OCCASIONS FOR PUBLIC SPEAKING

SPEECH110C.ShoreFall 2015

East San Gabriel Valley, ROP

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Learning Objectives

16.1: Explain how the nature of the speaking occasion and the purpose influence the speech.

16.2: Prepare a speech characterized by decorum, or “fittingness to the occasion.”

16.3: Explain the nature of deliberative speaking and develop various deliberative speeches.

16.4: Explain the nature of ceremonial speaking and develop various kinds of ceremonial speeches

16.5: Develop types of speeches that combine deliberative and ceremonial elements.

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16.1: Fitting Your Speech to the Occasion

Influence of the occasion– Three premises

Occasions are specific– Forensic, deliberative, ceremonial

Occasions create constraints (e.g. expectations) Creative and strategic choices

– Heterogeneity (p. 95)

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16.2: Fitting Your Speech to the Occasion

Decorum (“Fittingness to the occasion”)– Formality–Length–Intensity–Supporting material–Identification

Identify purpose–Provide new info or perspective–Agenda setting–Creating +/- feeling–Strengthen/Weaken commitment–Conversion–Inducing a specific action

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16.3: Forensic Speaking

Past tense Occurs in a court of law Concerned w/ establishing justice

Debate teams

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16.3: Deliberative Speaking

The Nature of Deliberative Speaking– Future tense– “What shall we do?”– A decision is required

Community service and involvement– Public forum (POV)

Oral reports and presentations– Organization is key

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16.3: Deliberative Speaking

Group presentations– Group reports

Symposiums– Small groups

Groupthink Chairing a meeting

– Chair– Parliamentary procedure– Motions

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16.3: Deliberative Speaking

Public hearings and debates– Providing testimony– Debates

Responding to questions– Loaded questions– Questions posing a false dilemma

Republican or Democrat?– Divide complex questions – Enhance your ethos by your responses

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16.4: Ceremonial Speaking

The nature of ceremonial speaking Present tense Reaffirms community bonds Speaker echoes audience feelings

Resonance Creates a presence

Enhances awareness and salience

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16.4: Ceremonial Speaking

Speeches of greeting– Introductions

GoalsRules

– Speech of welcomeEstablish upbeat and positive toneIdentify common bondHonor the guest

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16.4: Ceremonial Speaking

Speeches of tribute – Presenting a testimonial

Honor persons accomplishments

– Delivering a eulogyUse a positive toneMagnify strengths Cite virtuous examples

– Delivering a toast– Speaking at a roast

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16.4: Ceremonial Speaking

Commemorative celebrations– Remember important events– Presented on the event’s anniversary

Speeches marking awards– Presentation speeches either

Acceptance speeches– Express gratitude for the honor– Thank people who helped you– Emphasize award’s value– Keep it brief

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16.4: Ceremonial Speaking

Speeches marking awards– Presentation speeches either

Establish importance of awardEstablish someone’s achievement

Acceptance speeches– Express gratitude for the honor– Thank people who helped you– Emphasize award’s value– Keep it brief

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16.5: Speeches Combining Deliberative and Ceremonial Goals

Keynote speeches– Unite and define the members– Set the meeting’s agenda– Must be multivocal

Pep talks– Unite and define the members– Sets the meeting’s agenda– Must be multivocal

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16.5: Speeches Combining Deliberative and Ceremonial Goals

After-dinner speeches– Light hearted and humorous

Commencement speeches– Challenge and inspire graduates

Speeches marking candidacy and election– Nominating speeches– Acceptance of candidacy– Inaugural addresses

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Activity

Chris Christie at Iowa State Fair: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/chris-christie-iowa-state-fair_55d8e48ce4b0a40aa3ab32ae

What strategic choices did Gov. Christie make?

What aspects of decorum are present in this clip?

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Take Away

16.1: Explain how the nature of the speaking occasion and the purpose influence the speech.– Occasion: Forensic, Deliberative, Ceremonial,

expectations– Purpose: Inform, persuade, entertain

16.2: Prepare a speech characterized by decorum, or “fittingness to the occasion.”– Formality, Length, Intensity, Supporting material,

Identification 16.3: Explain the nature of deliberative speaking

and develop various deliberative speeches.– Future tense– Includes presentations, group comm., meetings,

debates, Q&A17

Take Away

16.4: Explain the nature of ceremonial speaking and develop various kinds of ceremonial speeches– Present tense– Includes: Greetings, tributes, awards

16.5: Develop types of speeches that combine deliberative and ceremonial elements– Inspire and challenge– Includes: Keynotes, after dinner, commencement,

candidacy

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