nTOF4FAIR nTOF4FAIR Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010 Proyecto coordinado entre el CIEMAT,

nnTTOOFF44FAIRFAIRDaniel Cano Ott, nnTTOOFF44FAIR FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010

Proyecto coordinado entre elProyecto coordinado entre elCIEMATCIEMAT, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña y la , Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña y la

Universidad de SevillaUniversidad de Sevilla

Nuclear data for basic nuclear physics and Nuclear data for basic nuclear physics and nuclear waste managementnuclear waste management

““n_n_TTOOFF44FAIR”FAIR”

FPA2011-28770-C03-01FPA2011-28770-C03-01


4 staff researchersDaniel Cano Ott (Researcher – PhD)Juan Blázquez Martínez (Researcher - PhD)Enrique González Romero (Researcher - PhD)Gustavo Martínez Botella (Researcher – PhD)

5 researchersFrancisco Álvarez Velarde (Researcher – PhD)Trinitario Martínez Pérez (Researcher – PhD)Emilio Mendoza Cembranos (CPAN – PhD in 2011)Sara Pérez Martín (Researcher – PhD)María del Carmen Ovejero Mayoral (CPAN)

1 PhD fellowVicente Becarés Palacios (FPI-CIEMAT fellow)Aczel García Ríos (FPI – MICINN fellow)

1 external researcher (postdoc of the group at CERN – n_TOF experiment)Carlos Guerrero Sánchez (CERN fellow – PhD)

1 additional technical engineer (not included in the project submission)Javier Tera Ruedas – dedicated fully to the activities of the group

CIEMAT research group (FPA grant application)CIEMAT research group (FPA grant application)

Total = 8.5 EDP

Scientific results during the last 3.5 years:-25 papers in international journals-45 contributions to international conferences-2 (+1) PhD theses-4 Diploma theses


Neutron capture cross section measurements of minor actinides. World experts (together with FZK and Los Alamos) in Total Absorption Calorimetry in (n,γ) measurements.

Neutron detection. Considered now as one of the reference groups in Europe.

Neutron simulations. The group covers tasks as wide as design of nuclear reactors, design of neutron irradiation facilities, development of Monte Carlo codes (members of the GEANT4 collaboration).

Digital electronics. Long experience with the development of the n_TOF digital DAQ and nowadays designing and building our own digitisers.

CIEMAT group areas of expertiseCIEMAT group areas of expertise


Plan nacional de Física de Partículas: 4+1 grants since the creation of the group

FPA2000-0269-C05-01 (5 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2000 – 2001FPA2001-0144-C05-01 (5 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2001 – 2004FPA2005-6918-C03-01 (3 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2005 – 2008CAC-2007-35 (complementary action), 2008FPAFPA2008-04972-c03-01 (3 institutions, CIEMAT as coordinator), 2009 – 2011

EU Framework Programmes (FPs): 7 projects in the last 3 FPs

nTOF-ND-ADS, 5th FP FIKW-CT2000-00107, 2000 - 2004MUSE, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2000-0063, 2000 - 2003PDS-XADS, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2001-00179, 2001 - 2004ADOPT, 5th FP FIKW-CT-2001- -20178, 2001 - 2004IP-EUROTRANS, 6th FP FI6W-CT-2004-516520, 2005 – 2008 (coordinator of domain 5)REDIMPACT, 6th FP FI6W-CT-2004-002408, 2003 – 2006CANDIDE, 6th FPENSAR, 7th FPANDES, 7th FP (coordinator of the project)

Researchers of CIEMAT are members of various international expert groups on nuclear data (like the NEA-OECD WPEC Subgroup 31) and nuclear technologies (SNETP).

CIEMAT research grants and projectsCIEMAT research grants and projects


Scientific motivation: procurement of nuclear data for basic nuclear physics and applications to nuclear technologies.

1.The continuity of the experimental programme on neutron capture cross section measurements of actinides at the n_TOF facility at CERN.

2.The development of neutron, γ-ray detectors and simulation tools for the DESPEC experiment at the FAIR facility.

3.The test of detectors and scientific exploitation of the equipment developed for FAIR at facilities already available.

4.The development of a fast data acquisition system based on high performance digitisers for neutron (and other type of) detectors.

