Open data table of Open data table of hydrodynamic simulations for hydrodynamic simulations for

jet quenching calculationsjet quenching calculations

Tetsufumi HiranoTetsufumi Hirano

Institute of Physics, University of TokyoInstitute of Physics, University of Tokyo

Original work: TH, Yasushi NaraOriginal work: TH, Yasushi NaraCollaborators: Masatsugu Isse, Akira Ohnishi, Koji YoshinoCollaborators: Masatsugu Isse, Akira Ohnishi, Koji Yoshino

Workshop “Interaction between Hard Probes and The Bulk”in 2006 RHIC & AGS annual users’ meeting

MotivationMotivation

• Important Key Topics @ RHICImportant Key Topics @ RHIC– Elliptic flowElliptic flow– Jet quenchingJet quenching– Color Glass CondensateColor Glass Condensate– Particle ratioParticle ratio– RecombinationRecombination– ……

• My sole question:My sole question:– Are we able to get a consistent picture at Are we able to get a consistent picture at

RHIC?RHIC?

…suggest appealing QGP-based picture of RHIC collision evolu-tion, BUT invoke 5 distinct models, each with own ambigu-ities, to get there. pQCD parton E loss

The Five Pillars of RHIC WisdomThe Five Pillars of RHIC WisdomIdeal hydro

Quark recombination constituent q d.o.f.

CGC

Statistical model

Early thermalization + soft EOS

Very high inferred initial gluon density

Very high anticipated initial gluon density

u, d, s equil-ibration near Tcrit

Adapted from T.HallmanTalk@ICHEP04

Example 1Example 1Elliptic flow Particle ratio

Issue: Conventional ideal hydro could not reproduce particle ratio.Solution: Introduction of chemical freezeout in hydro.

Interpretation: Accidental reproduction by ideal hydro. Necessity of dissipation in the hadron phase.

TH and M.Gyulassy(’06)

N.Arbex et al.(’01), TH and K.Tsuda(’02), D.Teaney(’02)

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Example 2Example 2Elliptic flow Color Glass Condensate

Issue: CGC initial conditions were not implemented in hydro.Solution: Introduction of CGC initial conditions in hydro.

Interpretation: Larger eccentricity from CGC (talk by Y.Nara) Necessity of dissipation even in the QGP phase!

TH and Y.Nara(’04)

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harzeev and Levin(’01)D

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Hirano,Heinz,Kharzeev,Lacey,Nara, PLB636(’06)299.

Large Eccentricity from CGC Initial Large Eccentricity from CGC Initial Condition (talk by Y.Nara)Condition (talk by Y.Nara)

xx

yy

Pocket formula (ideal hydro):Pocket formula (ideal hydro): vv22 ~ 0.2 ~ 0.2 @ RHIC energies @ RHIC energies

Ollitrault(’92)Ollitrault(’92)

Hirano and Nara(’04), Hirano et al.(’06)Hirano and Nara(’04), Hirano et al.(’06)Kuhlman et al.(’06), Drescher et al.(’06)Kuhlman et al.(’06), Drescher et al.(’06)

Do we get a consistent pictureDo we get a consistent picturealso in high palso in high pTT??

• Bjorken scaling solution,

is often assumed in most jet quenching calculations.

Life time of partonic phase? (f<5-10 fm/c)

Transverse flow/profile?

• Sharp edge profile is assumed in some high pT elliptic flow calculations.

Contradict to low pT v2.

Violation of NViolation of Npartpart2/32/3 scaling in scaling in

RRAAAA(N(Npartpart))Hirano and Nara (’02)

We can interpret the dataif we use Bjorken formula.(Manifestation of

scaling.)However, in realisticsituations, partons areconfined into hadrons atsome density.Thus, a naivescaling is broken inperipheral regions.

We make our full 3D hydro results We make our full 3D hydro results open to public!open to public!

3D hydro+jetCGC+3D hydro

T.H. and Y.Nara (’02-)

Not the hydro code itself, but the numerical data table of hydro simulations.

It’s already open!It’s already open!

http://nt1.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~hirano/parevo/parevo.html

http://nt1.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~hirano/parevo/parevo.html

What is Available?What is Available?

Solution of full 3D hydro simulations:Solution of full 3D hydro simulations:•Thermalized Parton density Thermalized Parton density •Temperature Temperature T T (>(>TTcc))•transverse flow (vtransverse flow (vxx,v,vyy))

@ (@ (, , xx, , yy, , ss))

Applying Suggestion: Up to you!Applying Suggestion: Up to you!

