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Sten Rentzhog

OPEN AIR MUSEUMS

Translated by

Skans Victoria Airey

Published in cooperation with ALHFAMand The Association of European Open Air Museums

Carlssons Jamtli

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Published with financial support from:

Nordisk Kulturfond, Statens kulturråd, Letterstedtska föreningen,

Reykjavikurborg, Norsk Folkemuseum, Maihaugen, Sverresborg,

Trøndelag Folkemuseum, Den Gamle By, Frilandsmuseet,

Gamla Linköping, Jämtlands läns museum, Kulturen, Skansen.

© 2007 Sten Rentzhog

Published by Jamtli Förlag and Carlsson Bokförlag

Picture editor: Kristina Berg

Graphic form and digital production: Bo Herlin

Printed by Kristianstads Boktryckeri in Kristianstad, Sweden 2007

978-9-7948-208-4

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Contents

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.

The Skansen of the 90s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Know Thyself. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The best possible moment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Hazelius as innovator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hazelius and the museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

. Museums for ordinary people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Open air museums and nationalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A museum of buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

The very first open air museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 We do not aim at any illusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The innumerable small museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A romanticist with an artistic spirit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6The rebellious free thinker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Two regional open air museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 A town history open air museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . We are, and want to be, Dutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9The vision is passed on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

. 11Baltic nation building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 An open air museum as a sociological experiment . . . . . . . . . . . 0 Museums in Czechoslovakia and Nazi Germany . . . . . . . . . . . 06 French museum theory and Welsh nationalism . . . . . . . . . . . . Continuing Scandinavian initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skansen and the Swedish “People’s Home” . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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. 1Industrialist and social reformer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4The Edison Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0Greenfield Village as a forerunner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Convincing a millionaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The eighteenth century resurrected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A national place of pilgrimage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

. 1Village museum and folk home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A total experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The perfect landscape museum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6New areas, new countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A collection of buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

. 1Contemporary life in museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Skansenology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94The living tradition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

. An open air museum of technological history . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial archaeology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Victorian town . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0“Nostalgia is the sugar on the pill” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. A village in New England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40The America of the Pilgrim Fathers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Singing seamen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Secrets of the imagination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The America of the Pioneers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

The beginnings of a new state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64European immigrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Agrarian history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A provoking new method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9The long route to the slave auction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

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1. The regeneration of Frilandsmuseet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0“A museum about people” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 Historyland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11. A growing time gap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norway takes the lead once more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The needs of the visitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Bridges to the past . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Drama, games and play . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4German reorientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0

America’s Greatest History Attraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Opening doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back to the founders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Open air museums throw off the shackles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

1. 1 A triple strategy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New needs, new possibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1. Large or small . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illusion and reality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . True and false . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. ’ A reserve for threatened buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 An advisory centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Craftsmanship and craft training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Biological diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

On with the dance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 Open air museums and research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409

1. 1Sense and sensibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 A democratic history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Getting things to talk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

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Meeting people . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4The inverted time perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Onlooker or participant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

1. Play and imagination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Joyful learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 The open air museum as an arena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1. The need for visionary leaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 The soul of the museum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Joining forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Doorways to the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Illustration credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

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When Skansen, the first open air museum in the world, was opened in 89,thanks to the beneficent activity of Artur Hazelius, even the founder himselfdid not think that this kind of museum would be so successful and would havesuch a magnificent career internationally. In the last 5 years, several open airmuseums have been established in different size and quality all over the world,in more waves. At the beginning, this museum type set root only in NorthernEurope, then in Western—and Central—Europe too; later it appeared on the American continent, in Asia and Australia too, and finally, it started to emergein Africa also.

The popularity of open air museums is best proved by the fact, that in 2004,in the 25 countries of the European Union there were 500 million museum visi-tors. This number is higher than the whole population of the European Unionand 33% of these people visited open air type museums. Consequently, the sig-nificance and social prestige of open air museums cannot be queried, the exist-ing cultural policy and social dialogue must always deal with this important

segment of culture.The Association of European Open Air Museums, the professional organisa-

tion, assembling the open air museums of the European Continent, had a milestone in its 40-year long history in 200, a general meeting in Szentendre, Hun-gary. With the title New Millennium, New Challenges for Open Air Museumsthe conference drew up the most important questions the open air museumsof Europe and the world have to face: first of all, there was a topic with the titleSurvival of a 9th century idea in the 2st century; the conference also dealt withvisitor expectations and the answers the museums give in return; and finally,

there was a discussion concerning the limits of museums in time, space, topicand interpretation. Sten Rentzhog, the author of this volume was a very thoughtful participantof this conference. He diligently collected data, information and pictures of theopen air museums of the world throughout the years in the Nordiska museetin Stockholm and in the Jamtli Open Air Museum, Sweden. The result of thisconscious and meticulous work is in the hand of the distinguished reader. Thebook has a revolutionary significance: on the one hand being a comprehensive

Foreword

ix

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x

summary, it exceeds the works of previous European authors. In 974 AdelhartZippelius (Germany), at the end of the 980s Jerzy Czajkowski (Poland), and in2004 Jiří Langer (Czech Republic) gave a summary about the European open airmuseums. The aim of these volumes was not a deeper analysis but to inform the

general public, to sum up the knowledge about open air museums for a widercircle of people.Sten Rentzhog wrote a book, which is based on professional experience,

gained during the decades of work in open air museums and the personal expe-riences from several continents. This is not a guide book, not a list of open airmuseums, not a publication for tourists. The author examines the open airmuseums of almost all continents in a very special way. Beyond the analysis, italso includes serious statements on the basis of comparative analysis, besides anextremely readable introduction to the museums, which sketches the historicdevelopment of this museum type, its past, present, exhibitions and character-istics unawares. Connected to the general meeting of the Association of Euro-pean Open Air Museums in 200, he also delineates the varieties of a possiblefuture in several closing chapters.

The book, written by Sten Rentzhog, becomes available in English not justfor the growing number of those who are professionally interested, but also forthose laymen who visit these museums. This book is a summary, being a scien-tific product and an enjoyable reading at the same time. On behalf of the Asso-ciation of Open Air Museums and myself I kindly recommend this volume.

Dr. Miklós Cseri President of the Associationof European Open Air Museums

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Preface

This is a “more-than” book, more than a story of the museums, more than ahandbook and critique, more than an armchair traveler’s guide. It is all of theseand much more. It is the first comprehensive study of open air museums inEurope and North America, including the well-known, the less-recognized,and a few that the author admits are not true open air museums. It is a sensitiveexamination of visionary and not-so-visionary leaders, of the ideas that movedthem, and the strengths and weaknesses of what they created. Most important,perhaps, the book is a provocative and earnest call for open air museums inEurope and North America to do things that will help them survive and suc-ceed in the 2st century. The call is supported with many good ideas that actu-ally are carried out in museums the author discusses. Theory and practice arecombined here in ways that will be interesting and useful to staff and support-ers. The armchair traveler will discover not only what museums are out there,but gain an understanding of what museums can do, becoming an informed,and even demanding, visitor.

The author is an experienced museum professional and scholar. His book is aproduct of a lifetime of work in Sweden, of engagement in international museumorganizations, and travel with a perceptive eye in Europe and North America. As much as the past is always with him, so is the future. He is intrigued by thepossibilities of the many forms of “living history” and the many possibilities of“role playing” and “story-telling” in museums.

As Rentzhog explores in many places in his book, the debates about the properform and functions of open air museums have gone on over time since the begin-nings. In the 890s, the founder of Sweden’s Skansen, Artur Hazelius, and the

Norwegian counterpart at Norsk Folkmuseum, Hans Aall, had different views.So did many other lesser known leaders and “followers,” as he terms them. Inthe United States, ever since Henry Ford and John D. Rockefeller gave form totheir versions of the past in Dearborn, Michigan, and Williamsburg, Virginia,controversies have come out repeatedly.

The Association of European Open Air Museums was founded in the 960s. At its biennial conferences the debates have often become heated; so, too, amongstaff in museums.

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xii

In North America, the Association for Living Historical Farms and Agricul-tural Museums (ALHFAM), was founded in 970. At the annual conferences,lively discussions, sometimes heated ones, about accuracy, historical reality,and proper modes of interpretation have occupied conferences. Could the liv-

ing history farm “recreate” the past, or was it really only a “model,” and shouldvisitors be made aware of that? The educational role of the museum was nevera question, but the “how” certainly was. What was most appropriate and effec-tive: third person interpretation or first person with the interpreter playing a roleof someone living or working in the place? Should the first person interpreterbreak role to answer a question of a visitor? Should period social, economic andpolitical issues be brought into the museum? More recently, the retention ofthe acronym “ALHFAM” but the change of the name to “Association for LivingHistory, Farm and Agricultural Museums” is symptomatic of the desire of manyin the organization to be focused upon interpretation and re-enactment. Rentzhog does not shy away from expressing his views, his hopes and con-cerns. In his hands, the old view that open air museums in Europe were onlyconcerned with preservation and collections, and that Americans were too con-cerned with education and the public, goes by the board. Since the 970s, manyof the same concerns and efforts to reach the public have been visible. In the lastchapters of the book, many of the matters discussed in the contexts of particu-lar museums are dealt with suggestively and more comprehensively. The openair museum to succeed in the 2st century must consider the needs of variouspublics. Nostalgia is not enough to bring younger generations to museums.

Here is a book for all interested in open air museums, whatever they are called,outdoor museums, skansens, museum villages, working historical farms, orpeasant museums. Rentzhog’s messages are important and must be heard. Visi-tors want to participate in various ways in the museum experience. They mustbe able to find real people or fictional people “inhabiting” the urban dwellings,the farmhouses, and the workshops. In interpretive and educational programs,themes should provide means to explore issues but not give fixed answers. Thereader will do well to remember Rentzhog’s words at the close of the chapter on“Industrialism.” “No museum is ever complete. Wherever one goes, one sees

possibilities. It is as if the whole museum stands waiting for the next phase.”

Edward L. Hawes Association for Living History Farm and Agricultural Museums

Consultant to museums

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509

Aall,Hans 920: Norsk Folkemuseum 1894-1919.Trekk av dets historie. Kristiania .

Aaraas,Olav 987: Fra røykstover til ferdighus. Museumsnytt : 25-27.

Aaraas,Olav 994: Maihaugen, hva nå? Maihau- gen årbok : 2-7.

Acta Scansenologica, –8, 98-200: MuzeumBudownictwa Ludowego w Sanuko.Sanok.

Ågotnes,Jakob 99: The ideology of folk muse-ums. Tagungsberichte : 73-83.

Ågotnes,Jakob E. 993: Maihaugen – i nordiskperspektiv. Maihaugen Årbok : 8-27.

Ahrens,Claus 990: Wiederaufgebaute Vorzeit.

Archäologische Freilichtmuseen in Europa. Neumünster (Karl Wacholtz). Alexander, Edward P. 968: A Fourth Dimen-

sion for History Museums. Curator XI:4 :263-289.

Alexander, Edward P. 97A: Museums in Motion. An Introduction to the History andFunctions of Museums. Nashville (American Association for State and Local History).

Alexander, Edward P. 97B: The Interpreta-tion Program of Colonial Williamsburg. Williamsburg.

Alexander, Edward P. 983: Museum Masters.Their Museums and Their Influence . Nash-ville (American Association for State and

Local History). ALHFAM Proceedings, Papers from the

ALHFAM annual conferences, The Asso-ciation for Living History, Farm and Agri-cultural Museums, 974-2006.