Trigger the transfer of (some of the) the technologies developed in Spain to the Spanish Industry.

Goals of the Goals of the n_n_TTOOFF44FAIR FAIR projectproject


PS 20GeVPS 20GeVLinacLinac50 MeV50 MeV

BoosterBooster1.4 GeV1.4 GeV

n_TOF 185 mn_TOF 185 mflight pathflight path

Proton Beam20GeV/c

7x1012 ppp

Pb Spallation Target

Neutron Beam10o prod. angle

I. The n_I. The n_TTOOFF facility at CERN facility at CERN


The n_TOF collaborationThe n_TOF collaboration

U.Abbondanno14, G.Aerts7, H.Álvarez24, F.Alvarez-Velarde20, S.Andriamonje7, J.Andrzejewski33, P.Assimakopoulos9, L.Audouin5, G.Badurek1, P.Baumann6, F. Bečvář 31, J.Benlliure24, E.Berthoumieux7, F.Calviño25,D.Cano-

Ott20,R.Capote23,A.Carrillo de Albornoz30,P.Cennini4, V.Chepel17, E.Chiaveri4, N.Colonna13, G.Cortes25, D.Cortina24, A.Couture29, J.Cox29, S.David5, R.Dolfini15, C.Domingo-Pardo21, W.Dridi7, I.Duran24, M.Embid-Segura20, L.Ferrant5, A.Ferrari4, R.Ferreira-Marques17, L.Fitzpatrick4, H.Frais-Koelbl3, K.Fujii13, W.Furman18, C.Guerrero20, I.Goncalves30,

R.Gallino36, E.Gonzalez-Romero20, A.Goverdovski19, F.Gramegna12, E.Griesmayer3, F.Gunsing7, B.Haas32, R.Haight27, M.Heil8, A.Herrera-Martinez4, M.Igashira37, S.Isaev5, E.Jericha1, Y.Kadi4, F.Käppeler8, D.Karamanis9, D.Karadimos9,

M.Kerveno6, V.Ketlerov19, P.Koehler28, V.Konovalov18, E.Kossionides39, M.Krtička31, C.Lamboudis10, H.Leeb1, A.Lindote17, I.Lopes17, M.Lozano23, S.Lukic6, J.Marganiec33, L.Marques30, S.Marrone13, P.Mastinu12, A.Mengoni4,

P.M.Milazzo14, C.Moreau14, M.Mosconi8, F.Neves17, H.Oberhummer1, S.O'Brien29, M.Oshima38, J.Pancin7, C.Papachristodoulou9, C.Papadopoulos40, C.Paradela24, N.Patronis9, A.Pavlik2, P.Pavlopoulos34, L.Perrot7, R.Plag8,

A.Plompen16, A.Plukis7, A.Poch25, C.Pretel25, J.Quesada23, T.Rauscher26, R.Reifarth27, M.Rosetti11, C.Rubbia15, G.Rudolf6, P.Rullhusen16, J.Salgado30, L.Sarchiapone4, C.Stephan5, G.Tagliente13, J.L.Tain21, L.Tassan-Got5,

L.Tavora30, R.Terlizzi13, G.Vannini35, P.Vaz30, A.Ventura11, D.Villamarin20, M.C.Vincente20, V.Vlachoudis4, R.Vlastou40, F.Voss8, H.Wendler4, M.Wiescher29, K.Wisshak8

The Spanish participation amounts to 20%: CIEMAT, IFIC (CSIC – Universidad de Valencia), Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela and Universidad de Sevilla.


CIEMAT’s contributions to the n_TOF experimentCIEMAT’s contributions to the n_TOF experiment

•1 CIEMAT researcher (postdoc) has been permanently at CERN during the entire data taking periods since 2000.•Design of the neutron beam optics and collimators (2000)•Co-design of the high energy neutron shielding (2000).•Co-design of the Total Absorption Calorimeter (2001-2002).•Design of the digital DAQ concept (2000)•Programming and maintenance of the digital data software analysis: pulse shape analysis and data reduction (2001).•Conceptual design of the new spallation target (2008).•Responsible since 2000 of the operation of the total absorption calorimeter and of the (n,γ) cross section measurements of actinides. Spokespersons of the 3 accepted proposals on 237Np, 240Pu, 243Am, 241Am and 235U.•Development of new analysis techniques for the total absorption data (2003-2008).•Spanish spokesperson of n_TOF 2008 –2010: E.González Romero (CIEMAT)•Spanish chairman of the collaboration board since 2011: E. González Romero


The n_TOF Total Absorption The n_TOF Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) for (n,Calorimeter (TAC) for (n,) ) measurementsmeasurements

•40 BaF2 crystals covering 95% of 4.

