Objective: To examine the impact of the Crusades on Europe.

The Crusades: Key FactsWho?- The Crusades were fought between European Christians

and Middle Eastern Muslims.

When?

- The Crusades lasted approximately 200 years, from 1100 – 1300.

http://www.medievaltymes.com/courtyard/second_crusade.htm

http://www.medievaltymes.com/courtyard/third_crusade.htm

http://www.newadvent.org/images/04543ccx.jpg

Why?- Christians wanted to capture the Holy Land (modern day Israel) from the Muslims.

• The First Crusade to capture the holy lands began on the command of Pope Urban II in 1095.

Pope Urban II calls for the First Crusade at Clermont Cathedral, Bibloteque National du Paris

• The Crusaders slaughtered non-Christians on the way, including thousands of Jews.

Delacroix, Eugene The Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople; 1840 - Oil on canvas - 410 x 498 cm; Musée du Louvre, Paris

Saladin, the Muslim military leader, was born c. 1138 into a Kurdish family in Tikrit, Iraq.

• By 1187, Saladin and his army had re-claimed Jerusalem and almost every Crusader city in the Holy Land.

Video: Kingdom of Heaven

Results:1) The Muslims retained control of the Holy Land.

The statue of Saladin at the entrance of the citadel in Damascus, Syria.

The tomb of sultan Saladin near the northwestern corner of the Umayyad Mosque, Damascus, Syria.

2) European demands for Asian products such as silks, spices, glassware, china, rice and oranges increased.

Silkworm and cocoon

It is estimated that 2,500 to 3,000 cocoons are needed to make just one yard of silk fabric, so despite silk being an excellent material for making fibres it is also expensive to produce.

black pepper

ginger

3) As a result of the Crusades, European trade with Asia increased.