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NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
1
April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM
Topographic Maps
Apr 69:56 PM
Topographic Maps
A map that uses ___________ to show the _____________
_____________ of an area as if you were looking down on
it from above.
symbols surfacefeatures
Apr 128:41 AM Apr 69:56 PM
Otego, NY
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Unadilla, NY
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Topographic Maps
Used to provide highly ____________ information, such as:
______________________
______________________
__________________________________________
accurateElevationReliefSlope of the ground surface
Gradient
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
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April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM
Topographic MapsCommon uses:
Official:
____________________________
____________________________
Recreational:
_________________
_________________
Highway construction
CampingHiking
Search and Rescue
Apr 69:56 PM
Topographic Maps
Government agency responsible for making topographic maps for our country:
United States ___________________ _____________Geological Survey
Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Elevation: height above _______ ____________
_____________ ___________: Isopleth connecting points of
_________ ______________
sea level
equal elevation
Contour Line
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Elevation of point A:Elevation of point B:Elevation of point C:
75 feet45 feet55 feet
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Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Contour _________________: difference between two lines.
__________ Contour Line: a _______________ contour line
which is ____________ with a
__________.
IntervalC.I.
Index thickerlabeled
value
Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
__________________ Contour Line: Special contour lines
used to show a __________ or ___________ on Earth’s
surface.
Drawn like regular contour lines; however, the are
marked on the ____________ with small ___________
Depression
cavity crater
inside dashes
called HACHURE MARKS
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
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April 13, 2016
Apr 187:23 PM
Add to notes:
The first line of depression is EQUAL to the previous normal contour line
(Unless otherwise noted)
Apr 69:56 PM
?
??
What are the correct names for each of these lines?
Apr 69:56 PM
What are the correct names for each of these lines?
Contour Line
Depression ContourIndex Contour
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Contour Interval: ________________________
Maximum Elevation: _____________________
Maximum Elevation of the Crater: ___________
Minimum Elevation of the Crater: ___________
Maximum Depth of Crater: ________________
20 feet
259 feet140 feet81 feet59 feet
Add to notes:
Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Spot Elevations: Elevations of points of interests
Marked with an ___________X
Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Map Ratio (aka, Scale): Ratio that compares a measurement
on a map to the _______ ___________
Example: 1:24000
actual distance
1 inch = 24,000 inches (2,000 feet)
1 cm = 24,000 cm (240 meters)
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
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April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Relief: ___________________ in elevation between the
_____________ and _____________ point in an area
Differencehighest lowest
240 feet- 80 feet160 feet
Apr 69:56 PM
Terms Specific to Topographic Maps
Gradient (slope): Change of a field value between two points.
____________ over ___________
Change in Gradient =
Distance
Known as the _________________ of an area.
rise run
ELEVATION
steepness
Apr 69:56 PM
ESRT (Page 1)
Apr 69:56 PM
Calculate the gradient:
Gradient = 10,000 feet5 miles
= 2,000 feet/mile
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Find thegradientbetweenpoints 'B' and 'D':
1st Step: Use the provided scale to determine the DISTANCE between the two locations
0.4 miles0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
0 1 2 3 4 50°
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
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April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM
Find thegradientbetweenpoints 'B' and 'D':
Gradient = change in elevation distance
= 1,500 '0.4 mi.
= 3,750 feet/mile
Apr 69:56 PM
Tip: Gradient can be quickly estimated visually by realizing that contour lines that are
Close together = ___________ terrain
Farther apart = ____________ terrain
steeper
flatter
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Where is the steepest part of this island?
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Match the landform profile to the to its correct contours
Apr 69:56 PM
Match the landform profile to the to its correct contours
Apr 69:56 PM
Law of “V’s”
River valleys
Contour lines bend ______________ where theycross a river causing a “v” to be formed.
These “v’s” point __________________
Can be used to quickly determine the _____________a stream is flowing.
upstream
upstream
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
6
April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM Apr 69:56 PM
Law of “V’s”
River valleys
Contour lines bend ______________ where theycross a river causing a “v” to be formed.
These “v’s” point __________________
Can be used to quickly determine the _____________a stream is flowing.
upstream
upstream
direction
Apr 69:56 PM Apr 267:59 AM
Useful Tip:
Elevations will decrease when approaching a stream.....
and increase when going awayfrom a stream.
Apr 268:09 AM Apr 268:05 AM
?
NOTES Topo Maps.notebook
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April 13, 2016
Apr 69:56 PM
Drawing Profiles
Step 1: Select two points on a topographic map that you are interested in drawing a profile and connect
them with a straight line:
Apr 69:56 PM
Drawing Profiles
Step 2: Use a plain piece of paper as a straight edge to connect the two points and make “tic” marks on the
plain paper at every point it contacts a contour line (or a stream):
Apr 69:56 PM
Drawing Profiles
Step 3: Use lined paper and make an appropriate elevation scale along the left margin (starting slightly lower than the lowest elevation along your profile line)
Use your ‘tic’ marked piece of plain paper as the horizontal axis and plot the elevations on the field of the lined paper.
Connect the plots with a smooth line to form the profile of the selected area.
or simply a "dip"(not dotted)
Apr 69:56 PM
Drawing Profiles
Apr 69:56 PM
Practice Drawing Profile: