o Saf 33 Emulsion Worksheets

7/28/2019 o Saf 33 Emulsion Worksheets

1/17

AMRL Emulsion Worksheets EML - 1

OSA.F33 Date: ___________________ Assessment No: ________________ Assessor: ______________ 4/07

EMULSION INDEX

Test Method AASHTO/ASTM Pages

**Status

(, NP, orPND)

PARTICLE CHARGE 2

SAYBOLTT59-01/D244-00

3-5

SETTLEMENT 6

STORAGE STABILITYT59-01

7

SETTLEMENT AND STORAGE STABILITY D6930-04 8

FREEZING T59-01/D6929-04 9

SIEVE T59-01/D6933-04 10

RESIDUE BY EVAPORATION T59-01/D6934-04 11

CEMENT MIXINGT59-01/D6935-04

12DEMULSIBILITY T59-01/D6936-04 13

DETERMINING DENSITY T59-01/D6937-04 14

RESIDUE BY DISTILLATION T59-01/D6997-04 15-16

EVALUATING AGGREGATE COATING T59-01/D6998-04 17

** NP for Not Presented or

PND for Procedure Not Demonstrated (Apparatus ONLY).

CONDITIONING OF SAMPLES APPLIES TO ALL EMULSION TESTS

1. All emulsions with viscosity requirements of 122F (50C) should be heated to 122 5F (50 3C) in the originalcontainer in a 160F (ASTM does not specify temperature)?........................................................................................ ____

2. Container vented to relieve pressure?............................................................................................................................. ____3. After the sample reaches 122 5F (50 3C), sample stirred to achieve homogeneity?............................................. ____

COMMENTS:


2/17



PARTICLE CHARGE (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D244) _____

Apparatus1. 12-V dc current source, milliammeter, and current control device? ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

2. Electrodes: two 1 x 4 in. stainless steel plates? ......................................................................................................... _____

3. Held rigidly parallel, 1/2 in. apart?............................................................................................................................ _____

4. 250 mL capacity beaker? ........................................................................................................................................... _____

5. Insulator (polytetraflouroethylene resin square rod, virgin electrical grade, 1/2 in. thick, or an

insulator made from other suitable material)? ........................................................................................................... _____

ASTM: Insulator made from polytetrafluoroethylene resin square rod, virgin electrical grade? ........................_____

6. Glass rod, 4 in. long and 3 in thick or other device capable of insulating

and suspending the electrode assembly in emulsion?.......... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... .......... _____

7. Optional: Apparatus capable of manual height adjustment to insulate and suspend electrode assembly? ............ ... _____

8. Water bath at temperature of 160 5F (71 3C)?................................................................................................. _____

9. ASTM 19F or 19C thermometer?.............................................................................................................................. _____

10. Suitable timing device? ............................................................................................................................................. _____

Procedure

1. Heat the emulsion to 122 5F (50 3C) in a 160 5F (71 3C) water bath,

stirring thoroughly? ................................................................................................................................................... _____

2. Pour emulsion into 250 mL beaker - insert glass rod between the insulator. Lie ends of glass rod on

the two opposite top edges of beaker. (An apparatus capable of manual height adjustment to insulate

and suspend electrode assembly may be used instead.)............................................................................................. _____

3. Sufficient emulsion poured into beaker to allow electrodes to be immersed 1 in. [AMRL: to 1 .]? .......... ......... _____

4. New electrodes and electrodes to be reused cleaned by washing with distilled water, suitable asphalt

solvent, isopropyl or ethyl alcohol, and then distilled water?........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ......... _____

5. Clean dry electrodes connected to current source and inserted approximately 1 in. [AMRL: to 1 1/2]

into the emulsion?...................................................................................................................................................... _____6. Current adjusted to at least 8 mA and timing started? ............................................................................................... _____

7. After 30 minutes or at 2 mA, whichever occurs first, electrodes disconnected and gently washed with

a smooth, thin stream of distilled water? ................................................................................................................... _____

8. Electrodes examined for deposit of asphalt? ............................................................................................................. _____

9. Determined polarity reported? [Asphalt on cathode (negative electrode) for cationic emulsion] ............................ _____

COMMENTS:


3/17



APPARATUS FOR SAYBOLT FUROL VISCOSITY (AASHTO T59, T72) _____(ASTM D244, D88) _____

1. VISCOSITY TUBES 1 2 3 4 5 6

Calibration factor?

Correction 1% or less (0.99 to 1.01) for referee testing?Month and Year of calibration?

Calibrated within last 3 years?

Tube has furol tip?

Tube corrosion resistant?

Inner surface smooth & clean?

Good cork?

