Objective: to use graphic organizers to take notes about howthe Catholic church dominated Medieval life.

The goal of the RC Church was to develop civilization in western Europe.

It took the lead in government, law, art and learning.

The Church had a great influence in the Middle Ages.

Daily life revolved around the Church:

•Religious ceremony to become a knight

•Holidays honored religious events

•People did not eat meat on Fridays.

•Worship (mass) was held on Sundays

•Monks and nuns ran schools and hospitals

The Church played an important role in the political life of the Middle Ages:

•Landowners and advisors

•Told people to obey the king’s laws

•People who disobeyed the Pope were excommunicated and lost membership in the Church and political rights.

The Church tried to end heresy by preaching and by church courts.

The Inquisition offered the people accused the right to confess or be tried.

Dangerous people were burned at the stake.

25-1 Catholic Influence-use a web

The Church influenced the lives

of people in the Middle Ages.

•United western Europe

•Took the lead in government, law, art and learning

•Helped pass on the heritage of the Roman Empire

•Center of every village and town

•To become a king, vassal or knight a man had to take part in a religious ceremony

•Holidays were in honor of saints

•People did not eat meat on Fridays

•On Sundays people went to mass

•Monks and nuns provided food and shelter for travelers

•Priests recorded births, performed marriages and conducted burials

•Church leaders were landowners in the feudal system

•Parish priests told people to respect government officials

•People could be excommunicated for disobeying the Pope or canon laws

Religion in Medieval Europe

25 – 2 Attempts at Reform-use T chartThe Church was supported by tithes

and donations.

The office of bishop was often sold for money or favors.

Europeans became worried about what direction the Church was headed.

The monks of the monastery at Cluny recognized only the authority of the Pope.

Pope Gregory wanted to increase his power officials and rid the Church of control by kings and over Church nobles.

In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating that the Pope was above all kings and nobles and that only the Pope could choose Church leaders.

FriarsFranciscan Order

•Founded by Francis of Assisi

•Deep love of nature

Dominican Order

•Started by a monk named Dominic

•Studied many languages

• Monasticism = life led by monks and nuns

• Monk = Greek for “living alone”

• Nun = French from none, originally Egyptian for “virgin”

• Nuns and monks wanted to avoid war, sickness, sin, corruption and wanted to serve God and fellow Christians

• St. Benedict renounced wealth and founded an Italian monastery in 529 A.D.

• He wrote “The Rule”, a set of rules for monks to live by

• Duties included: work, study, prayer

• Monks took vows of : chastity, poverty and obedience

• Self-sufficient tasks: farming, cooking, sewing building, etc.

• Charitable tasks: hospital work, providing refuge for homeless, food for the poor, lodging for travelers and distributing the sacraments

• Monasteries were led by an abbot who was elected by his monk brothers; convents were led by an abbess

• Bound by the abbey church

• Dormitory where the monks slept

• Refectory where the monks ate

• Library and scriptorium where monks wrote

Church

Library and Scriptorium

Refectory

Dormitory

Rise of Church Reformers

CAUSE EFFECT

The Church was supported by tithes and donations.The office of bishop was often sold for money or favors.Europeans became worried about what direction the Church was headed

The monks of the monastery at Cluny recognized only the authority of the Pope.

In 1075 a papal bull was issued stating that the Pope was above all kings and nobles and that only the Pope could choose Church leaders

Franciscan Dominican Order

St. Benedict renounced wealth and founded an Italian monastery in 529 A.D.

He wrote “The Rule”, a set of rules for monks to live by

Duties included: work, study, prayer

Monks took vows of : chastity, poverty and obedience

25-3 Learning- use matrix

Cathedral Schools Universities

How established

Head

Objectives

Subjects taught

Tuition

Materials / Methodology

Parish clergy set up schools Unions were groups who joined together for a common cause

Run by bishops Headed by a chancellor

Trained students to become government workers and teachers

Classes on individual subjects were held at set times during the day

7: grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry and music

Students and teachers complained of too few classes, subjects and qualified teachers

Students paid fees to attend class in dark halls rented by teachers.

Students lived in boarding houses. Rich supporters built buildings for students to live in.

Books were few and costly. Students memorized explanations.

Students were punished for missing daily mass, disturbing the peace or sword play.

establ

head

obj

sub

tuition

material

method

Learning

25-4The Crusades – use flow chart

Pope Urban called for the wars to regain the Holy Land from the Turks.

He promised freedom from debt and forgiveness from sins for those who “took up the cross.”

Peter the Hermit rallied the commoners.

The people adopted the cry, “Deus vult!”

They behaved poorly along the route to Asia Minor and Constantinople.

A Call to WarThe Peasants’ Crusade

Lords had to provide battle gear, wagons, supplies and horses.

The Crusaders captured the Holy city of Jerusalem.

They set up 4 feudal kingdoms called Outremer.

Europeans adopted Muslim customs.

The Nobles’ Crusade

The King’s Crusade

Saladin united the Muslims.

The crusaders were ill- prepared. The wore heavy armor and relied on the crossbow.

The two leaders signed a truce.

Click on picture for pope info

Crusades to the Middle East

Effects of the Crusades

Returning crusaders brought many new products back with them.

There was a demand for these new products in Europe.

Trade, merchants and trade cities.

A mixing of cultures ( European, Byzantine and Arabic Empires) resulted.

Scientists became interested in learning Muslim technologies.

The authority of kings increased. Many nobles died and large armies were expensive to supply.

Feudalism began to dissolve.

The society of Western Europe advanced; towns grew and the arts thrived.

Life After the Crusades

Crudades