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ONLINE PEDAGOGY: K-12 DISTANCE TEACHING AND LEARNING
Nov 2012Presenter: Sophia Palahicky, MDE
What is my goal?
To spark a discussion about the importance of pedagogy in distance education?
What comes to mind when you think about teaching?
What comes to mind when you think about teaching?
Prioritize these: Learning Technology Pedagogy
What comes to mind when you think about distance education?
What comes to mind when you think about distance education?
Prioritize these: Learning Technology Pedagogy
How would you prioritize these?
Teaching and Learning Teaching and Technology Teaching and Pedagogy
Google Results
Teaching and Learning yielded 401,000,000 results in a Google search Nov 13, 2012
Teaching and Technology yielded 621,000,000 results in a Google search Nov 13, 2012
Teaching and Pedagogy yielded 16,100,000 results in a Google search Nov, 2012
Results of Google Search Nov 2012
Teac
hing
& Lea
rnin
g
Teac
hing
& T
echn
olog
y
Teac
hing
& P
edag
ogy
0100,000,000200,000,000300,000,000400,000,000500,000,000600,000,000700,000,000
Column2Column1Series 1
How would you prioritize these?
Distance education and learning Distance education and technology Distance education and pedagogy
Google Results
Distance education and learning yielded 94,900,000 results in a Google search Nov 13, 2012
Distance education and technology yielded 141,000,000 results in a Google search Nov 13, 2012
Distance education and pedagogy yielded 3,370,000 results in a Google search Nov 13, 2012
Results of Google Search Nov 2012
0
40,000,000
80,000,000
120,000,000
160,000,000
Column2Column1Series 1
Results of Google Search Nov 2012
Teac
hing
& P
edag
ogy
Dista
nce
Educ
atio
n & P
edag
ogy
0
4,000,000
8,000,000
12,000,000
16,000,000
Column2Column1Series 1
How have these been prioritized?
Technology
Learning
Pedagogy
LAST
What is pedagogy?
Pedagogy is the art or science of teaching; the instruction in teaching methods.
Retrieved from http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencemsaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsPedagogy.htm
What is pedagogy?
The term pedagogy refers to the art of teaching, with "ped" being the Greek root for "child."
Retrieved from http://www.web-conferencing-zone.com/4086-pedagogy.htm
What is distance education pedagogy?
Distance education pedagogy is the art or science of teaching at a distance; the instruction in teaching methods for distance delivery.
Active learning pedagogy
Active learning methodology has become a preferred way to change the traditional teacher centered classroom into the newer student centered approach to learning.
The objectives of active learning techniques are to foster a more conducive learning environment for the student so that the student has an active role in his or her learning process.
Retrieved fromhttp://www.earthportals.com/Portal_Messenger/ActiveLearning.html
Social pedagogy
Social Pedagogy is an academic discipline concerned with theory and practice of holistic education and care.
Retrieved fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_pedagogy
Distance education pedagogy Theories of learning (How people
learn?) Collaborative learning Increasing opportunities for
interaction Multimedia principles Technology era (What tools are
available?) The use of technology
Do you agree?
Many educators pride themselves on being pedagogically (as opposed to technologically) driven in their teaching and learning designs. (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Retrieved fromhttp://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/890/1663
The Cognitive-Behaviourist Pedagogy of Distance Education (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Change in behaviour:1.gain learners’ attention,2. inform learner of objectives,3. stimulate recall of previous information,4. present stimulus material,5. provide learner guidance,6. elicit performance,7. provide feedback, 8. assess performance,9. enhance transfer opportunities.
(Gagne, 1965)
Social-Constructivist Pedagogy of Distance Education (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Social-constructivist pedagogy acknowledges the social nature of knowledge and of its creation in the minds of individual learners. Teachers do not merely transmit knowledge to be passively consumed by learners; rather, each learner constructs means by which new knowledge is both created and integrated with existing knowledge. (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Connectivist Pedagogy of Distance Education (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
The third generation of distance-education pedagogy emerged recently and is known as connectivism. Canadians George Siemens (Siemens, 2005a, 2005b, 2007) and Stephen Downes (2007) have written defining connectivist papers, arguing that learning is the process of building networks of information, contacts, and resources that are applied to real problems. (Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Which do you subscribe to? Cognitive-Behaviourist Pedagogy
(your goal is to change behaviours) Social-Constructivist Pedagogy (your
goal is to provide opportunities for learners to construct their own knowledge)
Connectivist Pedagogy – (your goal is to facilitate information networks)
Does your teaching reflect your pedagogy?
Do you talk or lecture the majority of the time? Do you ask questions and facilitate discussions? Do you allow students to interrupt to ask questions at
any time? How often do you have students working in groups? Do you allow or encourage peer review opportunities? How soon do you respond to emails or questions? How soon do you return marked assignments? Do your students mostly read information and then
answer questions? Do your students mostly watch videos and then answer
questions? Do you use any type of threaded discussion forums?
Are you thinking about curriculum alignment?
One of the most fundamental things in the process of instructional design is the consideration of alignment of three elements: learning outcomes; learning activities; and assessments.
Effective instruction requires that these three elements are aligned in all aspects of the course; modules, units, sections, and lessons. This is what is referred to as curriculum alignment.
Curriculum alignment is very closely linked to constructive alignment. The 'constructive' aspect refers to the idea that students construct meaning through relevant learning activities (Biggs, 2003).
In order to determine what content needs to be covered in a course, the learning outcomes or learning objectives need to be identified. After the outcomes are mapped out, relevant and appropriate learning activities are selected. These learning activities should then inform content selection.
Access to the content is not enough!
Read this then do this.
View this then do this.
Listen to this then do this.
Read this. As you are reading, do this, this, this.
View this. As you are viewing, do this, this, this.
Listen to this. As you are listening, do this, this, this
Are you thinking about levels of learning?
Blooms Taxonomy Revised retrieved from http://techoverview.wikis.msad52.org/file/view/blooms_revised_taxomony.jpg/53108552/blooms_revised_taxomony.jpg
Retrieved from http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/890/1663
Are you?
A content creator, a sage on the stage?
A discussion leader, a guide on the side?
A critical friend, a co-traveler?(Anderson & Dron, 2011)
Let’s get our priorities right!
Pedagogy
Learning
Technology
LAST