on Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus · • Research in the area of genetic resources and divergence of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and other grain legumes • Investigating the

25-26 april 2017., Ljubljana, Slovenia

State of the art on Phaseolus vulgaris and

Phaseolus coccineus

SRB (Serbia)’s National Collections

SMARTLEG meeting 25-26 april 2017., Ljubljana, Slovenia

Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops N o v i S a d

Mirjana Vasić, breeder of bean Aleksandra Savić, future breeder

SMARTLEG Ljubljana APRIL 2017 ECPGR Grain Legumes Working Group

Dr MAJA Ječmenica, Head of Gene Bank Department

Kladovo, maj 2016.


National Gene Bank is at the final stage

of establishment

Active collections are maintained in Institutes

Researchers working on certain species also supervise the collections and maintain the accessions

I F V C N S was established in 1938. year

as a non-profit government organization

SMARTLEG Ljubljana APRIL 2017 ECPGR Grain Legumes Working Group

Landraces of common beans can still be

found on small farms

Runer bean a little less often

Landraces and varieties of beans collected at IFVCNS from 1977

In the Balkan peninsula, there is a great divergence of bean

History


Research activities

• Research in the area of genetic resources and divergence of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and other grain legumes

• Investigating the possibility of expanding genetic variability of bean with maintenance of its germplasm in our country

• Collection of landraces; maintenance, characterization and evaluation of samples; pre-breeding activities; exchange of bean germplasm

The most important use is for breeding

SMARTLEG Ljubljana

B r e e d i n g goals

Domestic program of bean breeding was aimed at the development of high-yielding varieties, suitable for growing in pure stand and machine harvesting

but these varieties were also expected to have grain characteristics similar to those of the traditional bean populations


B r e e d i n g Programs – goals – researches

The convergence of the large number of nations inhabiting the Balkan Peninsula are reasons for differences in dietary customs

When the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad embarked on a program of bean breeding, a decision was made to try and meet the specific market demands.

to make bean varieties which differ in grain color and shape as well as in taste .

SMARTLEG meeting

In the Balkan peninsula, there is a great divergence of bean

The convergence of important trading routes and the arrival of beans The convergence of important trading routes and the arrival of beans from two directions, east (TurkeyThe convergence of important trading routes and the arrival of beans from two directions, east (Turkeyfrom two directions, east (Turkey) and west (France, Italy).The convergence of important trading routes and the arrival of beans The convergence of important trading routes and the arrival of beans from two directions, east (Turkeyfrom two directions, east (Turkey) and west (France, Italy).) and west (France, Italy).) and west (France, Italy).) and west (France, Italy).

These from east have white seeds predominantly.These from east have white seeds predominantly. These from west have colored seeds predominantlyThese from east have white seeds predominantly.These from west have colored seeds predominantlyThese from west have colored seeds predominantly.These from west have colored seeds predominantlyThese from west have colored seeds predominantly.

Dishes made from beans are part of the our national cuisines

25-26 april 2017., Ljubljana, Slovenia


In order to achieve the goal we had to collect and study the many and varied local population but also more recent varieties ...

and the result is


Biological status Accessions Percentage 300 Traditional cultivar/landrace Most of them 500 Advanced or improved cultivar 400 Breeding/research material 410 Breeder's line

Germplasm storage Percentage 10 Seed collection 100%

eurisco.ecpgr.org

Bean breeding programme at IFVCNS

• Bean breeding and research programme at IFVCNS exists for around 40 years

• At the moment, there are 8 dry bean and 2 snap bean varieties that were created at the IFVCNS

• All of these cultivars are present at National variety list

• Some of them are recognized on foreign variety lists and produced in other countries

• IFVCNS bean varieties take about 80% of whole seed production in Serbia

Bean cultivars created at the IFVCNS Name of cultivar Use category Plant growth habit Market class

