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FRAMEBANK: A DATABASE OF RUSSIAN LEXICAL CONSTRUCTIONS Olga Lyashevskaya (HSE / IRL RAS, [email protected]) Egor Kashkin (IRL RAS, [email protected])

Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

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Page 1: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

FRAMEBANK: A DATABASE OFRUSSIAN LEXICALCONSTRUCTIONS

Olga Lyashevskaya (HSE / IRL RAS, [email protected])

Egor Kashkin (IRL RAS, [email protected])

Page 2: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

A BANK OF LEXICAL CONSTRUCTIONS FORTHE 'DEEP' PARSING OF RUSSIAN

Berkeley FrameNet : extralinguistic situations (frames) → aset of participants → lexemes.

Russian FrameBank (www.framebank.ru): lexemes (about 2200, primarily verbs) → constructions → examples fromRNC (about 100 for each lexeme, manually tagged)

Theoretical framework: Fillmore's FrameNet andConstruction Grammar + Moscow Semantic School

Lexical constructions, eg. ударить ‘to strike, to hit’: Извозчик ударил лошадь; Он ударил верблюда по спине; … Дождь ударил в окно; Волна ударила о борт лодки; … Запах бензина ударил ему в ноздри. Луч ударил в окно. Мороз ударил. Бензин ударит по карману? Это больно ударит по карману

предприятия. Брак ударит токаря по карману.

… and how they are expressed in the corpus.

Page 3: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ILLUSTRATION: CONSTRUCTIONPATTERN

3

Page 4: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ILLUSTRATION: CONSTRUCTIONPATTERN

Page 5: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ILLUSTRATION: TAGGING

Page 6: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ILLUSTRATION: TAGGING

Page 7: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

1 2 3 4 50%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

32.87%

56.34%

10.43%

0.34% 0.02%

Participants expressed within the sentence

% e

xam

ple

s

Page 8: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

SEMANTIC ROLES

Hierarchy of semantic roles => flexible search options. Correlation with verbal classes. Semantic roles graph: 91 items → 6 domains → further

smaller units. Example – the domain of Agent: Agent (‘to cut’, ‘to fight’, ‘to eat’, ‘to cook’ etc.) Subject of motion (‘to go’, ‘to run’, ‘to fly’ etc.) Speaker (‘to say’, ‘to promise’, ‘to tell lies’ etc.) Subject of social relation (‘to marry’, ‘to be friends with sb.’,

‘to dismiss sb.’) Subject of behaviour (‘to be lazy’, ‘to be slow in sth.’)

Page 9: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions
Page 10: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

CONSTRUCTION GRAPHER

Patterns of polysemy & the formal network of constructions. Semantic shifts (metaphor, metonymy etc.). Formal shifts (change of morphosyntactic marking, omission

of a participant, etc.).

Page 11: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ВРАЩАТЬСЯ

Page 12: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ENLARGING THE DICTIONARY OFCONSTRUCTIONS Basic list of constructions: [Apresjan, Pall 1982]. Tagging of 100 examples: ≈ 30-100 % more constructions. New morphosyntactic marking of participants (Берегись,чтобы не упасть, ср. Берегись трамвая). New metaphoric shifts of verbs (Абрамович возглавляет рейтинг самых богатых людей России, ср.возглавляет комитет). New metonymic shifts of verbs (У него в кармане незвенело ни копейки; ≈ ‘не было’) New specialization of meaning (Нападающий пробил головой в перекладину)

Page 13: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

ENLARGING THE DICTIONARY OFCONSTRUCTIONS Inheritance of a nominal government (с налогом возникли проблемы, ситуация, которая возникла с нефтью) New idioms and modification of idioms (Я забежал вперед, в1997 год; Остапа занесло). Speech register: many colloquial constructions (Сегодняангличанка бесилась на меня; Опять сосед воняет, правакачает).

Page 14: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

VERBS WITH AN OVERT INSTRUMENT

Verb № of tokenswith an overtInstrument

% of all thetokens

Резать ‘to cut’ 14 12,5%

Рубить ‘to cut, to chop’ 10 9,52%

Бриться ‘to shave’ 8 7,27%

Играть ‘to play’ 5 5,88%

Вырезать ‘to carve’ 6 5,41%

Забить ‘to beat, to hammer in’ 5 5%

Пробить ‘to break through, topunch out’

4 4,04%

Ловить ‘to catch’ 4 4%

Page 15: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

INHERITANCE OF A PATTERN

One of the formal shifts is inheritance of a pattern. Examples:

– Следуйте за мной, – сказал официант → – Следуйте замной, – бросил официант.

Skazat’ ‘to say, to tell’:

Snom V “CL”

Brosit’ ‘to throw’:

Snom V Sacc → ‘to say, to tell’

Иван ударил парня по голове → Иван двинул парня по голове

Udarit’ ‘to strike’:

Snom V Sacc po + Sdat

Dvinut’ ‘to move’:

Snom V Sacc {ADV / PRwhere + Sx} → ‘to strike’ 15

Page 16: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

INHERITANCE OF A PATTERN

706 occurrences of an inheritance on the Construction Grapher. The most frequent sources:skazat’ ‘to say, to tell’ 66nakazat’ ‘to punish’ 32bol’et’ ‘to be ill’ 21udarit’ ‘to strike’ 20dat’ ‘to give’ 14Mechanisms of inheritance:Metaphors (e.g., verbs of speech, pain).Metonymies (e.g., emotions → speech).Pragmatic interpretation of a frame: Сергей был остановлен(← наказан) полицией за то, что проехал на красныйсигнал светофора. 16

Page 17: Olga Lyashevskaya and Egor Kashkin - FrameBank: a database of Russian lexical constructions

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