Alin, Margareta-Johansson,Ella 200: Frilufts-museets aktualitet. Kulturen: 6-9.

Almqvist, Victor 907: Artur Hazelius, Någraminnesord. Ord & Bild : 307-35.

Alsford, Stephen 984: The Looking-GlassWorld: A Study of Reconstructed-Commu-nity Museums in Canada . Ottawa, NationalMuseum of Man (stencil).

Amundsen, Arne Bugge-Rogan,Bjarne-Stang,Margrethe C.(red.) 2003: Museer i fortid og nåtid. Essays i museumskunnskap.Oslo (Novus Forlag).

Anderson,Gail 2004: Reinventing the Museum. Walnut Creek (Altamira).

Anderson, Jay 976/99: Immaterial MaterialCulture.The Implications of ExperimentalResearch for Folklife Museums, in KeystoneFolklore 2, 976, reprinted in Anderson99:27-32.

Anderson, Jay 982/99: Living History. Amer-ican Quarterly Review , Fall 982, reprintedin Anderson 99:3-4.

Anderson,Jay 984: Time Machines. The Worldof Living History . Nashville (American Asso-ciation for State and Local History).

Anderson,Jay 985: The Living History Source-book. Nashville (American Association forState and Local History).

Anderson,Jay 99: A Living History Reader .Nashville (American Association for Stateand Local History).

Anttila,Veikko 964: Suomen Kotiseuduntut-kimus 1894-1920, Helsinki.

Appleton,William Sumner 99: Destruc-tion and Preservation of Old Buildings inNew England, Art and Archaeology, The

Arts Throughout the Ages , Vol.VIII, No.3:3-83. Arcadius,Kerstin 997: Museum på svenska.

Länsmuseerna och kulturhistorien. Nordiskamuseets handlingar 23, Stockholm.

Armstrong,J.R.(ed) 976: Weald & DownlandOpen Air Museum Singleton. Main Guide,Singleton.

Arndt,Ernst Moritz 807: Resa genom Sverige År 1804, Andra delen. Carlstad.

Återblickar, 99: Samfundet för Hembygdsvård75 år, Bygd och Natur Årsbok.

Atkinson,Frank 968: Regional museums. Museums Journal, Vol. 68, No. 2, Sept. :74-77.

Atkinson,Frank 97: New open-air museums, Museum, Vol. XXIII, 1970/71:No. 2: 99-07.

Atkinson,Frank 999: The Man who madeBeamish. An autobiography. Gateshead(Northern Books).

Att levandegöra historia. 2000: (Rapport från)Museipedagogisk konferens. Jamtli/Jämt-lands läns museum.

Baeckström,Arvid 933: Några flyktiga Hazeli-ana från 890-talet, Minnesbladet : 20 (28).

Baer,John W. 992: The Pledge of Allegiance. A Centennial History,1892-1992. Annapolis(Free State Press).

Baker,Andrew-Leon,Warren 986/99: OldSturbridge Village Introduces Social Conflictinto Its Interpretive Story, in History News,March 986, reprinted in Anderson 99:0-4.

Baker,James 990: World View At PlimothPlantation: History And Theory, ALHFAMProceedings :64- 67.

Baker,James W. 997A: Plimoth Plantation.Fifty Years of Living History, Plymouth.

Baker,James W. 997B: Plimoth Plantation. APictorial Guide. Plymouth.

Balassa,Iván M. 200: Ein Gedanke aus dem

Literature

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9. Jahrhundert – im 2. Jahrhundert,Tagungsberichte: 63-68.

Ballenberg Jahrbuch 998: 20 Jahre Schweize-risches Freilichtmuseum Ballenberg . Brienz.

Barucki,Tadeusz 990A: Skansen w Kawasaki, Japonia . Acta Scansenologica 6: 74-85.

Barucki,Tadeusz 990B: Skansen w Bangkoku,

Tajlandia. Acta Scansenologica 6: 88-205.Bather,F.A.903: Presidential Address to theMuseums Association, July 903. Museums Journal, Vol.III: 69–32 + 36p. illustra-tions.

Bather,F.A. 96: The Triumph of Hazelius. Museums Journal, Vol.6: 32-36.

Baumeier,Stefan 996: Idee und Realisation.Zur Geschichte des westfälischen Freilicht-museums, in Baumeier-Carstensen 996:7-68.

Baumeier,Stefan 200: Die vergessenen Nach-barn, Tagungsberichte : 234-24.

Baumeier,Stefan 2005: Stoppt den Häuser-vielfrass! Entwicklung und Optimierung

umweltverträglicher Verfahren…zu Bekämpfung von Schädlingen, Tagungsberichte.Baumeier,Stefan-Carstensen,Jan 996: West-

fälisches Freilichtmuseums Detmold. Geschichte– Konzepte- Entwiklungen. Detmold.

Beamish One, 978: The First Report of the Northof England Open Air Museum Joint Commit-tee, Spring 1978. Beamish.

Beamish, 99: The Making of a Museum.Beamish.

Beamish, 2003: The Experience of a Lifetime.Beamish.

Beck,Larry & Cable,Ted T. 2002: Interpretation for the 21st Century. Fifteen Guiding Prin-ciples for Interpreting Nature and Culture.

Champaign, IL (Sagamore Publishing).Beckmann,Uwe 993: Fotografien von Wilhelm

Claas. Architektur und Technische Kultur-denkmale 1925-1950. Hagen.

Beckmann,Uwe 995-996: Wilhelm Claas unddas Westfälische Freilichtmuseum Hagen.TKD- Technische Kulturdenkmale, 30: 8-;3:2-5; 32:2-5.

Behm,A. 90: Skansens zoologiska trädgård.Kort vägledning. Stockholm.

Bengtsson,Bengt 972: Skansens stadskvartersom levande miljö, Fataburen:3-8.

Bengtsson,Bengt 973: Kulturen i Lund. Faktaoch planer. Lund.

Bennett,Tony 990: Museums and “the people”.The museum time machine, ed. R.Lumley,London&New York (Routledge): 63-85.

Bennett,Tony 995: The Birth of the Museum.London & New York (Routledge).

Berg,Gösta 933: Artur Hazelius. Mannen ochhans verk . Stockholm.

Berg,Gösta 982: Karlin och Hazelius, Kulturen:63-78.

Berg,Gösta 986: Karlin und Hazelius, ActaScansenologica: 9–23.

Berg,Jonas 980: Dräktdockor – Hazelius ochandras, Fataburen: 9-28.

Berg,Marit 2004: “It’s all the same”, Museum iFriluft, By og Bygd XXXVIII:26-38.

Bergström,Erik J.986: Härjedalens fornmin-nesförening, Jämten: 38-46.

Berlepsch-Valendas,H.E.905: SkandinavischeMuseen. Eine Reisestudie. Kunst und Hand-werk. Zeitschrift des Bayerischen Kunsgewer-

bevereins zu München, 55 Jahrg., 904/905:69-92, 20-227.Bernhardt,Kirsten 2005: Das Armenhaus im

Westfälischen Freilichtmuseum, Detmold.Bineva,Rossitsa 2002: Ethnographic Open-Air

Museum “Etar” and Problems of Enliven-ing of the Museum Exposition, in WorkingSession of the Association of European Open

Air Museums , Muzej “Staro Salo”, Kumrovec,Croatia, September 2002.

Bing,Morten 2004: “Hjem” på museum.Refleksjon rundt innredninger i et frilufts-museum. Museum i Friluft. By og Bygd XXXVIII:0-25.

Biörnstad,Arne 985: Möte om friluftsmuseer i

Hagen och Detmold, Svenska museer, Nr.1:25-31.Biörnstad,Arne 987: Friluftsmuseerna i fram-

tiden, FRI, Samarbetsblad för svenska frilufts-museer, nr 7 (föredrag från möte i Lilleham-mer sept. 987, stencil).

Biörnstad,Arne 99: Artur Hazelius ochSkansen, Skansen under hundra år. Höganäs(Bra böcker): 77-96.

Biörnstad,Arne-Liman,Ingemar 972: Skansen-programmen och tidsandan, Fataburen: 97-2.

Bjerknes,Kristian 972: Peter Holm og GamleBergen. Købstadmuseet ”Den Gamle By”

Årbog:5-6.

Björkroth,Maria 99: Från vision till verklighet, Återblickar. Bygd och Natur Årsbok :23-78

Björkroth,Maria 2000: Hembygd i samtid och framtid 1890-1930. Diss. Papers in Museol-ogy 5, Umeå.

Bjorli,Trond 2000: Kultur, vitenskap ogsamfunn. Samling og ideologi på NorskFolkemuseum 1894-1914. Hovedfagsoppgavei etnologi. Bergen.

Blaesild,Benno 2003: Making Christmas an Additional High Season, Tagungsberichte :9-08.

Bloch,Marc 930/993: Om friluftsmuseer ochbygdemuseer i Skandinavien 930, Nordiskmuseologi 993::73-76.

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 999: Den Gamle By eret laboratorium for bevaring af de gamlebygningshåndvaerk , Bygning.By og Land ,nr.42:4-7.

Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2000A: Dansk Centerfor Byhistorie ved Historisk Institut og DenGamle By, Den Gamle By :7-.

Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2000B:Levendegørelse.Den Gamle By : 3-54.

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 200: New ideas inharmony with tradition.Gamle By as anexample from Denmark,Tagungsberichte :79-86.

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Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2002: Den Gamle By. Etvindue til historien. København (Gylden-dal).

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2002: Den Gamle By. AWindow into the Past . Copenhagen 2002.

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003A: Industrisamfundetpå frilandsmuseum. Den Gamle By : 7-9.

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003B: Developing iden-tity and managing PR. Experiences fromDen Gamle.

By,in Lyck Lyse (ed.): Turistattraktionsstudier iet økonomisk perspektiv, Nyt fra Samfundsvi-denskaberne : 325-333.

Bloch Ravn,Thomas 2003C: A 20th Century Addition to The Old Town. Tagungs-berichte :5-55.

Bloch-Ravn,Thomas 2004: Historie der smageraf noget. Samvirke 2004:7.

Boardman,Kathryn 997: Revisiting LivingHistory: A Business, An Art, A Pleasure, An Education. A LHFAM Proceedings.

Boe,Liv Hilde 2004: Moské på Norsk Folke-

museum? By og Bygd, XXXVIII:42-55.Boesmans,Annick 200: The sky is the limit(?), Tagungsberichte : 94-99.

Boesman,Annick 2003: No stranger wouldsit alone where everyone feels at home,Tagungsberichte: 59-70.

Bogdan,Robert 988: Freak Show. PresentingHuman Oddities for Amusement and Profit.Chicago and London (The University ofChicago Press).

Boken om Skansen 980: Red. N.E. Baerendtz.Höganäs (Bra böcker).

Bondegård og museum – frilandsmuseernes teoriog praksis – Rapport fra seminar i anledningaf Frilandsmuseets 00-års jubilæum 997,

red. Mette Skougaard m.fl. København998. (Landbohistorisk Selskab).

Böök,Fredrik 923: Artur Hazelius En levnad-steckning , Stockholm.

Borgström,Britt Marie 2003; Tidsresan. Lek och fantasi som pedagogisk metod. Stockholm.(Nordiska museet).

Bothmer,Heinz – Karchow,Paul (no date): DasDeutsche Dorf. Volkstümliches Freilichtmu-seum zu Brandenburg a.H . Berlin.

