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OPEN INNOVATION IN
GLOBAL NETWORKS
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INSIGHTS FROM THEOECD-STUDY
Symposium on Global Open InnovationNetworks
Paris, January 23, 2009
Koen De Backer
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OECD WORK ON OPEN INNOVATION
CSTP-project on open innovation 2006-2008 4 lead countries
59 case studies in 12 countries
Sectoral coverage
Manufacturing and services
High and low tech
SMEs and MNEs
Country CompaniesBelgium Bekaert, Herstal Group, J&J, MACQ
Electronique, Numeca
International, P&G, TWIN Development,Denmark Danisco Ltd.,
Exiqon Ltd., Gabriel Ltd., IBM Denmark Ltd., Quilts of
Denmark Ltd.Finland NokiaFrance Air Liquide, Alcatel Lucent,
ArcelorMittal, Dassault Systmes,
Danone, Saint-Gobain SEB, SNECMA, ValeoGermany Siemens AG
Transportation Systems, Case Germany 2, Case
Germany 3Greece Eurobend, S&B Industrial Minerals, Velti,
Case Greece 4, CaseGreece 5
Japan NEC, Omron, Toray IndustriesNetherlands Philips, Case
Netherlands 2, Case Netherlands 3Norway Aker ASA, Ewos Innovation
eZ Systems, Q-Free,Russia Biological Research & Systems,
Biopharm, Stack Group, Case
Russia 4Spain Case Spain 1, Case Spain 2, Case Spain 3, Case
Spain 4, Case
Spain 5Switzerland ABB, Alcan Engineered Products, Clariant, IBM
Zurich Research
Laboratory, Microsoft Suisse, Nestl, Novartis, Siemens
BuildingTechnologies, Swiss Reinsurance Company, UBS
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THE EMERGENCE OF
GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS
distributionproductionR&D
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THE INTERNATIONALISATION OF R&D
distributionproductionR&D
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
5560
65
70
75
80
85
90
1995 2005
Billion USD
37.0 billion USD
83.6 billion USD
Japan
Other OECD (1)
France
United Kingdom
4.7%
United States
Germany
3.7%
9.8%14.1%
11.5%
6.2%
Canada
3.7%
10.8%
47.4%
12.8%
10.1%
37.9
15.8%
11.4%
GOES FAST,
R&D-investments under foreign control
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GOES ALSO TO EMERGING COUNTRIES,
Source: The Economist Intelligence Unit
Which of the following countries would you choose as being the
best overall overseas locationfor R&D (please do not select
your own country)? (% respondents)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
India
United States
China
Canada
United Kingdom
Germany
Japan
Ireland
Finland
South Korea
France
Switzerland
Other
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AND STRESSES ADDITIONAL LOCATION
FACTORS(number of firms citing a factor as critical)
Source: Case studies from OECD project Open innovation in global
networks
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
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GLOBAL INNOVATION NETWORKS
distribution
productionR&D
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WHAT MOTIVATES COMPANIES? (1)
Global demand for innovation
New customers
New demand of customers
Intense competition
Shorter PLCs
Global supply for innovation
Convergence between technologies Multidisciplinarity
Higher risks and costs
S&T capabilities of emerging countries
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WHAT MOTIVATES COMPANIES? (2)
Fast and efficient innovation
Access to external knowledge
Larger pool of ideas
Shorter innovation loops Spreading costs
Spreading risks
Join forces: complementarities
Higher flexibility
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RISKS ATTACHED
Source: The Economist Intelligence Unit
What do you see as being the most significant risks to
developing global innovation networks?(% respondents)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
theft of intellectual property
loss of control over innovation
cultural differences
difficulty managing remote staff
difficulty sharing knowledge
difficulty in ensuring knowledge
concers over quality control
excessive complexity in supply chainincentives not sufficiently
aligned
possibility of conflict
other
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INNOVATION ECO-SYSTEMS ARE
ABOUT:
A large diversity in global innovation networks Outside-in and
inside-out
Old and new modes: corporate venturing Differences between
industries
Suppliers and customers are the most
sought after innovation partners
Larger firms innovate more openly than small firms Geographical
proximity matters in global innovation
networks
Ecosystem
centric, cross-organizational
innovation
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN COUNTRIES
Firms with foreign co-operation in innovation, 2002-04
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WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR POLICY?
Still a role to play for national governments?
Attractiveness of countries?
How to position yourself in global networks? Benefits of outward
and inward investment?
Mobility of high skilled people
Return on investment: national programmes?
Global markets for technology/knowledge?
