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Old Testament Overview Part 2. Servants Preparation Course Fall 2013 October 8, 2013. Birth of Christ. Creation. Simplified OT Timeline. Abraham. Moses. David. Birth of Christ. Creation. Simplified OT Timeline. 0. 1 ,500BC. ~5,000BC. 2,500BC. 2,000BC. 1,000BC. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Old Testament OverviewPart 2
Servants Preparation Course Fall 2013October 8, 2013
Simplified OT Timeline
Birth
of Chri
st
Creatio
n
Simplified OT Timeline
Birth
of Chri
st
Creatio
n
Abraha
m Moses
David
~5,000BC
2,000BC 1,500BC 1,000BC 02,500BC
Old Testament Table of Contents
TobitJudith1,2 Maccabees
Wisdom of Solomon
Wisdom of Sirach
Baruch
The Law
Historical Wisdom/Poetry
Major Prophets
Minor Prophets
Gen esi s
Exo dus
Lev itic us
Num
be rs
Deu ter ono m
y
The Pentateuch (Judaism: Torah)
Josh ua
Jud ges
Rut h
I Sa mu el
II S amu el
I Ki ngs
Neh em
iah
II King s
Esth er
Ezr a
I Ch ron icl es
II Chro nic les
Old Testament History
Job
Psa lms
Pro verb s
Ecc lesi aste s
Son g o f So ng s
Wisdom and PoetryIsai ah
Jere mia h
Eze kie l
Dan iel
Hos ea
Joel
Am
os
Oba dia h
Jon ah
Mic ah
Nah um
Hab akk uk
Zep han iah
Hag gai
Zec har iah
Mal ach i
The Minor Prophets
Mat the w
Mar k
Luk e
Joh n
Act s of the
Apo stle s
The Gospels and Acts
Rom
an s
I Co rin thia ns
II Corin thi ans
Gal atia ns
Eph esi ans
Phil ipp ian s
Col oss ians
I Th essa lon ians
II T hess alo nian s
I Ti mot hy
II T imo thy
Titu s
Phil emon
Heb rew
s
James
I Pe ter
II P eter
I Jo hn
II Jo hn
III J ohn
Jud e
Rev ela tion
Writings of the Apostles
Lamen tatio ns
The Major Prophets
1 Kings 1-11 1 Kings 12 - 2 Kings 17 2 Kings 18-25 Northern Kingdom United Kingdom
under Solomon Southern Kingdom of Judah
The Kingdom Years
The Kingdom YearsRead 1 Kings 11:1-3 (reference Deut. 17:14-
20) Read 1 Kings 11:9-13Result = Divided KingdomNorthern Kingdom = Israel (10 tribes)Southern Kingdom = Judah (Judah, Benjamin)
Southern Kingdom of Judah
19 Kings, 1 Queen
Northern Kingdom of Israel
19 KingsJerusalem
Category
Kings
Capital SamariaJudah & Benjamin Tribes Ten Northern TribesMost were unstable; some were good, some were bad
Legacy of Kings All were bad
Conquered by Babylon in 586 B.C. Fall Conquered by
Assyria in 722 B.C.Returned to the land Return No Return
KingsProphetic Perspective: Judgments
ChroniclesPriestly Perspective: Hope
Wars Prominent Temple ProminentHistory of thrones History of Davidic
lineIsrael & Judah Mostly JudahJeremiah the Prophet
Ezra the Priest
Pre-Exile Prophets
IsraelElijah
Elisha
Jonah
Amos
Hosea
JudahJoel
Isaiah
Micah
Nahum
Zephaniah
Habakkuk
Jeremiah (Pre and during)Obadiah
Exile ProphetsJeremiahEzekielDaniel
Post-Exile ProphetsHaggaiZechariahMalachi
Gen esi s
Exo dus
Lev itic us
Num
be rs
Deu ter ono m
y
The Pentateuch (Judaism: Torah)
Josh ua
Jud ges
Rut h
I Sa mu el
II S amu el
I Ki ngs
Neh em
iah
II King s
Esth er
Ezr a
I Ch ron icl es
II Chro nic les
Old Testament History
Job
Psa lms
Pro verb s
Ecc lesi aste s
Son g o f So ng s
Wisdom and PoetryIsai ah
Jere mia h
Eze kie l
Dan iel
Hos ea
Joel
Am
os
Oba dia h
Jon ah
Mic ah
Nah um
Hab akk uk
Zep han iah
Hag ga i
Zec har iah
Ma lach i
The Minor Prophets
Mat the w
Mar k
Luk e
Joh n
Act s of the
Apo stle s
The Gospels and Acts
Rom
an s
I Co rin thia ns
II Corin thi ans
Gal atia ns
Eph esi ans
Phil ipp ian s
Col oss ians
I Th essa lon ians
II T hess alo nian s
I Ti mot hy
II T imo thy
Titu s
Phil emon
Heb rew
s
James
I Pe ter
II P eter
I Jo hn
II Jo hn
III J ohn
Jud e
Rev ela tion
Writings of the Apostles
Lamen tatio ns
The Major Prophets
Captivity of Northern Kingdom
Israel (Northern Kingdom) was conquered by Assyrians in 722 BC and the scattered people were known as the “Lost Tribes of Israel”
Read 2 Kings 17:5-6
Never returned
Captivity of Southern Kingdom
Judah (Southern Kingdom) was eventually destroyed by Babylon in 586 BC and inhabitants were held in captivity (called the Exile or Babylonian Captivity) for 70 years.
