October 19, 2015 Dr. Andrew Rawicz, Steve Whitmore School ...whitmore/courses/ensc305/projects/2015/wfunc.pdf · Dr. Andrew Rawicz, Steve Whitmore School of Engineering Science Simon

© 2015, KACC & Co.

October 19, 2015

Dr. Andrew Rawicz, Steve Whitmore

School of Engineering Science

Simon University University

Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6

Re: ENSC 305W/440 Functional Specification for KACC Folding Machine

Dear Dr. Rawicz, Whitmore,

Please accept the following document as the functional specification for KACC Folding

Machine. We aim to design a machine that can help people to fold their clothes

automatically. Our design consists of different mechanism in order to achieve the goal and

make people life easier.

The purpose of this functional specification is to provide an overview of the functionality

requirements for our project. This document will be our guideline of our product.

KACC & Co. is formed with four talented, creative fourth-year engineering students: Jiahe

Zhou, Ka Chun Wong, Zhiyong Weng, Minchao Chen. If you have any questions or concerns

about our functional specification, please feel free to contact me by phone at 604-780-3709

or by e-mail, [email protected].

Yours Sincerely,

Ka Chun Wong

Chief Financial Officer

KACC & Co.

Enclose: Functional Specification for KACC Folding Machine

© 2015, KACC & Co.

Functional

Specification for KACC

Folding Machine

Project Crew:

KA CHUN ALLEN WONG

JIAHE KEVIN ZHOU

MINCHAO CHARLIE CHEN

ZHIYONG CHARLES WENG

Contact Information:

KA CHUN ALLEN WONG

[email protected]

Submitted to:

ANDREW RAWICZ - ENSC 440W

STEVE WHITMORE - ENSC 305W

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE

SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY

Date of Issue:

OCTOBER.19, 2015

Revision Number:

V2.3

© 2015, KACC & CO. II

Executive summery

KACC idea comes from daily observation of the young generation. They transfer their clothes

from chair to bed in the morning and put them back at night. The untidiness bring along several

negative impact such as disorganized, less productive, etc. Therefore, an automatic folding

machine is needed. It can save people times from performing repetitive work. People can also

work on other different task during that time.

The needs of automated devices increase year after year. Everyone now uses washing

machine instead of hand washing. However, folding machines are not seen in household

environment. Clothes folding machines are only used in some industries such as hotel, clothes

manufacturers. The reason behind that is the machine occupies a huge area. It requires

complicated mechanism and costs over a thousand dollars. This makes the folding machines

less attractive to the family users.

The development of KACC Folding Machine will be done in three stages. In the first stage,

KACC Folding Machine will be built based on the main functionality, which includes the

fetching, stretching, folding and dispensing mechanism. Our team will optimize the machine

and upgrade the user interface in the second stage. Upon the completion of the second stage,

we decide to include more types of clothes that can be folded by KACC Folding Machine and

a folding procedure customization settings to the user.

This document outlines the functional requirements for each component of KACC Folding

Machine. These requirements are to ensure proper functionality, quality, and safety of KACC

Folding Machine. User documentations are provided and labels are located on the machine

to prevent confusion and improper use. The document is a guidelines for the designers,

developers, and quality analysts and future requirements update may be presented.

© 2015, KACC & CO.

Table of Contents

Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... II

List of figures and Tables ............................................................................................................. IV

Glossary...................................................................................................................................... IV

1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................. 1

1.2 Intended Audience ......................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Classification .................................................................................................................................. 1

2. System Requirements ............................................................................................................... 2

2.1 General Requirement .................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Physical Requirement .................................................................................................................... 3

2.3 Electrical Requirement................................................................................................................... 3

2.4 Mechanism Requirement .............................................................................................................. 4

2.5 Environment Requirement ............................................................................................................ 4

3. Outer Case ............................................................................................................................... 4



4. Photoresistor ........................................................................................................................... 5



5. Microcontroller ........................................................................................................................ 6



6. Servmotor ................................................................................................................................ 6



7. Motor Driven Folding Board ..................................................................................................... 7


