By

Balahariharan D

MotivationHow OLED worksTypes of OLEDsAdvantages and ChallengesCurrent and Future Applications

CathodeEmissive LayerConductive LayerAnodeSubstrate

1. Voltage applied across Cathode and Anode

1. Typically 2V-10V

2. Current flows from cathode to anode

1. Electrons flow to emissive layer

2. Electrons removed from conductive layer leaving holes

3. Holes jump into emissive layer

3. Electron and hole combine and light emitted

Different Colors type of organic

molecule in the emissive layer

3 molecules used -RGB Intensity/brightness

amount of current

Passive-matrix OLEDActive-matrix OLEDTransparent OLEDTop-emitting OLEDFoldable OLEDWhite OLED

Perpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation

Light emitted at intersection (pixels)

External circuitry Turns on/off pixels

External circuitryLarge power

consumption Used on 1-3 inch screens Alphanumeric displays

Full layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules

Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anodeInternal circuitry to

determine which pixels to turn on/off

Less power consumed then PMOLEDUsed for larger

displays

Transparent substrate, cathode and anode

Bi-direction light emission

Passive or Active Matrix OLED

Useful for heads-up displayTransparent projector

screenglasses

Non-transparent or reflective substrate

Transparent CathodeUsed with Active

Matrix DeviceSmart card displays

Flexable metalic foil or plastic substrate

Lightweight and durable

Reduce display breaking

Clothing OLED

Emits bright white light

Replace fluorescent lights

Reduce energy cost for lighting

True Color Qualities

Thinner, lighter and more flexiblePlastic substrates rather then glass High resolution (<5um pixel size) and

fast switching (1-10um)Do not require backlight, light generatedLow voltage, low power and emissive

sourceRobust Design (Plastic Substrate)Larger sized displaysBrighter- good daylight visibilityLarger viewing angles -170o

LifetimeWhite, Red, Green 46,000-230,000 hours

About 5-25 yearsBlue 14,000 hours

About 1.6 years

ExpensiveSusceptible to waterOvercome multi-billion dollar LCD market

Kodak LS633 EasyShare with OLED display The Sony 11-inch XEL-1 OLED TV

Samsung Roadmap• 2009 - 14,15, and 21 inch OLED panel• 2010 - 40 to 42 inch full HD OLED panel

Toshiba Roadmap•2009 – 30 inch Full HD panel

A 2'x2' white light prototype by GE World’s First OLED Lamp

http://www.oled-info.com/buy-oled

Limited use caused by degradation of materials.

OLED will replace current LED and LCD technologies

ExpensiveFlexibility and thinness will enable many

applications

Bardsley, James. "International OLED Technology Roadmap." IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS. Jan. 2004. IEEE. <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=01288066>.

Freudenrich, Craig, Ph.D. "How OLEDs Work." Howstuffworks. 2008. <http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled.htm>.

OLED-info. "OLED Lights and Sony OLEDs." OLED displays

and television resources, info and news. 2008. <http://www.oled-info.com/>.

Organic Lighting Technologies. "Technology." Organic Lighting Technologies LLC. 2006. <http://www.o-lite.com/technology.htm>.

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