APPLICANT

WASTE STREAM OR PORTION OF A WASTE STREAM

environmental affairs Oep~rtment: Environmental Affairs REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

RISK ASSESSMENT IN TERMS OF REGULATION 8 OF THE WASTE

EXCLUSION REGULATIONS

I ESKOM HOLDINGS soc Ltd---

ESKOM FRESH AND WEATHERED ASH: inclusive of'

Polverised Fly Ash:

Pulverised coal fired boiler ash is a term for ash generated within a power station electricity generation process and

is derived from firing boilers with pulverised coal. The ash is taken from the boiler prior to conditioning. This is the type

of ash that is being considered for beneficial use.

Course_Ash I Bottom Ash:

Bottom ash is part of the non-combustible residue of combustion in a power station. It accumulates and is collected

from the bottom of the boiler and has therefore not gone through a precipitator or filtering process.

Run of Station Ash

The practice of, under Station contingency, having to temporary dump quantities of fly ash in a designated area for

later transportation to the ash dumps.

Page1 of21

,__

BENEFICIAL USEIS Mine Backfilling and the treabnent of Mine Drainage

I ~

WASTE GENERAnNO· FACIU1Y

PHYSICAL POWER STAnON NAME COAlfiELDS Location

ADDRESS OF FACILITY

Arnot PS Witbank Rietkuil, SOkm E of Middleburg

-Camden PS Witbank 15km E of Ermelo

Duvha PS Witbank 15km E of Witbank

Grootvlei PS Wrtbank Near Balfour in Mpumalanga

Hendrina PS Witbank Pullenshope, 40km S Middleburg

KendaiPS Witbank Near Ogles, 40km SW of Witbank

Komati PS Witbank Komati, 37 km from Middleburg

Krlel PS Witbank Between Kriel and Ogles

Lethabo PS free State Between Vereeniging and Sasolburg

Majuba PS Witbank Between Vollcsrust and Amersfort

Matimba PS Waterburg LepHalale

Matta PS Witbank Between Kriel and Secunda

I

Page2 of21

Tutuka PS Witbank 2Skm from St anderton road to Bethal

Medupi PS (Partially operational) Waterburg LepHalale

I Kusile PS (Partially operational) Witbank Nkangala district, Mpumalanga

Kimberley BW Clinker Dump Blankenbergvlei Power StaJiQn Kimberley

I- --Witbank Clinker Dump Witbank

-

GPS CO. ORDINATES OF ]be co-Qrdinates of 111 EskQm Power Stations 1re in~lyded in an ADJ2endix attached to this &J2QiicaliQn.

WASTE THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT "ALL CORNERS .. OF THE WASTE GENERATION FACILITY AS REQUIRED BY THE GENERATING

APPLICATION. SEVERAL CO-ORDINATES ARE REQUIRED TO IDENTIFY THE IRREGULAR SHAPE OF ESKOM ASH FACILITY GENERATING FACILITIES. THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT THE BOUNDARIES OF THE POWER STATION PROPERlY

WHICH WOULD INCLUDE ALL POSSIBLE ASH TAKE OFF SITES

CONTACT il

PERSON --

NAME WARREN FUNSTON

Page3 of21

-I ADDRESS MEGAWATT PARK, MAXWEll DRIVE, SANDTON I - -

EMAIL ADDRESS Warren.funston@eskom.co.za -

TELEPHONE 0118004309

*DETAILED Coal can be defined as an inhomogeneous mixture of numerous types of metamorphosed plant material. Power DESCRIPTION generation in South Africa, largely depends on coal. Most of the coal has been found to be of low quality with a low OF WASTE GENERATING heat value and containing a significant amount of inorganic (incombustible) contaminants, i.e. yielding high ash PROCESS content as a result of coal burning process.

Generally, all the inorganic material is not removed from the coal and becomes an integral part of the carbonaceous

fuel fed to the boiler during the power generation process. The inorganic materials ultimately result in ash contents.

Ash can be described as the dust-like material that results from the combustion of pulverised either hard (bituminous)

coal or brown coal in a wide variety of combustion processes such as power plant furnaces and fluidized bed boilers.

and which is recovered from the flue gas by electrostatic or mechanical precipitation.

-Ash characterlstlon

iflyash CourSl1' ash I

Waste Waste liaza rdc us Why Type Ten userJ lia'lardous Typ~ Test used

-Arnot Yes pH above 11.5 Human Heaith 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS 107311

I Human Health -- -

3 3 camden Yes pH above ll.S Ca >1% Environmental SANS10234 No SANS10234

Page4d21

~ - '--

Duvha Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS 10234 No 3 I SANS10234 ~ ·~ 1---

Grootvlei Yes .pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS10234 No 3 . SANS10234

Hendrina Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS10234

- ~. ~ ~ ---. Kendal Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS 1.0234 No 3 SANS10234

Human Health 3 3

Komatl Yes pH above 11.5 Ca>l% Environmental SANS 10234 No SANS 10234

f- - -Kriel Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS1Dn4 N.o 3 SANS10234

