Open XML Developer Workshop SpreadsheetML Advanced

Open XML Developer Workshop

SpreadsheetML AdvancedSpreadsheetML Advanced


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ObjectivesObjectives

This module covers SpreadsheetML concepts that are used in typical spreadsheet documents:

Formatting optionsAnatomy of the styles partStyles and themesNamed rangesCommentsPivot tables


SpreadsheetML Formatting OptionsSpreadsheetML Formatting Options

Direct Cell Formatting (XF)FontsFillsBordersNumeric Formatting

Cell StylesTable StylesPivotTable Styles


STYLESSTYLES


Style part (styles.xml)Style part (styles.xml)

Contents of the <styleSheet> element:

Description Tag

Number Format Expressions <numFmts>

Font Definitions <fonts>

Fill Definitions <fills>

Border Definitions <borders>

Master Records – Cell Styles <cellStyleXfs>

Master Records – Formatting <cellXfs>

Cell Styles (named for UI) <cellStyles>

Differential Formatting Records <dxfs>

Custom Table Styles <tableStyles>


Number Format Expressions <numFmts>Number Format Expressions <numFmts>

Cell number format definitionsThe numFmtId attribute uniquely identifies each entry

Number formats don’t use 0-based index like other style definitions

Example (for currency formatting):

May not reference theme definitions

<numFmts count="1"> <numFmt numFmtId="164" formatCode=""$"#,##0.00" /> </numFmts>

# of formats defined Formatting expression

ID for this formatting style (to apply it directly)


Font Definitions <fonts>Font Definitions <fonts>

Referenced by index (fontId) from master recordsProperties may reference theme definitions

<fonts count="3"> <sz val="11" /> <color theme="1" /> <name val="Calibri" /> <family val="2" /> <scheme val="minor" /> <sz val="8" /> <color indexed="81" /> <name val="Tahoma" /> <family val="2" /> <sz val="8" /> <color RGB=“FFABCDEF" /> <name val="Tahoma" /> <family val="2" /> </fonts>

Color 1 from theme definition

Indexed color reference

Bold version of above font

fontId=0

fontId=1

fontId=2


Fill Definitions <fills>Fill Definitions <fills>

Referenced by index (fillId) from master recordsST_PatternType fill patterns documented in §18.18.55

<fills count="2"> <fill> <patternFill patternType="none" /> </fill> <fill> <patternFill patternType="gray125" /> </fill> <fill> <patternFill patternType=“solid”> <fgColor theme=“4”/> <bgColor theme=“7”/> </patternFill></fills>

Color 4 from theme definition


Master Record – Cell Styles <cellStyleXfs>Master Record – Cell Styles <cellStyleXfs>

Groups together a specific combination of style settings for use in a cellStyle definition

Master records are referenced by index (xfId)

<cellStyleXfs count="1"> <xf numFmtId="0" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" /> </cellStyleXfs>

Border definition (0-based index) Fill definition (0-based index) Font definition (0-based index) Number format expression (unique ID)


Master Record – Formatting <cellXfs>Master Record – Formatting <cellXfs>

Groups together a specific combination of style settings for use in directing formatting from a cell

NOTE: master records are referenced by index and not xfId (§18.8.10). For example, to reference the 2nd master record above (i.e., index=1):

<cellXfs count="2"> <xf numFmtId="0" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" xfId="0" /> <xf numFmtId="164" fontId="0" fillId="0" borderId="0" xfId="0" applyNumberFormat="1" /> </cellXfs>

<c r=“A1” s=“1” t=“s”> <v>0</v></c>


Master Record Direct FormattingMaster Record Direct Formatting

DEMO


Styles & ThemesStyles & Themes

We have seen examples of direct formattingRich text settings in the <rPr> run properties elementApplied directly to cell contents or comment text

Formatting can also be specified by a styleNamed collection of formatting elementsStyle types: cell style, table style, pivotTable style

A style may refer to a theme definitionThemes define a set of colors, font information, and shape effectsDirect formatting may also refer to a themePicking a different theme changes the styles/formatting that refer to it


Applying Cell, Table, PivotTable StylesApplying Cell, Table, PivotTable Styles

Styles are named

Explicit formatting records (xf) define the formatting properties

<cellStyles count=“2"> <cellStyle name="Normal" xfId="0” /> <cellStyle name=“Accent1" xfId=“1” /> </cellStyles>


Differential Formatting Records <dxfs>Differential Formatting Records <dxfs>

Groups of formatting information that can be applied as a differential/additive styleReferenced by index (0-based) from a tableStyle elementWhen applied, only the specified properties are changed and all other formatting properties retain their values

<dxfs count=“1”> <dxf> <color theme=“0”/> <fill> <patternFill patternType=“solid”> <fgColor theme=“4”/> <bgColor theme=“5”/> </patternFill> </fill> </dxf></dxfs>

Change font to bold and change color, leave other font properties unchanged


Custom Table Styles <tableStyles>Custom Table Styles <tableStyles>

Only custom-defined styles are saved – predefined Table/PivotTable styles are not saved

Predefined Table/PivtoTable styles – see §H.113 table regions can be formatted15 additional PivotTables regionsAll predefined styles reference themesCustom styles may reference themes

<tableStyles count=“1" defaultTableStyle="TableStyleMedium9" defaultPivotStyle="PivotStyleLight16" /> <tableStyle name=“TableStyleMedium10 – Custom” pivot=“0” count=“1”> <tableStyleElement type=“WholeTable” dxfId=“6”/> </tableStyle></tableStyles>

Apply the 7th differential formatting record to the “whole table” region


Custom Table StyleCustom Table Style

Styles part:

Table definition:


Left set of numbers have direct & themed formattingTable has a table style appliedPivotTable has a table style applied

Style & Formatting ExampleStyle & Formatting Example


Since all colors are specified as theme colors, they change when a different theme is selectedCells with non-theme colors specified wouldn’t change color with theme changes

Vary The ThemeVary The Theme


conditionalFormattingconditionalFormatting

Defined in worksheet partApplied to a range of cells

<conditionalFormatting sqref="A1:A9"> <cfRule type="dataBar" priority="3"> <dataBar> <cfvo type="min" val="0"/> <cfvo type="max" val="0"/> <color rgb="FF638EC6"/> </dataBar> </cfRule></conditionalFormatting>

DEMO


NAMED RANGESNAMED RANGES


Named Range (defined at workbook level)Named Range (defined at workbook level)

Name – requiredDescription – user-viewableComment – internal documentationFunction/hidden/vbProcedure – booleansScope defined by localSheetIdOther attributes – see §18.14.5

DEMO

<definedNames> <definedName name=“MyFormula” comment=“My comment.">SUM(Sheet3!$B$2:$B$9)</definedName> <definedName name=“MyRange1">Sheet3!$A$1:$C$12</definedName> <definedName name=“MyRange2" localSheetId="2” hidden="1">Sheet5!$A$1:$T$47</definedName></definedNames>


COMMENTSCOMMENTS


Comment ExampleComment Example

Typical comment

Key concepts:• Comments are not stored in the worksheet• Each worksheet may have a comment part

• Contains all comments for that worksheet

• Each comment is attached to a cell (A1 notation)• Drawing/rendering information is stored separately

• VML-based legacy format

• Implicit worksheet relationships point to comment part and drawing part


Comment partComment part<comments xmlns="...spreadsheetml..."> <authors> <author>John Smith</author> </authors> <commentList> <comment ref="D4" authorId="0"> <text> <r> <rPr> <sz val="8" /> <color indexed="81" /> <rFont val="Tahoma" /> <family val="2" /> </rPr> <t>John:</t> </r> <r> <rPr> <sz val="8" /> <color indexed="81" /> <rFont val="Tahoma" /> <family val="2" /> </rPr> <t xml:space="preserve">Why is shipping so high on this item?</t> </r> </text> </comment> </commentList></comments>

Comment for cell D4

Author 0 (from the list)

Rich text formatting

DEMO


PIVOT TABLESPIVOT TABLES


Pivot TablesPivot Tables

Pivot tables simplify large data setsAggregate information by rows/columnsTwo components must be defined:1. The pivot cache definition

• Defines the data source• Workbook has a relation to the

pivot cache definition2. The pivot table definition

• Defines the appearance• Worksheet has a relationship

to the pivot table definition

Sheet

Workbook

PivotCacheDefinition

PivotTable

1

1 1

1

Row axis Column axis

Values

n n

n

n


Pivot Cache DefinitionPivot Cache Definition

Defines data source (may be internal or external)Defines pivot-table fields and pivot values

<pivotCacheDefinition refreshOnLoad="1" invalid="1"> <cacheSource type="worksheet"> <worksheetSource ref="A1:G1525" sheet="Sheet1" /> </cacheSource> <cacheFields count="2"> <cacheField name="Territory" numFmtId="0"> <sharedItems count="10"> <s v="Canada" /> <s v="Northwest" /> <s v="Southeast" /> ... <s v="Australia" /> </sharedItems> </cacheField> <cacheField name="Sale Total" numFmtId="0"> <sharedItems containsSemiMixedTypes="0“ containsString="0“ containsNumber="1" /> </cacheField> </cacheFields></pivotCacheDefinition>

Data source

Cache field

Pivot values


Pivot Table DefinitionPivot Table Definition

Defines the look & feel of the pivot table<pivotTableDefinition name="PivotTable1" cacheId="1“ dataCaption="Value">

<location ref="A1:B12" firstHeaderRow="1" firstDataRow="2" firstDataCol="1" />

<pivotFields count="2"> <pivotField axis="axisRow" showAll="0"> <items count="11"> <item x="0" /> <item x="1" /> ... <item t="default" /> </items> </pivotField> <pivotField dataField="1" showAll="0" /> </pivotFields> <rowFields count="1"> <field x="0" /> </rowFields> <dataFields count="1"> <dataField name="Sum of Sales" fld="1" /> </dataFields></pivotTableDefinition>

Associated cache definition (ID from workbook part)

Location of the pivot table within the worksheet

DEMO

Documents

Open XML Developer Workshop SpreadsheetML Advanced