Open XML Developer Workshop Office Open XML Architecture A developers introduction to the file formats

Open XML Developer Workshop

Office Open XML ArchitectureOffice Open XML Architecture

A developer’s introduction to the file formats


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ObjectivesObjectives

• In this module, we will learn about the architecture of the Office Open XML formats.

• Primary focus is on concepts that apply to all three main document types.

• Details specific to word processing documents, spreadsheets, or presentations will be covered in separate modules for each of those document types.


Evolution of Document AuthoringEvolution of Document Authoring

Old approach: linear, static

Temporary electronic document, permanent paper documentFace-to-face collaboration using paper documents; requires physical presenceBinary formats optimized for the high cost of storage and bandwidth; proprietary

New approach: dynamic, interactive

Permanent electronic document, temporary paper documentDigital collaboration using electronic documents; participants in many locationsXML-based formats optimized for flexibility, reusability, and maintainability; open standards

Create Print Archive

Generate

Edit

SendEdit

Receive


• Formats describe information• Define content appearance• Structure content for business processes

Enable machines (software) to use information

Software applications use informationProvide functionality for authoring, organizing,developing, representing, evaluating, reviewing,collaborating, validating, calculating, protecting,and printing information

Formats can influence application design, and vice versaOpen Document Format (ODF) and OpenOffice functionalityOffice Open XML and Microsoft Office functionality

Document Formats and ApplicationsDocument Formats and Applications

-5-


Features of Office Open XMLFeatures of Office Open XML

Open•Open XML Formats standardization: Ecma, ISO/IEC in process•XML-based formats for predictable long-term interoperability•Royalty-free licenses enable broad access to technology

Forward-looking

•ZIP compression of the format reduces file sizes•Segmented storage improves data recovery and programmatic access•Full accessibility support

Compatible•Full support for Microsoft Office functionality•Compatibility with Office 2000, XP, and 2003•Bulk document conversion tools available


Demo: Open XML In ActionDemo: Open XML In Action

DB

VM

Linux OS

Web Server

Tomcat JSP

Application

IE

Windows OS

Word 2007

1. Generate Document

3. Edit Document

4. Upload

5. Publish to Web

6. View in Browser

2. Download

ServerDesktop

DEMO

http://www.mysql.com/

http://tomcat.apache.org/


Levels of InteroperabilityReference and Custom-defined SchemasLevels of InteroperabilityReference and Custom-defined Schemas

Custom-defined SchemasData-oriented (e.g.: Price, Invoice)business informationEnable System Integration

XML Reference SchemasDisplay-oriented (Bold, Italics, Tables, Paragraphs, Styles,…)Document FormatEnable Archival and File Formats Interoperability


Levels of Interoperability Technical InteroperabilityLevels of Interoperability Technical Interoperability

<w:p> <w:r> <w:rPr><w:b /></w:rPr> <w:t>John Doe</w:t> </w:r> <w:r> <w:rPr><w:i /></w:rPr> <w:t>Health Agency</w:t> </w:r></w:p>

XML Reference SchemasDisplay-oriented (for example, Bold, Italics, Tables, Paragraphs, Styles)Document FormatEnable Archival and File Formats Interoperability


Custom-defined SchemasData-oriented (for example, Price, Invoice)business informationEnable System Integration

<ConferenceReport> <Date>3/24/2004</Date> <Attendees> <Attendee Name=“John Doe”> <Department>

Health Agency </Department> <Potential> <Sales>100</Sales> <Growth>25%</Growth> … </Attendee>

Levels of Interoperability Semantic interoperability


Word: a 24-year evolutionWord: a 24-year evolution

Office 2000

Word for Windows 1.0(Windows) 1989

Office XP

Office 2003

Office 2007

Word 12

Office 97

Multi-Tool Word 1983(Xenix)

Word 1.0 1983(DOS)

Word 3.0 1987

Word for Mac1985 (Mac)

Word 6.0 1993

Word 5.1 1992

Word v.X 2001

(OS X)

Word 5.5 1991

Word for OS/2 1992

Word 5.1 1992(UNIX)

.DOC .RTF 1990 (by DEC 1987) XML 2003


XML in Office: a 10-year evolutionXML in Office: a 10-year evolution

Office 2000XML Document Properties

Office 97Binary formats

Office XPSpreadsheet XML

Office 2003WordProcessingML

SpreadsheetML

Custom schemas

2007 Office systemPresentationML

XML-based formats


User View of Open XML FilesUser View of Open XML Files

Single file

Compact

Corruption resistantSegmented architectureCorruption of any part would not prohibit opening

Separation of macro-enabled contentMacro-enabled extension end with “m” instead of “x” (e.g. .docm)VBA, Excel Macro-Sheets, PowerPoint Action Commands

