological Motion Artifacts
Physiological motions include breath, heartbeat, pulsate, swallowing and so on.
Breath artifacts are motion artifacts caused by the normal breath physiological motion. You should use
abdomen belt to restrict patient’s breath amplitude and increase average to restrict the influence of breath
artifacts.
Heartbeat artifacts are motion artifacts caused by the normal physiological motion of heart. Because the
heart’s motion is periodic, you can adopt ECG gate control method to restrict heartbeat artifacts.
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Pulsate artifacts are motion artifacts caused by pulsate of trunks, another normal physiological motion. You
can select encoding exchange to change the direction of pulsate artifacts so that improve the quality of image
of interesting area.
Swallow artifacts are motion artifacts caused by swallowing motion of the patient. When scanning
nasopharynx or cervical part, operator should prompt patient to restrict swallow as much as possible in
scanning.
You can consider using pre-saturation to eliminate the above motion artifacts according imaging slices.
1.4.12.2.3 Flow Artifacts
The flow of blood and cerebrospinal fluid can cause artifacts on images, which is called flow artifacts.
You can select sequences with flow compensation function to eliminate artifacts caused by flow within slice.
The influence of flow perpendicular to the slice to images is complex to analyze. For SE sequences, if
scanning only one slice, the blood vessels perpendicular to the slice represent low signals, because the flow of
blood lead to difference between blood excited by 90 degrees pulse and blood excited by 180 degrees pulse;
if performing multi-slice scan, the situation becomes extremely complex: the blood may be excited by 90
degrees pulse in a certain slice, and then be excited by 180 degree in another slice, the echo lies on the
acquisition window of the third slice, now, the blood vessels represent low signal. So that a common situation
is that the blood vessels represents high signal in one slice and represent low signal in another slice.
You can impose pre-saturation belt upon or under the imaging area to saturate the signal of blood vessels
perpendicular to and flow to imaging slice to eliminate the flow artifacts caused by the fluctuate of blood
signal.
1.4.12.3 Metal Artifacts
Ferromagnetic metal foreign matters in the imaging area and at the edge of imaging area can cause artifacts
on the image, which is called metal artifacts.
Metal foreign matters include small ferromagnetic articles, such as hair grips, buttons, brooches, pins,
brassiere and false teeth; various ornaments containing ferromagnetic material, such as hair dye, eye black
and lipstick; internal metal implant, such as medial metal clamps, fixing steel plate, tags with metal material
and intrauterine device.
The cause of occurrence of metal artifacts is destroying of the homogeneity of main magnetic filed, which
makes the image deformed and the signal lost.
The seriousness of metal artifacts is related to the selection of sequences. GR sequence is very sensitive to
metal artifacts. SE and FSE sequences are not so sensitive to metal artifacts compared with GR sequence.
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To eliminating metal artifacts, you should make good efforts to pre-discriminate patients to prevent
unqualified patients from scan and you should require patients to be scanned to take way all removable
ferromagnetic articles before entering scan room.
1.4.12.4 Fault Artifacts
1.4.12.4.1 K Space Partial Data Artifacts
Only partial data is acquired for K space because of hardware failures in scanning, others remain zero.
Artifacts caused in this case are called K space partial data artifacts.
K space partial data artifacts represent different forms according to the occurrence time of hardware failures.
If the failure occurs at the final stage of data acquisition, when acquired data has covered the center of K
space, the artifacts represent as the artifacts in phase encoding direction increase, the images become dim; if
the failure occurs in the beginning stage of data acquisition, when the data haven’t covered the center of K
space, only edge part is shown on image, other parts are noise.
The cause of this failure is gradient amplifier or RF power amplifier is overloaded for the unexpected
reasons. You should reset them first and then scan again to eliminate the artifacts.
1.4.12.4.2 K Space Point Artifacts
In data acquisition, if the system acquires an unexpected signal not belonging to normal MR signals, the
disturbance of parallel strips with equal intervals will appear on the image. Because this disturbance is caused
by an unexpected signal from a point in K space, we call artifacts caused by this reason K space point
artifacts.
The interval of parallel strips on image depends on the position of the point generating unexpected signal: the
closer the point to the center of K space is, the larger the interval of parallel strips is, the more outer the point
to the center of K space, the smaller the interval of parallel strips is (more closer). If more than one
unexpected signals are acquired, the grid artifacts will appear on the images.
The cause of unexpected signal usually is that the power source for shielded room strikes fire, or filter is in
failure. If the occurrence probability is still larger after you turn off the power source for shielded room, you
should contact maintenance personnel of this equipment.
1.4.12.4.3 RF Artifacts
When the radio shielding is abnormal, some lines or strips artifacts will appear along the phase encoding
direction in some fixed positions on the image, which is called RF disturbance artifacts.
If RF disturbance artifacts appear on the image, you should check whether there is unapproved electronic
equipment is operating in shielded room, whether there are cables or wires pass through the door of shielded
room and whether the door of shielded room is closed well. If the above items are all normal, please contact
maintenance personnel of this equipment.
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1.4.12.4.4 Power Frequency Artifacts
If there is power frequency equipment such as high-voltage transmission lines, high power transformer and
electromotor near the equipment, power frequency magnetic filed may influence the equipment and cause
power frequency disturbance artifacts.
The feature of power frequency disturbance is that there are two artifacts along the two sides of phase
encoding direction, most part of which lap over the normal image, disturbing display of the image. The
distance between the center of artifact and the center of normal image is related to the setting of TR. Because
the stability of power frequency disturbance is much weaker than stability of pulse sequence, the situation of
power frequency may be more complex.
You must find out disturbance source and get rid of this source to eliminate power frequency disturbance.
1.4.12.4.5 Saturation Artifacts
Saturation artifacts are artifacts caused by saturated signal deriving from hardware failure. The main features
are as follows: the image is dim and inhomogeneous, and background noise increase obviously. You can scan
again to eliminate the artifacts. If the artifacts still can’t be eliminated after re-scan, you should contact
maintenance personnel of this equipment.
1.4.12.4.6 DC Artifacts
In data acquisition, the DC component of the system can cause a bright spot in the center of the image, which
is called DC artifacts.
Some sequences may cause central bright spot artifacts in one time average scan, which is normal in this
equipment. You can eliminate DC artifacts by selecting even average. If the bright spot still appears after you
select even average, you should contact maintenance personnel of this equipment.
1.4.12.4.7 Frequency Setting Error
When unexpected cause lead to error in setting frequency, the system can’t acquire signal and the acquired
images are full of noise.
You should check hardware first, and then tune frequency again if the hardware is in good condition. If the
RF Power Amplifier or Gradient Power Amplifier is failure, you should reset it and then tune frequency
again.
1.4.13 Recommended training
Only personnel trained by our company and passed examine are allowed to operate this equipment.
Misoperation by untrained personnel will cause equipment trouble; qualified operators can only carry out
applications in the guide, don’t run other program random, or it may cause equipment trouble.
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Operator should strictly follow the procedures of regulations about startup and shutdown equipment in this
guide, don’t leave operation room when scanning. If the equipment is not started up and shut down
according to normal procedures, or can’t scan, please contact our company immediately.
You must follow the concrete operation instructions, warnings, cautions and attentions in every chapter
during system routine operation, or else, any deviation may cause safety accidents.
Generally speaking, this system is not permitted to connect with other systems or components. If the
connection is necessary, it must be approved by technical personnel of our company. It is forbidden to
supply power of this system to other system or components in any case.
Caution!
Unsuitable cable connection may cause part or
whole damage of the equipment.
Warning!
The high voltage and heavy current in some
components in the cabinet of this equipment may
injure people. These components can be treated by
service personnel of our company only.
Attention!
Untrained personnel are forbidden to operate this
system. No person is allowed to run the
unapproved programs, for it may cause
unpredictable equipment trouble.
Attention!
Make sure to obey the operation instructions,
warnings, cautions and attentions in every chapter,
or safety accidents may occur.
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22
1.4.14 Quality assurance
To keep system’s normal performance and get excellent image, carry on daily system check and system
calibration regularly of MRI.
1.4.13.1 The system needs check and record the result before scanning the patient after system’s starting
every day.
Methods: Put the square sample in the middle of the body coil and to the normal scanning position advanced
in magnet. On APEX interface, scan scheme choose the head–oriented image, pre-scanning, choose the
frequency, Shimming field, and flip angle. Open the spectrometer RINMR interface input the following
orders under P mode, receive Shimming field, and flip angle.
●frequency: order SF request: f±5kHz（f is the original frequency）
●uniformity field: order x offset request＜0.004
order y offset request＜0.004
order z offset request＜0.004
●flip angle: record in file D:\APEX\WORKING\DLLFILES\RFA_5MSA_90. Request ±3.
1.4.13.2 System testing
Test system’s self performance every year, includes: phase place stability, resolution ration, geometric
distortion
● SNR and phase place stability
Put the square sample in the middle of the body coil and to the normal scanning position advanced in
magnet. After tuning the receiving coil, choose SE0_SNR sequence, then choose testing SNR and phase
place, using default parameter, average time is 30, scan and get the results.
＊SN R：S/N＞8000
＊Phase place stability：R M S O F PH A SE＜0.05
● Image high-contrast spatial resolution
Select the body coil, place the test phantom on the center of the body coil, and make sure the phantom is
arranged toward the small holes. Then scan, measuring by eye, find the shortest row with the smallest holes.
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23
The number of visible 1mm holes is more than 7.
● Image geometric distortion
Select the body coil. Place the test phantom in the center of the coil and scanning.
Call out the TRAN, CORO, and SAGI images created during the space resolution test. Measure the
distance between the center of circle and each bright spot on circle respectively.
%10<−
o
oi
RRR
o
opp
RRRR
2221 −+
<10%
1.4.15 Maintenance
All user maintenance must be done by appropriately trained personnel. Individual components of MRI
system contain no user-serviceable parts. Maintenance by untrained personnel may present an electric
shock hazard. See chapter 4 of equipment maintenance guide for further information.
1.4.16 Electromagnetic interference
Using this system may disturb electronic equipment nearby, or maybe the running of electronic equipment
nearby can disturb this system’s running. Keep a appropriate distance from other electronic equipment
while running this system, in case there is still disturbance, please contact the manufactory.