8. Power Supply ........................................................................................................................... 7


© 2015, KACC & Co. IV

9. User Interface System .............................................................................................................. 8



9.3 Usability Requirement ................................................................................................................... 8

10. Durability, Sustainability & Safety ........................................................................................... 9

10.1 Durability Requirement ............................................................................................................... 9

9.2 Sustainability & Cradle to Cradle Design Requirement ................................................................. 9

9.3 Safety Requirement ....................................................................................................................... 9

11. Engineering Standards & Responsibilities of the Product ...................................................... 10

12. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 11

Reference

List of Figures and Tables

Figure 1. KACC Folding Machine System View ............................................................................... 2

Figure 2. Clothes Folding Procedure .............................................................................................. 3

Figure 3. KACC Folding Machine Design Draft ................................................................................ 4

Figure 4. Graph of Resistance vs. Lux ............................................................................................ 5

Figure 5. Cradle to Cradle Design Cycle ......................................................................................... 9

Glossary

KACC Composed of first letters of names of four major team members Lux The SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance[6].

MTBF Mean time between failures

CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission

CSA Canada Standards Association

CCPSA Canada Consumer Product Safety Act

© 2015, KACC & CO. 1

1. Introduction

Many works are done automatically nowadays. KACC & Co. has innovative idea to make an

easy life - KACC Folding Machine, which can automatically fold the clothes that you have. It

can save your time from the repetitive folding work. Unlike the folding machine exist in the

industry, KACC Folding Machine is suitable for personal use. Also, KACC Folding Machine

has an advantage over the existing industry due to its smaller size of the machine. The

requirements for KACC Folding Machine are described in this functional specification.

1.1 Scope

This document outlines the detailed functional specifications of KACC Folding Machine. It

describes the functionality of the system. This document also present the requirements of

different part of the device, which include the outer case, photoresistor sensor,

microcontroller, servomotor, the folding board, power supply, and user interface. As well as

the durability, sustainability, safety, and the standards KACC Folding Machine will follow.

The requirements listed in each section will be used as the guidelines for the development

and testing of KACC Folding Machine to ensure its reliability and safety.

1.2 Intended Audience

The functional specification is for the user and all members of KACC & Co. This document is

our goal of the design and development of our project. This document will also be used as a

reference by the marketing and sales department when promoting the product to potential

consumers.

1.3 Classification

The functional requirement specification is shown as follows:

[Rn-p]

‘R’ is the abbreviation for requirement.

‘n’ is the functional requirement number.

‘p’ stands for one the following three development stages:

I. Proof-of-Concept stage only

II. Ongoing development (both proof-of-concept and final production) stage

III. Final production stage only

C. Constraint of the previous requirement*

*for example, [R01-I] is the requirement and [R01-C] is the constraint followed by the requirement

© 2015, KACC & CO. 2

2. System Requirement

KACC Folding Machine is an automatic machine that can grab and fold a clothes. Our team

uses different methods in each step to achieve the goal. KACC Folding Machine is divided

into four mechanism, fetch, stretch, fold, and dispense. Our team implements the system

that uses photoresistor, and servomotors as sensors and actuators. All of the sensors and

actuators are controlled by a microcontroller. Our team also includes a user interface system

to become user friendly. Figure 1 shows the mechanism and working procedure of KACC

Folding Machine.

Figure 1, KACC Folding Machine System View[9]

The fetching mechanism uses robotic arms to grab a clothes from a certain location. The

next step is to stretch the clothes. The stretching mechanism consists with a roller and

clothes is flatten which is a concept only. The folding mechanism is followed after the

stretching and it is controlled by photoresistor sensors and servomotors. The clothes folding

procedure is shown in Figure 2. After the clothes are folded, the clothes will be dispensed

through an incline of the folding board.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 3

Figure 2, Clothes Folding Procedure[9]

*Note: This image shows the mechanism only. Resulted Folded Clothes may NOT be the same as image shown

2.1 General Requirement

[R01-II] The machine has a toggle switch to turn the whole system on and off.