Kusile

1- -Lethabo N·o 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS10234

- - !-Majuba Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health I 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS 10234

- --f-· Matimba Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health I 3 SANS 10234 N.o 3 SANS 10234

-Mat Ia Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health I 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS10234

r - -Medupl No 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS10234

- - -Tutuka Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS10234

- - - - -- --

PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW YESX NO CHART ATTACHED

Page5of21

~

WASTE HAZARDOUS WASTE X GENERAL WASTE CLASSIFICATION - -- - -- --

INO ,_

SANS 10234: REPORT ON RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT ATTACHED YESX

-- -*A process flow chart must be attached to the process description - -

RISK ASSESSEMENT

Page7of21

I Activity Risk Description Environmental Assessment of Criteria Significance

Receptor

~ CD - 't:l c - :c :E 0

0 C'CS c: ~ ..! C'CS J:l C) l! Q. 0 C'CS

E ... ~ 5 ~ - _n. Dust generated in large quantities Nearby botanical L 1 2 1 1 4

during the on and I or offloading species including

might contaminate nearby natural agricultural crops.

botanical species and agricultural Nearby natural crops by settling on the plant leaves,

stems or flowers. {groundwater or

In large quantities, ash dust might surface water) or man-made water sources or Transport of setUe on water body surfaces and water bodies Fly Ash. be ingested by aquatic vertebrates

and invertebrates. Vertebrate or

~ugh ash has been shown to invertebrate aquatic

increase the pH of the soil, certain life

soils might be contaminated with Air pollution

large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

Soil Pollution

Pagelof21

Accidental spillages during loading Nearby botanical L 4 4 1 1 24 and unloading of vehicles. Dust will spe~ies including be less of a factor in the handling of agricultural crops. course I bottom ash. Spillages during the on and I or offloading Nearby natural might contaminate nearby natural (groundwater or

Transport of botanical species and agricultural surface water) or man-

Bottom I crops by settling on the plant leaves, made water sources or

course ash stems or flowers. water bodies

Although ash has been shown to Vertebrate or increase the pH of the soil, certain invertebrate aquatic soils might be contaminated with life large and continuous deposition of ash spillage Soil Pollution

Spillage of ash or water containing Nearby botanical L 1 -8 2 2 12 ash from the transport vehicles on. species including route to the ash users. Dust agricultural crops. generated in large quantities during the on and I or omoading might Nearby natural contaminate nearby natural {groundwater or botanical species and agricultural surface water) or man-

Transport of crops by settling ori the plant leaves, made water sources or stems or flowers. water bodies all Ash In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and Vertebrate· or be ingested by aquatic vertebrates invertebrate aquatic and invertebrates. life

Although ash has been shown to Air pollution increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated wit~oil Pollution

Pagelof21

large and continuous deposition of 1 ash dust.

Vehicles in poor condition or Nearby botanical L 1 8 2 3 13 inadequate to transport ash will species including facilitate uncontrolled spillages of agricultural crops. ash. Dust generated In large quantities during the on and I or Nearby natural offloading might contaminate nearby (groundwater or natural botanical species and surface water) or man-

Transport of agricultural crops by settling on the made water sources or all Ash . plant leaves, stems or flowers. water bodies . Compliance In large quantities, ash dust might of vehicle to settle on water body surfaces and Vertebrate or Road traffic be ingested by aquatic vertebrates invertebrate aquatic Act and invertebrates. life

Although ash has been shown to Air pollution I

increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with Soil Pollution mrge and continuous deposmon of ash dust.

Soil contamination by ash stored at Natural and man-made L 1 6 2 1 9 the user facility. Fresh Fly ash will surface water. bodies be stored in tankerS or closed bins I and Groundwater. containers and it remains Soil contamination

Storage of improbable that any contamination Ash will occur.

Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and

~

Page 10of21

Storage Ash

Storage Ash

of

invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers. Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain_ soils might be contaminated ash spillages.

Groundwater contamination by ash Natural and man-made L stored at the user facility. Fresh Fly surface water bodies ash will be stored in tankers _or and Groundwater. closed bins I containers and it remains improbable that any contamination will occur

Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers

Surface water conlamination by ash Natural and man-made I L storage at the user facility. Fresh surface water bodies Fly ash will be stored in tankers or and

of closed bins I containers and it remains improbable that any

1 4 2

2 2 2

contamination will occur L I Ash spillages in liquid form could ~ontaminate water bodies and be __ _,___ _ ___.___ -'-

1 7

1 10

Page 11 of21

detrimental to vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers.

Potential for Leachate contaminants may be Soil, Land and water L 1 2 2 1 5

stockpiled transported by stormwater runoff pollution

ash to into nearby drainage lines, streams

generate and rivers resulting in secondary

leachate impacts. They may also percolate

during into the groundwater resulting in

rainfall secondary impacts on the aquifer.

1-

Construction Ash facilities which are poor1y Health impacts to staff, L 1 6 3 1 10

and design of ventilated will cause possible heaHh handlers and workers

an ash impacts. Poorty ventilated ash of ash

handellng workplaces will likely result in health

and/ or symptoms and skin and dermal

storage irritations associated with ash

facility particle ingestion.

