1.0 IntroductionMeaning of Open Source Software (OSS )Open source software (OSS) is defined as computer software for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders areprovided under a software license that meets the Open Source Definition or that is in the public domain. This permits users to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms.Meaning of HardwareA computer's hardware consists of the physical components necessary to operate and interact with a computer. Since a computer's primary language is binary,devices are necessary to convert our input into that language. The binary code coming out of the computer must also be translated into something usable for the operator.Meaning of SoftwareSoftware is often divided into two catagories-application and system software.Application software uses the computer system to perform useful work or provide entertainment functions beyond the basic operation of the computer itself.System software is designed to operate the computer hardware, to provide basic functionality, and to provide a platform for running application software. System software includes- Operating system, an essential collection of computer programs that manages resources and provides common services for other software. Supervisory programs, boot loaders, shells and window systems are core parts of operating systems. In practice, an operating system comes bundled with additional software (including application software) so that a user can potentially do some work with a computer that only has an operating system.Device driver, a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. Each device needs at least one corresponding device driver; thus a computer needs more than one device driver.Utilities, software designed to assist users in maintenance and care of their computers.2.0 The latest Open Source Operating System (OS) 2.1 Meaning of Open Source Operating SystemOpen Source Operating System is the most important program that runs on a computer that is free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.2.2 Example of Open Source Operating SystemKubuntu LinuxKubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system which uses the KDE Plasma Desktop instead of the Unity graphical environment. As part of the Ubuntu project, Kubuntu uses the same underlying systems, every package in Kubuntu shares the same repositories as Ubuntu, and it is released regularly on the same schedule as Ubuntu. It is possible (but neither practical nor efficient) to install both the KDE Plasma Desktop (kubuntu-desktop) and the Unity desktop (ubuntu-desktop) on the same machine.Kubuntu was sponsored by Canonical Ltd. until 2012, and thereafter by Blue Systems. During the changeover, Kubuntu retained the use of Ubuntu project servers and existing developers. Latest release is on April 17 2014. Fedora LinuxFedora (formerly Fedora Core) is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and owned by Red Hat. Fedora contains software distributed under a free and open source license and aims to be on the leading edge of such technologies.Linus Torvalds, author of the Linux kernel, uses Fedora on all his computers. Latest release is on December 17 2013.

3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software3.1 Meaning of Open Source Application SoftwareOpen Source Application Software also called as end-user programs includes database programs, word processors, and spreadsheets. It is free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms.3.2 Example of Open Source Application SoftwareMozila FirefoxMozilla Firefox (known simply as Firefox) is a free and open-source web browser developed for Windows, OS X, and Linux, with a mobile version for Android, by the Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. Firefox uses the Gecko layout engine to render web pages, which implements current and anticipated web standards. It was release on September 23 2002.Open OfficeOpenOffice.org (OOo), commonly known as OpenOffice, was an open-source office suite. It was an open-sourced version of the earlier StarOffice, which Sun Microsystems acquired in 1999 for internal use. Sun open-sourced the software in July 2000 as a competitor to Microsoft Office, releasing version 1.0 on 1 May 2002. The project was closed by Oracle Corporation, the then-owner of Sun, in April 2011. Active successor projects include Apache OpenOffice, LibreOffice and NeoOffice.OpenOffice.org's default file format was the OpenDocument Format (ODF), an ISO/IEC standard, which originated with OpenOffice.org. It could also read a wide variety of other file formats, with particular attention to those from Microsoft Office.OpenOffice.org contained a word processor, a spreadsheet, a presentation application a drawing application,a formula editor, and a database management application.OpenOffice.org was primarily developed for Linux, Microsoft Windows and Solaris, and later for OS X, with ports to other operating systems. It was distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 (LGPL); early versions were also available under the Sun Industry Standards Source License (SISSL). It was released on 12 February 2014.4.0 The Latest Development in ICT4.1 Hardware Canon PIXMA MX360(previous)

Canon i-Sensys MF6180dw (latest)