1.4.17 Compatibility technical specifications
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24
With the purpose of ensure normal running of peripheral equipment test, please refer to chapter2.5 of this
volume for compatibility technical specification of this system.
1.4.18 Environmental protection
This system is electrical product that would bring harm to human and environment if it is disposed of as
domestic garbage at the end of usage period. It must be delivered to recycling center which is appointed to
handle these products. Please contact local government, domestic garbage disposal, its agent or
manufactory for more information of garbage disposal, recovery, recycling station for this kind of
electrical product.
1.4.19 Precautions for system safety
The multi-purpose portable socket-outlet of this system is only designed to supply power for the parts of
this system. The maximum output of the multi-purpose portable socket-outlet is 2.2kVA/220VAC. For
system safety, please make sure that all protective earth conductors of this system are connected with the
common protective earth conductor of the mains when installed, and the scan room is only used for patient
environment.
Warning!
Don’t connect an additional multiple portable
socket-outlet to this system.
Warning!
Don’t place the multiple portable socket-outlet on
the floor.
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25
1.5 Alarm system
Please seriously pay attention to the alarm signals and indictors during operating this MRI system. The alarm
system of this MRI system is described as follows:
Item Alarm condition Priority Alarm signal frequency Indicator
color
1 Can not connect to database Low Fault to connect to
database
Constant Yellow
2 Hard disk’s capacity is not
enough
Low Hard disk’s capacity is
not enough
Constant Yellow
3 Coil tuning reflection is too
strong
Low Coil tuning reflection is
too strong
Constant Yellow
4 TE/TR is too short Low TE/TR is too short,
please increase TE/TR
to XXX
Constant Yellow
5 Make filter post processing
during scanning
Low Can not make filter post
processing during
Constant Yellow
Caution!
Connecting electrical equipment which has not
been supplied as a part of this system to the
multiple portable socket-outlet must comply with
the IEC60601-1-1, Otherwise that may result in
personnel injury.
Caution!
Connecting the computer or other equipment
which has been supplied as a part of this system
directly to the wall outlet may result in personnel
injury.
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26
scanning
6 Signal is too low when the
gain gets up to the limit
Low Signal is too low, gain
has got up to the limit
Constant Yellow
7 Tuning channel does not
work
Low Tuning channel fault constant Yellow
1.6 Manufacturer’s Responsibility
The MRI system is sold with the following understandings that the manufacturer, its agent, and
representative do not accept any responsibility for personal injury or death, or equipment damage due to
improper use (authorized or unauthorized persons).
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27
Chapter 2 Structure and Components of the Equipment
The components of OPENMARK 5000 MRI equipment, the usage of components and units, brief of
operating principle and key performance index are described in this chapter.
2.1 Structure of the Equipment
The site of MRI equipment consists of Scan Room, Engine Room, Operating Room and Air Conditioner
Room. Scan Room has radio frequency (RF) shielding effect: it can shield the disturbance of external radio
wave to MRI signal when closing the door of the Scan Room. There are magnet, gradient coils, transmitting
coil, RF Preamplifier, receiving coils, magnet shell and Patient table in the Scan Room; there is a
transmission plate on the wall facing Engine Room; the filters and radio channels are mounted on the
transmission plate; the transmission plate is connected to cabinet in Engine Room with cables. In Engine
Room, there is cabinet, auxiliary power supply (APS), isolated electric voltage regulator for the whole
equipment; there are spectrometer, gradient power amplifier (PA), and RF power amplifier (PA) and tuning
box in cabinet. There are magnet temperature control unit and lighting power supply for Scan Room in
auxiliary power supply (APS). Operating Room is the place for operator to carry out routine work, there are
operating desk, uninterrupted power supply (UPS) in it, and there are computer, intercom subsystem, ECG
gate controller (optional) and other options on Console. There are air conditioner and blower fans in Air
Conditioner Room which blow wind to Scan Room for keeping temperature of Scan Room in comfortable
arrange for patients.
Structure of the OPENMARK 5000 MRI Equipment
UPS
Printer &Options
Camera
Computer
Display
Intercomsubsystem
Spectrometer
TuningBox
RF PA
GradientAmplifier
APS AirConditioner
ElectricVoltageRegulator
Operating Room Engine Room Scan Room
Air Conditioner Room
BlowerFans
Magnet and Coils
RFPreamplifier
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28
Signal flow of Open 5000 MRI equipment is as follows: the computer-controlled spectrometer generates
special pulse sequence according the requirements of user, the RF signal of pulse sequence is amplified by
RF power amplifier and transmitted to transmitting coil to generate RF magnetic field; the gradient signal of
pulse sequence is amplified by gradient power amplifier, and transmitted to gradient coils to generate
gradient magnetic field. The objective examined generates magnetic resonance (MR) signal under the
action of RF magnetic field and gradient magnetic field. The MR signal is received by receiving coil and
amplified and transmitted to spectrometer for synchronous demodulation and data acquisition, the acquired
data is transmitted to computer to rebuild MR images, MR images are transmitted to display for showing
and analyzing.
Signal flow of OPENMARK 5000 MRI Equipment
The power distribution of whole system is as shown in the following page.
The input of isolated electric voltage regulator is 380 V AC, and its output are 5 channels voltage: channel 1
supplies power to UPS, intercom subsystem, camera, printer, ECG gate Controller, in which UPS is
specially for computer; channel 2 supplies power to spectrometer and tuning box, in which tuning box
powers Patient table locating system in Scan Room; channel 3 supplies power to gradient PA; channel 4
supplies power to RF PA; channel5 supplies power to RF Preamplifier.
The input of APS is 220V AC, and its output are 3 channels of voltage : channel 1 powers Scan Room
lighting; channel 2 powers wall sockets on the wall of Scan Room; channel 3 powers to magnet
temperature.
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29
Air conditioner and blower fans are powered with 220V and 380V AC separately.
P
o
w
er
D
is
tr
ib
ut
io
n
C
h
ar
t
of OPENMARK 5000 MRI Equipment
2.1.1 Scan Room
Scan Room is patient environment and controlled access area of approach is here too. Unapproved persons
are not allowed to enter Scan Room. For fear of serious consequences, operator should prompt the patients
to read the warning signs and inhibit signs at the door of Scan Room before they enter, and read the warning
signs in the front face of magnet in Scan Room carefully.
Besides magnet and Patient Table, the components used in patient environment include bed cushions,
various receiving coils and various one-off medical sheets, caps, cotton piece.
Warning!
All outputs of isolation electric voltage regulator
are special source for this system and you are not
allowed to connect other equipment to them without
permission.
UPS
Printer &Options
Camera
Computer
Display
Intercom
Subsystem
`
Spectrometer
TuningBox
RF PA
GradientPA
APS
RFPreamplifier
AirConditione
r
ElectricVoltage
Regulator
Operating room Engine Room Scan Room
Air Conditioner Room
Blower
Fans
Magnet and Coils
～380V3Φ4W
～380V3Φ4W～220V
1Φ3W
～220V1Φ3W
～220V1Φ3W
～220V1Φ3W
～220V1Φ3W
～220V1Φ3W
～36V1Φ2W
～220V1Φ3W
+15V1Φ2W
+48V
1Φ2W
～380V/3Φ4W
WallSocket
Lighting
～220V1Φ2W
+36V1Φ2W
1Ω Grounding
+24V1Φ2W
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30
The environmental requirements to Scan Room are as follows: temperature: 22±3℃, relative humidity:
40%-80%.
Any Fault of air-condition in air-condition room would affect the temperature in scan room, so the operator
is advised to monitor the scan room; temperature usually.
2.1.2 Engine Room
Engine Room is equipped with door lock, and untrained persons are not allowed to enter it. The trained
operator only can enter the Engine Room to start up and shut down the equipment. The environmental
requirements to Engine Room are as follows: temperature: 21±5℃; relative humidity: 40%-80%; air: dust
free.
2.1.3 Air Conditioner Room
The air conditioner is equipped with door lock, and untrained persons are not allowed to enter it. The trained
operator only can enter Air Conditioner Room to start up and shut down the air conditioner for Scan Room
and to handle fortuitous event.
2.1.4 Operating Room
Operating Room is the space for operator to do routine work. Untrained persons are forbidden to operate
this system. Environmental requirements to Operating Room are as follows: temperature: 21±5℃;
Relative humidity: 40%-80%.
Warning!
There are components with high voltage and heavy
current in cabinet and transmission plate, untrained
persons are forbidden to enter Engine room.
Warning!
There are components with high voltage and heavy
current on air conditioner equipment, untrained
persons are forbidden to enter air conditioner room.
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31
2.2 Components of the Equipment
The key components of 5000 MRI equipment include magnet, Patient Table, cabinet, transmission plate,
Console, receiving coils, etc.
Key components are introduced as follows:
Key Components of OPENMARK 5000 MRI Equipment
2.2.1 Magnet
OPENMARK 5000 Magnet is made from rare earth permanent magnet mater NdFeB, after magnetizing,
Once magnetized, excepting accident, NdFeB will keep magnetism permanently. This magnetic will keep
being regardless the system is running or not.
Sketch map of edge magnetic field of magnet shows the three-view drawing of the distribution of edge
magnetic along space contour line, the unit of spatial distance is mm, and the strength of magnetic field is
Gs.
User should operate the equipment according to safety precautions in section 1.4 for fear of personal injury.
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32
Sketch Map of Edge Magnetic Filed of Magnet of OPENMARK 5000
2.2.2 Patient Table
Patient table is used to support patients, and its max load capacity is 135Kg. The Patient table consists of
bedstead, bedplate and floor guide rails. The bedstead can move forth and back in the plane, and bedplate
can move linearly. Through the cross cursor of locating light and distance display, you can move the
scanning part of the patient to the center of magnet. After scanning, you can move the Patient Table out of
the center of magnet manually. You should pull out the Patient table with hand from magnet in case of
unexpected conditions.
For fear of accidental injury, operator should abide by the followings when operating beside of Patient
Table: 1. Operator should prompt patients to close eyes and mustn’t stare at the cross laser cursor generated
by locating light during locating operation; 2. Operator should put the hands on the upper side of Patient
table and on the handle of grip brake, don’t put hands under the Patient Table, or else the Patient table and
shell may crush the fingers.