•98% detection efficiency for capture -ray cascades.

Its operation is responsibility of CIEMAT.

The TAC is a powerful instrument for measuring (n,γ) cross sections of radioactive isotopes like actinides.

C12H20O4(6Li)2

Neutron absorber10B doped carbon

fibre capsules

n beam


237237Np (n,Np (n,γγ) measurement with the TAC () measurement with the TAC (~1 MBq~1 MBq))

PhD thesis of C. Guerrero (CIEMAT)


243243Am(n,Am(n,γγ) measurement () measurement (~100 MBq~100 MBq))

E. Mendoza PhD thesis (CIEMAT)


241241Am(n,Am(n,γγ) measurement in 2010 () measurement in 2010 (~1 GBq~1 GBq))

Preliminary analysis by E. Mendoza (CIEMAT)


(n,(n,γγ) cross section measurements of fissile materials) cross section measurements of fissile materials

The capture cross sections of fissile materials are prioritary data but are difficult to measure.

Two competing channels which produce γ-rays: (n,γ) and (n,f)

For fissile materials: (n,f) 5 · (n,γ) → 10 times more γ-rays

We have to distinguish the γ-rays from neutron capture from the γ-rays produced in the (n,f) reactions.

Solution: measure the fission γ-ray background in coincidence with micromegas fission detectors.

Successful test on 235U performed in 2010. Real measurements have to follow.


Window surrounded by neutron absorber (10B or 6Li doped polyethylene)

Micromegas detectors with the

fissile targets

vacuum

Neutron absorber

Calorimeter

Proposed experimental setupProposed experimental setup

Request: 4 micromegas fission detectors + 235U deposits + neutron shielding



Information from (n,Information from (n,γγ) cascades with the n_TOF/TAC) cascades with the n_TOF/TACThe Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) :

4 detector made of 40 BaF2 crystals

Neutron energy MultiplicityDeposited energy

Protons (20 GeV)

Neutrons (meV-GeV)

Sweeping magnet

Collimators

Additional experimental information consists in:

Energy deposited (Ei) in each crystal as function of multiplicity (mcr)

Correlation between Ei, Ej within each cascade

Total energy in the TAC as function of multiplicity

CIEMAT will transfer the knowledge to UPC on this topic


NUSTARNUSTAR

SuperSuperFRSFRS

FAIRFAIRFAIRFAIR100 m100 mGSIGSIGSIGSI

SIS 100/300SIS 100/300

UNILACUNILAC

ESRESR

SIS 18SIS 18

RESRRESR

NESRNESR

II. The FAIR facilityII. The FAIR facility

Low energy branch. DESPEC & HISPEC experiments


GOAL: To measure neutron emission probabilities Pn and energies in coincidence with γ-rays for neutron rich isotopes with relevance to basic nuclear physics, nuclear astrophysics (r-process) and nuclear technologies (reactor kinetics and control).

Need of a high resolution and high efficiency neutron TOF spectrometer.

Physics motivationPhysics motivation


TOF spectrometer: array of liquid scintillators(BC501A)

The The MOMOdular dular NNeutron eutron SSpectrompectromTERTER - MONSTER - MONSTER

CIEMAT has designed and is leading the construction of a 200 cell neutron spectrometer for the DESPEC (56 institutions, 350 researchers) experiment at FAIR.

High intrinsic detection efficiency in the range of a few 100 keV up to tens of MeV.

For neutron energies below 100 keV, a complementary system is needed.

Funding is requested for the acquisition of a few doped (6Li, 10B) neutron detectors, efficient a energies below 100 keV.