[R02-II] A button shall be placed to interrupt the procedure in emergency.

[R03-III] The retail price shall be around $150.

[R04-II] The program shall stop itself when the folding is done.

2.2 Physical Requirement

[R05-I] The machine shall be able to fetch individual garment from a pile of clothes.

2.3 Electrical Requirement

[R06-III] The DC adapter should convert the power input from 110V to 12V.

[R07-II] The system shall be supply with at least 1A.

[R08-I] Circuit response time shall be less than 5 seconds.

[R08-C] System may have a longer response time. (Refer to [R17])

[R09-I] There shall be no wire exposed.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 4

2.4 Mechanical Requirement

[R10-II] All parts should be intact with each other.

2.5 Environment Requirement

[R11-I] The noise produced by the machine shall not exceed 70dB.

[R12-III] The working environment should not exceed 60°C. (Refer to [R60])

3. Outer Case

KACC Folding Machine is machine that is smaller than a washing machine. Figure 3 shows

the design draft of KACC Folding Machine.

Figure 3, KACC Folding Machine Design Draft


[R13-I] The case shall be able to contain all of the electrical and mechanical components.


[R14-I] The overall size should be under 1.5m x 2m x 1m. (Height x Width x Depth)

[R15-I] The case should be water and dust resistant.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 5

4. PhotoRresistor Sensor

4.1 General Requirements

[R16-II] The photoresistor shall be only used to detect garment on the board and should not react to other change of light intensity.

[R17-III] The sensor shall have a delay around 2-5 seconds in order to get a stable reading.

[R18-III] The sensor should have light resistance at 8 - 20K Ohm at 10 Lux and the dark resistance should be at around 1M Ohm at 0 Lux. (Refer to Figure 4)

[R19-II] Ideally the spectral response peak at room temperature shall be around 500 - 600 nm

4.2 Physical Requirements

[R20-III] The photoresistor shall be as small as possible.

[R21-III] The photoresistor shall be embedded on the folding board.

[R22-II] The photoresistor shall be housed inside a protecting case to avoid being damaged.

Figure 4, Graph of Resistance vs. Lux[10]

© 2015, KACC & CO. 6

5. Microcontroller

A typical microcontroller consist a processing core, memory, and programmable I/O

peripherals. Microcontroller are widely used in automatic devices. Our team plans to use

Arduino UNO in the machine[5].


[R23-III] The microcontroller shall have at least 10 I/O pins.

[R24-II] The microcontroller are preferably to have at least 1 PWM digital pin.

[R25-II] The DC current for each I/O pin should at least be 20mA.

[R26-III] The microcontroller should have at least 2 MB memory.


[R27-III] The microcontroller should be small enough to fit in the case.

[R28-III] The microcontroller should be light weighted.

[R29-I] The microcontroller should be housed in dust and water resistant case.

6. Servomotor

A servo motor is a type of motor with a built-in encoder and potentiometer. This type of

servomechanism use the feedback and error-correction signal to perform position-control,

speed-control and many other tasks which cannot be done by a typical DC motor without

any integration. Following is some of the requirements of the motor our team will use:


[R30-II] The servomotor shall have a decent torque at around 3kg.cm.

[R30-C] The servomotor shall not be high speed due to high torque. (Refer to [R61])


[R31-II] The dimension of the servomotor shall be small enough to fit in the case.

[R32-I] The servomotor shall be attached on the folding bold tightly.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 7

7. Motor driven Folding Board

The folding board’s primary function is to support both of the folding mechanism and

dispensing mechanism. The folding board shall be constructed with servo motors to provide

rotational movement for cloth folding mechanism. The material used for folding board will

meet the requirements of being lightweight, waterproof, insulated, recyclable and easy-to-

clean. Four separate sections of the folding board will be driven by motors built in each of

them, according to the input of photoresistor sensors.


[R33-II] The folding board should not exceed the size of the case.

[R33-C] The board shall be 1m width x 1m length with a thin height. (Refer to [R14])

[R34-II] The folding board shall be composed with light-weight, waterproof material.