Bowie,Beverley M. 954: Williamsburg:It’s College and it’s Cinderella City , TheNational Geographic Magazine, October954:439-486.

Bragelien,Jarle 2004: Frå Maihaugporten tilFramtidshuset. Museets utvikling gjennom00 år, Maihaugen Årbok:53-65.

Bramsen,Bo 97: The History of the Old Townmuseum in Århus. Århus

Brandt,Anthony 978/99: A Short NaturalHistory of Nostalgia, in Atlantic Monthly ,Dec. 978, repr. in Anderson 99:200–205.

Brears,Peter C.D. 980: Kirk of the Castle, Museums Journal, Vol 80: 90-92 London.

Brinchmann,Chr.900: Sandvigs samlinger paaLillehammer, Kringsjaa XVI, hefte 7-8:48-489;609-67. Kristiania.

Bringéus,Nils-Arvid 972: Artur Hazelius ochNordiska museet, Fataburen: 7-32.

Bringéus,Nils-Arvid 992: Karlin och Kulturen.Kulturen 992.

Briscoe,Virginia Wolf 977: Living HistoricalFarms, ALFHAM Proceedings

Brooke,Michael Z.970: Le Play: engineeer and

social scientist. The life and work of FrédéricLe Play . London (Longman).Brough,James 977: The Ford Dynasty. An

American Story. New York (Doubleday).Bubp,Ken and others 2003: A Study of Family

Learning Leads to Changing Approaches toInterpretation at Conner Prairie, ALHFAMProceedings:277-287.

Buchanan,R.Angus 2000: The origins of indus-trial archaeology, in Cossons, N.: Perspec-tives on Industrial Archeology : 8-38, London(Science Museum).

Bucur,Corneliu 993: Museum vivum Tagungs-berichte: 96-02.

Bucur,Corneliu 995: Romanian Millenary

Civilazation, in “Astra” Museum Sibiu.Sibiu.Buggeland,Tord-Ågotnes,Jakob 987: Maihau-

gen. De Sandvigske Samlinger 100 år. Oslo(J.W.Cappelens Forlag).

Buggeland,Tord 99: Farming as a part ofthe museum work at Maihaugen, Tagungs-berichte: 27-28.

Buzek,Ladislav-Langer,Jiří 976: Das vala-chische Freilichtmuseum. Ostrava.

Callender,Don W. Jr. 976/99: Reliving thePast: Experimental Archaeology in Pennsyl-vania. Archaeology , July 976, reprinted in Anderson 99:33-37.

Caramia,John A.Jr.2006: Living History, ALHFAM, and the Future of Historic Sites, ALHFAM Proceedings.

Carnegie,Ron 2000: Playing the Game: Teach-ing First-Person Interpreters to Help VisitorsGet the Information They Seek, ALHFAMProceedings :75-78.

Carson,Cary 98/99: Living Museums ofEveryman’s History, Harvard Magazine , July-August 98:22-32, reprinted in Ander-son 99:25-3.

Carson,Cary 994: Lost in the Fun House: A Commentary on Antropologists’ FirstContact with History Museums,The Journalof American History , June:37-50.

Carson,Cary 995: Mirror, Mirror, on the Wall, Whose History Is the Fairest of Them All?The Public Historian, Vol. 7, No.4:6-67.

Carson,Cary 998: Colonial Williamsburgand the Practise of Interpretive Planningin American History Museums, The PublicHistorian, Vol.20, No 3:-5.

Carson,Cary (ed.) 2002: Becoming Americans:Our Struggle to be both Free and Equal. A Planof Thematic Interpretation. Teaching Historyat Colonial Williamsburg. Williamsburg.

Carstensen,Jan 999: Historic ecology and a

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new environmental awareness, Tagungs-berichte :69-78.

Carstensen,Jan 2004: Die Grösseren Freili-chtmuseen in Deutschland 2004. EineUmfrage, Museums Mitteilungen Rheinland-Pfalz 2002/2003:27-39.

Celander,Lisbet-Hermansson,Lottie 998:

Blommors poesi. Från Fredriksdals herrgård.Höganäs.Ceuster,Paul de 997: Political culture versus

museum culture,Tagungsberichte: 82-87.Chew,Nigel 2003: A child’s eye view, Tagungs-

berichte: 7-90.Chodakiwski,Mikola 997: Von der Vergangen-

heit in die Zukunft/From Past to Present, Tagungsberichte :64-70.

Christensen,Arne Lie 2003: Landskapet imuseene – museet i landskapet, in Amund-sen-Rogan-Stang 2003: 95-6.

Claesson,Anna Maria 2005: Till de dödas förs-var, in Svensson, Birgitta (red.): Föremål för

forskning. Stockholm (Nordiska museet):74-

78.Clark,Henry 2000: Using Magic LanternShows To Make Your Site Seem As ThoughIt Has More Staff Than It Actually Does,

ALHFAM Proceedings : 46-55.Clawson,Marion 965: Living Historical Farms.

A Proposal for Action. Agricultural History No.39, April 965. Berkeley.

Cleaver,Joanne 988: Doing Childrens’ Muse-ums. Charlotte, Vermont.

Clemetsen,Morten 996: Landskapsplan for Maihaugen, Norges Lantbrugshøyskole.

Coleman,Ann 2000: The Story of FortressLouisburg, ALHFAM Proceedings : 4

Conn,Steven 998: Museums and AmericanIntellectual Life, 1876-1926, University ofChicago Press.

Conrad,Kurt 990: 00 Jahre nach Skansen;ein europäisches Freilichtmuseum in Mittel-Europa,Tagungsberichte : 08-.

Cossons,Neil 979: Ironbridge – The FirstTen Years, Industrial Archaeology Review:79-86.

Cossons,Neil 980: The museum in the valley.Ironbridge Gorge, Museum, Vol. XXXII,No. 3:38-53.

Craig,Tracey Linton 983 /99: Retreat intoHistory, in History News, Vol.38, June 983,reprinted in Anderson 99:42-49.

Cseri,Miklós 999: Historic Structures in theHungarian Open Air Museum in Szenten-dre, Tagungsberichte: 06-0.

Curman,Sigurd 933: Artur Hazelius. Etthundraårsminne. Ord och Bild: 589-599.

Curtin,Kathleen 2000: I Know It When I SeeIt: Effective Orientation to First PersonProgramming at Plimoth Plantation.

ALHFAM Proceedings :68-72.Czajkowski,Jerzy 976: Die didaktisch erzier-

ische Rolle der Freilichtmuseen, Tagungs-berichte: 80-83.

Czajkowski,Jerzy 980: Actual State of Erection

Work in Open Air Museums in Poland, ActaScansenologica :46-59.

Czajkowski,Jerzy (ed.) 98: Open-Air Museumsin Poland. Poznan.

Czajkowski,Jerzy 982: Skansen Museology inSocialistic Countries in the Years 945-982, Tagungsberichte: 8-22.

Czajkowski,Jerzy 984: Muzea na wolnym powi-etrzu w Europie. Historia-Dzién Dzisiejszy– Perspektywy, Rzeszów-Sanok .

Czajkowski,Jerzy 986: Muzeum BudownictwaLudowego w Sanuko. Park Etnograficzny.Sanok.

Czajkowski,Jerzy 999: The Ethnographic Parkin Sanok. Museum Guide. Sanok.

Czajkowski,Jerzy 2004: Muzeum Budown-ictwa Ludowego w Sanoku z perspektywy45 lat/ The Folk Architecture Museum inSanok from a 45-year Perspective, Materialy

Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku 36, Sanok.

Dauskardt,Michael 2002: Das Prinzip derproduktorientierenten Vorführung imwestfälischen Freilichtmuseum Hagen, in Working Session of the Association of Euro-

pean Open Air Museums , Muzej “Staro Selo”,Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002.

Davydov,Alexandr N.982: Cultural Ecologyof Etnos and Open Air Museum, Tagungs-berichte 1982:84-87.

Davydov,A.N. 984: Das System der Freilich-tmuseen in der UdSSR, Tagungsberichte:244-266

Dawydow,Aleksander N, 985: MuzeumLudowego Budownictwa w Archangielsku,

Acta Scansenologica 3: 89-20.

Davydov,Alexander N. 2005: Open Air Museumas an Ambassador of Local Communities,Tagungsberichte .

Deetz,James 969/99: The Reality of thePilgrim Fathers, Natural History 56, No.6,November 969:32-44; reprinted in Ander-son 99:0-09.

Deetz,James 97/99: The Changing Histori-cal House Museum: Can It Live? HistoricPreservation, Jan-March 97:5-54; reprintedin Anderson 99:5-7.

Deetz,James 980 /99: A Sense of Another World: History Museums and CulturalChange, History News 59, May-June 980:40-45; reprinted in Anderson 99:9-23.

Deetz,James 98/99: The Link fromObject to Person to Concept, in Museums, Adults, and the Humanities, WashingtonD.C.(AAM) 98:24-34; reprinted in Ander-son 99:206-22.

Deetz,James-Deetz,Patricia Scott 2000:The Time of Their Lifes. Life, Love andDeath in Plymouth Colony. New York(W.H.Freeman).

Dethlefsen,Dr.(Richard ) 93: Führer durch dasOstpreussische Heimatmuseum. Königsberg.

Dickerman,Marion 965: The Three Founders.

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53

Mystic (The Marine Historical AssociationInc).

Doak,Richard 979: His goal: A Midwest show-case. Des Moines Tribune, October 2.

Drake,Knut’978: A Short Talk: Open AirMuseums and the Preservation of Monu-ments, Tagungsberichte 978:65-68.

Drake,Knut 995: Forntid, nutid, framtid. Åbostads historiska museum – Åbo landskapsmu-seum 1881-1981 . Åbo landskapsmuseum.

Ekström,Anders 994: Den utställda världen.Stockholmsutställningen 1897 och 1800-taletsvärldsutställningar. Stockholm (Nordiskamuseet).

Elder,Betty Doak 979: Behind the Scenes atLiving History Farms, History News :33-349

Elfström,Gunnar 99: Town quarters in openair museums,Tagungsberichte 99:84-93.

Elfström,Gunnar 995: Criticism against OldLinköping in the 960s. Tagungsberichte:

62-69.Elfström,Gunnar 996: En bok om GamlaLinköping. Linköping .

Elfström,Gunnar 997: See the people/EinBlick auf die Menschen, Tagungsberichte:60-68.

Elle,Vunder 988: Über estnische Freilichtmu-seen, Tagungsberichte: 5-55.

Ellenius,Allan & Wonders,Karen 99: Verkligeller blott målad. Tvärsnitt -2: 20-29.

Engen,Arnfinn 2004: Samlaren Anders Sandvig .Oslo (Det norske samlaget).

Ernst,Eugen 988: Aussereuropäische, insbeson-dere US-amerikanische Freilichtmuseen,Tagungsberichte: 83-9.

Eurwyn,William 988: The concept of changein history:Recent developments at the WelshFolk Museum, Cardiff , Tagungsberichte: 48-50.

Evans,Michael 99: Historical interpretationat Sovereign Hill, Australian Historical Stud-ies : 42-52.

Evans,Michelle&Heiwig,Douglas 999:Development of the Underground Rail-road Program at Conner Prairie, ALHFAMProceedings.

Evans,Michelle&Heiwig,Douglas 2000: Followthe North Star: An Update, ALHFAMProceedings: 25-28.