Warning!
Please prompt patient to close eyes and mustn’t
stare at locating laser beam during locating
operation.
Please put your hands on upper side of patient table
and on the handle of grip brake, not be crashed by
patient table.
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33
2.2.3 Receiving Coils and RF Preamplifier
Receiving coils receives the electromagnetic wave radiated by stimulated protons in selected part of patient.
Operator should select proper coil from coils for head, neck, chest, abdomen, spinal column, joints, breast
etc.
The signal of receiving coil feeds to RF Preamplifier though the socket on shell of magnet. Please make
sure that coil plug is reliably connected with socket on the shell of magnet. The socket on the shell of
magnet is forbidden to use for other purpose, it is only use for coil plug connection. RF Preamplifier
amplifies MR signal. The amplified MR signal is transmitted to the spectrometer for process.
2.2.4 Cabinet
The cabinet is the most centralized place for electronic units. There are high voltage and heavy current in it,
so that there are protective doors both in front of and behind the cabinet. Untrained personnel are forbidden
to open the protective doors. In normal condition, switches on electric voltage regulator control the power
to all components in cabinet and operator is not necessary to open the protective doors.
2.2.4.1 Spectrometer
Spectrometer is the real-time control unit of OPENMARK 5000 MRI equipment, which can acquire MR
signal in real time through running the programmed pulse sequence. Spectrometer can also receive external
trigger signal to synchronize pulse sequence with external events, or output synchronized signal to external
to realize synchronous operation with external equipment.
Warning!
In normal condition, turnon and turnoff of
spectrometer are controlled by switch on the
cabinet of electric voltage regulator. Please don’t
move the switch of spectrometer without
permission
Warning!
There are units with high voltage and heavy current
in the cabinet, untrained personnel are forbidden to
open protective doors.
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34
Spectrometer consists of system control unit, timing controller, gradient waveform generator, RF unit and
data acquisition unit.
The power switch of spectrometer is in the back of spectrometer. In normal condition, the switch of electric
voltage regulator controls the turnon and turnoff of the spectrometer. Please don’t turn the switch in the
back of the spectrometer without permission. See section 3.2 for concrete operation procedure.
2.2.4.2 Tuning Box
The main functions of tuning box are as follows:
(1) Automatically recognize the type of receiving coil (50 ohms single coil or quadrature coils).
(2) Output test signal for tuning receiving coils.
(3) Receive the parameters of tuned voltage delivered by computer, and transform it to voltage signal
thought D/A transformation, and then apply this voltage to receiving coils.
(4) Provide power supply for locating circuit
The turnon and turnoff of tuning box are controlled by electric voltage regulator; see section 3.2 for
concrete operation procedure. In normal condition, please don’t carry out any operation on tuning box.
2.2.4.3 Gradient Power Amplifier
Gradient power amplifier establishes gradient magnetic field with gradient coils mounted within the shell of
magnet.
Gradient power amplifier can separately put out three channels of current to drive three channels of gradient
coils and establish gradient magnetic field along three orthogonal directions in space.
Turnon and turnoff of gradient power amplifier are controlled by electric voltage regulator. See section 3.2
for concrete operation procedure. In normal condition, it is not necessary to carry out any operation on
gradient power amplifier.
Warning!
There are high voltage and heavy current in gradient
power amplifier. Please don’t touch any component
of output.
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35
2.2.4.4 RF Power Amplifier
RF power amplifier establishes RF magnetic field with transmitting coils mounted within the shell of
magnet.
There is RF radiation to patients when RF power amplifier is working normally. Even if output with max
power, the SAR (specific absorption rate) is always much lower than damage level to patients and
operators.
Turnon and turnoff of RF power amplifier are controlled by electric voltage regulator. See section 3.2 for
concrete procedure. In normal condition, please don’t carry out any operation on RF power amplifier.
Warning!
There is high voltage and heavy current in RF power
amplifier. Please don’t touch any component of
output.
Caution!
Output connectors of RF power amplifier are in the
back of cabinet. Without permission, operator is
forbidden to loose connectors, or it may damage
amplifier.
Warning!
Any change of buttons, switches and connectors on
gradient power amplifier may cause system damage
or life risk.
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36
2.2.5 Auxiliary Power Supply (APS)
APS is mounted in Engine Room and there is magnet temperature control unit and lighting power supply for
Scan Room in it.
This APS is powered by special cable. Without permission, any one is forbidden to loose the cable in the
back of APS. After installation of the equipment, the APS should always be in working status. The power
supply to APS should never be cut down unless fire and other natural hazard with force majeure occur.
Magnet temperature control unit controls temperature of magnet to keep the temperature of magnet stable.
The front panel of this APS shows average temperature of magnet. In normal condition, the temperature is
stably in a range of a constant±0.1 ℃. If the average temperature changes sharply, which indicates that the
magnet temperature control part or display part may be in trouble, you should contact maintenance
personnel of our company in time.
The lighting power supply for Scan Room is connected to Scan Room through the filters on the
transmission plate. Scan Room is lighted by 36VDC incandescent lamps.
2.2.6 Transmission Plate
The transmission plate is mounted on the wall of Scan Room and is used to connect external signals and
internal signals of Scan Room. The MR signal induced by receiving coil is very weak so that the Scan Room
is equipped with radio shielding. For fear of RF leakage, all signals coming in and out of Scan Room must
be filtered (except for RF output and input signal).
Filers are mounted on the transmission plate. This system uses various types of filter, and different type of
filter can’t replace each other in use.
There are protective doors with locks at both internal and external side of transmission plate. There are high
voltage and heavy current passing through the transmission plate. For fear of accident, untrained personnel
are forbidden to open protective doors of transmission plate or change the connection on the plate.
Warning!
Without permission, none is allowed to loose the
cable connection in the back of APS. The power
supply to APS should never be cut off unless fire
and natural hazard with force majeure occur.
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37
2.2.7 Console
The console is the working interface for operator. UPS, computer and intercom subsystem as well as
options such as printer, camera is on or under the console.
The console is dedicated for this equipment. You are not allowed to place other articles beyond the
components supplied by our company on the console, say nothing to place heavy on the edge of the console.
There is a special power outlet on the console, whose output voltage is 220V~, 50/60Hz. the maximum
output power is 1kVA. This outlet powers only for intercom subsystem, printer (optional), camera
(optional) and other optional devices. Without permission, any other equipment is forbidden to use this
special outlet.
Warning!
There are high voltage and heavy current passing
through the transmission plate. Without
permission, any one is forbidden to open the
protective doors and to touch connection poles.
Warning!
Using special power outlet on console without
permission may cause personal injury or equipment
damage.
Warning!
Unequipped articles of this equipment are not
allowed to place on the console.
Equipment Manual
38
UPS only powers computer, any other equipment is forbidden to connect to UPS. The function of UPS is to
continue to power computer after unexpected power cut, so that computer can complete normal exiting
operation, protecting file system from damage.
AS the central control unit of the whole MRI equipment, computer controls and coordinates running of
every parts of the equipment, undertakes many key tasks such as managing database, reconstructing
original data acquired from scan to image data, and displaying and analyzing images. Refer to computer
user manual for computer’s running environment.
The computer adopts DELL workstation, which has outstanding performance and strong capability of
numerical calculation. Double hard disks system is equipped with the computer, which obviously improved
the reliability of the equipment.
Computer has many kinds of data transmission interfaces. One of network interfaces of computer connects
to spectrometer to transmit sequence, parameter and control spectrometer, and get original data from
spectrometer to hard disk of computer. The second network interface, used as the interface between the
system and camera, supports DICOM3.0 standard and requires the IP address of camera to be
192.9.200.232. RS232 interface of computer connects to tuning box, transmits tuning and controlling
parameters to receiving coil, and recognize type of receiving coil, etc. There are several USB interfaces on
computer that can connect plug-and-play devices. Printer is connected to the computer by one USB
interface.
The computer used in the system has stronger power of image processing. The computer can display the
reconstructed images on screen for doctors to analyze and diagnose, with various kinds of operation such as
zoom in, zoom out, flip, gray scale transform, etc. The computer is equipped with graphic accelerating
processor, which can process images more quickly. The computer uses 19" or above, high resolution, color
display. All operations to the software are carried out through keyboard and mouse.
The computer has equipped with CDROM and DVD/CDRW driver, which can read and save data. See Vol.
Ⅱof this guide for data saving. The computer is dedicated for this equipment. It is forbidden to set up and
run unapproved software on the computer or connect unapproved network link, or else, it may damage
system software.
Caution!
It is forbidden to set up and run unapproved
software on the computer or connect unproved
network link. Or else, it may cause damage of the
system software.
Equipment Manual
39
Turn on and turn off the computer are controlled by panel switch of electric voltage regulator and UPS;
before shutdown of computer, you mustn’t turn off the power supply of computer, or else, the file system
may be damaged. In case of sudden power cut, you must follow the operation regulation in section 3.2 to
exit the software system under support of the UPS.
Intercom subsystem is a semiduplex intercom device, which is used to talk between operator and patient. In
normal condition, patient can speak to operator through microphone mounted in magnet cavity; when
operator pushes down the button of communication on intercom system, he can speak to patient in the
magnet cavity. This Intercom subsystem also can play background music.
2.2.8 Three-Phase Isolated Electric Voltage Regulator
Three-phase isolated electric voltage regulator is the main power supply of the equipment and is installed in
Engine Room.
Input voltage of three-phase isolated electric voltage regulator is three phase, 380VAC (line-to-line),
50/60Hz; rated input power of it is required more than 15kVA; connection method of it is three-phase
four-wire system.
Electric voltage regulator is the power control center of the whole equipment. It controls the power
distribution to each device. It controls turnon and turnoff of each device through the switches on the panel.
You must operate electric voltage regulator according to operation regulation. See section 3.2 for details.
The type of replaceable fuse of electric voltage regulator is RT18, and rated value is T6AL/500V, which
complies with criterion IEC269.
There is high voltage and heavy current in three-phase isolated electric voltage regulator, the power switch
of its own is in the back of it and the power switches for other devices are in front panel of it. Untrained
personnel are forbidden to operate switches on electric voltage regulator.