Status of the projectStatus of the project

CIEMAT has completed the scintillator cell design:-Monte Carlo simulations (Diploma theses of E. Reillo and A. García).-Design of the light guide and optimisation of the light collection (Diploma thesis of A. García)-Characterisation of the prototype cell at the metrology laboratory PTB Braunschweig (E. Reillo and A. García)

CIEMAT has completed the design of a low efficiency and low resolution 30 cell demonstrator (compatible with the future array). The demonstrator will be ready by the end of 2011 and used in experiments at the cyclotron of the University of Jyvaskyla in 2012.

CIEMAT leads the international collaboration that will build MONSTER: Spain (CIEMAT, Instituto de Física Corpuscular), Finland (University of Jyvaskyla ), Sweden (University of Uppsala), India (VECC, University of Calcatta).

CIEMAT has established a strong collaboration with the European research groups developing neutron detectors for SPIRAL-2: LPC – Caen (France) and Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (Italy) – NEDA project


CIEMAT is coordinating the neutron detector working group of the entire NUSTAR collaboration: 158 institutions and over 900 members.

CIEMAT has an accepted scientific programme with the MONSTER demonstrator. One accepted proposal at the Cyclotron Laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla and participation to another 4 accepted proposals at Jyvaskyla and GSI together with IFIC and UPC.


Facilities for the FAIR detector assembly at CIEMAT (February 2011)


The 30 cell elements are being assembled and optimised at CIEMAT’s neutron laboratory.


The mechanical structure has been designed entirely by CIEMAT and made at CIEMAT’s workshops.


First part of the structure completed at CIEMAT’s workshops (May 2011)


The MONSTER demonstratorThe MONSTER demonstrator

CIEMAT is currently building the 30 cell demonstrator of MONSTER.-Low energy resolution-Low efficiency

Request: 10 more cells (+10 from IFIC) are necessary for reaching the target efficiency of 10% at 1 m flight path.

Additional funding will be necessary for extending the structure to a larger number of modules.


We aim at manufacturing the Spanish in-kind contribution to MONSTER in Spain. Scientifica International has expressed strong interest and made a preliminary cost evaluation of an individual cell. The price is competitive with detectors available commercially (St. Gobain or SCIONIX).


The combined neutron and γ-ray spectrometry requires high simultaneous detection efficiencies:Largest efficiency of the neutron spectrometer (including solid angle) ~ 25%Largest efficiency of the γ-ray spectrometer based on Ge ~ 10%Neutron- γ coincidence detection efficiency ~ 2% For exotic isotopes, the Qβ and Pn values (neutron emission probabilities) become large. There are cases for which alternative γ-ray detectors like inorganic scintillators become a more reasonable choice.

Improving the n-Improving the n-γγ coincidence detection efficiency coincidence detection efficiency


Geometry simulated for the LaBr3, NaI and BaF2 clovers, four crystals of 5.5 x 5.5 x 11cm.

Clover Germanium detector: 4 crystals of ~4.1 x 4.1 x 7cm.

γγ-ray detectors for combined neutron and -ray detectors for combined neutron and γγ-ray spectrometry-ray spectrometry

Eγ LaBr3(Ce) BaF2 NaI Ge100 keV 86.3 % 86.6 % 87.0 % 92.8 %500 keV 57.9 % 62.7 % 53.9 % 43.2 %

1000 keV 42.2 % 45.0 % 34.8 % 28.8 %1338 keV 36.4 % 38.2 % 28.5 % 23.8 %2000 keV 28.7 % 30.1 % 21.2 % 17.9 %5000 keV 15.5 % 17.4 % 10.1 % 7.93 %

10000 keV 8.31 % 10.1 % 4.53 % 3.41 %

400 k€120 k€


“Recently” developed inorganic scintillators like LaBr3(Ce) do offer excellent energy resolution (better than NaI) and can be grown in large sizes (>3”x3”). They are a reasonable choice for combined neutron and γ-ray spectrometry when high efficiency is required.

The request is part of CIEMAT’s R&D to the Total Absorption Spectrometer for DESPEC.

Additional uses:-Photon strength function measurements at n_TOF.-Use as “neutron detectors” with neutron to γ-ray converters (R&D done by CIEMAT) thanks to its good energy resolution.