Faber,Michael 983: Das Freilichtmuseum alsLernort. 25 Jahre Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum Kommern, Köln:66-73.

Faber,Michael H. 998: Larger events – “TheFunfair of yesteryear”, Interpretation in Open Air Museums. Transcripts from the trainingseminar 24-26 June 998:48-57. VerbandEuropäischer Freilichtmuseen. Singleton.

Festin,Eric 96: Från nabolandet i väster (Uranteckningar från en studieresa i Norge96 ), Jämten: 94-0.

Festin,Eric 928: Jämtslöjd-Heimbygda 20 år.En återblick . Jämten: 3-.

Filippova,A.A. 2004: Vitoslavlicy. Novgorodskij Muzej narodnogo derevjannogo zodcestva. Moscow.

Floris,Lene 994: Frilandsmuseets Skolestue.Museumspaedagogik og formidling gennem30 år. Dansk Tidskrift for Museumsformidling 4:69-80.

Foçsa,Gheorghe 959/962: The Village Museumin Bucharest . Bucharest 959, new ed.962.Foçsa,Gheorghe 972: Das Museum des Dorfes

Bucaresti . Bucaresti.Ford,Henry 922: My Life and Work . London.

Ford,Henry 926: Today and Tomorrow. London.

Ford,Henry 93: Moving Forward. London.Fornvårdskommittén 922: Kulturhistoriska

föreningar och samlingar. Särtryck ur Kungl.Fornvårdskommitténs betänkande. Stock-holm.

Forsslund,Karl-Erik 900: Storgården. En bokom ett hem. Stockholm.

Forsslund,Karl-Erik 94: Hembygdsvård.Stockholm.Fortier,John 978/99: Thoughts on the Re-

creation and Interpretation of HistoricalEnvironments, in Schedule and Papers ofthe Third International Congress of Mari-time Museums , 978, reprinted in Anderson99:8-24.

Fortier,John 98/99: Louisburg. Managing aMoment in Time, in Anderson 99:35-45.

Fosdick,Raymond B.956: John D.Rockefeller, Jr. A Portrait. New York.

Freas,Dan 2000: Orientation to First-PersonInterpretation: A Three-Part Approach.

ALHFAM Proceedings :73-74.

Freier,Ute und Peter 2000: Freilichtmuseenin Deutschland und seine Nachbarländern.München.

Gailey,Alan 990: Cultural Identity and theOpen-air Museum: The Challenge ofCultural Change, Tagungsberichte: 2-30.

Gailey,Alan 992: Conflict-resolution in North-ern Ireland: the role of the folk museum.

Museum (UNESCO) No.75:65-69.Gailey,Alan 2000: Domesticating the Past: The

Development of Open-Air Museums, FolkLife Vol.38, 999-2000:7-2.

Gammersvik,Ågot 2004: Maihaugen 00 år, Maihaugen Årbok : 27-220.

Gammon,Billie & Richards,Glenda 978:Rural Reflections. A Living History Program

At Norlands. Livermore.Gammon,Mrs.Alfred 98: Norlands Adult Live

In. Livermore.Gammon,Mrs.Alfred (no date): Norlands

Schoolhouse . Livermore.Garnier,Charles-Ammann A. 892: L’Habitation

humaine. Paris.Geijerstam,Gustaf af 892: Hur tankarna

komma och gå. Intryck från Skansen, Ord& Bild :8-27.

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George,Alberta Sebolt 990: Managing for theFuture, ALHFAM Proceedings :24-27.

George,Alberta Sebolt 996: President’smessage, in McCallum 996:7-8.

Gerits,Jan 992: Denkend aan dr.Jozef Weyns,Heemkunde in Vlaanderen:huldeboek dr JozefWeyns. Winksele (Boek en Vorm): 9-5.

Gjestrum,John Aage, 200: ”Museumsmaendog deres skidne töi“, Nordisk museologi , -2:2-32.

Gooch,Pernille 200: Experimentell agrarhisto-ria på Kulturens Östarp, Kulturen:20-33.

Goodacre,Beth–Baldwin,Gavin 2002: Livingthe Past. Reconstruction, Recreation , Reenact-ment and Education at Museums and Histori-cal Sites . London (Middlesex UniversityPress).

Goodwin,Rutherford, 94: A Brief & TrueReport Concerning Williamsburg in Virginia:Being an Account of the most importantOccurrences in that Place from its firstBeginning to the present Time . 3rd edition,

Williamsburg .Goodwin,W.A.R. 937: The Restoration ofColonial Williamsburg, The NationalGeographic Magazine, April:402-443.

Gormsen,Gudrun 989: Living Historical Actualities at the Open-Air Museum atHjerl Hede, ALHFAM Proceedings .

Gradmann,Eugen 90: Heimatschutz undLandschaftspflege . Stuttgart.

Gram,Magdalena 2005: Nordiska museetsmärke, in Svensson, Birgitta (red.):Föremål för forskning . Stockholm (Nordiskamuseet):22-34.

Grandien,Bo 99: Grogrunden. Tiden före89, in Skansen under hundra år, 99:9-

32.Graur,Tiberiu 99: Ethnographic museum of

Transylvania and the ethnographic nationalpark – a hope for the future of our forgottenpast, Tagungsberichte 99:5-7.

Greenleaf,William 964: From these begin-nings. The early Philantropies of Henry andEdsel Ford,1911-1936. Detroit (Wayne StateUniversity Press).

Greenspan,Anders 2002: Creating ColonialWilliamsburg . Washington (Smithsonian Institution).

Gretschel,Matthias–Ortwin,Pelc 998: Hagen-beck, Tiere, Menschen, Illusionen. Hamburg.

Grimm,Birgit 997: Wilhelm II och Norge, inSkandinavien och Tyskland 800-94. Berlin(Jovis Verlagsbüro/Nationalmuseum): 00-2.

GSchwend, Max 998: Geschichte undGeschichten, in Ballenberg Jahrbuch 998:28-45.

Gushchin,Boris A.&Viola A.Gushchina 992:Everyone needs Kizhi!, Museum (UNESCO),No 75:70-73.

Gustafsson,Gotthard 953: Skansens handbok ivården av gamla byggnader. Stockholm.

Gustavsson,Karin 997: Gisela Trapp, KringKärnan: 43-63

Gynnild,Svein 993: Vern og visjon. Røros ogTrøndelag Folkemuseum. Bakgrunn, formål ogutvikling. Hovedoppgave i historie, Univer-sitetet i Trondheim.

Haan,David de 996: Ironbridge – fromMuseum to World Heritage Site, Nordisk

museologi : 2:4-50.Haarstad,Kjell 986: Den lokalhistoriskebevegelsen i Norge, bakgrunn og oppkomst.Heimen 2:42-49.

Haffner,Susanne 997: Freizeitparks. Düsself-dorf.

Hähnel,Joachim 983: Das Rheinische Freilich-tmuseum – Planung und Aufbau, 25 Jahre Rheinisches Freilichtmuseum Kommern,Köln:25-78.

Hallström,Gunnar 905: Vid Gunnar Hazelius’dödsläger. Ord & Bild :27-29.

Hamilton,J.G. de Roulhac 93: The FordMuseum. The American Historical Review ,Vol. XXXVI, Nr 4, July 93:772-775.

Hammarlund-Larsson,Cecilia 2004: “I dennatid af slapp nationalkänsla”. Om ArturHazelius, vetenskapen och nationen, iHammarlund-Larsson et al, Samhällsidealoch framtidsbilder.Perspektiv på Nordiskamuseets dokumentation och forskning : -66.Stockholm (Carlssons).

Hammarstedt,Nils Edvard 902: ArturHazelius, Nornan, Svensk kalender : -3.

Hamp,Steven K. 2006: The Value Exchange:Museums and Their Context, Curatorvol.49, no.:25-54.

Handler,Richard-Gable,Eric 997: The NewHistory in an Old Museum: Creating thePast at Colonial Williamsburg. Durham NC

(Duke University Press).Hardin,Wes (ed) 999: An American Invention:

The Story of Henry Ford Museum and Green- field Village. Ed. by Wes Hardin, WilliamS.Pretzer, Susan M.Steele. Dearborn.

Harris,R.(ed) 987: Weald & Downland Open Air Museum. Guidebook. Singleton.

Harris,Richard 990: The Bayleaf MedievalFarmstead. The Reseach. A Road to Discov-ery. Singleton.

Harris,Richard 997: A True Cottage. Weald &Downland Magazine , Vol.8, No 7.

Harris,Richard 998: Buildings as technicalentities. Interpretation in Open Air Museums. Transcripts from the training seminar 24-26 June 998. Singleton:-0.

Hawes,Edward L. 976/99: The LivingHistorical Farm in North America: NewDirections in Research and Interpretation,in AHLFAM Annual 976, reprinted in Anderson 99:79 – 97.

Hawes,Edward L.984: New directions in theagriculture and rural-life museums in theU.K., Museum (ICOM), No.43:38-45.

Hawes.Edward L.–Koulouris,Helen D.992: After the Fall, Museum News , May-June:5-55,77-78.

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Hawes,Edward L.994: Icons, Museum Eyes,and Other Realities: Rural Life as Repre-sented in National Museums in Germany,England, and Denmark, ALHFAM Proceed-ings :9-20.

Hawes,Edward L. 2000: Central Europe’sOpen Air Museums: Between Myths and

Realities. ALHFAM Proceedings:29-34.Hazelius,Artur 873: Några anvisningar vidsamlandet av folkdrägter och bohag mm. Skandinavisk Etnografisk Samling i hufvuds-taden. Stockholm.

Hazelius,Artur 900: Ur Nordiska museets histo-ria. Nordiska museets tjugofemårsminne 1873-1898. Stockholm:-55.

Hazelius,Artur (utg) 90: Sommarbilder frånSkansen. Stockholm.

Hazelius,Artur (utg) (no date): Bilder frånSkansen. Skildringar af svensk natur ochsvenskt folklif. Stockholm.

Hazelius,Gunnar 906:Om patriotism. Ord &Bild :49-54.

Heckscher,Eli F. 937: Tre generationer. Johan August – Artur – Gunnar Hazelius. Ord ochBild ::9- 27.

Hegard,Tonte 984: Romantikk og fortidsvern.Oslo.

Hegard,Tonte 994A: Hans Aall – mannen,visjonen og verket. Oslo (Norsk Folkemu-seum).

Hegard,Tonte 994B: Museet i parken.Bygdøy, Drømmen om Arkadia , Byminne rnr 2/3:00-29.

Heidrich, Hermann 2005: Freilichtmuseen imSpannungsfeld von Wissenschaft, Kommer-zialisierung und Freizeitkultur, Tagungs-berichte .

Heikel,Axel O. 92: Friluftsmuseet på Fölisön.Finskt museum XIX:-9, 78-82.

Hein,Hilde 990: the exploratorium. The Museum as Laboratory, Washington andLondon (Smithsonian Institution Press).

Hellbom,Thorleif 99: Fred, vardagslivoch museistrid, Skansen under hundraår,99:39-78.

Hellman,Bo 962: Museer, hembygdsrörelseoch kulturminnesvård, i Västernorrland. Ettsekel 1862-1962. Härnösand:48-73.

Hellman,Theodor 98: Föreningen förnorrländsk hembygdsforskning. Dessuppkomst, arbete och uppgifter, Arkiv förnorrländsk hembygdsforskning:3-5.