Caution!
In normal turn off computer or in case of sudden
power cut, you must follow the operation
regulation to exit the software system under support
of the UPS, instead of turn off computer power
source directly.
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40
2.2.9 Camera
It only permits to connect the camera qualified by our company.
2.3 Brief Introduction of Operating Principle
Before scanning, you should carry out equipment’s preparation, which includes powering devices
(Console, cabinet, gradient PA, RF PA and RF Preamplifier) and Software log-on, etc.
After equipment’s preparation, you should carry out patient’s preparation, including pre-discriminating
patients, letting patients to read safety precautions, registering patients, installing coils, positioning patient
and tuning coils, etc.
Operator can start to scan patient after equipment’s preparation and patient’s preparation. You should select
pulse sequence and parameters, after you confirm your selection and start this scan; the computer
downloads the corresponding pulse sequence and parameters into spectrometer and then run this pulse
sequence in spectrometer. Pulse sequence produces the output of gradient and RF pulse in predestined
timing. After amplified, those pulses establish the gradient and RF magnet field in magnet cavity, which
excite the protons in selected part of patient’s body. The excited protons begin to relax after the RF filed
finishes. The weak signal emitted by protons in the relaxation process is received by receiving coils. This
weak signal is amplified by RF Preamplifier and delivered to the receiving channel of spectrometer. The
pulse sequence controls the spectrometer to acquire data at the special time segment of protons relaxation.
The acquired data contain the space encoding information and special physical and chemical information of
scanned part of the patient. These data is transferred to computer and saved in the hard disk. After scan,
through rebuilding the data you can get images containing special physical and chemical information, saved
in the hard disk. Operator can handle and display the image through mouse according to different desires.
You can do almost any other work during data acquisition: When a scan begins, the operator can select
another pulse sequence and change parameters for next scan, and start up many new scans, instead of
waiting for the end of the current scan. When current scan finish, the system can automatically start up the
next scan according to the starting up order; you can load images, adjust gray scale, analyze images, add
Warning!
Misoperation to three-phase isolation electric
voltage regulator may cause personal injury or
equipment damage.
Without permission, it is forbidden to change fuse,
no speaking of using other type of fuse.
Equipment Manual
41
notations, print films, etc; you also can register the next patient. Note: You can’t enhance images during
scanning.
2.4 Transporting and Storing of the Components
This equipment is immobility type. Once finishing installation and commissioning, no one is allowed to
move any fixed unit or fixed component of this equipment.
The environmental requirements in transportation and storage of the equipment are as follows:
⑴ Range of Temperature: -40℃-55℃
⑵ Range of Relative Humidity: ≤95%.
⑶ Atmospheric Pressure: 860hPa~1060hPa.
⑷ No acidic or alkaline matter or corrosives around components.
⑸ When storage, there is no other ferromagnetic substance to be allowed within 2.5 meters around the
magnet.
2.5 Key Performance Index
2.5.1 Magnet
Type: Double column type permanent magnet
Strength of Static Magnet Filed: 0.51T± 5%
Homogeneity of Static Magnet Filed: 1.7ppm/30cm, 2.5ppm/40cm×40cm×34cm, ellipsoid
Shimming: passive
Control precision of magnet temperature: ±0.1℃
2.5.2 Gradient System
Strength of Gradient Field: Max 30mT/m.
Slew Rate of Gradient: Max 100T/m/s.
dB/dt (time rate of change of magnetic field): always less than 20T/s, under normal using condition.
Nonlinearity of Gradient: less than 5%@40×40×34cm, ellipsoid
2.5.3 RF System (Spectrometer included)
Center Frequency: 21.29MHz
RF Power: max 6KW
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42
SAR (specific absorption rate): always less than 1.5W/kg in any 15minutes under normal using condition of
any part of human body.
Receiving Coils: head coil, chest coil, abdomen coil, neck coil, spinal column coil, breast coil, knee coil,
wrist coil, shoulder coil and ankle coil.
Other: RF Self Shielding.
2.5.4 Computer System
Computer: DELL workstation, 2GB EMS, 160×2GB HD, 19” and above Display, keyboard/mouse
External Storage: standard DVD-RW.
Network Capability: Network interface, can link up network to PACS system based on workstation or PC.
2.5.5 Patient System
Patient Table: dynamoelectric Patient Table, width 85cm, max 135kg patient load
Height of patient space: 40cm.
Locating: Cross laser locating light, LCD display.
Position limit of Patient table: mechanical limit.
Patient Monitoring: intercom subsystem and observation window
2.5.6 Software Configuration
This equipment is equipped with special MRI software produced by Anke.
2.5.7 External Power supply
Requirements for External Power supply for Equipment: 380V 3N~，50Hz，15kVA.
2.5.8 Image Performance Index
Image display: the maximum grey scale is not less than 256, display matrix is 256×256, 512×512,
1024×1024.
SNR: According to the requirements of clause 4.2 in YY/T0482-2004, refer to following table 1 for system
image SNR.
Coil Head coil
14"body coil
17"body coil
20"body coil
Neck coil
Breast coil
Knee coil
Shoulder coil
Ankle coil Wrist coil
SNR ≥200 ≥120 ≥120 ≥120 ≥100 ≥100 ≥120 ≥100 ≥160 ≥300
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43
Table 1 Image SNR
Image geometric distortion: According to the requirements of clause 4.3 in YY/T0482-2004, the
geometric distortion of system image should be not more than 5%.
Image uniformity: According to the requirements of clause 4.4 in YY/T0482-2004, uniformity of system
image should be not less than 75%.
High contrast spatial resolution: According to the requirements of clause 4.7 in YY/T0482-2004, high
contrast spatial resolution of system should be not more than 0.5mm.
Low contrast resolution: low contrast resolution should be not worse than distinguishing circular hole
with 2mm diameter and 0.5mm depth.
Slice thickness: According to the requirements of clause 4.8 in YY/T0482-2004, the thinnest slice is 1mm,
classical thickness is 5mm, 7mm. thickness error should be no more than ±1mm.In addition, there
are many kinds of thickness to choose, such as 2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、6mm、8mm、9mm、10mm.
Positioning and Slice gap: According to the requirements of clause 4.9 in YY/T0482-2004, slice
positioning error should be no more than ±3mm, slice gap error should be no more than ±1mm or less
than 20%, use the larger one of these.
Image aspect ratio: image aspect ratio of circle and square model should be between 90% and 110%.
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Chapter 3 Routine Operation Guide
Some general operations are described in this chapter such as startup, shutdown, patient preparations, usage
of receiving coils, operations of Console, operations of Patient Table and Center Locating. See Vol.Ⅱ for
MRI software operations.
3.1 Routine Scan Procedure Reference
Serial Number Process
1 Review of Safety Precaution
2 Startup
3 Patient Preparations
4 Patient Registration
5 Tuning
6 Locating Scan
7 Scan
8 Displaying and Analyzing Images
9 Print films
10 Shutdown
Before daily scanning, it is highly recommended to put the phantom in the center of magnet and tune the
MR system with abdomen coil in order to perform essential adjustment and ensure the quality of images.
3.2 Start-up and Shutdown
In normal condition, the power on and power off the system are controlled by the voltage regulator and
UPS. In order to avoiding damaging the software system, you can not directly power off the voltage
regulator or UPS until exiting the software system according to operation regulation, even if in case of
sudden power cut, you must exit the software system under the support of UPS according to operation
regulation in this section before turn off the voltage regulator and UPS.
Start-up Steps:
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1) Turn on the switch of voltage regulator in engine room, the “POWER” indicator and “STOP” indicator is
lighted on when the voltage regulator is in good connection, then press “STOP” bottom and the “STOP”
indicator is off, that means the voltage regulator is connected to mains power supply successfully.
It displays normal output voltage on the screen if the voltage regulator works in normal condition, and no
any anomaly displaying.
2) Waiting for 10 seconds when voltage regulator entering normal operation condition, Press down the
“START” indicator on the front panel, and the “START” indicator is on automatically. You can hear the
sound of AC contactor taking actions and voltage regulator works.
3) Confirm that voltage regulator works in normal condition, turn on “Console K1”, “Cabinet K2” in order,
and wait for a sounds “di da di….” from spectrometer, then continue to turn on “Gradient K3”, “RF
Amplifier K4” and “RF Preamplifier K5” in order. All of the system parts have been powered on, and all
their power indicators are lighted on.
4) Turn on air conditioner and set the proper temperature (21°±5℃)
Check: after step3, the green indicator in the front panel of RF Power Amplifier is on, indicating that power
source is connected. A few seconds later, yellow indicator flickers, after a few second flicker, the green
indicator of “POWER” and “READY” is on, indicating that RF Power Amplifier is ready to work.
Check: after step 3, the green indicator in the front panel of RF Power Amplifier is on, indicating that power
source is connected. a few seconds later, the green indicator of “POWER” and NORMA:L” is on, indicating
that Gradient Power Amplifier is ready to work., If other is displayed, indicating that something must be
wrong.
5) Turn on the switch of the UPS under the console. After powering on computer system, the display on
console shows the startup and self-check information of the computer. This process may take several
Console
Preamplifier
RF PA
Gradient
Cabient
Start
Stop
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minutes. When Microsoft Windows XP starts up and self-check finish, the following information appears
on the screen:
User’s Name:
Password:
Now the self-check and startup finish and the system are ready to log on.
6) Type user’s name and password and then press [enter]. The system switch to main interface of
Windows XP; double click RINMR icon on desktop；After the interface of RINMR appears, then double
click shortcut icon of MRI software to enter MRI system.
If any display different from the above description appears, which indicates the failure of the startup, please
enter troubleshooting procedure, see chapter 5 for details.
Shut down steps: (The following steps must be carried out even in case of sudden power cut)
1) Exit MRI software system;
2) Exit RINMR;
3) Press and hold down Ctrl and ALT key, press DEL key at the same time, choose “Shutdown” in prompt
menu and choose “Shutdown” in shutdown menu.
4) Turn the UPS off after the computer is powered off automatically.
5) In machine room, pull down the five switches on the front panel of voltage regulator to turn off them in
the following order: “Console”, “Cabinet”, “RF Amplifier”, “RF Preamplifier”, and “Gradient”.