Request: an array of 4 LaBr3(Ce) detectors


The R&D and scientific roadmap towards FAIRThe R&D and scientific roadmap towards FAIR

RISING

Spain

signs

RIS

ING M

oU 2

006

Start

of P

RESPEC MoU

200

8

Signat

ure

of F

AIR 2

010

PRESPEC @ GSI PRESPEC @ FAIR

First p

arts

of th

e Sup

er F

RS com

plete

d

DESPEC

2016

/ 20

17


Budapest Research Reactor

PTB Braunschweig – Reference neutron beams

Cyclotron Laboratoryat the University of Jyvaskyla

GANIL/SPIRAL

Centro Nacional de Aceleradores

IRMM – GeelMol Research Reactors

GSI - FAIR

Facilities where CIEMAT is performing experiments/testsFacilities where CIEMAT is performing experiments/tests

LNL Legnaro

YALINA research reactor

n_TOF facilityISOLDE


CIEMAT’s high performance digitiser:•Resolution: 12 bits @ 1 Gsample/s (1 GHz bandwith)•FPGA for trigger decision and pre-processing.•DSP for pulse shape analysis.•2 Gbytes DDR2 for waveform storage.

A fully digital data acquisition systemA fully digital data acquisition system


Funding is requested for the construction of a fully digital DAQ demonstrator, that will serve to take data with virtually any detector.•Scalable•High data throughput (in oscilloscope mode), allowing to store the digital waveforms.•Low data throughput (in pulse shape analysis mode, made on board).•Based on Spanish technology (CIEMAT’s boards)•To be used at FAIR (but also at n_TOF and wherever it is requested).



Coordination between the different subprojectsCoordination between the different subprojects

CIEMAT(coordinator)

Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña

Universidad de Sevilla

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

(FPA2011-24553)


CIEMAT(coordinator)

Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña

Instituto de Física Corpuscular

(FPA2011-24553)

n_TOF (CIEMAT + UPC + IFIC + University of Prague)Analysis of the TAC data for the determination of the nuclear structure properties of actinides (photon strength functions). 1 PhD student from UPC, co-directed by CIEMAT and UPC.

FAIR (CIEMAT + UPC + IFIC)Common experiments at Jyvaskyla and GSI with the BELEN detector (3He neutron detector of UPC), MONSTER (CIEMAT) and the Total Absorption spectrometer (IFIC). The first experiments will use the data acquisition system GASIFIC developed by IFIC. Later on, the CIEMAT flash ADC system will be used as well.


CIEMAT(coordinator)

Universidad de Sevilla

n_TOF. Simulation and design of a new C6D6 detector for n_TOF.Participation in the 32S(n,α) measurement proposed by the University of Sevilla.

GEANT4. Maintenance of the hadronic physics packages for GEANT4. Both University of Sevilla and CIEMAT are members of the GEANT4 collaboration and responsible for this task inside the GEANT collaboration.

CNA. Development of neutron beam lines at the CNA tandem and cyclotron. Characterisation of the neutron beams with the detectors of CIEMAT and CNA.


n_TOF experiment (+ cross section measurements) Amount

Small equipment:4 micromegas detectors for the construction of active targets of 235U.1 Oscilloscope2 computers for data analysis, as replacement of actual computers + portable hard disk drives.

17.660€

Consumables:Borated polyethylene shielding.One container for the micromegas detectors.4 targets of 235U made at IRMM.

34.220€

Travelling expenses:-Shifts and experiments-International conferences-Regular meetings

100.800€


FAIR (high energy neutrons) Amount

Small equipment:CAEN HV board 12 channels2 NIM Crates2 PCs2 MESYTEC amplifiersStabilised LED + fiber optics + pulserElectronic modules10x Hamamatsu tubes R4144 + VD10x BC501A neutron detectors for the demonstrator (to be built by Scientifica International in Spain or by St. Gobain)

199.436€

Consumables:Radioactive sources: Cf-252 (2.6 a) and Y-88 (106 d)Aluminum profiles for the detector structureCablesConnectorsCadmium layers (neutron shielding)Borated polyethylene (neutron shielding)

55.100€

Travelling expenses:-Shifts / experiments-International conferences-Regular meetings

88.956€


FAIR (low energy neutrons) Amount

Small equipment:- 4 PMT for the low energy neutron detectors- Low energy neutron detectors: materials doped with neutron absorbers like 10B or 6Li.

