Notebook for Staff Officer

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NOTE BOOK

FOR THE

GENERAL STAFF OFFICER.

IN SIX PARTS.

PREPARED AT THE ARMY GENERAL STAFF COLLEGE

AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES FRANCE.

PARISIMPRIMERIE DE VAUGIRARD

L . Motti, Directeur

12, 13, Impasse Ronsin.

J9l«.



General Headquarters

American Expeditionary Forces.

Office ofChief of Staff,France, June 30, 1918.

This Note Book for the General Staff Officers

is approved and is published for the information

of this Command.

By Command of General Pershing :

JAMES W. Me ANDREW,

Chief of Staff.

Official :

ROBERT C. DAVIS,

Adjutant General.



Professional Papers of the General Staff College.—A. E. F. France.

NOTE BOOK

FOR THE

GENERAL STAFF OFFICER

PARTS.

I. Move orders.

11. Combat orders (war of position)

111. Combat orders (war of movement)

IV. MICELLANEOUS NOTES.

V. List of abbreviations used.

VI. Index.

Prepared under the

Direction of the Commandant Army Schools—A. E. F. France.



5

FORM OF FIELD ORDERS

In •war of position.

The form as outlined in Par. 90, F. S. R.,

willbe adhered to as far as practicable.The field order aims to give such instructions

as are applicable to all the troops of the com-

mand, or necessary for all troops to know.

The more detailed instructions, technical intheir nature, or of limited application, appear

in the various Annexes. The field order is the

skeleton, which supports the annexes, and is

"filled out by them. The Administrative"Order referred to in F. S. R. becomes merely

an annex to the field order.

The heading willfollow the requirements of

Par. 91, F. S. R., with the followingmodifica-

tions :

a) The hour of issue is generally omitted.b) At its first appearance, the fieldorder is no

more than a project. Frequently issued

weeks ahead of its execution, it is changedfrom time to time as conditions warrant or

demand. When first issued, therefore, the

date and number of the order are left blank,

to be filled in when the operation as a

whole, with its details as prescribed in thefield order and annexes, is finally determi-

ned on. It then becomes an authoritative



6

order,needing

onlythe determination ofDday and H hour to make it cotnp'ete. This

willbe published in a brief field order later.

The body contains information and instruc-

tions for the command and is arranged in num-

bered paragraphs. Divisions of par agaphs are

indicated successively by small letters inparen-

theses in themargin. In

along

order both theparagraphs and the lettered sub paragraphsshould be given a titleheading to aid the reader

in referring to vai ious parts of the order. Sub-

divisions of the lettered divisions arc indicated

successively by arabic numerals in parentheses,and indented (not in margin). (See Attack

Order of a Division, Part II.)

Inwar of movement.

The form of the field order as outlined inPar. 90, F. S. R. willbe adhered to .

The notes given in this book, therefore con-

cern themselves more with the AdministrativeOlder based on the Field Order



PART I.

MOVE ORDERS.

Contents.

1. Move of a division by rail.

2. Move of a division by road.

3. Move of a division by bus.

4. The relief of a division in the line.

5. Upon being rel ieved in the line.



9

i .-MOVE OF A DIVISIONBY RAIL.—1 The warning message. (Sent if practicable

by wire or other means for purpose of giving

all concerned a general idea of the situation

or movement before the more detailed Field

Orders are prepared).Should cover the followingpoints.

a) Destination.

b) Date of commencement of move for units

concerned.

c) Any instructions for billetingparties.

2 The field order.— Should cover the following

points.Date of entrainment.

Entraining stations.

Duration of journey.

Detail of officers who are to be in charge of

entraining stations and of arrangement regar-

ding march thereto and loading of trains.

Roadsavailable for troops marching to entrai-ning station.

Detraining stations (these may be given later in

the Administrative Order and onlya reference

to them made in the Field Order).

Any general information regarding allotment

of billets in the new area.

Detailed instructions for billetingparties.

Instructions for movement of the motor trans-

portation of the Division,including the route.

Reference to instructions to follow in Adminis-



10

trative Order regarding, chnnges of railhead——refilling supply— evjeuation of sick men

and animals. Field and Combat trains to

accompan3' units.

The detail (ifa representative of G 1and G 3 to

remain in the present Hq. until the move iscompleted.

Dateand hour of

closingthe old and

opening

the new Division Headquarters.

—3 The Administrative Order. Based on the

FnH Order should cover the following points.

Entraining Table (see Sample Table A).

Times of arrival of transportation at the entrai-ning stations.

Time troops willarrive at entraining station.

Direct that each Tn. C. O. have ready for the

R. T. O. a statement showing numbers of offi-

cers, men, horses, mules, vehicles (specified

by Type, c. g. Rollingkitchens, etc.) ;baggage

that is to go on his train.This paragraph of the Administrative Order will

also prescribe that Detach. G. O. will pre-

pare similar lists for their train C. O's.

Detail of tru ks or wagons lo report to theEntraining ollicers named in the Field Order.

o) Composition of billeting parties, (i. c. num-

ber of N.C.

O's or privat s fromeach

orga-

nization to accompany the Billeting officers).

Number of days rations to be taken by billeting—parties bicycles ifpracticable.



11

Where the billeting officers are to report at endof journey for accommodations.

The C. B.0. -Where and to whom he reports

for instructions. —b) Details for loading trains.— (Note : it is

recommended that, when practicable, the

same details perform this work for the entire

division. They will then leave on the last

train).c) Officers to supervise detrainment. The offi

cer for each group, to proceed by first train

and leport to R. T. O. of detraining station

on arrival.

Direct necessary arrangements to be made for

their relief.

d) Evacuation of sick and wounded.c) Number of rations to be taken by troops.