6) Press down “STOP” indicator on the front panel of voltage regulator, “START” indicator is off and
“STOP” indicator is on. AC connector makes break sound. (This step is elided in case of sudden power
cut).
7) On the back of voltage regulator, Pull down the triple switch marked “Input Switch” to turn off the power
of voltage regulator.
8) Shut down the air conditioner in machine room and lock the door of machine room if not starting up any
longer in the current day.
It is recommended starting up in every morning before work and shutting down after whole day’s scan.
Emergency is exception.
3.3 Console Operations
There are a set of computer, intercom subsystem, printer (optional), camera (optional), etc on the control
desk; UPS and Talk/Listen foot switch under the desk.
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The equipment is equipped with high quality color monitor, which only needs to adjust brightness, contrast
and geometric position. If the brightness and contrast of monitor are satisfied, please don’t adjust them any
longer.
This equipment adopts standard computer keyboard.
Mouse is used to move cursor and make selection in menu. In general, press left button to select and press
right button to display submenu.
Please refer to their own operating manuals of intercom subsystem, UPS and other options such as
printer, camera, etc.
See relative chapters in vol. Ⅱ for keyboard and mouse operations for MRI software.
3.4 Patient Table Operation
3.4.1 Pre-screening of patients
The patients must be pre-screened before they enter scan room to perform further scanning.
The patients who may have life risk induced by strong magnetic field, including patients with cardiac
pacemakers, metal foreign object in eyeball, metal tubes and clips leaved in the body after surgical or larger
mass of ferromagnetic substance in body, are forbidden to make MR examination or even enter scan room.
Traumatic patients must make sure that there is no metal in body before examine.
Patients with warding devices, including patients impending death and in emergency treatment, are not
applicable to make MR examine.
For the patients who need to cautiously treat for the special physical environment, including patients with
less ferromagnetic substance in body, and patients in pregnancy within 12 weeks, doctors should carefully
ask about the medical history of patients, weight the benefits getting from and risks deriving from MR
examine. Only when the benefits are far more than the risks can the MR examination be carried out.
Patients who may can’t endure routine scan examine for the sake of patient’s own cause, including patients
in mania, patients who can’t repose five minutes, children within 6 years old, if they are really need to make
MR examination, sedative is necessary before examination, and must be accompanied by family numbers
during scanning , judged and analyzed by doctors.
Warning!
Pre-discrimination on patients must be done
before MR examination. Inapplicable patients for
MR examine may be injured in scan room.
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3.4.2 Patient Table Introduction
Patient table is used to support patients, and its max load capacity is 135Kg. The Patient table can be
operated dynamoelectric and manually. In any case, the patient table can be moved by slightly push. After
scanning or come across accident, patient table can be immediately moved out manually.
There are two patient table control and display panels laying lying on two side of shell’s top cover, that are
symmetrical from left to right while you face to the magnet, and they have the same function. The operator
can use the left on or right one, but can not operate both of them at the same time.
You can operate patient table through patient table control and display panel, which controls the movement,
positioning, display of patient table. The number on the patient table control screen shows relative position of
patient table, the unit is “mm”. The number will decrease if the patient table moves into magnet, and the
number will increase if the patient table moves out of magnet.
3.4.3 Manual Patient Table Operation
Operator moves the patient table slowly by pulling and pushing the knob at the end of bedplate. And patient
table can move inside or outside of magnet.
Press the “SET” key to tune on the cross cursor of positioning light, finely adjust the position of coil by
pulling the patient table to make cross cursor laps over the center of the coil or the interesting part; press
“SET” key again to turn off position light; push patient table to the center of magnet while the display
number decrease to zero, Now the center of coil or interesting part is in center of the magnet.
Emergency condition, grasp the grip brake at the end of bedstead to pull the patient table out from magnetic
center quickly.
Please do not energize too much when operation patient table manually, do not quickly move patient table,
it must decelerate when patient table moving forwards/back limiting position, to avoid stopping patient
table suddenly so as to frighten patient and mar patient table.
3.4.4 Electric Patient Table Operation
Forward: Press continuous move forward or move forward button, patient table move forward automatically.
Attention!
Grasp the grip brake at the end of
bedstead to pull the patient table out from
magnetic center quickly in emergency
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Back: Press continuous move back or move back button, patient table move back automatically.
Stop: Press Stop button or release the move forward or move back button.
Press the “SET” key to tune on the cross cursor of positioning light, finely adjust the position of coil by
moving patient table under electric control to make cross cursor laps over the center of the coil or the
interesting part; press “SET” key again to turn off position light; push patient table to the center of magnet
while the display number decrease to zero, Now the center of coil or interesting part is in center of the
magnet.
It is forbidden to press two or more than two button at the same time, it would cause damage for patient
table.
It is forbidden to operate the two control panels at the two side of magnet shell.
Please do not switch the moving direction suddenly while operating the electric patient table, to avoid
damage.
3.4.5 Patient’s laying position
Lying on back or abdomen is available; Lying the head of patient in the both side of the patient table is also
available, incorrect patient table operate will lead to unexpected harm for patient.
Right Lying Posture
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Wrong Lying Posture
3.4.6 Safety Precautions on Patient table Operation
In patient table operation, the following places on the patient table, shown as in the fig, must be paid more
attention for safety.
Various gaps on the patient table are prone to clip the objects, such as finger, hair, clothes, etc. The
positioning light is a laser cross cursor with minimal power. Please avoid laser beam irradiate patient’s eyes
in any case.
The Places Must Be Paid More Attention For Safety. The gaps between patient table and shell. The gaps between bedstead and bedplate. The gaps between bedstead and the support of patient table. The salient of shell. Danger zone which means movement range of patient table. Position light.
Incorrect operations may injure patients or operators or damage equipment accidentally. Please pay
attention to following conditions:
Please don’t use too much strength when operating patient table, the moving speed of patient table
shouldn’t be too quick. The table should slow down before approaching the limited positions of back or
front, right or left, to avoid sudden stop, which may frighten patients or damage patient table.
When patient goes to or leaves patient table, the patient’s center of gravity should lie upon the part of
bedplate which is within the bedstead supporting area, don’t lie upon part of bedplate beyond bedstead
supporting area, or else, the bedplate may turn over.
When pulling or pushing patient table, operator should put hand on handle of bedstead or knob of
bedplate. Don’t put your hands between bedstead and bedplate or the shell of magnet for fear of crash.
If patient doesn’t lie on the table in correct position, the head, legs or other parts of patient’s body may
crash on magnet when the table is moving.
Patient’s clothes may be clipped. Operator should prompt and help patients to do with their clothes.
Long hair or plait of patient may be clipped by the gaps on the table. Patients with long hair or long plait
should wear one-off head cap.
After selecting and placing proper table cushions and coils, operator should lay one-off bed sheet on the
cushion for patient, and then let patient to lay on it. To avoid cross infection between patients, operator
should change the sheet after scan.
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The positioning light is a laser cross cursor with minimal power. To avoid laser beam irradiate patient’s
eyes, operator should prompt patient to close eyes and mustn’t stare at laser beam when carrying out
positioning operation.
3.5 Usage of Coils
3.5.1 Head Coil
Head coil consists of upper and lower two parts. Put the lower part on Patient table, the lead of coil facing
coil socket; lay cushion and one-off bed sheet, lay head cushion on the lower part of head coil; patient wear
one-off medical cap .
Warning!
Various gaps on the patient table is prone to clip
objects, such as finger, hair, clothes, etc
Warning!
When positioning operation, please prompt patient
to close eyes and mustn’t stare at laser beam.
Upper Part of Coil
Lower Part of Coil
Warning!
Don't stand in danger zone when patient table is
moving.
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Warning!
Please don’t clip cushion or any part of patient’s
body when inserting the upper part of head coil
into the lower part.
Let the patient wear one-off medical cap and lay on back on patient table, aligning head to center of lower
part of head coil, put head on cushion on lower part of head coil; align the interface of upper and lower parts
of head coil, hold two sides of the upper part of head coil with two hands and press it down tightly.
You can let patient move slightly to position the head on the center of the coil. Insert the plug of head coil
in the socket, and then move the patient table according to requirements in section 3.4 to perform center
locating.
Pull out patient table after scan, the operator holds and presses down the handle behind the coil with thumb
to divide the coil into two parts, and then let patient sit up.
3.5.2 Neck Coil
Neck coil consists of upper and lower two parts. Put the lower part of neck coil on patient table with the lead
of the coil facing coil socket; lay bed cushion, neck cushion and head cushion ; place the neck cushion on
the lower part of coil. Lay one-off bed sheet on bed cushion, and neck cushion sheet and head cushion sheet,
then align patient’s neck to lower part of coil and let patient lie on back, placing neck on the neck cushion on
the lower part of neck coil, and place the head on head cushion. Let the “V” shape opening on the upper part
of neck coil face patient’s head; hold two sides of the upper part of neck coil with two hands, align interface
of upper and lower parts of neck coil and insert the upper part into the lower part tightly, the neck coil will
lock itself after inserting. Insert plug of neck coil into socket and move patient table according to
requirement in section 3.4.to perform center locating.
Upper Part of Coil
Lower Part of Coil
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Warning!
Please don’t clip cushion or sheet or any part of the
patient’s body when you insert the upper part into
lower part of neck coil
Pull out the patient table after scan, the operator should hold and press down handles in the two sides of
neck coil to separate the two parts, take away the upper part of neck coil and then let the patient sit up.
3.5.3 Body Coil
Body coil is used in chest or abdomen scan. We provide various body coils with different sizes according
to scan parts and figures of patients. These body coils have the similar shape as shown in the following fig.
And the ways of operation are same.
Upper Part of Coil
Warning!
You should align the two sides of the neck coil
when inserting (or separate) the upper part into
(from) the lower part and act on strength evenly at
the same time, or else, uneven strength may
damage coil interface.
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Warning!
Please don’t clip patient’s arms when you insert the
upper part of body coil into the lower plate!
Caution!
Please act on strength evenly with two hands at the
two sides of upper part of body coil when you insert
(depart) it into (from) the lower plate. Uneven
strength may damage the interface of the body coil.