Bottom of tube 10 13 cm from flasks graduated mark?

2. Testing Bath

(a) Maker? ____________________________________________________(b) Serial No. (or ID No.)? _____________________________________

(c) Viscometer and bath in draft-free location?...... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ ........ _____

(d) Bath must be capable of being filled to at least 6 mm (1/4 in.) above overflow rim of viscometer? ............ ... _____

(e) Bath has stirrer?............................................................................................................................................... _____

(f) Bath has thermostatic temperature control?..................................................................................................... _____

(g) Control capable of regulating the temperature of the bath so that it does not fluctuate by more

than 0.05F ( 0.03C)? ............................................................................................................................... _____

3. Thermometers

(a) ASTM 17F or 17C for tests at 77F (25C)? ................................................................................................... _____

(b) ASTM 19F or 19C for tests at 122F (50C)? ................................................................................................. _____

4. Water BathWater bath at 77F (25C) capable of maintaining temperature within range of 77.0 0.2F (25.00 0.10C)? .... _____

COMMENTS:


4/17



APPARATUS FOR SAYBOLT FUROL VISCOSITY (AASHTO T59, T72) _____(ASTM D244, D88) _____

5. Miscellaneous

(a) Timing Device: 0.1 s?...................................................................................................................................... _____

Type

No. ManufacturerElectric Spring Quartz

1/10 sec.

graduations?

Accurate to

0.1% in 60

min.?

(3.6 seconds in

60 min.)

1

2

3

(b) Withdrawal device? ......................................................................................................................................... _____

(c) Thermometer support?..................................................................................................................................... _____

(d) Proper receiving flasks?................................................................................................................................... _____

(e) 850-m (No. 20) sieve or a 20-mesh strainer of wire cloth (framed or unframed)? ........... ........... ........... ....... _____

(f) 4 oz. bottle with stopper for tests at 77F (25C)?........................................................................................... _____

(g) 400 mL beaker for tests at 122F (50C)? ....................................................................................................... _____

(h) Water bath for tests at 122F (50C): capable of 160 5F (71 3C)? ........................................................ _____

COMMENTS:


5/17



SAYBOLT FUROL VISCOSITY (AASHTO T59, T72) _____(ASTM D244, D88) _____

Procedure for Tests at 77F (25C)

1. Viscometer bath thermostat adjusted to maintain the bath at a temperature of 77.0 0.2F

(25.0 0.1C) within 0.10F ( 0.05C)? .............................................................................................................. _____

2. Sample thoroughly stirred, without incorporating bubbles? .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ............ ........... . _____

3. 100 to 110 mL of sample poured into 4 oz. (118 mL) bottle? ................................................................................... _____

4. Closed bottle placed for 30 minutes in a water bath maintained at 77.0 0.2F (25.0 0.1C)? ............................. _____

5. Bottle slowly inverted several times to mix sample?............... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ ...... _____

6. Sample poured into viscometer through No. 20 (850-m) sieve?........ ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ..... _____

(a) Small portion allowed to flow through outlet to waste? .................................................................................. _____

(b) Tube corked and viscometer filled until liquid begins to overflow the overflow rim? .......... ............ ........... ... _____

7. Viscosity determined without any further disturbance of sample (without clearing gallery or stirring)? ........... ....... _____

(a) Cork snapped from tube and timer started at same instant?............... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ....... _____

(b) Flask located so stream just touches neck of flask?.............. ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

(c) Timer stopped when bottom of meniscus reaches grad. mark? ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ...... _____

8. Time of flow not less than 20 seconds? ..................................................................................................................... _____

Procedure for Tests at 122F (50C)

1. Heat the emulsion sample in the original container to 122 5F (50 3C) in a

160 5F (71 3C) water bath or oven?................................................................................................................. _____

2. Clean, dry viscometer corked? .................................................................................................................................. _____

3. Sample thoroughly stirred without incorporating bubbles? ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ............ ........... . _____

4. Approximately 100 mL of sample poured into 400 mL beaker? ............................................................................... _____

5. Beaker placed in water bath at 160 5F (71 3C)? .............................................................................................. _____

6. Sample heated in water bath until temperature between 124.5 and 140F (51.4 and 60C) is achieved? ................. _____

ASTM: Sample heated & stirred until it reaches 124.5 0.5F (51.4 0.3C)?..................................................._____

7. Sample poured into viscometer through No. 20 (850-m) strainer? ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

8. Level of sample above overflow rim of viscometer?............. ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ............ ........ _____

9. Sample stirred at 60 rpm with thermometer, avoiding bubbles?.............. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... _____