[R35-II] The folding board shall have round corners for safety concern.

[R36-II] The folding board shall have adequate amount of strength and hardness.

[R37-II] The folding board shall be insulated, to have motors and sensors built in.

8. Power Supply


[R38-II] The power supply shall be able to power up at least ten motors and several microcontrollers.

[R39-I] The power supply shall be in the form of rechargeable battery.

[R40-II] The weight of power supply shall not exceed the weight of main functioning unit.

[R41-II] The power supply shall last at least 4 hours while the unit is functioning.

[R42-II] The size of power supply shall be exceed the size of the folding board.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 8

9. User Interface System

The user interface consists of an on/off button. Our team is going to implement a user

feedback system. Our team plan to upgrade the system over each stage. In first stage, only

sound indication is used. We plan to develop a LCD display in second stage and implement

a custom folding method in the third stage, referred as LCD GUI Display System.


[R43-II] The machine shall contain light indicated switch allowing power switch on and off.

[R44-II] Sound feedback when there are no more clothes to fold. (1st stage)

[R45-I] LCD Display system feedback with sound when there are no more clothes to fold. (2nd stage)

[R45-C] Cost of LCD Display system shall not be very high. (Refer to [R03])

[R46-I] User can select the procedure of folding mechanism through LCD GUI Display System. (3rd stage)


[R47-II] The switch shall be placed at side of the machine, ensuring easy-to-reach.

[R48-II] The LCD GUI Display System shall be locked during the processing status of the machine. (3rd stage)

9.3 Usability Requirement

[R49-II] The On/Off button shall provide light indication to the users.

[R50-I] The LCD GUI Display System shall be user-friendly with easy-to-read icon and feedbacks.

[R51-I] The sound feedback shall not be too loud or too soft.

[R51-C] The sound should not exceed 70dB. (Refer to [R11])

© 2015, KACC & CO. 9

10. Durability, Sustainability & Safety

10.1 Durability Requirement

[R52-I] The machine should be serviceable for at least 2 hours continuously.

[R52-C] Mechanical part may become overheat. (Refer to [R60]).

[R53-II] The MTBF of the machine shall be more than 10000 hours.

[R54-I] The machine should prevent interference from the outside environment such as wind.

10.2 Sustainability & Cradle to Cradle Design Requirement

Figure 5, Cradle to Cradle Design Cycle[4]

In order to achieve an environmental friendly design, our team choose to use recycled or

unused material to build KACC Folding Machine. The design also needs to be cradle to

cradle as shown in Figure 5. Some of the requirements are listed below:

[R55-II] The materials used on the folding board are recycled binder.

[R56-I] The materials used for construction of unit shall be reusable, recyclable according to Canadian Electrical Code standard[1].

[R57-I] The power consumption of the whole machine shall not be very high.

[R58-II] The materials used for the outer shall and the folding board shall be reusable when the machine is defected after a long time.

10.3 Safety Requirement

[R59-II] The unit shall not emit any toxic substances that can cause damage to skin or the folded item.

[R60-II] The shape of the unit shall not have any sharp edges.

[R61-II] The unit shall not operate in extremely hot/cold environment.

[R62-II] The unit shall not operate with excess amount of speed, especially for folding operation speed.

[R63-II] Warning label shall be placed on essential location of the unit, especially the folding board, and the emergency button. (Refer to [R02])

© 2015, KACC & CO. 10

11. Engineering Standards & Responsibilities of the

Product

There are many standards of engineering a product. The first and most important standard is

to make sure public safety. In order to meet the requirement of the Canada Consumer

Product Safety Acts, KACC Folding Machine must be tested, studied to make sure it is safe

for public. The safety requirements are list in the previous section. KACC & Co. also needs

to present a detailed user manual as part of the product.

KACC Folding Machine follows the material and mechanical standards. KACC Folding

Machine has to meet the local and international engineering safety standards, such as the

mechanism cannot become harmful to the public and it cannot consist of any toxins or

nuclear materials. KACC Folding Machine also have to meet a country electrical standard.