Why seventy years of captivity? (See Leviticus 25:3-4 and Jeremiah 29:10) Read 2 Chronicles 36:21
Babylonian Exile
• The Babylonians killed the young men.
• Took all the articles from the house of God, the treasures of the king and of his leaders.
• Burned the house of God, all the king’s palaces, all houses in Jerusalem.
• Broke down the wall of Jerusalem.
• Carried the people to Babylon to serve the king of Babylon.
2 Kings 25:8-21; 2 Chronicles 36:17-21
Tears in Exile (Psalm 137)1 By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept when we remembered Zion.
2 There on the poplars we hung our harps,
3 for there our captors asked us for songs, our tormentors demanded songs of joy; they said, “Sing us one of the songs of Zion!”
4 How can we sing the songs of the Lord while in a foreign land?
5 If I forget you, Jerusalem, may my right hand forget its skill.
6 May my tongue cling to the roof of my mouth if I do not remember you, if I do not consider Jerusalem my highest joy.
7 Remember, Lord, what the Edomites did on the day Jerusalem fell. “Tear it down,” they cried, “tear it down to its foundations!”
8 Daughter Babylon, doomed to destruction, happy is the one who repays you according to what you have done to us.
9 Happy is the one who seizes your infants and dashes them against the rocks.
Return to the Land~538 BC, the Babylonian
empire fell and was replaced by the Persian empire.
Persian King Cyrus allowed return of Jews to the land.
Jews came back in 3 waves
Post-exile term coming from the word
“Judah”
Gen esi s
Exo dus
Lev itic us
Num
be rs
Deu ter ono m
y
The Pentateuch (Judaism: Torah)
Josh ua
Jud ges
Rut h
I Sa mu el
II S amu el
I Ki ngs
Neh em
iah
II King s
Esth er
Ezr a
I Ch ron icl es
II Chro nic les
Old Testament History
Job
Psa lms
Pro verb s
Ecc lesi aste s
Son g o f So ng s
Wisdom and PoetryIsai ah
Jere mia h
Eze kie l
Dan iel
Hos ea
Joel
Am
os
Oba dia h
Jon ah
Mic ah
Nah um
Hab akk uk
Zep han iah
Hag gai
Zec har iah
Mal ach i
The Minor Prophets
Mat the w
Mar k
Luk e
Joh n
Act s of the
Apo stle s
The Gospels and Acts
Rom
an s
I Co rin thia ns
II Corin thi ans
Gal atia ns
Eph esi ans
Phil ipp ian s
Col oss ians
I Th essa lon ians
II T hess alo nian s
I Ti mot hy
II T imo thy
Titu s
Phil emon
Heb rew
s
James
I Pe ter
II P eter
I Jo hn
II Jo hn
III J ohn
Jud e
Rev ela tion
Writings of the Apostles
Lamen tatio ns
The Major Prophets
Return to the LandEzra: Book of Ezra continues where 2 Chronicles
left off. Now the Jews have been freed and the first wave is coming back to rebuild the temple. Three returns back to Israel. (In the beginning, Ezra is not there, just giving a history)
1st return under Zerubabbel (536 BC): Ezra 2:1, 64-65 (42,360 Jews plus 7,337 servants)
Return to the LandStart rebuilding the temple (Ezra 3:3, 8-10) but are
discouraged by their enemies (Ezra 4) and work on the temple stops for 16 years until God sends Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:1, Haggai 1-2, Zechariah 1:1-3)
2nd return under Ezra (458 BC): (Ezra 7:6-10) Ezra tries to restore the people spiritually and teach
theme the laws and statutes of God.3rd return under Nehemiah (444 BC) (Nehemiah
comes to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem)
1st Return under Zerubbabel & rebuilding Temple
Ezra 1-6
Ezra 7-10
Events of Book of Esther
2nd Return under Ezra 3rd Return under Nehemiah & rebuilding walls
Book of Esther
Book of Nehemiah
538-516 B.C.
473 B.C.
458-457 B.C.
445-444 B.C.
IsaiahSaw the Northern Kingdom of
Israel taken into Captivity at the hands of Assyria
JeremiahSaw the Southern Kingdom of
Judah taken into Captivity at the hands of Babylon
Foretold of the judgments that would come in the future
Explained the reasons for the judgments Judah was experiencing
Looks primarily to the future Looks primarily to the present
25 - 32 33 - 48
Ezekiel’s call (1-2) Judgment (3-7) Temple (8-11) Judgment (12-14) Pictures (15-19) Judgment (20-23) Pictures (24)
Amon Moab Edom Philistia Tyre Sidon Egypt
Watchman (33)
Restoration (34-37)
Gog & Magog (38-39)
New Temple (40-48)
Oracles against Judah Oracles against Nations Oracles of Salvation
1 - 24
8:1
Written in the Third Person Written in the First Person
Seven Historical Narratives
Four Prophetic Visions
Written in Aramaic Written in Hebrew
Prophetic History relating to the Gentiles Prophetic History relating to the Jews
ConclusionWhy should I study the Old Testament?
Great characters that we can learn fromGet to know the character of GodThe New Testament cannot be completely understood
without understanding the Old Testament25 Then He said to them, “O foolish ones, and slow
of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! 26 Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into His glory?” 27 And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets, He expounded to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself. (Luke 24:25-27)