Jet quenching

Meson

RecombinationCoalescence

Thermalradiation

(photon/dilepton)

Information along a path

Information on surface

Information inside medium

Baryon

FunctionsFunctionsCurrent version:Current version:

getrho(tau,x,y,eta):getrho(tau,x,y,eta): Local parton density Local parton densitygettemp(tau,x,y,eta):gettemp(tau,x,y,eta): Local temperature Local temperaturegetvx(tau,x,y,eta):getvx(tau,x,y,eta): Local v Local vxx

getvy(tau,x,y,eta):getvy(tau,x,y,eta): Local v Local vyy

getInitialPosition(b,tau0,x,y,eta0):getInitialPosition(b,tau0,x,y,eta0): Initial parton position with binary collisionInitial parton position with binary collisiongetInitialPosition(p0,phi0):getInitialPosition(p0,phi0): Initial parton momentum with power law tailInitial parton momentum with power law tail

Next version:Next version:getglv1st(tau,x,y,eta,p0):getglv1st(tau,x,y,eta,p0): GLV 1 GLV 1stst order ordergetglv1sts(tau,x,y,eta,p0):getglv1sts(tau,x,y,eta,p0): GLV 1GLV 1stst order neglecting kinematics order neglecting kinematicsmoliere(p0):moliere(p0): Elastic scattering angle Elastic scattering angleopacityela(p0,opa):opacityela(p0,opa): Elastic scattering angle at chi Elastic scattering angle at chi

Updates in Near FutureUpdates in Near FutureCentrality dependenceCentrality dependence Rapidity dependenceRapidity dependence

• Glauber-BGK modelGlauber-BGK model NNpartpart:N:Ncollcoll = 85%:15% = 85%:15%• CGC modelCGC model Matching I.C. via e(x,y,Matching I.C. via e(x,y,))

T.Hirano et al.(’06)T.Hirano et al.(’06)

A Glimpse of Code (1)A Glimpse of Code (1)

Density, temperature, and flow at (t,x,y,Density, temperature, and flow at (t,x,y,))

A Glimpse of Code (2)A Glimpse of Code (2)

Calculation of energy lossCalculation of energy loss

Energy of jet seen fromEnergy of jet seen froma co-moving fluid a co-moving fluid element:element:

Application Example:Application Example:Hadronization through Jet-Fluid StringHadronization through Jet-Fluid String

In Rudy Hwa’s language, this model describes shower-shower, shower-thermal, NOT thermal-thermal.

T.Hirano, M.Isse, Y.Nara, A.Ohnishi, K.Yoshino, (in preparation).

Space-time evolution of the QGP fluidOpen data table

StringFragmentation

PYTHIA(Lund)

Energy loss GLV 1st order

Comparison btw two mechanismsComparison btw two mechanisms

Lorentz-boosted thermal parton distributionat T=Tc hyper surface from hydro simulations

ppTT distributions distributions

20-30% centrality

GLV 1st order (simplified) formula

Effective parton density from hydro

Independent fragmentation C=2.5-3.0Jet-fluid string C=8.0

•Fluctuation of the number of emitted gluon•Chemical non-equilibrium in the QGP phase•Higher order in opacity expansion•Cronin effect …

Neglecting many effects

Fitting the pT data is ourstarting point.

vv22 @ intermediate-high p @ intermediate-high pTT

v2(JFS) ~ 0.1 at b~8 fmwithout assuming

an unrealistic hard sphere

20-30% centrality

High pHigh pTT v v22 puzzle!? puzzle!?STAR, PRL93,252301(’04)

Mechanism 1Mechanism 1

A fluid parton combineswith a jet parton and formsa hadronic string in a waythat total momentum isconserved.In order to compensate thiseffect, one needs additionalparton energy loss in comparison with independentfragmentation scheme.This enhances v2.

Mechanism 2Mechanism 2

Direction of flow~Perpendicular to surface

Direction of jets~Radial on average

Direction of stringmomentum is tiltedto reaction planein comparison withcollinear direction.

SummarySummary

• We are now in the next stage to understand the RHIC data.

(Can we establish a consistent picture?)

• Visit our site! http://nt1.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp /~hirano/parevo/parevo.html

• Hadronization through jet-fluid strings as an application example of the open data table.

Hydrodynamics in OSCARHydrodynamics in OSCAR

•AZHYDRO Ver.0.0 (2+1) D hydroAuthor: P.Kolb•BJ_HYDRO Ver.1.1 (1+1)D hydroAuthor:A.Dumitru,D.H.Rischke

http://www-cunuke.phys.columbia.edu/OSCAR/

Caveat: “No-Go theorem” for hadron EOS in chemical equilibriumOnly relevant EOS is “rapp250.dat” in AZHYDRO.

TH and M.Gyulassy(’06)