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August 08, 2013
Aug 23:38 PM
Introduction to Crime Scenes
http://forensics.rice.edu/en/FunStuff/OnlineActivities.html
Aug 27:44 PM
O.J. Simpson Trial
1994: Charged with murder of his exwife Nicole Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman
The case is the most publicized criminal trial in American history
Simpson was acquitted due to reasonable doubt about DNA evidence (relatively new science at the time) including that the blood sample evidence had allegedly been mishandled by lab scientists and technician and accusations of misconduct by the LA Police Department
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Aug 27:48 PM
12:10 a.m. Nicole and Ronald were fond murdered outside her home
Evidence found and collected led police to suspect O.J.
Nicole was stabbed multiple times in the head and neck with defence wounds on her hands
After a lengthy car chase, Simpson finally surrendered. In his white Bronco the police found "$8,000 in cash, a change of clothing, a loaded .375 Magum, a passport, family pictures, and a fake goatee and mustache"
O.J. pleaded notguilty to the murders
Aug 28:56 PM
Evidence Collected at the Scene
DNA analysis of blood found on a pair of Simpson's socks found in his bedroom identified it as Nicole Brown's. The blood had DNA characteristics matched by approximately only one in 9.7 billion, with odds rising to one out of 21 billion when compiling results of testing done at two separate DNA laboratories. Both socks had about 20 stains of blood.
DNA analysis of the blood found in, on, and near Simpson's Bronco revealed traces of Simpson's, Brown's and Goldman's blood..
A few stands of AfricanAmerican hair were found on Goldman's shirt.
DNA analysis of blood on the lefthand glove, found outside Brown's home, was proven to be a mixture of Simpson's, Brown's, and Goldman's. Although the glove was soaked in blood, there were no blood drops leading up to, or away from the glove. No other blood was found in the are of the glove except on the glove.
The gloves contained particles of hair consistent with Goldman's hair and cap contained carpet fibers consistent with fibers from Simpson's Bronco. A black knit cap at the crime scene contained strands of AfricanAmerican hair. Several strands of dark blue cotton fibers were found on Goldman, and the prosecution presented a witness who said Simpson wore a similarlycoloured sweat suit that night.
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Evidence Collected at the Scene The lefthand glove found at Nicole Brown's home and the righthand glove found at Simpson's home proved to be a match
Officers found arrest records indicating that Simpson was charged with the beating of his wife Nicole Brown. Photos of Brown's bruised and battered face from the attack were shown.
Much of the incriminating evidence: bloody glove, bloody socks, blood in and on the Bronco, was discovered by Los Angeles Police Detective Mark Fuhrman. He was later charged with perjury for falsely claiming during the trial that he had not used the word "N..." within 10 years of the trial.
The bloody footprints at the crime scene were identified by FBI shoe expert William Bodziak as having been made by a pair of extremely rare and expensive Bruno Magli shoes, of which it has been reported that only 299 pairs were sold in the United States. The large size 12 prints matched Simpson's shoe size.
Evidence collected by LAPD criminalist Dennis Fung cam under criticism. He admitted to "having missed a few drops of blood on a fence near the bodies," but on the stand he said that he "returned several weeks afterwards to collect them." Fung admitted that the had not used rubber gloves when collecting some of the evidence.
LA Police Detective Phillip Vannatter testified that he saw photographs of press personnel leaning on Simpson's Bronco before evidence was collected.
Aug 28:56 PM
Verdict Despite the convincing evidence presented, O.J. Simpson was found not guilty
This was mainly due to the prosecution pointing out errors made by lab technicians and police officers
In posttrial interview with jurors, a few said O.J. probably did commit the murders, but the prosecution failed to prove the case
In 2006, Simpson wrote a book titled "If I Did It"
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Aug 28:56 PM
Crime Scene Basics
Crime scenes are recent history. They must be documented and analyzed in a way that does not affect the integrity of the crime scene.
Crime scene investigators carefully sift through crime scenes to determine: How and when the crime was committed Who committed the crime Why the crime was committed
Evidence is carefully collected, analyzed and interpreted to tell the story of the events that took place.
Aug 28:56 PM
Important Considerations for Crime Scenes
1. Timing time is of the essence!
2. Plan of attack must be a plan for systematically searching the scene
3. Safety issues
4. Appropriate personal
5. Controlling the scene minimize contamination of evidence. Personal at the scene may also be asked to provide samples
6. Documentation crime scene must be documented thoroughly (labelling location of each piece of evidence), Each piece of evidence must be included in a chain of custody
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Ideal Crime Scene Team
1. Police Officers are first to arrive at a crime scene.
2. Crimescene investigators document the crime scene in detail and collect physical evidence.
3. Medical examiners (coroners) may be necessary to determine the cause of a death when a homicide has occurred.
4. Detectives look for leads by interviewing witnesses and talking to the crimescene investigators about the evidence.
5. Specialists (entomologists, forensic scientists, forensic psychologists) may be consulted if the evidence requires their expertise.
Aug 510:03 PM
Lessons From the JonBenet Ramsey Case
In 1996 homicide investigation of sixyearold JonBenet Ramsey provides valuable lessons in proper crimescene investigation procedures. From this case, we learn how important it is to secure a crime scene. Key forensic evidence can be lost forever without a secure crime scene.
In the Ramsey case, the police in boulder, Colorado, allowed extensive contamination of the crime scene. Police first thought JonBenet had been kidnapped because of a ransom note found by her mother. For this reason, the police did not search the house until seen hours after the family called 911. The firstresponding police officer was investigation the report of the kidnapping. The officer did not think to open the basement door, and so did not discover the murdered body of the girl.
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Aug 510:15 PM
Believing the crime was a kidnapping, the police blocked off JonBenet's bedroom with yellow and black crimescene tape to preserve evidence her kidnapper may have left behind. But they did not seal off the rest of the house, which was also part of the crime scene. Then the victim's father, John Ramsey, discovered his daughter's body in the basement of the home. He covered her body with a blanket and carried her to the living room. In doing so, he contaminated the crime scene and may have disturbed evidence. That evidence might have identified the killer.
Once the body was found, family, friends, and police officers remained close by. The Ramseys and visitors were allowed to move freely around the house. One friend even helped clean the kitchen, wiping down the counters with spray cleaner possibly wiping away evidence. Many hours passed before police blocked off the basement room. A pathologist did not examine the body until more than 18 hours after the crime took place.
Aug 28:56 PM
7 S's of Crime Scene Investigation
1. Securing the scene responsibility of the first responding police officer (first responder). The safety of all individuals is first priority, preservation of evidence is second priority. The officer must keep a security log of all individuals who visit the crime scene.
2. Separating the witnesses witnesses are not allowed to speak to one another. Their accounts of the events will be compared.
3. Scanning the scene this determines where photos should be taken. This may include a primary crime scene and a secondary crime scene. Eg. A robbery in front of a store might be the primary crime scene, and the home of a suspect might be the secondary crime scene.
4. Seeing the scene photos of the overall area and closeup photos with and without a measuring ruler should be taken.
5. Sketching the scene this must be done accurately, noting positions of a body (if any) and any other evidence. All object must be measured from two immovable landmarks. North and South must be indicated, and a scale of distance should be provided (E.G. 1/4" = 3 feet).
6. Searching for evidence a spiral, grid, linear, or quadrant pattern should be walked and location of evidence marked, photographed, and sketched.
7. Securing and collecting evidence all evidence needs to be properly packaged, sealed, and labeled. (Druggist Fold)
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Aug 59:38 PM
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Evidence Chain of Custody
EVIDENCEAgency _______________________________Collected By ___________________________Item # _____________ Case # ____________Date ______________ Time ______________Description __________________________________________________________________Location ___________________________________________________________________Remarks __________________________________________________________________
CHAIN OF CUSTODYReceived from _________________________By ___________________________________Date _______________ Time _____________
Received from _________________________By ___________________________________Date _______________ Time _____________
Received from _________________________By ___________________________________Date _______________ Time _____________
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August 08, 2013
Aug 59:47 PM
Indicate the Error
A dead body and a gun were found in a small room. The room was empty except for a small desk and a chair. The room had two windows, a closet, and a door leading into a hallway. The crimescene sketch artist measured the perimeter of the room and drew the walls to scale. He sketched the approximate position of the dead body and the gun. He sketched the approximate location of the chair and the desk. What did he forget to do?
All objects should be measured from two immovable landmarks. Label north and south and a scale of distance should be provided.