For example, KACC Folding Machine provides different power cable depends on the

country’s standard.

KACC & Co. also follows the APEGBC Code of Ethics. To ensure the public safety, and

undertake the responsibility for the machine. Our team also provides adequate knowledge

and honest conviction to the project. Our team will be faithful to our clients and team

members. KACC & Co. follows all of the APEGBC Code to become ethical to the public.

The brief requirements of the standards KACC & Co. follows are listed below:

[R63-II] The machine should conform to the safety standards of CCPSA[2].

[R64-II] The machine should conform to the safety standards of CPSA[3].

[R65-II] The machine should conform to the Canadian Electrical Code[1].

[R66-II] The machine should conform to all of the APEGBC Code of Ethics[7].

When defects and failures occur in KACC Folding Machine, KACC & Co. provides support to

the user and diagnose the machine. In case of major defects by the manufacturers, KACC &

Co. provides replacement of the machine. If user is harmed by KACC Folding Machine in

correct use, KACC & Co. will be responsible of the damage or loss done to the customer.

© 2015, KACC & CO. 11

11. Conclusion

This document provides the functional specification for the KACC Folding Machine as a

whole, as well as each component used to construct the folding unit. Individual requirements

includes sensors, folding board, motors, power supply, and user interfaces are listed in this

document. Additionally, engineering product standards and product sustainability are

provided. By following strictly to the standards and requirements, KACC & Co. is confident to

present a high quality automatic folding machine.

To achieve the purpose of bringing the easiest folding to every household, KACC Folding

Machine is designed with sufficient technology, with an affordable and reasonable price. The

manufacturing cost for each unit is kept to the lowest and materials used for construction are

environment friendly and sustainable, which is suitable for mass production. We are

confident that KACC & Co. will bring easiness to people’s lives.

© 2015, KACC & CO.

Reference

[1] CSA Group, 1927. The Canadian Electrical Code. Last retrieved 17th Oct. Retrieved

from http://www.csagroup.org/global/en/services/codes-and-standards/installation-

codes/canadian-electrical-code

[2] CPSA, Government of Canada, 2015. Canada Consumer Product Safety Act. Last

retrieved 18th Oct. Retrieved from http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/PDF/C-1.68.pdf

[3] CPSC, Government of US, 2011. Consumer Product Safety Act. Last retrieved 18th

Oct. Retrieved from http://www.cpsc.gov//PageFiles/105435/cpsa.pdf

[4] Michael Sjoerdsma, 2015. Cradle-to-Cradle Design (ENSC 406 Lecture). Last

retrieved 18th Oct.

[5] Arduino, (n.d.). Arduino UNO Technical Specs. Last retrieved 18th Oct. Retrieved

from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardUno

[6] National Institute of Standards and Technology. Last retrieved 17th Oct. Retrieved

from http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html

[7] APEGBC, (n.d.). APEGBC Code of Ethics. Last retrieved 18th Oct. Retrieved from

https://www.apeg.bc.ca/getmedia/e8d858f5-e175-4536-8834-

34a383671c13/APEGBC-Code-of-Ethics.pdf.aspx

[8] Stephanie Fung, 2005. ENSC 305W/440 Functional Specification Sample. Last

retrieved 16th Oct. Retrieved from

http://www2.ensc.sfu.ca/~whitmore/courses/ensc305/pdf%20files/Example%20Functi

onal%20Spec.pdf

[9] Pixel Bazaar (n.d.). Clothes Flat Icon image. Last retrieved 15th Oct. Retrieved from

https://creativemarket.com/pixelbazaar/322905-Clothes-Flat-Icons

[10] Sparkfun, (n.d.). Cds PhotoConductive Cells (SEN-09088). Last retrieved 16th Oct.

Retrieved from http://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Sensors/LightImaging/SEN-

09088.pdf

Documents

October 19, 2015 Dr. Andrew Rawicz, Steve Whitmore School ...whitmore/courses/ensc305/projects/2015/wfunc.pdf · Dr. Andrew Rawicz, Steve Whitmore School of Engineering Science Simon