Construction Ash facilities dose to natural water Soil pollution L 1 4 2 1 7

and design of bodies will cause possible soil or Water Pollution

ash water contamination. Spillage or an

dust blown particles if in large handellng and/ or

enough quantities might

storage contaminate natural and man-made

facility surface water bodies.

Page 12 of21

Uncontrolled access to ash facilities L 1 6 2 2 19 will lead to non-compliance to the controls of the Risk Management

Access Plan. Unsupervised spillage or Soil pollution Control to dust blown particles if in large Water Pollution Ash facilities enough quantities, might

contaminate natural and man-made surface water bodies.

t-Dust generated during loading and I Nearby - -botamcal L 1 2 1 1 4 unloading of vehicles. species including Spillage of ash material or slurry. Dust ge.nerated in large quantities

agricultural crops.

during the on and I or otfloading Nearby natural might contaminate nearby natural (groundwater or botanical species and agricultural surface water) or man-

Handling of crops by settling on the plant leaves, made water sources or Ash on site I stems or flowers. water bodies Extraction of In large quantities, ash dust might Ash I On and settle on water b'?dY surfaces and Vertebrate or off loading of be ingested by aquatic vertebrates invertebrate aquatic Ash and invertebrates. life

Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

- ~· -'-

Page 13of21

Emergency or unplanned event

Storm water management

Loss of containment with potential impacts to air, soil, ground and surface water. In an emergency or unplanned event, dust generated in large quantities might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

~ough ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

The inadequate management of stormwater on site will allow discharge of contaminated water to the environment. Ash contaminated effluent or stonnwater if diverted into water bodies, may be hannful if ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

Nearby botanical L species including agricultural crops.

Nearby natural (groundwater or surface water) or man­made water sources or water bodies

Vertebrate or invertebrate aquatic life

Natural surface and L ground water aquifers

Man-made water bodies

1 2 12

1 6 2 2 10

Page14of21

I

Leaching of ash elements

Production of secondary waste

The chemical reaction of ash particles with natural elements in the surrounding soil and water could lead to the leaching of harmful metals into the environment. The leaching of harmful metals from ash will be toxic to all vertebrate and invertebrate life in the soil substrate and water bodies. The negative effect will likely be extended to the health of ,the soils and the botanical biodiversity of the area.

The treatment of AMD with ash will result in the formation of secondary sludge which will require proper disposal. Improper disposal could lead to the contamination of soil, surface and ground water

Soil structures, L geology, surface and ground water pathways and aquifers

Soil poll uti on Surface water and ground water pollution

L

1

2

SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS: Posltive spin offs at risk should ash beneficiation not be posslbl~

+

Job creation Increase in job creation for unskilled to semiskilled workforce in Local economy vulnerable communities.

2 2 1 5

4 2 2 16

Page 15 of21

I

Small business development

The low cost of ash and the relaxation of some of the Norms and Local economy

Community based projects

Standards will promote small business development

The low cost of ash and the relaxation of some of the Norms and Local economy Standards may empower vulnerable communities to participate in projects. Eskom assistance may also promote comm4J1ity based projects.

ACCOUNTING FOR ASH BENEFICIATED •cRADLE TO GRAVE PRINCIPLE•

+

+

Eskom anticipate that ash material for soil ameliorant will be supplied via an interim offtaker. The generator retains the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that the waste is handled, stored, transported and disposed of according to the legislation and in an environmentally sound and responsible manner. The law requires that all producers of waste account for the volumes produced and recycled until the waste is properly disposed of or beneficiated into a product fit for use. The following systems will be used to account for the ash recycled from Eskom's Power Station:

• Bottom ash - Eskom uses weighbridge solution at each loading point to capture the ash volumes taken.

• Fly ash • Off takers have installed their own weighbridges solution which will also be integrated into Eskom bottom ash weighbridge solution in order to centralise the volume database and provide consolidated r~orting.

• Mixed ash - Eskom uses weighbridge solution at each loading point to capture the ash volumes taken.

Page 11 of21

Notwithstanding the current weighbridge solutions Eskom will continue to review the use of other means of accounting for ash volumes including: ·

• front end-loaders with load cells, • Standard Cubic Meter Unit Weigh Method

SUPPORT FOR PREVIOUSLY DISADVANTAGED COMPANIES.

As a state-owned entity we are conscious of the socio-economic challenges that the country is facing and we are building

partnerships with relevant stakeholders to address the poverty challenge. We have active communication channels with OPE, DEA,

DTI, MPG, MEGA, etc. to explore various economic opportunities in the form of jobs and businesses through the ash and gypsum

programme.

We currently have a number of companies from previously disadvantaged groups that we are supporting to meet the legislative

requirements in order to establish their operations where ash is us~d as an input raw material in their operations as coal ash has

been classified as a hazardous waste, and therefore a waste management license or an equivalent is required. Waste

management license when done on an individualised basis will take up to 24 months and cost R200k and this was serving as a

barrier to entry for the interested previously-disadvantaged owned entitles. Through partnership with DEA Eskom is able to facilitate

and extend Eskom's section 7 4 exemption to these companies. Our database shows we have 40 companies on the process of

getting their section 74 exemption licenses. 14 of these companies have already successfully obtained their license and

established their operations resulting in 19 direct jobs have been created as a result of the ash programme.