Hesselgren, A. 897: Utställningen i Stockholm1897. Beskrifning i ord och bild . Stockholm.

Hillström,Magdalena 2006: Ansvaret för kultur-arvet. Studier i det kulturhistoriska museets

formering med särskild inriktning på Nord-iska museets etablering 1872-1919. LinköpingStudies in Arts and Science No. 363.

Hirschfeld,Christian 990: Theorie derGartenkunst. In Ausz. Vorgestellt, herausg.F. Ehmke. Stuttgart.

hjemme best. Maihaugen Årbok 998.Hjerl Hansen,Finn 980: Hjerl Hede. Frednin-

gen og frilandsmuseet ved Flyndersø. Køben-havn.

Hoffman,Marta 980: On the History of theNorsk Folkemuseum. Tagungsberichte:97-08.

Hofren,E-Hvarfner,H-Rentzhog,S-Zachrisson,S. 970: 70-talets museum.

Stockholm.Holm,Peter 927: ”Den gamle bys historie”,Købstadmuseet Den gamle by Årbog: 5-28.

Holm,Peter 933: Den gamle by i Aarhus.Tidskrift för hembygdsvård: 96-0.

Holm,Peter 95: ”Den gamle By” i Aarhus. DensGrundlaeggelse og Udvikling fra Borgmester-

gaard til Købstadmuseum 1909-1945. Århus.Holm,Peter 972: Peter Holm 1873-1973. Købs-

tadmuseet “Den Gamle By” Årbog .Holmgren,Ann Margret 928: Artur Hazelius,

Nordiska museets skapare. Verdandissmåskrifter nr 32. Stockholm.

Holst, (Christian) 886: Fjerde beretning omBygdø Kongsgaard . Christiania.

Horton,James O. 2000: Controversies andRepresentations at Historic Sites Present-ing Slavery; The Perils of Telling America’sRacial History. ALHFAM Proceedings :3-26.

Hosar,Kåre 996: Hjemmet på museum.Hjeminredning på Maihaugen i et historiskperspektiv, in E.Johnsen, M.Bing, L.H.Boe(red.), Menneske og boligmiljø,KULTs skrift-serie nr.69, Oslo.

Hosmer,Charles B.Jr. 965: The Presence of thePast. A History of the Preservation Movementin the United States before Williamsburg. New York.

Hosmer,Charles B.Jr. 98: Preservation Comesof Age. From Williamsburg to the NationalTrust,1926-1949. New York .

Hudson,Kenneth 987: Museums of Influence .Cambridge University Press.

Hughes,Robert 988: The Fatal Shore , New York (Knopf) 986.

Hurt,R.Douglas 980/99: Agricultural Muse-ums: A New Frontier for the Social Sciences,in History Teacher 1980, reprinted in Ander-son 99:63–68.

Hvarfner, Harald 966: Norrbottens museum.Försöksmuseum, Luleå (stencil).

Indáns,Juris 99: Lettland – das Freilichtmu-seum und der Nationalismus, Tagungs-berichte: 0-2

Indáns,Juris 997: Freilichtmuseum und Zeit/The Open Air Museum and Time, Tagungs-berichte : 50-63

Jacobsen,Gaute 2004:[email protected] . Maihaugen

Årbok :57-65. Jämten 986, red. Sten Rentzhog (Temaårgång

om länsmuseets och hembygdsrörelsenshistoria i Jämtlands län). Östersund.

Jamtli Historieland 1999. Kulturellt utvecklings-

OAM_Book.indb 515 2007-02-05 16:08:40


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centrum. Turistiskt nyckelprojekt . Förslag från Jamtliutredningen. Östersund.

Janisch,Peter, 995: Religion in Daily Life in theOpen-Air Museum – The Example of theHessenpark Open-Air Museum, Tagungs-berichte :44-5.

Järvelä-Hynunen,Raija 992: Seurasaari. The

Open-Air Museum in Pictures . Vammala(The National Board of Antiquities). Jensen,Chr.Axel 972: Peter Holm som muse-

umsmand og ven, Købstadmuseet “DenGamle By” Årbog: 83-93.

Jensen,Inger 2004: Friluftsmuseet – fortidsro-mantikk eller samtidsrealisme? Samtida inni friluftsmuseet. Museum i friluft. By og Bygd XXXVIII: 56-75.

Jensen,Niels Erik 200: Frilandsmuseetsbygninger. Nyt fra Nationalmuseet , Nr9:8-2.

Jeppesen,Torben Grongaard 989: FunenVillage Open-Air Museum, ALHFAMProceedings :38-40.

Johannisson,Bengt 2005: Entreprenörskapetsväsen. Lund (Studentlitteratur). Jong,Adriaan de 988: Vom Traditioneller

Leben zur Alltagsgeschichte,Tagungsberichte :20-25.

Jong,Adraan de 989: The Netherlands Open- Air Museum. ICOM Express, Saturday,September 2, 989.

Jong,Adriaan de 993: Presenting commu-nity life in open air museums: Exhibitionor Performance? Tagungsberichte 993:6–66.

Jong,Adriaan de 995: The Open-air Museumas a Pilgrimage Site? Tagungsberichte :6-68.

Jong,Adriaan de 996: Objects, Representationand the Message. New trends in open airmuseums. Contribution to the conferenceof Swedish Open Air Museums (stencil).

Jong,Adriaan de 997A: You are lucky, thefarmer has just returned! The role of theopen air museum in interpreting life ofindividuals as opposed to the history ofarchitecture,Tagungsberichte: 80-88.

Jong,Adriaan de 997B: Approaches andConcepts. Museological, in Oliver, Paul(ed.): Vernacular Architecture of the World ,Vol.. Cambridge University Press:49-52.

Jong,Ad de 200A: De dirigenten van de herin-nering. Musealisering en nationalisering vande volkscultuur in Nederland. Nijmegen.(German edition see de Jong 2006).

Jong,Adriaan de 200B: Hazelius revisited?Survival of a 9th century idea in the 2stcentury, Tagungsberichte :69-72.

Jong,Ad de 2006: Die Dirigenten der Erin-nerung. Musealisierung und Nationalisierungder Volkskultur in den Niederlanden zwischen1815 und 1940. Münster (Waxmann).

Jong,Adrian de & Skougaard,Mette 992: Earlyopen-air museums:traditions of museumsabout traditions, Museum (UNESCO) no.3: 5-57.

Jong,Adrian de & Skougaard,Mette 993:The Hindelopen and the Amager Rooms.

Journal of the History of Collections 5, no.2:65–78.

Jontz,Polly 99: Balancing education andentertainment in U.S. open-air museums,Tagungsberichte : 28-32.

Jørgensen,Karsten 2004: To hundre års inter-nasjonal innflytelse på norsk landskap-sarkitektur. Byggekunst, sept. 2004:35-43.

Kamphausen,Alfred 975: Viele Dächer untereinem. Zur Geschichte des Schleswig-Holstei-nischen Freilichtmuseums. Neumünster.

Kamphausen,Alfred 989: Das Schleswig-Holsteinische Freilichtmuseum. Neumün-ster.

Karlin,Georg J:son 898: Museumssystem.Kulturhistoriska meddelanden 1897-98 häfte:3-6.

Karlin,Georg J:son 908: Kulturhistoriskamuseet i Lund 1882-1907. Lund.

Karlin,Georg J:son 924: Kulturhistoriskamuseets Östarp. Dess natur, historia ochändamål. Fästskrift vid invigningen den 2aug. 1924. Lund.

Karlin,Georg J:son932: Kulturhistorisk föreningoch museum i Lund 1882-1932. Malmö.

Karlin,G. J:son 934: Mitt sista år på ”Kulturen”. Lund.

Keim,Helmut 986: Freilichtmuseum desBezirks Oberbayern an der Glentleiten–Museumsarbeit im Umbruch. Acta Scanse-nologica 4:07-5.

Keim, Helmut 2005: Historische Kultur-landschaft als Museumsexponat, Tagungs-berichte.

Kelsey,Darwin P. (ed ) 972: Farming in the NewNation. Interpreting American Agriculture1790-1840. Washington (The AgriculturalHistory Society).

Kelsey,Darwin P. 975/99: Historical Farmsas Models of the Past, ALHFAM Proceedings 975, reprinted in Anderson 99:73-78.

Kelsey,Darwin P. 976/99: Harvests ofHistory, Historic Preservation 28, 976,reprinted in Anderson 99:69–72.

Kemp,John 990: World View And The Inter-preter, ALHFAM Proceedings :68-72.

Kempers,A.J.Bernet 973: Het begon in Bokr-ijk. Volkskunde LXXIV:20-208.

Kempers,A.J.Bernet 983: Der Verbandeuropäischer Freilichtmuseen und

A.Zippelius. Rheinisch-westfälische Zeitschrift für Volkskunde, Band XXVIII, Bonn undMünster:-20.

Keyzer,Laurens de 200:The Open-Air MuseumBokrijk . Bruges (Ludion Guides).

Kjaer,Birgitte 984: Et museum bliver til, Den gamle by Årbog : 9-32.

Kjerström Sjölin,Eva 200: »…livet har såledesicke upphört, det fortgår…«, Kulturen:64-77.

Klein,Ernst 930: Nordiska museet – svenska

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folkets egendom. Ett femtioårsminne. Nord-isk tidskrift :8-03

Klein,Janine 997: Vang stavkirke reiser til Berlin,in Skandinavien och Tyskland 1800-1914:8-85, Berlin (Jovis Verlagsbüro/National-museum).

Klem,Knud 972: Peter Holm og danske

museer. Købstadmuseet ”Den Gamle By” Årbog : 73-82.Kley,Ron 976: Norlands: A Case Study of

Small-Scale Funding for a Living HistoryOperation, ALHFAM Proceedings :20-24.

Klueting,Edeltraud (Hrsg.) 99: Antimodernis-mus und Reform. Beiträge zur Geschichte derdeutschen Heimatbewegung . Darmstadt.

Knudson,Douglas M – Cable,Ted T –Beck,Larry 999: Interpretation of Culturaland Natural Resources. State College, PA(Venture Publishing Inc).

Koenig,Wilhelm, 898: Ein eigenartiges Museum für Natur- und Völkerkunde.Stockholm 898.(Särtryck ur Illustrierten Familien-Zeitschrift

Universum, XIII Jahrgang, Heft 2. Leipzig 896,897 ).Kopper,Philip 986: Colonial Williamsburg .

New York (Harry N.Abrams.Inc.).Kos, Anton 2002: Demonstration of Tradi-

tional Crafts in Open Air Museums: aMean (or Way) to Pass on Knowledge, in Working Session of the Association of Euro-

pean Open Air Museums, Muzej “Staro Salo”,Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002.

Kufel,Tadeusz 999: Muzeum BudownictwaLudowego Park Etnografisczny/Freilichtmu-seum Ethnografischer Park in Olsztynek .Olsztynek.

Kulik,Gary 989: Designing the Past: History-

Museum Exhibitions from Peale to thePresent, in Leon- Rosenzweig 989:3-37.

Kulturen runt. Lund 977.Kuplais,Martins 997: Estland, Lettland, Lita

uen,Tagungsberichte :38-48.

Laenen,Mark 974: Über einige Aspekte deredukativen Arbeit im Flämischen Freilich-tmuseum Bokrijk, Tagungsberichte :49-52.

Laenen,Mark 976: Einige grundsätzlicheBemerkungen zu den edukativen Aufgabenund Möglichkeiten der Freilichtmuseen,Tagungsberichte :84-92.