Before using, place the lower plate of the coil on the patient table, and then lay well bed cushion and one-off
bed sheet, and then let patient lay on back on patient table, position the scanning part to the center of body
coil, Insert the upper part into the two sockets on the lower plate. Patient can put two arms either in or out of
body coil.
The lead of the body coil faces socket for coil. Insert the plug of body coil and move patient table according
to section 3.4 to perform center locating operation.
Pull out patient table after scan, operator should hold the two sides of upper part of body coil and pull it up
and then let the patient sit up.
3.5.4 Knee Coil
Knee coil is used in scanning single knee joint, elbow joint and other joint. The coil consists of upper and
lowers two parts. Put the lower part on patient table, the lead of the coil facing coil socket; lay bed cushion,
coil cushion, one-off bed sheet and head cushion sheet, and then position the joint part to the center of the
coil; align the pin to the socket on the lower part of the coil, and then insert upper part into lower part; insert
knee coil plug into the socket and then move patient table according to section 3.4.to perform center
locating operation.
Lower Plate of Coil
Upper Part of Coil
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Pull out the patient table after scan,
the operator should hold and press
down handles in the two sides of the
coil to separate the two parts, take
away the upper part of knee coil and
then let the patient sit up.
3.5.5 Spinal Coil
Because of its shape, spinal coil is also called flat coil. Put the spinal coil at the proper position on the
patient table, the lead of the coil facing coil socket. Lay bed cushion, one-off table sheet and head cushion
sheet, and then let patient lay on back on patient table, place head on head cushion, position the scanning
part to the center of the coil, you can let patient move slightly on the patient table to adjust the position;
insert the coil plug into the socket, and move patient table according to section 3.4 to perform center
locating operation.
Warning!
Please don’t clip cushion or sheet or part of patient’s
body when you insert the upper part to lower part of
knee coil!
Warning!
Please align two sides and act on strength evenly
when you insert or (separate) the upper part into
(from) the lower part of knee coil. Uneven strength
may damage interface of the coil.
Lower Part of Coil
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Pull out patient table after scan and then let the patient sit up.
3.5.6 Breast Coil
Put the breast coil at the proper position on the patient table, the lead of the coil facing coil socket; lay bed
cushion, breast coil cushion and one-off table sheet, and then let the patient lie prone, two breasts naturally
fall in two cavities on the breast coil. Insert breast coil plug into the socket, and move the patient table
according to section 3.4 to perform center locating.
Pull out the patient table after scan and then let patient sit up.
3.5.7 Usage of Coil Plug
Every receiving coil has a coil plug, insert it in the coil socket to form a complete receiving loop. The coil
socket and coil plug are shown in the following fig. The coil socket is below the locating display panel on
the lower magnet
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The pins in plugs of each coil are deferent. Please pay attention to the direction of the plug when you insert
the plug to the coil socket. The two columnar pins (or two columnar holds) must align to columnar holes (or
column pins). Please don’t insert incorrectly, or else it may damage the plug or socket, and cause bad
contact and debase the image quality.
Chapter 4 Equipment Maintenance Guide
Basic routine maintenance works on the whole equipment and the main units are described in this chapter.
4.1 Monitoring Equipment Status
Equipment status includes temperature of scan room and magnet, which can indicate the general status of
magnet. It is recommended to monitor the above status every day when starting up.
4.1.1 Monitoring Scan Room Temperature
Scan room is the external
environment of magnet. The
change of temperature of scan
room will finally influence
temperature of magnet and impact the stability of central frequency. Fierce temperature change in scan
room will influence uniformity of the magnet. Further more, the magnet temperature control subsystem
can’t work normally if the temperature of scan room is higher than 28 ℃, so the operator should monitor
temperature of scan room before starting up the equipment. Please check the work status of air conditioner
in air conditioner room if the temperature in scan room is higher than 28℃ or lower than 20℃.
4.1.2Monitoring Magnet Temperature
Warning!
The temperature of scan room above 28℃ will
hazard the stability of the equipment.
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The stability of magnet
temperature is closely related to the
stability of central frequency of the
equipment. This equipment is
equipped with magnet temperature
control subsystem, the control unit is in
Auxiliary Power Supply (APS),
and the value of temperature is
displayed by digitron in the front panel of APS. There is a switch button in the front panel of APS: When
button TP pressed down, the digitron displays average temperature of magnet. In normal condition, the
average temperature is in a range of “constant ±0.1”. When the display of temperature changes fiercely, the
magnet temperature control or display units will be in trouble, you should contact us for technical support in
time.
4.2 Maintaining Equipment
The maintenance of this system should be jointly done by manufacturer and user. In this section, the items,
precautions and period of maintenance undertook by user are regulated. Other maintenance done by the
manufacturer, including the maintenance on electronic units such as auxiliary power supply, spectrometer,
computer and electric voltage regulator and readjustment and calibration of basic system parameters, are
carried out once a year.
The maintenance persons of user must be trained and authorized by manufacturer or others under the guide
of these persons. The maintenance persons of user must abide by the requirements of safety precautions in
chapter 1 and requirements in this section in the process of maintenance. The user should be responsible for
the equipment damage or personal injury deriving from user’s misoperations against relative regulations.
Manufacturer can provide necessary material and information to qualified maintenance persons in repairing
the repairable devices or units appointed by manufacturer.
Maintenance persons should power off the system anytime when maintain the units and devices of this
equipment except temperature control system Operators are not allowed to enter scan room wearing
Warning!
If the change of average temperature (TP )is larger
than 0.4℃ , it may hazard the stability of the
equipment, and you should contact the MRI service
department of our company.
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high-heel shoes, and are forbidden to take water in unsealed containers into scan room, machine room, air
conditioner room and operating room.
4.2.1 Maintaining the Shell of Magnet
Shell of magnet is the surface that patients and operators touch frequently, so it should be cleaned and
disinfected frequently too. Maintenance persons should wipe the shell at least one time a week with
absorbent cotton soaked in alcohol. Maintenance persons should read carefully the safety precautions in the
signs at the door of scan room before entering the scan room.
4.2.2 Maintaining Patient Table
Patient table is mechanical moving unit. The dirt and foreign matters on the guide rails may influence the
stationarity and obstruct patient table from moving, so that the place where patient table passing should
keep clear. Maintenance persons can wipe the shell of magnet cavity with absorbent cotton soaked in
alcohol, wipe guide rails with gauze soaked in little water. You can wipe wheels of patient table with gauze
soaked in alcohol if necessary.
Foot brake of patient table should keep its reliability: when it is in free status, the patient table can’t move;
when it is pressed up by the foot, the
patient table can move back and
forth easily. Otherwise, the foot
brake should be repaired.
The control panel of the patient table
must keep clear and dry, because
there are electrical devices within the
control panel. Please clean it just
by dry gauze.
You mustn’t take water into scan room when maintaining patient table.
Warning!
Any maintenance on units and devices of this
equipment should be carried out under the power
off status. It is forbidden to take water in unsealed
containers into scan room, machine room, air
conditioner room and operating room.
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Patient table maintenance should be carried out at least twice every week.
4.2.3 Maintaining the Cushions
Although bed cushions don’t touch patients directly, they may contaminate dirt and germs after used for a
long-term, so that they need regular scrubbing. You can wipe cushions with gauze soaked in alcohol. The
cushion maintenance should be carried out at least twice every week.
4.2.4 Maintaining Receiving Coils
4.2.4.1 Placing Receiving Coils
You should place a four-floor wooden shelf in the room according to the size of scan room and put coils on
the shelf as much as possible. Please put the frequently-used and seldom-used coils separately according to
routine use status. Please keep clean and tidy in scan room.
Please don’t crash or pull cables and plugs of coils during placing and using them. Please be careful to take
and put coils when moving them, you must not fall them to the ground or crash them with other articles.
4.2.4.2 Maintaining Cables, Plugs and Sockets of Coils
The cables, plugs of coils and coil sockets on the magnet shell are key components of the circuit. The bad
contact or damage of cable may cause serious consequences such as SNR decreasing, tuning failure or no
signal, so they should be protected specially. Please be careful when you insert or pull out plugs: keep
horizontally inserting or pulling out, and avoid unevenly stress acting on plugs and sockets. The working
coil cable should be minded specially too: for fear of harmful effect, please don’t act stress on or stamp it.
You should avoid crashing or stamping coil cables or plugs in routine operation.
You shouldn’t crash, stamp or pull cables and plugs of coils during placing and using coils. Please take and
put coils carefully and gently when moving them, you must not fall them to the ground or crash them with
other articles.
4.2.4.3 Maintaining the Body of Receiving Coils
Although the body of receiving coils don’t touch patient directly, after using for a long-term, they may
contaminate dirt, so they need regular scrubbing. You should wipe them with gauze soaked in alcohol.
Maintenance of body of receiving coils should be carried out at least one time every week.
4.2.4.4 Maintaining the Interface of Receiving Coils
Some receiving coils are split type. You should join the upper part and lower part together through coil
interface when using. The compactness of interface directly influence the performance of the coil, the bad
connection will induce SNR declines.
Besides acting on two sides with even strength when you are inserting (pulling out) coils, you should clean
the pins on interface of coils with gauze soaked in alcohol: gently wipe the surface of copper pins on coil
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interface to remove the copper rust to get the best receiving effect. Cleanout of copper pins on coil interface
should be carried out at least one time every season.
4.2.5 Maintaining Phantoms
You should put the phantoms on the wooden shelf as much as possible that is used to place coils. Please
place the frequently-used coils and seldom- used coils separately according to routine use status. Please
keep clear and tidy in scan room.
Please be careful to take and put phantoms when using or placing samples, you mustn’t fall them to the
ground or crash them with other articles.
4.2.6 Maintaining Console
4.2.6.1 Maintaining Keyboard
The keyboard used in this system is not of waterproof type, please don’t wipe with water. You can wipe
keyboard with gauze soaked in little alcohol under power off status.
4.2.6.2 Maintaining Mouse
The mouse used in this system is of mechanical type. After used a period of time, it may contaminate dirt on
the roll ball and may be not sensitive. You should clean up the mouse with gauze soaked in little alcohol
under power off status: according to the indication in mouse body, open the mouse, and take out roll ball,
use gauze soaked in little alcohol to wipe roll ball and roll axis gently, finally install the mouse well.