The following template will be used for reporting purposes of socio economic and tonnages moved:

Page 17of21

- TypeOt-; u~ -- --- - l l Off- Power ! Monthly BEE ! Black L Sub- Direct taker Station l-Ash

I Tonna1es Level I Ownership c:antractlng Jobs :.............. j c~

I [ I _ j _ __L_ L _I L __ ]

__,_ --- .-4- - --

The following factors and criteria must be used to assess the Impacts of the activities:

Criteria IIAGNI'JUDE tSavQntyJ DURAl10N

10- Verv hiah 5- Permanent 1lonp than 10 1.£',.) ~~ 4- Lnno-tenn t5 to 10 )'P.inl

&-Moderate 3 - MediurrHerln J!2 monlhs to 5 ~Clnl 4-Low J:{ -Shalt-term 10 to 12 monlhl l 2-Minor 1 - Immediate

SCALE PROBABIUTY IUiwllhoodl ~ntemational - 5- Definite

4-Natlonal 4- Hirlht'/ rJ(ObDble 3 ...:-~tlional 3- Mecllm rrtbabllll\l ~Local

1 -Slteonh 2 - Low r robabllill__ 1 -Improbable

0-None 0-None

M-s.nltude Magnitude measun. the size of the Impact

Durdon Duration refers to the llfallrne of the Impact I.e. how lo~ it willlaat

SC:.Ie The scale refers to the extant of the impact, i.e. will the Impact be fel at the local, regional, global scale and so.

Probability The probabUity refers to the chance of Impact to occur. The potential impact cauld be most lkely to oa:ur, lrikely, etc.

Assessm!!JI gf Sii!Dificanca Ill lm!H!!it

Significance raang of the potential impacta llustrataa the i'nportanca of the I1J11Bd iiBelf. 1be alze of araa afl'acled by pollution may be extremely high but the significance of this etract i5 dependant on the concenlratlon or level of pollution in that area. In order to determine lhe !Significance of impact, the following method waa used:

Significance Points (SP) = (Magnitude + Duration + Scale} x Probabllty

Page 11 of21

The valuea of SP are then ranged 11 follows:

Rating Dncrtptlon

SP >10 ---,--,1,-nd-::-lca--:-tes--:-hl:-gh::--anvironme- --nta....,......,.I-1--AII,---,.Impad---:-which..,...,. could inftuancalhe decision about

significance whether or not to proceed with the activities regardless of any possible nitigation.

SP30- 80 Indicates moderatll environmental significance

SP<30

+ ~~:n:w environmental

- -- ~ltlve Impact

- ·--

An impact or benefit which is sufticiently importa~ require management and which could have an inftuence on the decision urea it is mitigated.

Impacts with little real effect and which wiU not have an inlkJenc:e on or require modification of the adivilies.

An Impact 1hat is likely to 1'811un in positive consequences/effects

Page 19 of21

I I I, WGS FUNSTON hereby declare that I have read the completed the Risk Assessment fonn and hereby confirm that the infonnation is to the best of my knowledge true and correct.

Furthermore, I declare that I am fully aware of my responsibilities in tenns of the Waste Exclusion Regulations, and that failure to comply with these Regulations may constitute an offence in terms of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act 59 of 2008).

Applicant (Full names) ESKOM HOLDINGS SOC Ltd

Designation Manager: Biodiversity and Waste

Signature

Date 20 September 2018 Place JHB

!FOR OFFICE USE ONLY

I Date Received

DeciSion Taken Authorised I Not Authorised( provide reasons)

. ' Reference Number

Page 20 of21

environmental affairs Department: Environmental Affairs REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN IN TERMS OF REGULATION 10 OF WASTE EXCLUSION REGULATONS

I APPLICANT

SOURCE(S) OF . WASTE

I ESKOM HOlDINGS soc ltd

Eskom Coal fired Power Stations

----------~------

WASTETO BE BENEFICIATED

Pulverised Fly Ash:

Pulverised coal fired boiler ash is a. term for ash generated within a power station electricity generation process and is derived from firing boilers with pulverised coal. The ash is taken from the boiler prior to conditioning. This is the type of ash that is being considered for beneficial use .

. Course Ash I Bottom Ash :

Bottom ash is part of the non-combustible residue of combustion in a power station. It accumulates and is collected from the bottom of the boiler and has therefore not gone through a precipitator or filtering process.

Run of Station Ash

The practice of, under Station contingency, having to temporary dump quantities of fly ash in a designated area for later transportation to the ash dumps.