10. Temperature of emulsion adjusted until it remains constant for one minute at 122.0 0.1F (50.00 0.05C)? ..... _____11. Temperature of viscosity bath within 0.35F ( 0.20C) of sample temperature?.................................................. _____

12. Thereafter, thermometer withdrawn from viscometer and excess emulsion quickly removed from

the gallery? ................................................................................................................................................................ _____

13. Cork snapped from tube and timer started at same instant?.............. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ...... _____

(a) Cork dry?......................................................................................................................................................... _____

(b) Flask located so stream just touches neck of flask?.............. ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

(c) Timer stopped when bottom of meniscus reaches grad. mark? ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ...... _____

14. Time of flow not less than 20 seconds?..................................................................................................................... _____

Calculation

Efflux time multiplied by calibration factor of viscometer? ...................................................................................... _____

COMMENTS:


6/17



SETTLEMENT (AASHTO T59) _____

Apparatus1. Two 500 mL glass cylinders?.................................................................................................................................... _____

(a) 50 5 mm diameter? ....................................................................................................................................... _____

(b) 5 mL graduations? ........................................................................................................................................... _____

(c) Cork or glass stoppers?.................................................................................................................................... _____

Note to Assessor: Cylinders with side-arms are acceptable AMRL.

2. A 60 mL capacity glass tube pipette (of optional form) [not necessary if cylinders with side-arms are used]? ........ _____

3. Four 1000 mL low-form glass or metal beakers or containers of similar dimensions?........... ........... ........... ........... .. _____

4. Class G2 balance available? ...................................................................................................................................... _____

5. Oven: capable of being maintained at 325 5F (163 3C)? ................................................................................ _____

Procedure1. 500 mL representative sample placed in each of 2 cylinders?........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ....... _____

2. Cylinders sealed airtight? .......................................................................................................................................... _____3. Cylinders allowed to stand undisturbed for 5 days at lab temperature?..... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

4. Approx. top 55 mL of emulsion pipetted or siphoned from each cylinder without disturbing remainder?........... ..... _____

5. Each portion thoroughly mixed?................................................................................................................................ _____

6. 50.0 0.1 g of each sample weighed into separate beaker? ...................................................................................... _____

7. Content of each beaker or container evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation, and

percent residue calculated (A = top sample)? .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... . _____

8. Approximately next 390 mL siphoned from each cylinder?........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

9. Emulsion remaining in each cylinder thoroughly mixed and 50.0 0.1 g weighed into separate

beakers?.......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... .... _____

10. Content of each beaker or container evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation, and

percent residue calculated (B = bottom sample)? ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ..... _____

11. Settlement calculated as: % (5 days) = B-A? ........................................................................................................... _____

12. Report the settlement as the average of the two individual cylinders results? ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ ... _____

COMMENTS:


7/17



STORAGE STABILITY (AASHTO T59) _____

Apparatus1. Two 500 mL glass cylinders?.................................................................................................................................... _____

(a) 50 5 mm O.D.? ............................................................................................................................................. _____

(b) 5 mL graduations? ........................................................................................................................................... _____(c) Cork or glass stoppers?.................................................................................................................................... _____

Note to Assessor: Cylinders with side-arms are acceptable AMRL.

2. A 60 mL glass tube pipette (of optional form) [not necessary if cylinders with side-arms are used]? ............ .......... _____

3. Four 1000 mL glass or metal beakers or containers of similar dimensions? .......... ........... .......... ........... ............ ....... _____

4. Four glass rods: 7 in. long x 1/4 in. diameter?........................................................................................................... _____

5. Oven: capable of being maintained at 325 5F (163 3C)? ................................................................................. _____

6. Glass G2 balance available?...................................................................................................................................... _____

Procedure

1. Sample brought to room temperature: 70 to 80F (21 to 27C)? ............................................................................... _____2. 500 mL representative sample placed in each of 2 cylinders?........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ....... _____

3. Cylinders sealed airtight? .......................................................................................................................................... _____

4. Cylinders allowed to stand undisturbed for 24 hrs. at 70 to 80F (21 to 27C)? ....................................................... _____

5. Approx. top 55 mL of emulsion pipetted or siphoned from each cylinder without disturbing remainder?........... ..... _____

6. Each portion thoroughly mixed?................................................................................................................................ _____

7. 50.0 0.1 g of each sample weighed into separate beaker or container? .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... .. _____

8. Content of each beaker or container evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation,

and percent residue calculated? (A = top) ................................................................................................................. _____

9. Approximately next 390 mL siphoned from each cylinder?........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

10. Emulsion remaining in each cylinder thoroughly mixed and 50 g weighed into separate beaker?............. ............ ... _____

Weighed to 0.1 g?...................................................................................................................................................... _____