Laenen,Mark 982: Open Air Museums andSociety, Tagungsberichte :45-5.

Laenen,Mark 989: Provincial Open-Air Museum Bokrijk. Guide. Brussels.

Laenen,Mark 99: Open-air museums andarchitecture, Tagungsberichte : 33-5.

Lagercrantz,Bo 99: Nordiska museet,Skansen och hembygdsrörelsen, Skansenunder hundra år : 77-96.

Lang,Merike 995: Estnisches Freilichtmuseumals eine Wiederspiegelung der Geschichteund der volkstümlichen Baukunst Estlands.

Acta Scansenologica 7 :27-43.Lang,Merike (no date): The Estonian Open-Air

Museum, Tallin.

Langer,Jiří 986: Działność muzeum na wolnympowietrzu w Rožnovie pod Radhoštem. ActaScansenologica 4:53-70.

Langer,Jîrí 2005: Evropská muzea v přírodě .Baset (Atlas Primátek).

Larkin,Jack 996: A Great Picture of Society,inMc Callum 996: 9-.

Larkin,Jack-Ashton,Mark 996: Celebrating50 years of History. Old Sturbridge Visitor ,Spring 996:4- 6; Summer 996:6-7.

Larkin,Jack-Sloat,Caroline 983: The FourSeasons at Old Sturbridge Village, A Guide-book . Old Sturbridge.

Laszlo,Maggie, 984: The Village of Villages.European Museum of the Year Award 1984.Zuiderzeemuseum.

LeBreton,Clarence, 2003: Yesterday in Acadia.Scenes from the Village Historique Acadien.Quebéc (Les Éditions Faye).

Ledin,Gunnel 994: Erik Fundin 1843-1932,skapare av Härjedalens Fornminnesförening.Funäsdalen.

Leduc,Norbert 983: Zur Geschichte desRheinischen Freilichtmuseums, in 25 JahreRheinisches Freilichtmuseum Kommern, Köln983:2-24.

Leinhardt,Gaea-Crowley,Kevin–Knutson,Karen 2002: Learning Conversa-tions in Museums. London & New Jersey(Laurence Erlbaum).

Leon,Warren–Piatt,Margaret 989: Living-History Museums, in Leon-Rosenzweig: History Museums in the United States : 64-97.

Leon,Warren-Rosenzweig,Roy (ed) 989: History Museums in the United States: ACritical Assessment. Urbana (University of

Illinois Press).Leone,Mark 98/99: The Relationships

Between Artifacts and the Public in OutdoorHistory Museums, New York Academy ofScience Annals :30-33, reprinted in Ander-son 99:75-83.

Leslie,Kim 990: Weald & Downland Open Air Museum. The Founding Years 1965-1970. Weald & Downland, Singleton.

Lewis,Peter 996: Oblandat tvivel och inreglädje. Museet som makt och motstånd. Fest-skrift till Erik Hofrén, Norrköping:33-40.

Lewis,Peter 997: The sense of the past.Going too far or not far enough? Tagungs-berichte :46-59

Lewis,Peter 200: What did Confucius know ofdinosaurs? Tagungsberichte : 266-268.

Lignell,Carl 94: Fornvallen Jamtli. En korthistoria om dess tvååriga tillvaro, Jämten:37-67.

Lindberg,Ernst Folke 957: Gunnar Hazeliusoch Nordiska museets installationsfråga, Rig:65-5 (Eng. summary).

Lindblom,Andreas 930: Tal vid Nordiskamuseets 50-årsjubileum, Fataburen:60-67.

Lindblom,Andreas (utg) 933: En bok omSkansen, till hundraårsminnet av ArturHazelius födelse. Stockholm.

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58

Lindblom,Andreas 934: Hazeliusjubileet,Fataburen:7-27.

Lindblom,Andreas 949: Nordiska museet 75år, Fataburen:7-8.

Lindblom,Andreas 952: De gyllene åren. Stock-holm.

Lindblom,Andreas 954: Utsikt från Skansen.

Stockholm.Linder,Gurli 898: Nordiska museet 25 år, Idun 28.0.898 (omtryckt i Nordiska museets tjugofemårsminne 1873-1898 , Stockholm900:33-37).

Linder,Gurli 98: Sällskapsliv i Stockholm under1880- och 1890-talen. Stockholm.

Lindqvist,Gunnar 97: Hembygdsrörelseni Jönköpings län, Småländska kulturbilder :20-33.

Lindström,Märta 982: Konstindustrianstaltenoch lotteriet. Kulturen:49-62

Linsley,Stafford M. 2000: Industrial archae-ology in the North East of England,852-900, Perspectives on Industrial Archeology ,

ed. N.Cossons, London 2000 (ScienceMuseum):5- 38.Living History. Open Air Museum for the North

of England. Barnard Castle (968).Longsworth,Charles R.98: Communicating

the Past to the Present. Report on The Colo-nial Williamsburg Foundation 1980 and 1981 . Williamsburg.

Lovric,Branka Sprem 2003: Craft demonstra-tions in Open Air Museums: Fiction Versus Authenticity, Tagungsberichte :56-64.

Lowenthal,David 966/99: The American Way of History,Columbia University Forum 9, No. 3:27- 32; reprinted In Anderson99:57-62.

Lowenthal,David 985: The Past is a ForeignCountry. Cambridge University Press.

Lowenthal,David 990: The Dying Future– The Living past? ALHFAM Proceedings :3-.

Lundström,Catarina, 2005A: Fruars makt ochomakt. Kön, klass och kulturarv 1900-1940.Umeå.

Lundström,Catarina, 2005 B: Den hemvävdahistorien. Kulturarv och Histori ebruk. Forn-vårdaren 28. Östersund:0-5.

MacDonald,George F.& Alsford,Stephen 989: A museum for the global village. Hull.

Maclean,Terry 998: The Making of PublicHistory: A Comparative Study of Skansen,Colonial Williamsburg..and the Fortressof Louisburg, Material History Review 47(Spring 998):2-32.

Maihaugen 2004: Maihaugen 00 år – evigung. Maihaugen Årbok 2004.

Maincheva,Anna 992: Almighty time. Museum(UNESCO) No.75.

Maráky,Peter 990: Die Mitwirkendertypenund ihre Kulturaktivitäten in den regionalenFreilichtmuseen in der Slowakei, Tagungs-berichte :94-99.

Maráky,Peter (ed.) 994: Open Air Museums inSlovakia . Bratislava.

Marciniak,Maria Jolanta 986: Zieleń w ParkuEtnograficznym Muzeum BudownictwaLudowego w Sanoku – metody, badań,upraw, ochrony/Greenery in the Ethno-graphical Park of the Museum of F Folk

Building in Sanok. Acta Scansenologica 4:20-22.Marschall,Birgit 99: Reisen und Regieren. Die

Nordlandfahrten Kaiser Wilhelms II. Heidel-berg.

Martinussen,Atle Ove 2004: Vidareføringav handlingsboren kunnskap. Maihaugen

Årbok 2004:9- 99.Mastromarino,Mark A.989:Interpreting Early

American Agricultural Fairs, ALHFAMProceedings :90- 95.

Matelic,Candace T.980: Through the Histori-cal Looking Glass. Museum News March/ April:35-45.

Matelic,Candace T.988: American open-air

museums. Types, work methods and tour-ism, Tagungsberichte: 79-82. Matelic,Candace T.99: Overview of the open-

air museum idea in America – summary ofdevelopmental trends and current issues,Tagungsberichte:22-24.

Mathisen,Kjell Marius 2004: Å bygge enby – Byen og Boligfeltet på Maihaugen.

Maihaugen Årbok ¨ 2004:3-55.Mattsson,Anders 970: Minnen. Jämten :7-

32.Maure,Marc 994: GHR – Georges Henri

Rivière og folkemuseets genesis i Frankrike,Nordisk museologi 2:2-3.

Maure,Marc 995: Dukker, gjenferd og

skuespillere – Bondekulturen iscenesatt av Artur Hazelius, Bernard Olsen og AndersSandvig. Dugnad :: 57-9.

Maure,Marc 2004: Bønder, ånder, dukker ogskuespillere i de første folkemuseene, Nord-isk museologi ::59-84.

McCallum,Kent 996: Old Sturbridge Village.New York.

Medelius,Hans 998A : Installationen, Nordiskamuseet under 125 år . Stockholm:26-53.

Medelius,Hans 998B: Nya satsningar ochframgångar. Nordiska museet under 125 år.Stockholm:32-343.

Meiners,Uwe (Hrsg) 997: 75 Jahre Heimatmu-seum-Museumsdorf-Niedersächsiches Freilich-tmuseum in Cloppenburg. Cloppenburg.

Meiners,Uwe 2005: „Der Spinne im Netz“.Das Freilichtmuseum als Partner regionalerBaudenkmal- und Kulturlandschaftspflege.Tagungsberichte.

Meyer,Niels 2005: To preserve heritage bykeeping up good trade and craftsmanship,Tagungsberichte 2005.

Michelsen,Peter 964: Nordamerikanskefriluftsmuseer, Budsticken :27-50.

Michelsen Peter 966: Afgraensningen fremefteri tid for museernas virksomhet. Friluftsmuse-

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ernas ställning i dagens samhälle. Symposiumpå Skansen 7-8 maj 966 (stencil).

Michelsen,Peter 972: Museerna og samtiden. København (Nationalmuseet).

Michelsen,Peter 973: Frilandsmuseet ved Sorgen- fri. Museets historie og gamle huse. National-museet (ny uppl. 984, tredje uppl.985).

English edition 973: Frilandsmuseet.TheDanish Museum Village at Sorgenfri. TheNational Museum of Denmark.

Michelsen,Peter 974: Einige allgemeineBemerkungen über die edukativen Aufga-ben und Möglichkeiten der Freilichtmuseen,Tagungsberichte :23

Michelsen,Peter 976: Vi en gård jer byggethar. Frilandsmuseet ved Sorgenfri 1901-1976 .København (Nationalmuseet).

Michelsen,Peter 990: Fortid på Friland.Hvordan et frilandsmuseum bliver til . Køben-havn (Frilandsmuseets venner og Greensforlag).

Midura,Franciszek 98: Skansen Museology in

Poland, in Czajkowski 98:32-55.Millrath,Sigrid 993: Tror fröken det klarnar?Sigrid Millraths minnen från Oscar II:s tid och

Artur Hazelius Skansen. Stockholm (Nord-iska museet).

Mork,Paul 998: Museer i Australia – ved femav dem. Museumsnytt 6: 6-7.

Mowat,Philip 2005: Retracing the Footsteps ofEmigrants. Recreating the movement andsettlement of Ulster immigrants in Americain an open air museum in Northern Ireland,Tagungsberichte.

Morris,Jane 2005: Nederlands Openluchtmu-seum. A breath of fresh air. Museum Practice25 , Winter 2005:24-29.

Moscardo,Gianna–Pearce,Philip L. 986:Historic Theme Parks. An Australian Expe-rience in Authenticity, Annals of TourismResearch, Vol.3:467-479.

Müller,Sophus 897: Museum og interiør, Till-skueren, september 897:683-700.

Murray,William G.97: The Martin FlynnFarm. From Public Land in 845 to LivingHistory Farms in 970. Annals of Iowa,Vol.40, No.7. Des Moines.

Murray,William G.975: Financing the LivingHistory Farms: A Personal Account,

ALHFAM Proceedings.Murray,William G.98: Making Friends for

Making Funds. ALHFAM Proceedings :59-63.

Murray,William G.983: The origin of “LivingHistory” idea. The Almanac Souvenir Edition.Living History Farms.

Murray,William G.987: Walking ThroughFarm History – an Update, ALHFAMProceedings:9-9.

Muzeul satului si de arta populara romania/ Village and folk art museum romania. MuzeulSatului 1936- 1986. Bucuresti 986.

Mygind,Finn 2005: Historien om Hjerl HedesFrilandsmuseum. Hjerl Hede.

Mystic Seaport. The First Fifty Years. Mystic,Conn. 980.

Näse,Li (red.)990: Ur Sagalunds gömmor ,Folkloristiska institutionen vid Åbo akademismåskrifter . Åbo.

Näse,Li (red.)2000: Sagalund, Min kostbara

leksak. Kimito (Sagalunds museum).Nicolaysen,Nicolay 885: Gols kirke paa Bygdø. Gols gamle stavkirke og Hovestuen paa BygdøKongsgaard . Christiania.

Nielsen,Yngvar 885: Hovestuen og Berdal-staburet paa Bygdø. Illustrationer til Hoves-tuen og Berdalstaburet paa Bygdø Kongsgaard.Christiania.

Noble,Ross, 998: Storytellers and museuminterpretation. Interpretation in Open Air Museums. Transcripts from the trainingseminar 24-26 June 998:3-36. VerbandEuropaischer Fr Freilichtmuseen. Single-ton.

Noble,Ross 200:We need to save more than

buildings. Tagungsberichte :05-09.Nordby,E.J. 980: Vesterheim OutdoorMuseum, Tagungsberichte :58-59.

Nordenson,Eva 99: Skansen during 00 years, Tagungsberichte : 50-55.

Nyrop-Christensen,Henrik 984: Peter Holmog hans museum. Den gamle by Årbog :33-68.

Nyström,Bengt 998: Att göra det förflutnalevande, Nordiska museet under 125 år,Stock-holm :52-87.

NYT fra Nationalmuseet nr.9, juni-juli-augusti200 (Temanummer om Frilandsmuseet 00år).

Ohlsson,Karin 997: Fredriksdalsminnen.Kring Kärnan :65-80.

Olmert,Michael 998: Official Guide to Colo-nial Williamsburg. New Edition. Williams-burg.

Olsen,Bernhard 885: Dansk Folkemuseum.Illustreret Tidende 884-85:573-578.

Olsen,Bernard 897A: De gamle Huse i KongensHave: Vejviser i Bygningsmuseet . Køben-havn.

Olsen,Bernard 897B: Friluftsmuseer, Salmon-sens Konversationsleksikon. Köbenhavn.

Ottenjann,Heinrich 956: Das Museumsdorfin Cloppenburg . Zeitschrift für Heimat undKultur, H.:3- 0.

Ottenjann,Helmut 990: Everyday Historyin the Open-air Museum, Tagungsberichte:53-59.

Pall,Istvan 980: Open Air Museum in Sóstó. Acta Scansenologica :7-28.

Palm,Per-Olof 99: Alarik Behm och CarlFries – zoologer på Skansen. Skansen underhundra år . Höganäs (Bra Böcker): 5-38.

Passarge,L. 897: Das Nordische Museum undSkansen. Stockholm (Sonderdruck ausPassarge: Schweden, Fahrten in Schwedenbesonders in Nordschweden und Lappland ,Berlin 897).

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Pattersson,John 986/99: Connor PrairieRefocuses Its Interpretive Message to IncludeControversial Subjects, History News , March986:2-5, reprinted in Anderson 99:5-8.

Pedersen,Ragnar 2003: Noen trekk av museeneshistorie i Norge frem til tidlig 900-tall, in

Amundsen, A.B. et al, Museer i fortid ognåtid . Oslo (Novus Forlag) 2003:25-45.Pedersen,Ragnar 2004: Anders Sandvigs muse-

umssyn –verdier og idéer. Maihaugen Årbok :-3.

Percy,David O. 98: Living Historical Farms:The Working Museums. Accoceek Founda-tion.

Perkins,Martin C. 99: Old World Wisconsin:Preserving a state’s ethnic architectural tradi-tions, Tagungsberichte : 78-85.

Permilovskaya, Anna 2002: Traditions inCarpentry in the Russian North and theirRealization in the Open Air Museum, inWorking Session of the Association of Euro-

pean Open Air Museums , Muzej “Staro Salo”,Kumrovec, Croatia, September 2002:43-58.

Perrin,Richard W.E. 975: Outdoor Museums .Milwakuee.

Pesch,Dieter 983: Einführung , 25 Jahre Rhein-isches Frelichtmuseum Kommen, Köln: 8-.

Pessireron,Sylva 2003: Molukkers in Nederland.‘Wij kwamen hier op dienstbevel…’ , Arnhem(Nederlands Openluchtmuseum).

Petersson,Bodil 2003: Föreställningar om det förflutna. Arkeologi och rekonstruktion. Lund(Nordic Academic Press).

Phillips,Charles 983: Greenfield’s ChangingPast, History News : 9-4.

Pöttler,Viktor Herbert 970: Führer durch dasÖsterreichisches Freilichtmuseum. Stübingbei Graz.

Pöttler,Viktor Herbert 99: Geschichte undRealisierung der Idee des Freilichtmuseumsin Österreich. Österreichische Zeitschrift fürVolkskunde , Band XLV/94: 85-25. Wien.

Powell,Bob 993: The “Traditional” RuralImage – Are We Correct in Making TimeStand Still Tagungsberichte : 56-57.

Pudor,Dr.H.90: Nordische Freiluft-Museen.Deutsche Stimmen. Halbmonatschrift fürvaterländische Politik und Volkswirtschaft :589-592.

Pudor,Heinrich 90: Museumsschulen. Muse-umskunde : 248-253.

Pudor, Heinrich 93: Heimbaukunst. Witten-berg (U.Zimsen Verlag).

Puijenbroek,Frans J.M.van, 988: Relationenvon klassischen Aufgaben und edukativen Aspekten, Tagungsberichte : 4-9.

Puktörne,Tommy 986: Program för projek-tering av Gådeå sjukhus till länsmuseum.Härnösand 985-86 (stencil).

Rasmussen,Holger 966: The Origin andDevelopment of the Danish Folk Museum,

Dansk Folkemuseum & Frilandsmuseet: 7-36.København (Nationalmuseet).

Rasmussen,Holger 979: Bernhard Olsen Virkeog Vaerker. København (Nationalmuseet).

Rasmussen,Holger 982: Georg Karlin ochBernard Olsen, Kulturen: 36-48.

Rasmussen,Holger 993: Hvorfor opstod

Folkemuseet, Nordisk museologi : 2:28-38.Rasmussen,Holger 997: „Jeg har i Dag købt12 Tønder Land“. Museumsmageren BernardOlsen. København (Nationalmuseet).

Rehnberg,Mats 943: Den 6 juni – etthalvsekelminne. Ord & Bild : 269-277

Rehnberg,Mats 957: The Nordiska Museetand Skansen. An introduction to the historyand activities of a famous Swedish museum. Stockholm.

Reid,Debra 99: “Watch Your Step!” Thecultural landscape in open-air museums andhistoric sites in North America, Tagungs-berichte : 29-226.

Reid,Debra 992: Responding to the Times:

Open-Air Museums and Modern Mandatesof Inclusion and Relevance, ALHFAMProceedings: 93-200.

Reid,Debra 994: Preserving the TwentiethCentury in Open-Air Museums, ALHFAMProceedings: 40-43.

Reid,Debra A. 997: Research and LivingHistory: Facing the Challenges, ALHFAMProceedings.

Reid,Debra A. 2000: Living History – SocialHistory or Post-Modernism: Toward aHistoriography of Open-Air Museum Inter-pretation in the United States. ALHFAMProceedings : 35-40.

Reid,Debra A. 200: Material Culture and

Living History, ALHFAM Proceedings.Reid,Debra A. 2003: Helping Interpreters Tell

the Tale: Suggested Readings on Interpreta-tion, Material Culture, and Rural History.

ALHFAM Bulletin 33:30-36.Rentzhog,Sten 973: Ett nytt Jamtli. Jämten:

93-98.Rentzhog,Sten 977: Den svenska hembygd-

srörelsen, Bygd och natur årsbok : 9-8.Rentzhog,Sten 200A: Survival - a matter of

change. Tagungsberichte : 73-78.Rentzhog,Sten 200B: Children and Open Air

Museums. Tagungsberichte : 24-28.Rentzhog,Sten 2002: Jamtli, i Med tro på fram-

tiden. Östersunds-Posten 125 år. Östersund:3-36.

Rentzhog,Sten 2005: Samtiden – en ny uppgiftför friluftsmuseerna, Laboratorium för folkoch kultur 4:9-22. Åbo.

Rentzhog,Sten 2006: Forskning och museer. Endebattskrift om museernas behov av kunskapoch forskningens behov av museer. Stockholm(Nordiska museets förlag).

Ring,Herman A. 893: Skansen och Nordiskamuseets anläggningar å Djurgården. Stock-holm.

Ring,Herman A. 897: Skansen Friluftsmuseetå K. Djurgården. Stockholm.

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Rivière,Georges-Henri 936/994: Les muséesde folklore à l’etranger et le futur Muséefrançais des arts et traditions populaires,Revue de folklore français et de folklore colo-nial , no.3, mai-juni 936; Folkemuseene iutlandet og det fremtidige ‘Musée françaisdes arts et traditions populaires’, Nordisk

museologi 994:2:7-20.Robertshaw,Andrew 992: “From Houses intoHomes”. One Approach to Live Interpreta-tion, Social History in Museums, Vol.9.

Robertshaw,Andy 997: “A Dry Shell of thePast”. Living History and the interpretationof historic houses. Historic Houses , July 997,vol.2, No 3:7-20.

Robinson,Philip 995: Problems of represent-ing Urban Life in Open-Air Museums,Tagungsberichte 995:45-6.

Robinson,Philip 200: From “Ulster Folk”Museum to the “Living” museum, Tagungs-berichte :0-3.

Rockefeller,John D. 937: The Genesis of the

Williamsburg Restoration, The NationalGeographic Magazine, April: 40.Roede,Lars 2003: Diachronic Interpretation: A

Tenement-house in the Open Air Museum. Tagungsberichte : 8-87.

Roede,Lars 2003: Kopi og original – flytting ogautencitet, i Amundsen, A.B. m.fl, Museeri nåtid og fortid : 7-4, Oslo (NovusForlag).

Rosenthal,Ellen & Blankman-Hetrick,Jane2002: Conversations Across Time: FamilyLearning in a Living History Museum,in G.Leinhard,K.Crowley&K.Knutsen(ed.), Learning Conversations in Museum, Mahwah, New Jersey (Lawrence Erlbaum

Associates):305-329.Rosander,Göran 967: Herrarbete. Dalfolkets

säsongvisa arbetsvandringar . Uppsala.Roth,Martin 990: Heimatmuseen. Zur

Geschichte einer deutschen Institution. Berlin(Gebr. Mann Verlag).

Rumar,Lars 985: Lillhärdalsgårdens historia .HUR nr :5-34.

Rumar,Lars 986: I fosterländsk och konstnär-lig riktning, Jämten: 66-88.

Salin,Bernhard 909: Artur Immanuel Hazelius,Nordisk Familjebok.