~------------~--

BENEFICIAL USEIS

Mine backfilling and the treatment of Acid Mine Drainage

-MSDS ATTACHED YES NO IF HAZARDOUS X

WASTE GENERATING FACILITY

Page 1 of 20

POWER STATION NAME COALFIELDS LOCitlon

AmotPS Witbank Rletkuil, SOlem E of Middleburg

Camden PS Witbank 1Skm E of Ermelo

Duvha PS Witbank 1Skm E of Witbank

Grootvlei PS Witbank Near Balfour In Mpumalanga

Hendrlna PS Witbank Pullenshope, 40km S Middleburg

KendaiPS Witbank Near Ogles, 40km SW of

Witbank

Komatl PS Witbank Komati, 37 km from Middleburg

krlel PS Witbank Between Kriel and Ogles

Lethabo PS Free State Between Vereeniging and

Sasolburg

Majuba PS Witbank Between Volksrust and

Amersfort

PHYSICAL ADDRESS

Matimba PS Waterburg LepHalale

Matla PS Witbank Between Kriel and Secunda

Tutuka PS Witbank 25km from Standerton road to

Bethal

Medupi PS (Partially Waterburg LepHalale operational)

Witbank Nkangala district, Mpumalanga

Kusile PS (Partially operational)

~

Kimberley BW Clinker Blankenbergvlel Power Station

Dump Kimberley

r-Witbank Clinker Dump Witbank

P1ge 2af20

GPS CO­ORDINATES OF WASTE GENERATING FACILITY (e.g. 60° 29' 30" Latitude; 340 20' 15" Longitude)

POSTAL ADDRESS

CONTACT PERSON

TELEPHONE

EMAIL ........

------------------------------ --The co-ordinates of all Eskom Power Stations are included in an Appendix attached to this application.

THE CO-oRDINATES REPRESENT uALL CORNERS" OF THE WASTE GENERATION FACILITY AS REQUIRED BY THE

APPLICATION. SEVERAL CO-oRDINATES ARE REQUIRED TO IDENTIFY THE IRREGULAR SHAPE OF ESKOM ASH

GENERATING FACILITIES. THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT THE BOUNDARIES OF THE POWER STATION PROPERTY

WHICH WOULD INCLUDE ALL POSSIBLE ASH TAKE OFF SITES

P. 0. Box 1091, Johannesburg 2000

Warren Funston

011 800 ~ 4039 ·CELL:

Warren. funston@eskom .co.za FAX:

Page 3of20

RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN

[ Actilfity

Transport of Fly Ash.

Transport of Bottom I course ash

Rlsk Description

Dust generated In large quantities during the on and I or offloading might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and Invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to Increase the pH of the soli, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust ..

Accidental spillages during loading and unloading of vehicles. Dust will be less of a factor in the handling of course I bottom ash. Spillages during the on and I or offloading might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers.

Aclion(s) to minlmlsil martage the risk

Fly ash must be transported in tankers or sealed bins I containers.

PPE in the form of dust masks and eye protection must be worn. Dust suppression should be carried out at point of load and unload of ash. Ash should be packaged in bags to minimise dust generation.

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

All transport vehicles for course ash, bottom ash and run of station ash must have load bins and must be covered with a tightly fitted tarpaulin.

All Ash should undergo dust suppression at point of loading. Vehicles must be

Although ash has been shown to serviced regularly and increase the pH of the soli, have their service certain soils might be records available.

I contaminated with large and Vehicles should be continuous deposition of ash checked for areas of spillage potential spillage.

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building

ResponslbiUty (Who Is responsible to do 11)

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Ash transporter

I and/ or ash offtaker

Page 4of20

Transport of all Ash

Transport of all Ash: Compliance of vehicle to Road traffic Act

l and training of staff -~ must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response I plans.

----l'------

Spillage of ash or water containing ash from the transport

I vehicles on route to the ash users. Dust generated In large quantities during the on and I or offloading might · contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and Invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be­contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

A pre start inspection of all vehicles should be completed periodically to ensure road worthiness.

Vehicles must comply to SABS 1518 "Transportation of dangerous goods" and have on board the MSOS for the ash being transponed.

Equipment for emergency events must be available on vehicles. Wheelie bins for example with berms, brooms. and spades must be on the vehicle.

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks a"nd response plans.

1 Vehicles in poor condition or A pre start inspection of inadequate to transport ash will all vehicles should be facilitate uncontrolled spillages of ash. Dust generated in large quantities during the on and I or offloadlng might contaminate

completed periodically to ensure road worthiness.

nearby natural botanical species Vehicles must comply to

I and agricultural crops by settling SABS 1518 " on the plant leaves, stems or Transportation of · flowers. dangerous goods" and In large quantities, ash dust might have on board the

. settle on water body surfaces and MSOS for the ash being be Ingested by aquatic transported.

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

I Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

-

vertebrates and invertebrates. I Equipment for emergency events must -------------------J

Page I of20

Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soli, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

be available on vehicles

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

~------ ------------1 Fly ash to be stored in

sllos- Couse ash must be stored on a concrete surface which Is bunded wlth bricked cement to a height effective to

Soil contamination by ash stored contain all the ash. Ash

Storage of Ash

at the user facility. Fresh Fly ash may only be stored on will be stored in tankers or dosed this lined and bunded bins I containers and It remains area. AJI ash to be improbable that any covered during storage. contamination will occur.

Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and

I invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers. Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated ash spillages.

Clean and dirty water must be kept separate to limit contamination of water.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and deaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff

Ash transporter and I or ash offtaker

must be completed to -l.------~ L_ ____ L_ _________ ~~~--

Pagel of20

raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Ash must be stored on a Ash transporter

concrete surface which is bunded with bricked

and/ or ash

cement to a height offtaker

effective to contain all

Groundwater contamination by the ash. Ash may only

ash stored at the user facility. be stored on this lined

Fresh Fly ash will be stored in and bunded area. Clean

tankers or closed bins I and dirty water must be

containers and It remains kept separate to limit

I improbable that any contamination of water.

contamination will occur Any large spillages of

Ash spillages in liquid form could ash, dirty water or ash Storage of contaminate water bodies and be material must be Ash detrimental to vertebrate and reported to the

invertebrate aquatic life.· Generator. Such spills

In extreme cases, natural vectors must be attended too

could convey contaminated and cleaned as a matter water to groundwater aquifers of urgency (within 48

hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Surface water contamination by Fly ash must be stored Ash transporter

ash storage at the user facility. In silo's or similar sealed and/ or ash

Fresh Fly ash will be stored In containers. offtaker

tankers or closed bins I containers and it remains Any spillages of ash, improbable that any dirty water or ash contamination will occur material must be

Storage of reported to the

Ash Ash spillages in liquid form could Generator. Such spills contaminate water bodies and be must be attended too detrimental to · vertebrate and and cleaned as a matter invertebrate aquatic life. of urgency (within 48 In extreme cases, natural vectors hours). could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers. The relevant tool box

I talks, capacity building and training of staff

Page 7 of20

.--------r------------, must be completed to

raise awareness of the risks and response plans. Storage area to be Inspected weekly to check Integrity of the

structu::.:.r-=-e--=-----1 ~-----+------------r Ash to be stored In a

Potential for stockpiled ash to generate leachate during rainfall

Construction and design of an ash handling and/ or storage facility

Ash facilities with poorly constructed stormwater drain systems could discharge dirty water to the environment.

formal storage area which Is bunded Ensure physical separation ofthe dirty and clean stormwater drains. Esnure construction of the faclllzy directs all dirty stormwater drains to a containment area I pltordam. Storage area to be Inspected weekly to check Integrity of the structure All ash handling and storage facilities must be adequately ventilated and ash handlers Issued with the appropriate PPE (particularly masks and gloves).

Ash facilities which are poorly contaminated water to ventilated will cause possible be managed from health Impacts. Poorly leaving the site. ventilated ash workplaces will

likely result in health symptoms Any spillages of ash, and skin and dermal Irritations dirty water or ash associated with ash particle material must be Ingestion. reported to the

Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

-Ash Offtaker

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff l must be com~eted .:.:to:...___L_ _____ _,

Page 8 ofZO

raise awareness of the risks and response plans. I On and off loading areasi-­

Ash transporter

Construction and design of an ash · handling and/ or storage facility

Access Control to Ash facilities

Ash facilities close to natural water bodies will cause possible soil or water contamination. Spillage or dust blown particles if in large enough quantities, might contaminate natural and man­made surface water bodies.

Uncontrolled access to ash facilities will lead to non compliance to the controls of the Risk Management Plan. Unsupervised: spillage or dust blown particles if in large enough quantities, might contaminate natural and man-made surface water bodies.

are required to be appropriately bunded and lined. All contaminated water from vehicle washing and wheel washing must be contained.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Gen~rator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours)·.

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Relevant PPE must be worn by all employees when handling ash. Site access must be controlled and warning signs must be visible at the access point . Access to the ash facility as well as on and off loading areas must be controlled via a register, ledger or similar control mechanism.

All ash handling and storage facilities must have adequate sign age.

and/ or ash offtaker

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Handling of Dust generated during loading Ash must only be Ash on site 1 and unloading of vehicles. handled within the lined Ash transporter I

--------------------------~--------- and/orash

Pagel of20

Extraction of Ash/ On and off loading of Ash

Emergency or unplanned event

Spillage of ash material or slurry. Dust generated in large quantities during the on and I or offloading might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

and bunded area.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box Although ash has been shown to talks, capacity building inaease the pH of the soli, and training of staff certain soils might be must be completed to contaminated with large and raise awarene~s of the continuous deposition of ash risks and response dust. plans.