Canon Pixma MX360 is a printer produced by Canon. First introduced by Canon in January during CES 2012. All-In-One with fax and ADF Up to 4800 x 1200 dpi ISO ESAT 8.4 ipm mono / 4.8 ipm colour 10x15cm photos in approx. 43 seconds Scan to USB without a PC Easy-WebPrint EX for efficient web printing Auto Document Fix enhancement Full HD Movie Print PictBridge Canon i-Sensys MF6180dw is a printer produced by Canon. First unveiled on May 23,2014. Wi-Fi networking Apple AirPrint and Google Cloud Print Up to 33ppm black and white printing Scan to USB PostScript & PCL compatible Automatic double-sided printing & scanning Solution keys 1.3 KWh/week TEC rating SEND functionality Max 800-sheet capacity

4.2 Softwarea) Adobe Photoshop CS 5 (Previous)

b) Adobe Photoshop CS 6 (Latest)

Adobe photoshop cs5 was released on 26 January 2012

Features- Smart Radius, The Smart Radius featureeasily creates accurate selections of fine anddetailed components.- Content-Aware Fill, Clean removal ofunwanted photo elements - Easily removeany image component, person or object.-Mini Bridge, it displays as a panelizedversion of Bridge

Adobe photoshop cs6 was released on 23 April 2013

Added new features- The Bottom Line, Since Creative Suite 3,Photoshop comes in a Standard version aswell as an Extended version with specialized tools and features for the video, engineering, architecture, manufacturing, science, and medical fields.- Pros, ultimate flexibility and more non-destructive editing and time-saving tools with each update.- Cons, hotoshop CS6 marks the end ofsupport for 32-bit Macintosh systems.

5.0 Pervasive Computing5.1 Meaning of Pervasive ComputingPervasive computing (also called ubiquitous computing) is the growing trend towards embedding microprocessor in everyday objects so they can communicate information. The words pervasive and ubiquitous mean "existing everywhere." Pervasive computing devices are completely connected and constantly available.5.2 Example of Pervasive ComputingSmartphone A smartphone (or smart phone) is a mobile phone with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than basic feature phones. Early smartphones typically combined the features of a mobile phone with those of another popular consumer device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a media player, a digital camera, and/or a GPS navigation unit. Later smartphones include all of those plus the features of a touchscreen computer, including web browsing, Wi-Fi, and 3rd-party apps.Currently, about 90% of handset sales worldwide are for devices driven by Google's Android and Apple's iOS mobile operating systems. Latest release is on April 2014 by Samsung.

SmartWatch The Samsung Galaxy Gear is a smartwatch produced by Samsung Electronics in the Samsung Gear family of devices. Unveiled during a Samsung Unpacked event in Berlin, Germany on September 4, 2013, the device serves as a companion for all Samsung Galaxy smartphones and tablets which run Android 4.3 or newer; on launch, this included the Galaxy Note 3 and Galaxy Note 10.1 2014 Edition. Originally released as an Android-based device,Samsung replaced the operating system with Tizen through a May 2014 software update.The Galaxy Gear was released to a generally negative reception; it was criticized for the lackluster design of its interface, the inadequate implementation of some of its software, the few apps available, its poor battery life, and its dependency on Samsung Galaxy phones and tablets.The Gear's successor, the Gear 2, was released on April 11, 2014.

6.0 ConclusionOpen-source software development is the process by which open-source software (or similar software whose source code is publicly available) is often developed. These are software products available with its source code and under an open-source license to study, change, and improve its design. Examples of popular open-source software products are Mozilla Firefox, Google Chromium, Android and the Apache OpenOffice Suite. In the past, the open-source software development method has been very unstructured, because no clear development tools, phases, etc. had been defined with development methods such as dynamic systems development method. Instead, each project had its own phases. More recently, however, there has been much better progress, coordination, and communication within the open-source community.

References http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/pervasive-computing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software http://www.canon-europe.com/For_Home/Product_Finder/Printers/Inkjet/PIXMA_MX360/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubuntu http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adobe_Photoshop http://www.canon-europe.com/For_Home/Product_Finder/Printers/Inkjet/PIXMA_MX360/index.aspx http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_windows http://www.trustedreviews.com/canon-i-sensys-mf6180dw_Printer_review http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comodo_IceDragon

4