4.2.6.3 Maintaining Display
The display used in this system can’t be washed by water. You should wipe display under power off status:
gently wipe the display screen with lens tissue, wipe the body of display with gauze soaked in alcohol.
4.2.6.4 Maintaining Body of the Control Desk
You can wipe the body with gauze soaked water under power off status.
The above maintenance on control desk should be carried out at least one time a week.
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Chapter 5 Troubleshooting
The potential trouble in routine operations and corresponding resolutions are described in this chapter.
Trouble Possible Cause Resolvent Remark
Neither “OFF”/
“STOP” nor “ON” /
“START” indicator is
on when the triple
switch on the back of
electric voltage
regulator turns on.
Power cut in external
transmission system or
trouble in power supply
Check power supply
circuit and contact local
power supply.
Units in cabinet have
no electric power
1. “ON” indicator in the
front panel is off.
2. The five switches on front
panel are not turned on.
3. The power source plugs of
the units are dropped out.
4. The switches of these
units are turned off.
Press down “ON”
indicator.
Turn on five switches in
order.
Insert plugs tightly
Turn them on.
Power on is controlled
by the five switches in
the front panel of
Electric voltage
regulator.
In normal condition,
the power source
switches of units
should be on “ON”
position.
The digitron
displaying position of
patient table is not on.
The cable supplying power
from tuning box to patient
table has dropped out.
Screw tightly again.
Figure of laser
locating is not
accurate.
There are dirt and waste on
guides rails;
Bad connection between
sensing truckles and guide
rails;
Remove foreign matters;
Inform our company;
Patient table makes
abnormal sound in
operation
There are foreign matters on
the moving direction, which
have increased the resistance
of Patient table in moving.
Remove foreign matters
Inform our company;
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63
The wheel of patient table
may be failed
It’s hard to push or
move patient table
Ditto;
Two hands act on strength
unevenly.
Foot brake is failed;
The weight of patient lays
unevenly on the table
Ditto;
Two hands act on
strength evenly.
Inform our company;
patient lays in the center
of the table
The movement range
exceeds limit in
right-left direction
Spacer pin is failed. Inform our company
The system can’t start
to scan
Tuning Box is not powered
on;
Power on Tuning Box
No signal 1. Plug of the receiving
coil is not connected
well;
2. RF amplifier is not
powered;
3. RF amplifier is
overloaded;
Connect cable well;
Power on RF amplifier.
Reset RF amplifier
The first cause is the
most common.
The signal of
pre-scan is too weak.
1. Cable of coil is not
connected well;
2. RF amplifier is
overloaded;
Connect cable well;
Reset RF amplifier
The first cause is the
most common.
SNR is bad. 1. The contact points of
receiving coil are not
connected well;
2. The receiving coil is not
tuned well;
Clean out contract
points;
Retune the receiving
coil;
Image is saturated. Gain adjustment is not
normal.
Rescan; If the images remain
abnormal after rescan,
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64
which indicates that the
hardware in the system
is failed.
Or software error.
Scanning has
stopped at the last
second for a long
time, and the scan
can’t finish normally.
The cable between
spectrometer and main
computer is not connected
well.
Reconnect cable. Exit
RINMR and main
interface, log off the
current user and then log
on again.
Main window close
down
Software proceeding
conflicts
Wait for 1 minute and
then enter main window
again.
Locating is failed. Software error Exit main window, wait
for 1 minute and then
enter main window
again, rescan.
The system can’t
print films
Network cables connected to
computer or network cards
are failed.
Shut down main
computer and camera,
and then reset them
respectively.
Images have no
encoding
1. Gradient amplifier is
not powered;
2. Gradient amplifier is
overloaded.
Power on gradient
amplifier
Reset gradient amplifier .
Images are deformed. There are ferromagnetic
articles on or in the patient’s
body, such as false teeth,
hair grips, brassiere, buckle,
metal zips, contraceptive
ring, etc.
Take away the
removable
ferromagnetic articles.
Interface shows the
load sequence error
or spectrometer error,
Software is in trouble Exit APEX and RINMR,
and wait for 1 minute,
then start up RINMR and
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65
Caution!
If the trouble mentioned above can’t be
resolved or other trouble occurs, please
inform service department of our company or
our agency in your region. Only service
engineers of our company or trained
maintenance men can repair the equipment
according to relative repair regulation.
Without authorization, operators are
forbidden to disassemble, replace units and
components of the system or carry out
and the system can’t
work normally
enter APEX again.
System halted Software or operating
system is failed.
Exit APEX, RINMR and
all applications, then
press and hold down
[Ctrl] and [Alt] key, and
press [Del] at the same
time, choose [Shutdown]
in prompt menu and
choose [Shutdown] in
shutdown menu.
After the power source
of computer turns off
automatically, wait for 1
minute, and then start up
the computer again.
You must never turn
off computer power
source optionally, or
else, it may damage file
system.
Equipment Manual
66
Chapter 6 Guidance and Manufacturer’s Declaration
– IEC 60601-1-2
Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration –electromagnetic emissions
The ASM-050P is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the ASM-050P should assure that it is used in such an environment. Emission Test Compliance Electromagnetic Environment Guidance RF emissions CISPR 11
Group 2 The ASM-050P shall emit RF energy to fulfill its intended functions. Its RF emissions are likely to cause interference in nearby electronic equipment.
RF emissions CISPR 11
Class A The ASM-050P must be used only in a shielded location with a minimum RF shielding effectiveness and, for each cable that exits the shielded location, a minimum RF filter attenuation of 80 dB from 10MHz to 20MHz, 100 dB from 20MHz to 80MHz, 80 dB from 80MHz to 100MHz. (minimum 100dB at 20MHz, minimum 80dB at 80MHz.)
The ASM-050P when installed in such a location is suitable for use in all establishments other than domestic and those directly connected to the public low-voltage power supply network that supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.
Harmonic Emissions IEC 61000-3-2
Not applicable
Voltage Fluctuation/ Flicker emissions IEC 61000-3-3
Not applicable
NOTE: It is essential that the actual shielding effectiveness and filter attenuation of the shielded location be verified to assure that they meet the minimum specification.
Table 6-1 – Electromagnetic Emissions
Warning!
Use of ACCESSORIES, transducers and cables
other than those specified may result in increased
EMISSION and/or decreased IMMUNITY of the
ASM-050P.
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67
Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration –electromagnetic immunity
The ASM-050P is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the ASM-050P should assure that it is used in such an environment. Immunity Test IEC 60601-1-2
Test Level (kV) Compliance Level (kV)
Electromagnetic Environment-Guidance
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) IEC 61000-4-2
±2,±4,±6 contact ±2,±4,±8 air
±2,±4,±6 ±2,±4,±8
Floors should be wood, concrete, or ceramic tile. If floors are covered with synthetic material, the relative humidity should be at least 30%.
Electrical fast transient/burst IEC 61000-4-4
±1 differential mode ±2 common mode
±1 ±2
Mains power quality should be that of a typical commercial and/or hospital environment.
Surge IEC 61000-4-5
±1 differential mode ±2 common mode
±1 ±2
Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations on power supply input lines. IEC 61000-4-11
<5% UT (>95% dip in UT) for 0.5 cycle. 40% UT (60% dip in UT) for 5 cycles. 70% UT (30% dip in UT) for 25 cycles. <5% UT (>95% dip in UT) for 5 seconds.
<5% UT 40% UT 70% UT <5% UT
Mains power quality should be that of typical commercial and/or hospital environment. If the user of the ASM-050P requires continued operation during power mains interruptions, it is recommended that the ASM-050P be powered from an uninterruptible power supply or a battery.
Power Frequency (50/60Hz) Magnetic field IEC61000-4-8
3A/m Not applicable Power frequency magnetic fields should be at levels characteristic of a typical location in a typical commercial or hospital environment.
NOTE: UT is the a.c. mains voltage prior to application of the test level.
Table 6-2 – Electromagnetic Immunity ( ESD, EFT, Surge, Dips and Magnetic Field)
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68
Guidance and manufacturer’s declaration –electromagnetic immunity
The ASM-050P is intended for use in the electromagnetic environment specified below. The customer or the user of the ASM-050P should assure that it is used in such an environment. Immunity test IEC 60601-1-2 test
level Compliance level
Electromagnetic environment-guidance
Conducted RF IEC 61000-4-6
Radiated RF IEC 61000-4-3
3Vrms 150 kHz to 80 MHz
3V/m 80 MHz to 2,5 GHz
3Vrms
3V/m
Portable and mobile RF communications equipment should be used no closer to any part of the ASM-050P, including cables, than the recommended separation distance calculated from the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter.
Recommended separation distance
d=1,17 x √P
d=1,17 x √P 80 MHz to 800MHz
d=2,33 x √P 800MHz to 2,5 GHz
Where P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (w) according to the transmitter manufacturer and d is the recommended separation distance in metres (m). b
Field strengths from fixed RF
transmitters, as determined by an electromagnetic site survey, a should be less than the compliance level in each frequency range. b
Interference may occur in the vicinity
of equipment marked with the following symbol:
NOTE 1: At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies. NOTE 2: These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people. a field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio (cellular/cordless) telephones and land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM and FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted theoretically with accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF transmitters, an electromagnetic site survey should be considered. If the measured field strength in the location in which the ASM-050P is used exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the ASM-050P should be observed to verify normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures may be necessary, such as reorienting or relocating the ASM-050P.
b Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be less than 3 V/m.
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69
Table 6-3 – Electromagnetic Immunity (RF Radiated and conducted)
Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications equipment and the ASM-050P
The ASM-050P is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in which radiated RF disturbances are controlled. The customer or the user of the ASM-050P can help prevent electromagnetic interference by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment (transmitters) and the ASM-050P as recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the communication equipment.