Loss of containment with potential Impacts· to air, soil, ground and surface water. In an emergency or unplanned event, dust generate~ I~ large quantities might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be Ingested by aquatic vertebrates and Invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to lnaease the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

The inadequate management of

Site to have an emergency response plan In place inclusive of appropriate equipment such as control and clean up diversion berms.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Su~h spills must ~e attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Stonn water stormwater on site will allow All dirty areas should be separated from clean water areas, where dirty storm water is 1

management discharge of contaminated water to the environment. Ash

------------~--

offtaker

f----------l

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Ash transporter and/ or ash

1 offtaker

Page10of20

Leaching of ash elements

contaminated effluent or J collected within a dirty stormwater if diverted Into water water dam for reuse as bodies, may be harmful If dust suppressant and ingested by aquatic vertebrates for evaporation. and invertebrates.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity buil~ing and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Ash Is only prone to leaching In highly acidic

The chemical reaction of ash environments. Any particles with natural elements in spillages of ash, dirty the surrounding soil and water water or ash material could lead to the leaching of I must be reported to the harmful metals into the Generator. Such spills environment. The leaching of must be attended too harmful metals from ash will be and cleaned as a matter toxic to all vertebrate and of urgency (within 48 Invertebrate life in the soil hours).

I

substrate and water bodies. The negative effect will likely be The relevant tool box extended to the health of the talks, capacity building soils and the botanical and training of staff biodiversity of the area. must be completed to

raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

I The treatment of AMD with ash

p d ti f will result in the formation of ro uc on ° secondary sludge which will

Sludge from the treatment of AMD must be classified for proper

secondary require proper disposal. waste ' Improper disposal could lead to

the contamination of soil, surface and ground water

disposal. Sludge (unless otherwise classified) must be disposed of at a

I Ash transporter and I or ash offtaker

Ash offtaker

registered hazardous ----------------~

Page11 Of20

Decommisslo nlng of site

Without a decommissioning plan a non active site may lead to ash spillages or contamination of surrounding air, soil and water. In the scenario of an abandoned site, dust generated In large quantities might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and cause harm If ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates. In severe cases, an abandoned site might eventually contaminate groundwater at the site. Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

waste disposal site . I

Sites must have a plan associated for the decommissioning phase to ensure zero post operations Impacts. Funds should be set aside for decommissioning during the life of the project.

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Ash offtaker

I f---,S~O:-:C,.,...lO~--::-EC=-o:--N~OMIC RISKS:

Positive spin offs at risk should ash beneficiation not be possible:

Job creation

Small business development

1 This Is a positive spin off 1 E kom d Increase in job creation for of ash beneficiation and

0s rt an t f

unskilled to semiskilled workforce should be maximised. E e~a men tol In vulnerable communities. nv•ronmen a

Affairs

This is a positive spin off The low cost of ash and the f h b efl

1 . d Eskom and

relaxation of some of the Norms 0 has ld ben c ~tJ~n ;n Department of and Standards will promote sm~ll s ou e max mJse · Environmental

f--- -----.-b-usiness development ~ffairs The low cost of ash and the This ~ a pos;tl~e .spin °: Eskom and relaxation of some of the Norms 0~ asld bbene ICJ~t•~n:n Department of and Standards may empower s ou e max mJse • Environmental

Community based projects

vulnerable communities to Affairs participate In projects. Eskom assistance may also promote community based projects.

Page12of20

DECLARATION

I, W G S FUNSTON hereby declare that I have read the completed Risk Management fonn and hereby confirm that the information is to the best of my knowledge true and correct.

Furthermore, I declare that I am fully aware of my responsibilities in terms of the Waste Exclusion Regulations, and that failure to comply with these Regulations may constitute an offence in terms of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act 59 of 2008).

Applicant (Full names) WARREN FUNSTON

Designation MANAGER: BIODIVERSITY AND WASTE

Signature

I

I Dme 20 September 2018

I FOR OFFICE USE ONLy

Date Received l Decision Taken Authorised

1 Not authorised

I (provide reason)

l;ference rnber

Place JHB

I

Page13 ofaO

Material Safety Data sheet for fly ash and bottom ash

The categories of Information supplied on this MSOS are as stipulated in SANS 10234 and SANS/ISO 11014

section 1: Product and company Identification

Product Unclassified fly ash Alternative names Pulverised fuel ash, PFA, Fly ash

Physical appearance and description Fly ash: Fly ash Is a fine, grey comprised of mostly spherical glass particles produced In the

combustion of pulverised coal In power s:tation boilers. It has no odour. Bottom ash: Bottom ash is a similar product formed of larger particles, which are not released to

the flue gas.

Formulation The basic alumina-silicate form is not altered in the handling process.

Supplier/Manufacturer Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd 1Maxwell Drive Sunnlnghill Sandton PO Box 1091 Johannesburg 2000

Arnot Power Station Camden Power Station Ouvha Power Station Grootvlel Power Station Hendrlna Power Station Kendal Power Station Komatl Power Station Krlel Power Station Lethabo Power Station Majuba Power Station Matlmba Power Station Matla Power Station Tutuka Power Station Medupl Power Station Kuslle Power Station

Page 14of20

Section 2: Composition/ingredients

Fly ash is compris·ed of mostly silicon (Si02) and aluminium oxides (Al20 3) in the form of alumina­silicate amorphous spheres. It also contains minor amounts of iron (Fe203), calcium (CaO), titanium (Ti02) and magnesium (MgO) oxides.

Section 3: Hazards Identification

Identification Fly ash is a fine grey power that poses little immediate hazard. Short term exposure is not likely to cause harm. labelling and classification complies with SANS 10234

NB- Fly ash Is alkaline and if wet may Irritate the skin.