35.400 €

FAIR (γ-ray setup) Amount

Small equipment:Four LaBr3(Ce) crystals of 5.5 x 5.5 x 11cm 118.000 €


Digital data acquisition system Amount

Small equipment:Chasis for the disk drives for the DAQ + controller3 industrial PCs for the DAQ3 power supplies for the crates

18.523 €

Consumables:3 PCI express cards24 Hard disk drives (2TBytes)Electronic components for the digitisers

86.794 €

Travelling expenses:Meetings and conferences.

10.780 €


Summary of the RequestsSummary of the Requests

Direct costs Amount

Small equipment: 389.019 €

Consumables: 180.124 €

Travelling expenses: 203.656 €

Other expenses: 39.690 €

Total: 812.489 €

Personnel: 88.000 €

Complementos salariales 53.550 €

Grand Total: 954.039 €

Direct and indirect costs: 1.154.387 €

1 FPI fellowship (critical)


AppendicesAppendices


FAIR will be an excellent place where to study the decay properties of heavy neutron rich nuclei. Purpose of the DESPEC experiment. The high energy ion beams from the SuperFRS will be slowed down and implanted in active stoppers.

The DESPEC experimentThe DESPEC experiment


Evaluate the performance of the DESPEC TOF spectrometer at a reduced scale (starting configuration with 30 detectors, to be upgraded soon).

Reduced flight path: ~75cm distance from the implantation position.ΔΩ/Ω ~13%

Coincident β-n and β-γ-n events (for the most intense transitions).

Start signal: plastic β-detector in close geometry.Stop signal: liquid scintillator.

The MONSTER demonstrator (CIEMAT)The MONSTER demonstrator (CIEMAT)

γ-ray detectors


The total neutron detection efficiency of the setup has been computed by Monte Carlo simulation with the GEANT4 code: 6.6% at 1 MeV to 2.9% at 10 MeV. One reference cell will be calibrated in with calibrated neutron beams at PTB-Braunschweig.

Δt ~ 1ns, which corresponds to an energy resolution the spectrometer of 16% at 1 MeV and 30% at 10 MeV.


Nuevos materiales centelleantes orgánicos para calorímetrosNuevos materiales centelleantes orgánicos para calorímetros

Nuevos materiales como el LaCl3 (o LaBr3). Análisis en el banco de pruebas del CIEMAT:•Detector de 3” x 3” (más grande en el momento de adqusición)•Fuentes , y de neutrones (252Cf y Am/Be UPM)•Sistema de adqusición de datos digital Acqiris (n_TOF)•Irradiación en PTB-Braunschweig en 2008 con patrones calibrados (proyecto EFNUDAT)

Excelente resolución temporal

Excelente resolución energética


The 437 nuclear reactors in operation worldwide generate about 5800 tons/GWe/year of waste:

•Uranium and structural materials (94% of the mass) . Can be considered as waste (like in Spain) or as valuable resources that should be reprocessed (like in France.•Short lived fission fragments (5%). Decay in 300 years.•Transuranic elements (1%): Pu, Np, Am, Cm… Highly radioactive and long lived. Difficult to handle over long periods (10.000 to 100.000 years).

Uranium and structural materials

Short lived fission

fragments

Transuranic elements

Motivation: the problem of the nuclear wasteMotivation: the problem of the nuclear waste


I. Temporary storage. Short term (2010 ).II. Partitioning and transmutation of the transuranic elements. Mid- and long-term

(2030 ). The transmutation can take place in both ADS and Generation IV critical reactors (with fast neutron spectrum).

III. Geological storage.

Waste management strategiesWaste management strategies

Proton beam

Proton accelerator

:Ip >10 mAEp 1 GeV

Spallation target (Pb –

Bi)

neutrons

Fissions

Nuclear fuel highly enriched in transuranic elements.

1/100

1/1000


The history of the n_The history of the n_TTOOFF facility facility

• 1997 - Concept by C.Rubbia validated by TARC exp. [CERN/EET/Int. Note 97-19]

• May ’98 - Further development of the initial idea towards a working facility [CERN/LHC/98-02+Add]

• Aug ’98 – CERN-GELINA joint Letter of Intent [CERN/SPSC/98-15, I220]

• 1999 – Construction started

• Oct 2000 – First proton on the spallation target

• 2001 to 2004 – Experimental program of n_TOF-Ph1 (NTOF-ND-ADS 5th European Union Framework Programme).