Belko Dry bean Determinate bush Small white

Balkan Dry bean Determinate bush Small white

Maksa Dry bean Determinate bush Large Great Northern

Dvadesetica Dry bean Determinate bush Large Great Northern

Aster Dry bean Determinate bush White kidney

Levač Dry bena Indeterminate climbing Large Great Northern

Zlatko Dry bean Determinate bush Golden

Sremac Dry bean Determinate bush Yellow-greenish

Tisa Snap bean Indeterminate climbing Butter bean

Resava Snap bean Indeterminate climbing Green pencil

Sremac Slavonski žutozeleni Slavonski žutozeleni

Zlatko

Dvadesetica

Maksa

• Dry bean collection - around 500 accessions

• Snap bean collection (around 200 accessions) at IFVCNS

• Structure of bean collection held at IFVCN:

• 3% old varieties

• 80 % landraces

• 17 % newly created varieties

• Most of the landraces in the IFVCNS bean collection were collected from the territory of Former Yugoslavia and neighboring countries • This collection serves as breeding collection, but also for maintenance of bean genetic resources

Value of tripsin inhibitor activity in bean genotypes from Serbia and Slovenia

0102030405060708090

Jabelski Dvadesetica Biser Oplenac

Zlatko Panonski tetovac Zorin Levac

Panonski gradistanac Starozagorski Kelmen Slavonski zeleni

Screening of collections

• Screening part of dry bean collection (about 200 genotypes) based on morphometrical, biochemical and molecular analysis

• Morphometrical analysis based on Bioversity International- Key descriptor for bean genetic resources

• Molecular evaluationa and determination of genetic diversity and structure of tested dry bean population was done using SSR markers

• Determination of phaseolin type as protein marker

• Creating core collections and chosing potential accession candidtes for future breeding

Trait Phenotype (%)

Growth habit

determinate bush 80,2

indeterminate bush 11,9

indeterminate prostrate or vining but not climbing

7,9

indeterminate climbing 0

determinante climbing 0

mixture 0

Colour of flower

Colour of flower standard

white 37,3

green 4,5

lilac 41,8

carmine red 12,9

purple 3,4

Clour of flower wings white 41,8

lilac 54,2

purple 3,9

Pod colour Pod colour

normal green 59,3

shiny green 29,4

dull green to silver gray 7,9

pale yellow to white 1,7

carmine stripe on green 0,6

pale red stripe on green 1,13

100-seed weight < 25 g 10,1

25-40 g 35,0

> 40 g 54,8

Seed colour

Seed coat pattern absent 84,2

mottled 13,6

other 2,3

Seed coat colour

white 36,7

cream 9,6

yellow 1,7

brown 2,8

pink 15,8

pink 1,1

purple 1,7

black 3,4

green 21,5

golden-yellow 4,5bordeaux 1,1

Brilliance of seed dull 21,5

medium 46,9

shiny 31,6

Seed shape

cuboid 55,4

oval 29,9

kidney shaped 8,5

markedly truncate 5,6

round 0,6

T (65%)

S (29%)

C (5%)

Phaseolin type in Serbian varieties and landraces

Andean genepool

Passport data and photos

• Research on tolerance of 21 bean genotypes (comercial and domestic

varieties and landraces) to drought stress and excess moisture in the soil in the stage of seedlings in laboratory conditions

• Variability among genotypes was observed based on morpho-physiological and termodinalmical basis of tolerance to abiotical factors in early growth stages

• The best genotypes were separated as most tolerant – Serbian cultivars Maksa, Panonski tetovac, Balkan, Zlatko and Galeb, and one Bulgarian Prelom

Phaseolus coccineus runner bean


Phaseolus coccineus - runner bean


Phaseolus coccineus - runner bean


SMARTLEG Ljubljana APRIL 2017

Thank you for your attention

and patience

Documents

on Phaseolus vulgaris and Phaseolus coccineus · • Research in the area of genetic resources and divergence of Phaseolus vulgaris L. and other grain legumes • Investigating the