Rated maximum
output power of
transmitter w
Separation distance according to frequency of transmitter m
150 kHz to 80 MHz
d = 1,17 x √P
80 MHz to 800 MHz
d = 1,17 x √P
800 MHz to 2,5 GHz
d = 2,33 x √P
0,01 0,117 0,117 0,233 0,1 0,37 0,37 0,74 1 1,17 1,17 2,33 10 3,7 3,7 7,4 100 11,7 11,7 23,3
For transmitters rated at a maximum output power not listed above, the recommended separation distance d in metres (m) can be determined using the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (w) according to the transmitter manufacturer.
NOTE: These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.
Table 6-4 - Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications equipment and the ASM-050P
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70
Shenzhen Anke High-Tech Co., Ltd
Part Name： Serial Number： Power Supply Frequency： Power Voltage： Input Power：
Appendix A：
Guide for Temperature Control System
Manufacturer: Full Name of Manufacturer: Shenzhen Anke High-Tech Co., Ltd.
Abbreviation of Manufacturer: Anke
Address of Manufacturer: 26 Yanshan Road, Shekou, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518067, P.R.China
Post Code: 518067
Tel: (86) (755) 2668 8889
Fax: (86) (755) 2669 5307 Website: www.anketech.com
Product Safety Classification: (According to IEC60601-1)
Class I, Type B, Ordinary equipment
Disinfection: See section 1.4.1
It is forbidden to operate this system in the environment with inflammable anesthetic gas, oxygen and
nitrous oxide.
This system works continuously.
Important Declaration of Anke
The content in this guide is subject to change without notification.
The copyright is reserved by Anke. Any reproduction in any form without permission is forbidden.
User of the system please translates the warning signs and forbidden signs in local official language and
makes them into warning boards, and hangs them on the entrance of the scan room. Interpretation right of this manual is reserved by Anke.
External Sign
This system is a device whose power supply is mains power, the label above record its rated voltage, power
supply frequency, input power, etc..
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71
1. General MRI magnet temperature control subsystem is used to control temperature of MRI magnet, to stabilize the
average temperature of magnet on a given level so as to stabilize the central frequency of MRI system.
Temperature control system (TCS) consists of temperature control and lighting two parts.
2. Panel Instruction 2.1 Front Panel On the top of front panel, there is a temperature display window, which is used to display the
temperature of magnet channel. There is also a LED which lights if the temperature exceeds
In the middle part of front panel, there is a set of buttons, which is used to select the channel of
temperatures to be displayed: select TA to display temperature of the top part of magnet; select TB to
display temperature of the upper pole plate; select TC to display temperature of the lower pole plate;
select TD to display temperature of the bottom part of magnet; select Tave to display average
temperature of the above four channels. It is recommended to select [Tave] in common condition. [Reset]
button is used to release the status in which all buttons are pressed down.
There are three LED indicators to display heating status: [Upper] indicator, [Lower] indicator and
[Working] indicator. [Upper] indicator and [Lower] indicator indicate the heating status of upper and
lower pole plates respectively: if the indicator is lighting, it indicates that the corresponding pole plate is
now heated. [Working] indicator indicates the working status of temperature control subsystem: if the
indicator is lighting, it indicates that the subsystem is heated normally; if the indicator is off, it indicates
that the subsystem is in abnormal status.
[Power] switch is used to tune on or off the power of APS.
There is a small cover on the front panel, which is used by manufacturer to adjust some parameters.
2.2 Back Panel Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are the input ports of temperature sensing signals of corresponding channels from
magnet; Rp is input port of sensing signals from magnet temperature protection.
[Blanking] is the input port of control signal to enable or disenable the work of temperature control part.
[Lighting] is the output port of lighting power (+36VDC).
[Heater1、Heater2] are output ports of heating power (+48VDC) for upper and lower magnetic poles.
[Heating Switch] is used to enable or disenable the work of temperature control unit. It is always in
“ON” status in common condition to keep the control on magnet temperature.
[AC220V] is the input of main power supply of APS.
3. System principle Temperature control system (TCS) consists of temperature control board (TCB), drive board, RSP1000-48
switch power supply, mains transformer, mains filter, etc..
The tested points temperature would be tested and adjusted after through operational amplifier which signal
imported sensor RA、RB、RC、RD and RP form the socket on control board. And then send to display drive
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72
through SW switch.
We can get upside temperature and bottom temperature of magnet from amplifying the upside and bottom
sensor signal of magnet after weighting average. Then DIFF the temperature voltage and reference voltage to
get the error signal which can drive heating control signal of upside and bottom magnet.
The average temperature of whole magnet can be selected and sent to display.
If the VMOS can generate interference during switching, M1, M2 can be force to cut off by BLANKING
signal while scanning. AC input power supply of switch power supply is controlled by relay.
Normally, protect signal RP is transmit to comparator, output a low level signal from STOP, that NORMAL
indicator is lighted on indicate temperature in normal condition, and power on relay to connect to switch
power supply. When it is over heat, there is a high level signal from STOP, buzzing alarm and over heat
indicator is on. Switch power supply is cut off. When the temperature is so low, there is also buzzing alarm,
but switch power supply is still connected to heat. Low temperature alarm can be cut off by short post JS.
Signal flowing fig. of this system is shown as below:
Rt
Connector
FUSE F1A/250V
Q4
FUSE F1A/250V
N
L
RL2
43
12
FUSE F1A/250V
VCC
Q3
DC48V
Optocoupler
FUSE
SW
FILTER
EMI
PE
TTRNSFMR
1
3
4
2 56
7
CONTROL
BOARD
SMPS
HEATING BOARD
DL-2D1
USL 125mA/AC250V
R19
SP-500-48FUSE F3A/250V
RVV 3X1mm**2
G2R-1-12VDC
R3-11
4. Specifications 4.1 Environment
Shielding room temperature: 16～26℃, less than 2℃/h Change Rate
Input voltage: 220ACV
Power supply Frequency: 50MHz
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73
Input power: 1500VA
4.2 Heating Power: <500W
4.3 Stability of Magnet Average Temperature: <±0.1℃
4.4 Stability of Magnet Center Field:
±10PPM/10MIN for short term
±50PPM/WEEK for long term
4.5 Temperature Display
Four channels sensor temperature and magnet average temperature are available to choose.
Temperature available display range: 0~40℃
Temperature precision: ±0.2℃
4.6 Fuse
Fuse of USL125，125mA/250V is used in this system.
5. Operating Instruction 5.1 Lighting Part：
Lighting subsystem uses DC power supply (+36Vswitch power). The ON or OFF of DC power supply are
controlled by [Light Power] on the front panel.
5.2 Temperature Control Part：
Normal Working Condition
After commissioning of this system, the temperature control subsystem should be in continuous working
status, you must never turn off the temperature control power supply. Generally speaking, you should
select [Tave], or itinerantly display temperatures of every channel.
Abnormal Working Condition
Lower Limit Temperature Alarm: The APS will make alarm sound if the average temperature is
lower than 25℃, but it can continue heat norm ally. If the subsystem is re-started up (for example because
of power cut), the alarm will be released when the temperature rises up to above 25℃.
Upper Limit Temperature Alarm: the APS will make alarm sound if the average temperature is more than
upper limit (42℃ generally). The [Working] indicator is off, the subsystem stops heating. The temperature
exceeding indicator on the front panel is on, which indicates that the subsystem is in critical failure status.
You should immediately turn off the heating power supply in the back panel
6. Maintenance All user maintenance must be done by appropriately trained personnel. Individual components of MRI
system contain no user-serviceable parts. Maintenance by untrained personnel may present an electric shock
hazard. See chapter 4 of equipment maintenance guide for further information.
7. Electromagnetic interference
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74
Using this system may disturb electronic equipment nearby, or maybe the running of electronic equipment
nearby can disturb this system’s running. Keep a appropriate distance from other electronic equipment
while running this system, in case there is still disturbance, please contact the manufactory.
8. Environmental protection This system is electrical product that would bring harm to human and environment if it is disposed of as
domestic garbage at the end of usage period. It must be delivered to recycling center which is appointed to
handle these products. Please contact local government, domestic garbage disposal, its agent or manufactory
for more information of garbage disposal, recovery, recycling station for this kind of electrical product.
Appendix B：
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75
Guide for Ankle Joint Supporter
1. Structure of Ankle Joint Supporter
Fig.1 Structure of Ankle Joint Supporter As shown in fig.1, ankle joint supporter consists of foot pedal, knob, angle mark, etc. It is usually matched
with ankle coil and locating plate of supporter.
The black points of angle mark the division value, which is 1º. That is to say, turn the knob 1 black point in
clockwise (counter-clockwise), the foot pedal will turn 1º in the same direction. In normal scanning, it is
recommended to get one image at every 6º or 5º.
2. Scanning with Ankle joint supporter
Fig.2. Locating Ankle Joint Supporter
The steps of performing ankle joint motion analyzing scan:
1． Place the locating plate of ankle joint supporter on the end of patient table;
Foot Pedal
Knob
Angle Mark
Ankle Coil
Locating Plate for Ankle Joint Supporter
Locating Zone for Supporter Locating Zone for Supporter
Rotation Axis
Capped Edge of Foot Pedal
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76
2． Place the ankle joint supporter on the proper position according the difference of scanning right or
left ankle joint;
3． Place the ankle coil on the soleplate of the supporter, the end face tightly sticking on the rotation
axis;
4． Let the patient lay on the patient table, put the foot to be scanned on the foot pedal of the supporter
and sticking on the pedal tightly;
5． Turn the foot pedal clockwise (anticlockwise) to the limiting position (the limiting position refers
to the position that if you continue to turn the pedal in the same direction, the patient will feel that
his foot can’t stick on the pedal tightly any longer).
6． To scan the first group of images on this limiting position: on APEX interface, tune coil, determine
scan slices, sequence and parameters;
7． Press [Scan] button to scan;
8． When finishing scan, turn the pedal a certain angle (6ºor 5ºis recommended) in the reverse
direction, then scan the next group images;
9． Repeat step 7 -8 to get a series of images, till the pedal reach the other limiting position;
Notice:
1． The patient’s cooperation is extremely important to get satisfying motion analyzing images. You
shall prompt the patient to stick the foot sole on the pedal tightly and keep still when scanning;
2． 2. The moving toward the right and left direction can seriously influences the quality of images
and continuity of motion playback. It recommended putting the patient’s foot against the same
capped edge of foot pedal in the whole process of scan