Fly ash contains small amounts of crystalline silica. Any activity causing dust should be minimised.

Cardnogen potential- OHSA and IARC to not list fly ash as a carcinogen

Effects of eye contact Airborne dust may cause immediate of delayed irritation and inflammation.

Effect of skin contact Fly ash may cause dry skin and irrltation.depending on the conta.ct time.

Effect of inhalation Inhalation of the dust may cause irritation of the nose, throat and/or lungs depending on the degree of exposure.

Effect of Ingestion Small quantities of fly ash are not known to be harmful. large volumes will Irritate the digestive tract.

Section 4: First aid measures

Skin Contact Wash the· affected area with soap and water. If any Irritation occurs get medical attention.

Eye contact Flush the eyes with large amounts of water. If any irritation occurs get medical attention.

Inhalation Move the affected person to fresh air. If the nose or airways become Inflamed get medical attention.

Ingestion Do not induce vomiting. Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and give the person water to drink. If any discomfort is experienced get medical attention.

Section 5: Fire and explosion hazard data

Page 16of2D

Flash point: Non-flammable I Non explosive

Flammable (Explosive Limits% Vol): Not applicable

Unusual Fire and Explosive Hazards: None

Special Flre-flshtlns Procedures: None

Section 6: Accidental release measures

Methods of deanlns Vacuum spilled material and place in a bag or container. Spray with a small amount of water to facilitate handling and minimise dust formation. Do not wash down drains.

Environmental precautions Prevent fly ash from entering surface water (water course or dams)

Section 7: Handling and storage

Handling Avoid accldental formation of ash dust. Vacuum any spills and dampen dean-up remains.

Page18of20

Storage Store dry In bags (preferably on pallets) or in containers or bulk silos

Engulfment hazard To prevent burial or suffocation do not enter any confined space that houses fly ash. Fly ash can adhere and build up on walls in a confined space.

Section 8: Exposure controls and Personal Protection

Skin Protection Wear impervious clothing, boots and gloves and a barrier cream, if possible, to limit prolonged exposure to fly ash. Wash as soon as possible after any exposure.

Respiratory protection Use local or general ventilation to control exposure. Use suitable dust masks/respirators in poorly ventilated areas.

Eye Protection Wear safety glasses with side shields If there Is a risk of dust formation during handling.

Ingestion Small amounts of fly ash are not known to be harmful.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) The following PPE is recommended when working with fly ash.

Section 9: Physical and chemical properties

Appearance: fine, grey powder

Odour: No distinct odour

pH: 11.0 (>8 in water)

Boiling point: Not applicable

Melting point: Not applicable (>1250°C)

Vapour density: Not applicable

Flash poln~: Not applicable (non-volatile)

Page 17of20

Solubility in water: Slightly

Specific G ravlty: 2.0-2.5

Chemical analyses:

Unclassified Fly ash I %Tested

LOI 0.4-7.8

SiOz . 50.6-60.0 I Ala OJ 25.3-33.3 FE a OJ 3.2-6.4 TiOz 1.5-1.9 I PzOs 0.37-1.07 CaO 3.1-8.2

~0 0.6-2.1 NaaO 0.1-0.9 KzO 0.6~

sol -t 0.2-1.2 MnO 0.01-0.03

Page18of20

Section 10: Stability and reactivity

Stability: . Stable under normal room temperature and conditions. No hazardous combustion decomposition products.

Reactivity Will form lumps with long term exposure to moisture. WIIJ react violently with bromine trlflourlde, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride and phosphorOus.

Section 11: Toxicological Information

No toxicological disease or condition reported to date.

Inhalation of mlcrosilica dust is considered to entail minimal risk of silicosis.

Section 12: Ecological information

Environmental effects are limited unless large quantities are Involved.

Eco-toxlclty: No recognised unusual toxicity to plants and animals

Aquatic toxicity: Non-toxic In low quantities. Large volumes will cause an Increase in pH above 12, which will result In the death of aquatic life.

Section 13: Disposal considerations

There are no residues from using the product. Do not wash down drains Disposal in landfill suitable for building rubble or dispose on existing Eskom ash dumps (prior arrangement).

Section 14: Transport Information

Fly ash Is not considered hazardous for the purpose of transportation.

As fly ash (PFA) is not hazardous cargo it does not have a UN number.

Section 15: Regulatory Information

The classification of ash is required In accordance with GR 634 of the NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACT, 2008 (ACT NO. 59 OF 2008), WASTE CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS which prescribe the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) of dassificatlon and labelling of chemicals, as represented in South African National Standard SANS 10234:2008 Ed 1.1.

Section 16: Other Information

Prepared by: Eskom Research, Testing and Demonstration

Page18 of20

Approved by: Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd

Approval date/ revision date: December 2014/ as required by legislative changes

Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd believes that the Information contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet to be accurate and up to date. The Information is offered In good faith but Eskom Holdings SCO Ltd does not assume liability for the use of the Information. The Information Is not Intended to be legal advice.

Page20of20