11. Content of each beaker or container evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation,

and percent residue calculated? (B = bottom)............................................................................................................ _____12. Settlement calculated as: % (24 hr.) = B-A? ............................................................................................................ _____

13. Report the storage stability as the average of the two individual cylinders results? ........... ........... ........... ............ ..... _____

COMMENTS:


8/17



SETTLEMENT AND STORAGE STABILITY (ASTM D6930) _____

Apparatus1. Glass cylinder 500-mL, with pressed or molded glass base?........ ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

(a) 50 5 mm O.D.? ............................................................................................................................................. _____

(b) Cork, rubber, or glass stopper? ........................................................................................................................ _____Note to Assessor: Cylinders with side-arms are acceptable AMRL

2. A 50 mL glass tube pipette (of optional form) [not necessary if cylinder with side-arms is used]? .......... ............ .... _____

3. Two 1000 mL glass or metal beakers? ...................................................................................................................... _____

4. Stir rods: glass or stainless steel, with rounded ends? ............................................................................................... _____

5. Oven: capable of being maintained at 163 3C (325 5F)? ................................................................................. _____

6. Glass G2 balance available?...................................................................................................................................... _____

Procedure

1. Sample brought to room temperature: 22 to 28C (72 to 83F)? ............................................................................... _____

2. 500 mL representative sample placed in the cylinder? .............................................................................................. _____3. Cylinder sealed airtight? ............................................................................................................................................ _____

4. Cylinder allowed to stand undisturbed at 22 to 28C (72 to 83F)? .......................................................................... _____

(a) 24 hours for storage stability? ......................................................................................................................... _____

(b) 5 days for settlement? ..................................................................................................................................... _____

5. Approx. top 55 mL of emulsion pipetted or siphoned (or drained if using cylinders with side arms)

from cylinder without disturbing remainder? ............................................................................................................ _____

6. This 55-mL portion thoroughly mixed?..................................................................................................................... _____

7. 50.0 0.1 g of sample weighed into separate beaker that has been previously weighed with a glass rod?.............. . _____

8. Content of beaker evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation,

and percent residue calculated? (A = top) ................................................................................................................. _____

9. Approximately next 390 mL siphoned (or drained) from cylinder? .......... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... _____

10. Emulsion remaining in cylinder thoroughly mixed and 50.0 0.1 g weighed into separate beaker that

has been previously weighed with a glass rod? ......................................................................................................... _____11. Content of each beaker or container evaporated by procedure specified under Residue by Evaporation,

and percent residue calculated? (B = bottom)............................................................................................................ _____

12. Storage stability or settlement for the cylinder calculated as follows:........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ..... _____

Storage Stability, % (24 hrs) = B - A

Settlement, % (5 days) = B A

13. Report the storage stability or settlement as the cylinder result? .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ... _____

COMMENTS:


9/17



FREEZING OF EMULISFIED ASPHALTS (AASHTO T59) _____

(ASTM D6929) _____

Apparatus1. Freezer capable of maintaining a test temperature of -18 5C? ............................................................................. _____2. Metal container (such as a 500-mL press-top can)?.............. ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ............ ........ _____3.

Close fitting lid for metal container? ........................................................................................................................ _____4. Glass stirring rod?..................................................................................................................................................... _____

Procedure1. Approximately 400g of emulsion poured into a clean metal container? ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... .. _____2. Closed container containing emulsion placed in freezer for 12 to 18 consecutive hours?............ ........... ........... ...... _____3. Removed from freezer and allowed to thaw by exposure to ambient temperature?............ ........... .......... ........... ...... _____4. Freezing and thawing periods repeated an additional two times (total of three freeze / thaw cycles)?....... ........... ... _____5. Emulsion stirred after the third freeze / thaw cycle?................................................................................................. _____6. Asphalt examined and reported as eitherHomogeneous orBroken?............ ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ...... _____

COMMENTS:


10/17



SIEVE (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6933) _____

Apparatus1. A 3 in. diameter, 850-m (No. 20) sieve? ................................................................................................................. _____

2. Pan: shallow metal container to fit bottom of sieve?................................................................................................ _____

3. Solution of 2 percent sodium oleate in distilled water? ............................................................................................. _____4. ASTM: 1% solution of nonionic surfactant solution, ethoxylated nonylphenol is recommended

(1 g of nonionic surfactant dissolved in distilled water and diluted to 100 mL)? ..................................................._____

5. Distilled water for testing cationic emulsions?.......................................................................................................... _____

6. Container suitable for l kg of emulsion?.................................................................................................................... _____

7. Oven: capable of being maintained at 220F (105C)? ............................................................................................. _____

8. Desiccator? ................................................................................................................................................................ _____

9. Class G5 balance available (for weighing the emulsion)? .......... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ... _____

Class G2 balance available (for weighing the sieve and residue)? ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

10. ASTM: Thermometers: 17C for tests at 25C; 19C for tests at 50C; or any thermometric device ofequal accuracy? ........................................................................................................................................................_____

Procedure1. Test Temperature

(a) Test temperature is room temperature for samples whose viscosity is 100 s or less when tested

at 77F (25C)?................................................................................................................................................ _____

(b) Test temperature at 122 5F (50 3C) for samples whose viscosity is greater than 100 s or

whose viscosity is specified at 122F (50C)?................................................................................................. _____

2. Sample stirred to achieve homogeneity? ................................................................................................................... _____

3. Weight of 850-m (No. 20) sieve and pan determined (= A)? .................................................................................. _____

4. Sieve cloth wet with appropriate liquid? ................................................................................................................... _____

(a) With 2 percent sodium oleate solution for anionic emulsions? ....................................................................... _____

(b) With distilled water for cationic emulsions? ................................................................................................... _____ASTM: Nonionic surfactant solution for both anionic and cationic emulsions?.................................................._____

5. 1 kg (1000 g) of emulsion weighed into suitable container? ..................................................................................... _____

6. Sample poured through sieve?................................................................................................................................... _____

7. Container and residue on sieve washed with appropriate liquid until washing run clear?............... ........... ........... .... _____

(a) With 2 percent sodium oleate solution for anionic emulsions? ....................................................................... _____

(b) With distilled water for cationic emulsions? ................................................................................................... _____

ASTM: Distilled or deionized water for both anionic and cationic emulsions? ....................................................._____

8. Pan placed under sieve?............................................................................................................................................. _____

9. Pan and sieve heated for 2 hr. in 220F (105C) drying oven? ................................................................................. _____

10. Pan and sieve cooled in a desiccator?........................................................................................................................ _____

11. Sieve, pan, and residue weighed (= B)? .................................................................................................................... _____

12. Percentage sample retained on sieve calculated as: (B - A)/10?............ ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ . _____

COMMENTS:


11/17



RESIDUE BY EVAPORATION (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6934) _____

1. Apparatus for Procedure A

(a) Three beakers - low form, 1000 mL capacity, made of glass or metal?........ ........... ........... ........... ........... ....... _____

(b) Three glass rods, flame polished ends, approximately 7 in. long x 1/4 in. in diameter?........ ........... ............ ... _____

2. Apparatus for Procedure B

(a) Four beakers low form, 1000 mL capacity, made of glass or metal?...... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... _____

(b) Four glass rods, flame polished ends, approximately 7 in. long x 1/4 in. in diameter? ........... ........... ............ . _____

(c) 300-m (No. 50) sieve? ................................................................................................................................... _____

3. Apparatus for Procedure A and Procedure B

(a) Oven? .............................................................................................................................................................. _____

1) Thermostatically controlled? ................................................................................................................. _____

2) Capable of maintaining 325 5F (163 3C)? ................................................................................... _____

(b) Class G2 balance available? ............................................................................................................................ _____

Procedure1. 3 beakers used for Method A, 4 for Method B? ........................................................................................................ _____

(a) Method A for % Residue only; Method B for further testing on residue? ...................................................... _____

2. Each beaker, with a rod, weighed to 0.1 g? ............................................................................................................... _____

3. 50.0 0.1 g of thoroughly mixed emulsion weighed into each beaker?............. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... _____

4. Water initially evaporated from the beakers or containers by one of the following methods? ........... ........... ........... . _____

(a) Maintaining them in oven at 325 5F (163 3C) for 2 hrs? ....................................................................... _____

(b) Carefully heating them on hot plate?............................................................................................................... _____

(c) Placing containers in a cold or warm oven and bringing oven and sample up to a

temperature of 325F (163C)? ....................................................................................................................... _____

5. Residue then thoroughly stirred?............................................................................................................................... _____6. Beakers, with rod and residue, replaced in oven at 325 5F (163 3C) for one hour? ........................................ _____

7. Beakers, with rod and residue, allowed to cool to room temp. and weighed to 0.1 g? ........... ........... ........... ........... .. _____

8. Beakers, with rod and residue, replaced in oven until residue sufficiently fluid (Method B)? .................................. _____

9. Residue poured through 300-m (No. 50) sieve into suitable containers or molds (Method B)? .............................. _____

10. Percent residue calculated for each beaker? .............................................................................................................. _____

11. Percentage of residue by evaporation reported as the average of three results? .......... ........... ........... ........... ............ . _____

COMMENTS:


12/17



CEMENT MIXING (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6935) _____

Apparatus1. A 180-m (No. 80) sieve available?.......................................................................................................................... _____

2. A 3 in. diameter, 1.40-mm (No. 14) sieve? ............................................................................................................... _____

3. Shallow pan for 3 in. diameter sieve?........................................................................................................................ _____

4. Graduated cylinder, 100 mL capacity? ...................................................................................................................... _____

5. Mixing bowl: glass or metal, capacity approx. 500 mL [AMRL: 100 mL]? .......... .......... ........... ........... ........... ..... _____

6. Stirring rod: steel, approx. 1/2 in. (13 mm) [ASTM: approx. 10 mm]diameter, with rounded ends? ...................... _____

7. Type III Portland Cement: conforming to ASTM C150 (AASHTO M85)? ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........ _____

8. Minimum specific surface area of cement 1900 cm2/g per by Wagner Turbidimeter (AASHTO T98)?................... _____


10. Oven, capable of being maintained at 325 5F (163 3C)? ................................................................................. _____

Procedure1. Emulsion diluted to 55 percent residue?.................................................................................................................... _____

(a) Diluted with distilled water?............................................................................................................................ _____

(b) Calculation of percent residue based on determination by:

1) Distillation? ........................................................................................................................................... _____

2) Evaporation for 3 hours at 325F (163C)? ........................................................................................... _____

2. Cement sieved through 180-m (No. 80) sieve? ....................................................................................................... _____

3. 50.0 0.1 g cement passing 180-m (No. 80) sieve weighed into mixing bowl? ........... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

4. Ingredients and apparatus brought to approximately 77F (25C) [AMRL: 9F (5C)] before mixing? ............. _____

5. 100 mL of diluted emulsion added to cement?.......................................................................................................... _____

6. Mixture immediately stirred with steel rod, with circular motion at approximately 60 rpm?............ ........... .......... ... _____

7. After stirring 1 min., 150 mL distilled water added?................................................................................................. _____

8. Stirring continued for additional 3 min. period?........................................................................................................ _____

9. Tare weight of 1.40-mm (No. 14) sieve and shallow pan determined? ..................................................................... _____10. Mixture poured through 1.40-mm (No. 14) sieve? .................................................................................................... _____

11. Bowl rinsed over sieve with distilled water until clean? ........................................................................................... _____

12. Sieve rinsed with distilled water until water is clear?..... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ............ .... _____

Distilled water poured from a height of approx. 150 mm (6 in.)? ............................................................................. _____

13. Sieve placed in shallow pan and heated at 325F (163C) in oven?.......................................................................... _____

14. Heating and weighing repeated until successive weights differ by no more than 0.1 g?.......... ........... ........... ........... _____

15. Weight of material retained on sieve and in pan reported as the percentage of break in the cement

mixing test? ............................................................................................................................................................... _____

COMMENTS:


13/17



DEMULSIBILITY (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6936) _____

Apparatus1. Three pieces (ASTM: one piece) of No. 14 (1.40-mm) wire cloth, unframed, approximately 5 in.

[AMRL: sufficient to completely cover beaker] square?....... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ......... _____

2. Three metal beakers, 600 mL capacity each? ............................................................................................................ _____

ASTM: Metal beaker, 600 mL nominal capacity?.................................................................................................._____

3. Three metal rods: approx. 5/16 in. (7.9 mm) [AMRL: 1/8 in. ( 3.2 mm)] diameter, with rounded ends? ............ _____

ASTM: Metal rod: approximately 10 mm diameter, with rounded ends?.............................................................._____

4. A 50 mL glass burette graduated in 0.1 mL intervals? .............................................................................................. _____

5. Demulsifying solutions for anionic emulsions:

(a) CaCl2 solution (1.11 g/L), prepared with water? ............................................................................................. _____

or (b) CaCl2 solution (5.55 g/L), prepared with water? ............................................................................................. _____

6. Demulsifying solution for cationic emulsions:

Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate sol. (8g/L), in water? ................................................................................................ _____

ASTM: Stored in a dark glass air-tight container and less than 90 days old?......................................................._____


8. ASTM: Oven capable of maintaining 163 3C (325 5F)? .............................................................................. _____

Procedure1. Percent residue by distillation determined? ............................................................................................................... _____

2. Three assemblies of beaker, stirring rod, and wire cloth weighed (ASTM: only one assembly used)? .................... _____

3. 100.0 0.1 g of sample weighed into each of three assemblies? .............................................................................. _____

4. Weighed to nearest 0.1 g? ......................................................................................................................................... _____

5. Weighed samples and reagent brought to 77.0 1.0F (25.0 0.5C) (ASTM: 25 1.0C)?.................................. _____6. Reagent added from burette over approx. 2 min. period [AMRL: 10 s]? .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____

(a) 35 mL CaCl2 solution (1.11 g/L) for anionic RS emulsions? .......................................................................... _____

(b) 50 mL CaCL2 sol (5.55g/L) for anionic MS or mixing-type emulsions?...... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........ _____(c) 35 mL of 0.8 percent solution of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for cationic emulsions? .......... ........... .......... _____

7. Contents of beaker stirred continuously and vigorously during addition of reagent?............. ........... ........... ........... .. _____

8. Lumps kneaded against side of beaker? .................................................................................................................... _____

9. Kneading continued for 2 min. after addition of reagent? ......................................................................................... _____

10. Mixture decanted onto wire cloth? ............................................................................................................................ _____

11. Beaker and rod rinsed over wire cloth with distilled water?.............. ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ ...... _____

12. Lumps kneaded and beaker, rod, and wire cloth rinsed until water runs clear?........ ........... .......... ........... ............ ..... _____

13. Wire cloth enclosing asphalt placed in beaker with rod?....... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ ........ _____

14. Assemblies placed in 325F (163C) oven? .............................................................................................................. _____

(Preliminary heating at lower temperatures to prevent spattering is permissible)

(ASTM: Pre-drying sample is not acceptable)

15. Samples dried to constant weight (change between two successive weighings less than 0.1 g)? ........... ............ ....... _____

16. ASTM: Only one test is performed/assembly tested?.............................................................................................._____17. Demulsibility calculated as: (A/B) x 100?................................................................................................................ _____

where: A = average weight of demulsibility residues from the 3 tests (AASHTO)

B = weight of residue by distillation in 100 g of sample

COMMENTS:


14/17



DETERMINING DENSITY OF EMULSIFIED ASPHALTS (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6935)_____

Apparatus1. Density cup stainless steel measure of known standard volume (83.2 mL) and cap?........... ........... ........... ........... _____2. GP1 balance? ............................................................................................................................................................ _____3. Constant temperature water bath capable of maintaining 25 0.5C? ..................................................................... _____

Procedure

1. Emulsion stirred and placed in the 25 0.5C water bath for approximately 1 hour?.............................................. _____2. Emulsion removed from water bath and stirred, using care to avoid trapping air in the sample?............... ........... ... _____3. If necessary, strained through a No. 20 (850-m) sieve to remove any skin or film?............................................... _____4. Tared measure and cap brought to approximately 25C and emulsion poured into measure, filling it completely?. _____5. Cap placed into measure and the excess emulsion wiped clean from the measure and cap? ........... ........... ............ .. _____6. With cap tightly in place, measure carefully cleaned and weighed to nearest 0.01 g?.......... ........... .......... ........... .... _____7. Density of asphalt calculated as follows:.................................................................................................................. _____

W = (G) (11.98);

where W is the unit density (g/L) of the emulsion and G is the mass (g) of emulsion in the measure

COMMENTS:


15/17



APPARATUS FOR RESIDUE BY DISTILLATION (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6997) _____

1. Still and Burner Assembly

(a) Still made of aluminum alloy?......................................................................................................................... _____

ASTM: Iron stills are acceptable............................................................................................................._____

Approximately 240 mm (9 1/2 in.) by 95 mm (3 3/4 in.) [AMRL: 5 mm] I.D.? .......... ........... ........... .......... _____(b) Still head, made of aluminum alloy? ............................................................................................................... _____

1) One 1 in. hole for connecting tube?....................................................................................................... _____

2) Two 1/2 in. holes for thermometers? ..................................................................................................... _____

(c) Clamp for still head satisfactory? .................................................................................................................... _____

(d) Seal for still, one of the following? ................................................................................................................. _____

1) Ground joint to a tight fit? ..................................................................................................................... _____

2) Gasket of asbestos or oiled paper?......................................................................................................... _____

ASTM: Any material provided it withstands maximum temperature reached during distillation? ............_____

(e) Burner for still: approx. 4 3/4-in. I.D. ring burner with ports on inner periphery and spacers?....... ........... ..... _____

2. Connecting Apparatus

(a) Glass connecting tube, approx. 12 mm O.D [AMRL: 0.5 mm] (ASTM: 12.5 0.5 mm glass or metal)? .. _____

(b) Bunsen burner for connecting tube?................................................................................................................ _____Wing tip (optional)? ..................................................................................................................................... _____

(c) Metal flame shield? ......................................................................................................................................... _____

(d) Suitable adapter between condenser and graduate?........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ............ . _____

3. Condenser

(a) One of the following?...................................................................................................................................... _____

1) West or Liebig type glass condenser? ................................................................................................... _____

2) Metal-jacketed condenser? .................................................................................................................... _____

ASTM: Other condensers with wetted length of 400 to 550 mm may be used.

(b) Adapter end to accommodate cork connection? .............................................................................................. _____

4. Receiver

(a) 100 mL graduated cylinder? ............................................................................................................................ _____(b) Graduation intervals of 1.0 mL?...................................................................................................................... _____

5. Thermometers

(a) Two ASTM 7C or 7F thermometers (ASTM: or any other thermometric device of equal accuracy)? ........ _____

(b) Corks for thermometers? ................................................................................................................................. _____

6. Miscellaneous

(a) 8 oz. container or suitable molds? ................................................................................................................... _____

(b) A 300-m (No. 50) sieve? ............................................................................................................................... _____

(c) Class G2 balance (0.1 g) available?................................................................................................................. _____

ASTM: Balance capable of weighing 3500 g to 0.1 g?.............................................................................. _____(d) ASTM: Silicone or foil wrapped cork stoppers for still head?..... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... _____

(e) ASTM: Heat resistant rubber tubing of adequate size to secure glass to glass joint of connectingtube and condenser?........................................................................................................................ _____

COMMENTS:


16/17



RESIDUE BY DISTILLATION (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6997) _____

1. Still (with lid; clamp; thermometers; and gasket, if used) weighed? .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ......... _____

2. 200.0 0.1 g representative sample weighed in still assembly?............ ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ............ ... _____

3. One thermometer positioned approximately 1/4 in. from bottom of still? .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... _____

4. Other thermometer positioned approx. 6 1/2 in. [AMRL: thermometer not immersed] from bottom?.............. ........ _____ASTM: This thermometer is not required as long as hole in still head is sealed?................................................._____

5. Ring burner placed around still about 6 in. from bottom? ......................................................................................... _____

6. Ring burner lit? Time: (__________)

7. Connecting tube heated by Bunsen burner to prevent condensation?....... ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ........... _____

8. Ring burner moved to bottom of still when lower thermometer is readable: approx. 420F (215C)?...................... _____

9. Temperature (lower thermometer) increased to 500 10F (260 5C)? ................................................................ _____

10. Temperature maintained at 500 10F (260 5C) for 15 minutes?........................................................................ _____

11. Ring burner shut off? Time: (__________)

12. Elapsed time, steps 6 to 11: 60 15 minutes?........................................................................................................... _____

13. Hot still assembly containing residue immediately weighed to 0.1 g? ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ........... ..... _____

14. Thermal buoyancy correction of 1.5 g added to above gross weight? ........... ........... ........... ........... .......... ............ ..... _____

15. Residue stirred? ......................................................................................................................................................... _____

16. Suitable portions immediately poured into an 8 oz. tin or suitable molds? ........... .......... ........... ........... ........... ......... _____17. If foreign matter present, material poured through a 300-m (No. 50) sieve into suitable molds?........... ........... ...... _____

18. Volume of oil distillate, if present, recorded to nearest 1/2-mL? .............................................................................. _____

19. Volume percent of oil distillate present calculated & reported? ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ... _____

20. Percentage residue by distillation calculated and reported? ...................................................................................... _____

COMMENTS:


17/17


EVALUATING AGGREGATE COATING USING EMULSIFIED ASPHALTS (AASHTO T59) _____(ASTM D6998)_____

Apparatus1. Sieves: a 3/4 in. (19.0-mm) and 1/4 in. (6.3-mm)? .................................................................................................. _____2. Steel spatula, or equivalent, having a blade approximately 200-mm in length? .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .. _____3. Round bottom iron dish or kitchen saucepan, approximately 1 L capacity?.......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ........ _____4. Supply of washed and dried reference stone?........................................................................................................... _____

(a) All passing a 3/4 in. (19.0-mm) sieve and not more than 5% passing the 1/4 in. (6.3-mm) sieve?........... ....... _____5. GP2 balance capable of weighing 1000 g? ............................................................................................................... _____

Procedure

1. 465.0 0.1g of stone weighed into metal pan?......................................................................................................... _____2. 35.0 0.1g of emulsion added to the stone in the pan and mixed vigorously with spatula for 3 minutes? ............. . _____3. Reported whether or not there is appreciable separation of the asphaltic base from the water of the

emulsified asphalt, and whether or not the stone is thoroughly coated with the emulsified asphalt? ............ ........... _____

COMMENTS:

Documents

o Saf 33 Emulsion Worksheets