• 2005 to 2007 – Shutdown due to the LHC startup + modifications of the spallation target

• June 2007/January 2008 – n_TOF Review Pannels. Green light for a new target!

• March 2008. MoU signed by CERN and participating institutions.

• November 2008 – Start of the n_TOF-Ph2 commissioning.

• 2009 Measurements (4 accepted beam time requests)


Capture151Sm

204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi232Th

24,25,26Mg90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr

139La186,187,188Os

233,234U237Np,240Pu,243Am

Fission233,234,235,236,238U

232Th209Bi

237Np241,243Am, 245Cm

Measurements of neutron cross sections relevant for Nuclear Waste Transmutation and

related Nuclear Technologies Th/U fuel cycle (capture & fission)

Transmutation of MA (capture & fission) Transmutation of FP (capture)

Cross sections relevant for Nuclear Astrophysics

s-process: branchings s-process: presolar grains

Neutrons as probes for fundamental Nuclear Physics

Nuclear level density & n-nucleus interaction

The n_The n_TTOOF F (2000 – 2004) experiments(2000 – 2004) experiments


The experimental program for n_The experimental program for n_TTOOFF-Ph2-Ph2

Capture measurementsCapture measurements

Mo, Ru, Pd stable isotopes

Fe, Ni, Zn, and Se (stable isotopes)79Se

A≈150 (isotopes varii)

234,236U, 231,233Pa

235,238U

239,240,242Pu, 241,243Am, 245Cm

r-process residuals calculationisotopic patterns in SiC grains

s-process nucleosynthesis in massive starsaccurate nuclear data needs for structural materials

s-process branching pointslong-lived fission products

Th/U nuclear fuel cycle

standards, conventional U/Pu fuel cycle

transmutation of minor actinides (CIEMAT)


Fission measurementsFission measurements

MA

235U(n,f) with p(n,p’)

234U(n,f)

ADS, high-burnup, GEN-IV reactors

new 235U(n,f) cross section standard

study of vibrational resonances at the fission barrier

Other measurementsOther measurements

147Sm(n,), 67Zn(n,), 99Ru(n,)58Ni(n,p), other (n,lcp)

Al, V, Cr, Zr, Th, 238U(n,lcp)

He, Ne, Ar, Xe

n+D2

p-process studiesgas production in structural materials

structural and fuel material for ADS and other advanced nuclear reactors

low-energy nuclear recoils (development of gas detectors)

neutron-neutron scattering length


Data taking with digital electronics is limited only by the scientist’s imagination.

A 12 bit (14 bit) flash ADC with 1 Gsample/s is a nearly universal digitiser:

Fast and high resolution pulse sampling.

Large dynamic range.

Mounted on an FPGA on board pulse shape analysis data reduction.

Digital electronicsDigital electronics


Fissiontarget

Analysing magnet

spectroscopic setup

precision trap

microchannel plate (MCP)

IGISOL facility

JYFLTRAP setup

7 T

magn

et

purification trap

Si 1

Si 2

+

2000

1500

1000

500

0

Co

unts

/fre

que

ncy

106490010648001064700

Frequency Hz

A = 101

Y

Zr

Nb

Mo

Purification trap

Precision trap

Isobar spectrum of A=101 fission products measured

at spectroscopy setup

The IGISOL The IGISOL facitily at JYFLfacitily at JYFL

IGISOL offers excellent conditions for measuring those isotopes:

-High yield-Clean beams after the traps


Simulación Monte Carlo del blanco de producción.

Simulación Monte Carlo de la sala experimental del CNA.

Diseño mecánico del blanco.

Geometry of the targetGeometry of the 3 MV tandem hall

A A 77Li(p,n) neutron source at the CNA 3 MV tandem acceleratorLi(p,n) neutron source at the CNA 3 MV tandem accelerator


RAW data – 197Au (102 “signals”)

The importance of digital electronicsThe importance of digital electronics


RAW data – 243Am (1 “signal”)


Documents

nTOF4FAIR nTOF4FAIR Daniel Cano Ott, nTOF4FAIR – Proyecto Coordinado Plan Nacional I+D+i 2008, 18 de Mayo de 2010 Proyecto coordinado entre el CIEMAT,