Salwa,Wojciech, 98: New Tasks of SkansenMuseology, in Czajkowski, J. (ed.): Open-

Air Museums in Poland : 56-69. Sanok.Samzelius,Hugo 893: Skansen. Nordiska

museets friluftsannex på kongl. Djurgården.Nornan, Svensk kalender för 1893: 54-83.

Sandberg,Mark B. 2003: Living Pictures MissingPersons. Mannequins, Museums and Moder-nity. Princeton University Press.

Sandström,Erika 2005: På den tiden, i dessadagar. Föreställningar om och bruk av historiaunder Medeltidsveckan på Gotland och JamtliHistorieland . Östersund (Jamtli Förlag).

Sandström,Josef 90: Ornässtugan och dessinventarier. Fataburen:23-220.

Sandvig,Anders 907: De Sandvigske Samlingeri tekst og billeder. Et bidrag til Gudbrands-dalens kulturhistorie. Lillehammer.

Sandvig,Anders 928: De Sandvigske samlinger.Fra aettegården til husmannsplassen. Oslo.

Sandvig,Anders 947: I arbeid og fest. Oslo.Sandvig,Anders 943/200: I praksis og på

samlerferd. 943. Tredje upplagan = Maihau- gen Årbok 2001.Schlebecker,John T.967: The Past in Action.

Living Historical Farms . Washington D.C.(Smithsonian Institution).

Schlebecher, John T.968: Living HistoricalFarms: A Walk Into the Past. WashingtonD.C. (Smithsonian Institution).

Schlebecker,John T.–Peterson,Gale E. 972: Living Historical Farms Handbook . Washing-ton D.C.(Smithsonian Institution Press).

Schlereth,Thomas J. 98/99: It Wasn’t ThatSimple, in Museum News January-Februry98, reprinted in Anderson 99:63-69.

Schöfmann,Stefanie 2002: Was wächst denn da?

Historische Kulturlandschaft im Freilichtmu-seum Glentleiten. Grossweil.Schubert,Ottmar 975: Das Konzept des Freli-

chtmuseums des Bezirks Oberbayern an derGlentleiten. Freundesblätter 2. Grossweil.

Schulze- Schmidt,B. 890: Bleistift-Skizzen.Erinnerungen an die Pariser Weltausstellungvon 1889. Bremen.

Selling,Gösta 972: Peter Holm og de nord-iske museer. Købstadmuseet ”Den Gamle By”

Årbog : 62-72.Sewan,Olga G. 995: Plany generalne i

poszzególnych sektorów muzeów na wolnympowietrzu rejonów archangielskiego i wolo-godskiego - The methods of designing and

arranging open air museums in the RussianNorth. Acta Scansenologica 7 : 66-90

Sieraczkiewicz,Jan–Święch,Jan 999: Skanseny.The Open Air Museums of Poland. Olsza-nica.

Simmonds,William Adams 938: Henry Fordand Greenfield Village . New York.

Sjöberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 978: Nils Oskar Jansson och Sagalund. Budkavlen 977-978:70-87.

Sjöberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 993: Nils Oskar Jansson och Sagalund. Sagalund. Museigu-ide.

Sjöberg-Pietarinen,Solveig 2004: Museer germening. Friluftsmuseerna Klosterbacken och

Amuri som representationer. Åbo.Skansen under hundra år, 99. Höganäs (Bra

böcker).Skougaard,Mette 99: Gardens and landscapes

at the open-air museum in Lyngby, Tagungs-berichte : 208-20.

Skougaard,Mette 995: The Ostenfeld Farm atthe Open-air Museum: Aspects of the Roleof Folk Museums in Conflicts of NationalHeritage, Nordisk museologi , 2:23-32.

Skramstad,Harold 2004: An Agenda forMuseums in the Twenty-first Century,

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in G.Anderson (ed.): Reinventing the Museum:8-32, Walnut Creek (Altamira).

Skramstad.Harold and Susan 2005: Dream-ing the Museum. Museum News March/ April:52-55.

Slettan,Dagfinn 986: Den lokalhistoriskebevegelsen i Trøndelag. Heimen 2:50-66.

Smithers,Helen 2005:Sovereign Hill, Ballarat Australia . Ballarat.Snow,Stephen Eddy 993: Performing the

Pilgrims. University Press of Mississippi.Søgaard,Helge 972: Peter Holm og “Den

Gamle By”. Købstadmuseet “Den Gamle By”. Årbog 972:99-2.

Sonnenschein,Helmut 984: Das WestfälischeFreilichtmuseum Technischer Kulturdenk-male in Hagen. Tagungsberichte : 62-64.

Sonnenschein,F.H.–Kleinert,Chr. 984: 1000 Jahre Technik- und Handwerksgeschichte.Das Westfälische Freilichtmuseum TechnischerKulturdenkmale. Hagen.

Sörlin,Sverker 998: Artur Hazelius och det

nationella arvet. Nordiska museet under 125år : 6-39 Stockholm.Stanikūnas,Vytautas 200: Lietuvos Kaimo

Muziejus – The Lithuanian Open Air Museum. Vilnius.

Steinmann,Ulrich 964: Die Entwicklung desMuseums für Volskskunde von 889 bis964. 75 Jahre Museum für Volkskunde. Fest-schrift. Berlin.

Stenseth,Bodil 993: En norsk elite. Nasjonsby- ggerne på Lysaker 1890-1940. Oslo (Asche-houg).

Sternschulte,Agnes 996: Felder und Wälder,Gärten und Tiere, in Baumeier-Carstensen996: 75-92.

Stika,Jaroslav 976: Einige Erfahrungen bei derpädagogischen Arbeit im Valasské Muzeumin Rožnov, Tagungsberichte : 03-06.

Stika,Jaroslav 982: Das Freilichtmuseum alsZentrum des Kulturellen und Gesellschaftli-chen Lebens, Tagungsberichte : 5-53.

Stika,Jaroslav 985:Valasské muzeum v príodeRožnov pod Radhoštěm. Neprodejné.

Stika,Jaroslav 986: Freilichtmuseum und derregionale Patriotismus,Tagungsberichte:124-128.

Stika,Jaroslav 990A: Das Streben nach derIdentität im Freilichtmuseum, Tagungs-berichte : 4-46.

Stika,Jaroslav 990B: Platz und Möglichkeitender Folklore und der Volksbräuche im Frei-lichtmuseum, Tagungsberichte : 2-4.

Stjernström,Gust. 95: Skansen, friluftsmu-seum, friluftsskola, friluftsteater. Fysisk

fostran 95 :29-23.Stoica,Georgeta–Godea,Ioan 993: Muzeul

Satului Bucureşti. Bucureşti.Stoklund,Bjarne 993: International Exhibi-

tions and the New Museum Concept inthe Latter Half of the Nineteenth Century,Ethnologia Scandinavica , 23:87-3.

Stoklund,Bjarne 200: Idén om ett friluftsmu-seum, Kulturen: 0-27.

Stridsberg,Laura 97: Ur Skansens krönika.Några erinringar vid dess första kvartssekel.Ord & Bild : 2:65-80.

Stridsberg,Laura 933: Artur Hazelius i sinbrevväxling. Minnesbladet : 6-9, 9. (Nord-iska museet).

Sugimoto,Hisatsugo 980: Open Air Museum

of Old Japanese Farm Houses in ToyonakaCity . Acta Scansenologica :33-46. Sundin,Bo 986: Folkrörelser och kulturliv,

Östersunds historia III: 25-228. Östersund.Svensson,Sigfrid 972: Under krisår och krigsår,

Fataburen: 57-74.Svensson,Sigfrid 982: Georg J:son Karlin, Det

stora äventyret. Efterskrift. Kulturen: 34-35.

Tagungsberichte = Verband europäischer Freili-chtmuseen/Association of European Open Air Museums, Conference Reports 1966/1972– 2005. Most German articles have Englishsummaries.

The Williamsburg Restoration 93: Published

by the Williamsburg Holding CorporationMCMXXXI, Williamsburg.Theobald,Mary Miley 200: Colonial

Williamsburg. The First 75 Years . Williams-burg.

Thode-Aurora,Hilke 989: Für fünzig Pfennigim die Welt – Die Hagenbeckschen Völker-schauen. Frankfurt/New York.

Thome,David & Mary Jo 2003: Old WorldWisconsin. America’s Heartland: A Guide toOur Past. Eagle.

Thompson,George B. 986: Some Consid-erations Concerning the Significance andStatus of Open Air Museums in Present-daySociety, Acta Scansenologica 4 :49-64.

Tichinov, V.V. 2003: Analiz metodiceskoj bazymuzeev pod otkrytym nebom Rossii. Irkutsk.

Tilden,Freeman 957/987: Interpreting OurHeritage. Third Edition, Thirteenth print-ing. Chapel Hill 987 (University of NorthCarolina Press).

Toffler,Alvin, 970: Future Shock . New York.Tolstrup,Inger 200: Frilandsmuseet – før, nu

og i fremtiden, NYT fra Nationalmuseetnr. 9.

Tompkins,Toby 992: Small beer, large pigsand the Anglo-Dutch War of 627, Museum(UNESCO), No.75, Vol.XLVI, No.3: 58-64.

Tramposch,William J.983: Standing betweenthe Past and the Present. Colonial Williams-burg Today : 2-6.

Trettiotalets Skansen, 939. Utveckling och om-daning under decenniet 1929-1939. Stock-holm.

Trifonova,L.V.–Keim,Helmut 996: Freilich-tmuseum Kizhi . Grossweil.

Trinder,Barrie 984: A Philosophy for the Indus-trial Open-Air Museum,Tagungsberichte :87-95.

Trinder,Barrie 2000: Industrial archaeology:the twentieth-century context. Perspectives

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on Industrial Archeology , ed. N.Cossons:39-56. London (Science Museum).

Tschudi-Madsen,Stephan 993: På NordmannsVis. Norsk Folkemuseum gjennom 100 år .Oslo.

Tunander,Ingemar 99: Andreas Lindblom,Skansen och kriget, Skansen under hundra

år : 97-4. Höganäs.Uldal,Kai 956: Frilandsmuseets metoder.

Museumsmøte i Gamle Bergen 1.-3. septem-ber 1956:30-40.

Uldall,Kai 957: Open Air Museums, Museum X:68-96.

Ungureanu,Nicolae 98: Village and Folk Art Museum. Bucharest.

Unser Egerland, 3, 909 :98-00: Das DeutscheDorf, ein volkstümliches Freilichtmuseumim Grunewald bei Berlin.

Upward,Geoffrey C.979: A Home for OurHeritage. The Building and Growth of Green-

field Village and Henry Ford Museum, 1929-

1979. Dearborn.

Valen-Sendstad,Fartein 95: De Sandvigskesamlinger. Lillehammer.

Vaessen,Jan, 989: Opening and closing: Onthe dialectics of the museum, in Generatorsand Culture , Amsterdam (AHA Books).

Vaessen,Jan, 2003: A Moluccan Barrack.Coping with post-colonial history. Tagungs-berichte 2003:43- 58.

Valentine,Nina 980: First Act. Sovereign Hill– and how it all began. Ballarat.

Vallin,Hervid 964: Botaniska trädgården inomFredriksdals friluftsmuseum. Hälsingborg.

Veveris,Ervins - Kuplais,Martins 989: Latvi- jas Etnogrāfiskajā brīvdabas muzejā/In theLatvian Ethnographic Open-Air Mus

Documents

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