Enforced at runtime by 2007 Office programs


Programmer View of Open XML FilesProgrammer View of Open XML Files

ZIP ArchiveDocument Parts

XML PartsBinary PartsTyped (RFC 2616)

RelationshipsConnections between parts

Content Type StreamA specially-named streamDefines mappings from part names to content typesNot itself a part, not URI addressable

Folder structure for convenience only


Hello WorldHello World

demoCreating the minimal WordprocessingML document:• 3 parts: document body, content types, relationships• Each part is simple XML (text)• Parts are packaged in a ZIP archive• Result: a well-formed Open XML document


Ecma Office Open XML SpecificationsEcma Office Open XML Specifications

WordprocessingML SpreadsheetML PresentationML

ZIP XML + Unicode

DrawingML

Content Types

Custom XML Bibliography

Markup Languages

Relationships

Metadata

DigitalSignatures

VML (legacy) Equations

Open Packaging Convention

Core Technologies

Vocabularies


Ecma Office Open XML SpecificationsEcma Office Open XML Specifications

WordprocessingML SpreadsheetML PresentationML

ZIP XML + Unicode

DrawingML

Content Types

Custom XML Bibliography

Markup Languages

Relationships

Metadata

DigitalSignatures

VML (legacy) Equations


Core Technologies

Vocabularies

Module 06, 07AModule 03, 04

Module 07B Module 05

Module 08

Module 02

Module 01, 09

Module 02

Module 02


Office Open XML File Formats ExtensionsOffice Open XML File Formats Extensions

Macro-Free Macro-Enabled

Document Template Document Template

docx dotx docm dotm

pptx potx pptm potm

xlsx xltx xlsm xltm



Enforce organizational standards for document formatting.

Document

Style

part

Standardizedlook and feel

Developer Scenario: Styling ContentDeveloper Scenario: Styling Content


Remove confidential information, tracked changes or metadata from outbound documents:

Remove macros, inappropriate language, or other content from inbound documents:

Developer Scenario: Content InspectionDeveloper Scenario: Content Inspection

Open XMLProcessing

Open XMLProcessing


Back-end system(LOB/CRM/etc.)

Development Scenario: Consuming DocumentsDevelopment Scenario: Consuming Documents

Create expense reports as spreadsheet documents, which are loaded into a back-end system on the server:

Open XMLProcessing

Authoring environment(Microsoft Office, etc.)


Create sales reports from financial and forecast data stored in a CRM system:

Calculated

data

Manual

entries

Existingcontent

Web client or rich clientallows user to select orenter content criteria

Development Scenario: Document AssemblyDevelopment Scenario: Document Assembly


Tagging document content with custom semantics for processing by a back-end system.

Authoring environment

Development Scenario: Custom XML MarkupDevelopment Scenario: Custom XML Markup

Open XMLProcessing


Custom XML Data StoreCustom XML Data Store

Custom-defined XML partStored separately from document bodyAny XML can be stored

Document propertiesWSS meta-dataCustom XML (with or without XML schema)

External applications can easily read or write the custom XML part

True separation of data and presentation

Doc/Template

Doc Parts

XML

External App


Link content controls to nodes in the XML data storeMappings use standard XPath expressionsOffice offers built-in support for mapping to metadataDevelopers can bind custom XML to content controls2-way binding between user changes and custom XML

XML Data BindingXML Data Binding

Customers


XML Data BindingXML Data Binding

demo


Open XML InteroperabilityOpen XML Interoperability

Linux Java Microsoft COM

ZIP LibraryMinizip

zLibJ2SE

java.util.zip

.NET Framework 3.0System.IO. Packaging*

Microsoft SDK for Open XML Formats **

Xceed .NET controls

Xceed ActiveX controls

XML Library Apache Xerces JAXP .NET Framework 3.0System.Xml MSXML

* Includes abstractions for OPC concepts

** Includes classes for package parts (strongly typed parts)


The Ecma SpecThe Ecma Spec

Where to get the final draftOpenXmlDeveloper.org home page has latest link

Organization of the spec1. Fundamentals2. Open Packaging Conventions3. Primer4. Markup Language Reference5. Markup Compatibility and Extensibility

Reference Schemas (XSD, RelaxNG)


The Ecma Spec: Where To StartThe Ecma Spec: Where To Start

Where to get the final draftOpenXmlDeveloper.org home page has latest link

Organization of the spec1. Fundamentals2. Open Packaging Conventions3. Primer4. Markup Language Reference5. Markup Compatibility and Extensibility

Reference Schemas (XSD, RelaxNG)

Read 1st

ReferencematerialsRead 2nd


OpenXmlDeveloper.orgOpenXmlDeveloper.org

Formed by 40 companies to share developer information about the Office Open XML file formats

Articles with full source code for C#, VB, Java, XSLT

Forums for posting technical questions