Order double issue, ifnecessary.

/)Distributing Points in the new area.

g)Movement of supply train.



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13

Duties of Staff During Move of a Division

Rail

( hief of Staff :

(1) Informs his assistants (Gl,G2 fG3) of the order—to move destination (ingeneral) of the divi-—sion general purpose of the move (c. g.

from a training area to front, or vice versa),date move must be completed.

(2) Special order ifany in which units are to bemoved.

(3) Any special instructions of the DivisionCommander (c. g. the sending of a staff officer

on a special mission, etc.).

Duties of Gl.

(1) Find out from G3 how much of the move

G3 proposes to regulate.

(2) Meet the representative of the Transportation

Department, to prepare the entraining table

and make all arrangements for the trains.

(3) Prepare thej administrative order. (Thismust agree with G3 plans.)

(4) Ifnecessary wireßegulating Station in time

to get travel rations delivered before depar-ture.

(5)If extra trucks are needed, obtain them fromsome motor unit of the division or borrow

them from the corps.

(6) Make arrangements for billeting of loadingparties, etc., near entraining station.

(7) Make all billetingarrangements for new area.



14

(8) Make any necessary arrangements for careof property or supplies to be lefL behind.

Detail an assistant to remain at old Division

Headquarters until closed.

(9) Detail an assistant to report to new Army

Corps Hqs.

(10) Supervise the carrying out by all concerned

of the orders as issued.

Duties of Assistant Gl on going to report at new

Army Corps Headquarters.

(1) Sec that alldetraining arrangements are tho-

roughly gone into and have all necessaryinstructions ready for the troops on arrival.

Get into touch wilh the Supt. Rail Transpor-

tat'on and R. T. O's concerned.

Make all possible arrangements for comfort ot

the tro"ps on arrival, and for water for the

horses, near detraining stations.

(2) Arrange offices for new Divisional Head

quarters and visit the different Biigade Head

quarters, and see what they are like.

(3) Visit the new Supply Railhead and seethat the refillingpoint is a suitable one.

(4) On visiting Army Corps Headquarters, payparticular attention to the followingmatters :

a) See Gl.and obtain any local orders or regu-

lations affecting the Division.

b) Obtain from Gl new A-my Corps an area

map, and any information available as to

horse standings baths, laundries, canteens,

etc., also find out what Area Commandants



15

and Town Majors are in the area which theDivision is going to take over.

c) Assistant Gl and Assistant G3 must work

together. The most important thing of allis loget the* troops comfortably into the new

area and their billets.

d) Inquiie about any lentage and area storesto be taken over.

c) Find out arrangements about evacuation

hospitals, remoun's and sick horses./) Go and see the Disbursing Officer of the

area and make inquiries about pay, etc.g) Wire Divisional Headquarters about any

administrative difficulties or any matter

requiring a ruling.

Duties of G3.

(1) Prepare Ihe FieM Order.

(2) Make arrangements for detraining in new

area. This can be best done by sending an

Assistant G3 lo new area.

(3) Detail an A sistantG3to remain at oldDivi-

sion Headquarters until closed.

(4) Supervise the carrying out by all concerned

of the orders as issued.

Duties of Assistant G3 on going to report at new

Army Corps Headquarters.

(1) Find out how long the division is likely to

be out of the line, and wire G3 at once so

that if necessary he can issue a memorandum

on training.



16

(2) Find out what is likely to be the Division'snext mission.

(3) Find out training area and facilities.

How best allotted.

Get sketch maps of it.

Go and see itand think out sub-allotment.

Put in for requirements at once.

(4) Getmaps of the division area.

Get a few maps ofany country the Division is

likely to be fighting in shortly (according to

information given at Army Corps Headquar-ters).

(5) Make certain that everj^ unit on detrainingreceives,

a) A map, or maps of the area in which they

are billeted.b) Instructions with regard to routes to be

used on way to billets.

(6) Ensure that the Division be billeted in the

"rea, without any units having to go into"—shelter tents ifnot extra area should be

asked for.

(7) Make certain that when away from the newDivision Headquarters his whereabouts are

known.

(8) Be ready to report to G3 on his arrival at

the new Division Headquarters with the

above information.



3

17

2—MOVE OF A DIVISION BY ROAD.

1 The Warning Message.

As in the move of a Djvisionby Rail, but shouldinclude, when halts for the night

made, the assignment of staging

units.

are

areas

to be

to

2 The Field Order.

Should cover the followingpoints.

The march table (See sample table B)A table showing accommodations for troops inthe new areas (including those in staging

areas). (See sample C).Any special March Regulations of the new

Corps Area entered (c. g. distances between

Bns. etc.).Any instructions regarding training.

See paragraphs 4 and 5 ofForms forCompleteOrders, p. 198.-F.S.R. 1914.

The Administrative Order.

Based on theFieldOrder should cover the follow

ing points.

Billetingparties.

Dumps of surplus property ofQ.M.—Ord.—Engr—Exchange— and organization property

to be formed and left under guard.2



18

(1) For each Brigade under supervision ofBrig.

CO.

(2) For Divisional troops under supervision of

C. O. Tns.

The DivisionalQ.M. to be notifiedof location and

weight of each dump.

Extra transportation. —Ration section field Tn. Full section ? Empty

section ?

Movement of Supply Train.Distributing Points for various dates?

Railhead.

Evacuation, etc.

Roads for troops.



19

*..

O ACCOMPAACCOMPA V F. O.. O. X DIV SION.ION.DIV

S»rial»rial DateateNo.o.

i

Mayay

255

255

266

Organizations andrganizations andFromrom To.o.

Coiuuiiiniler.oiuuiiiniler.

Brig. Gen.rig. R.en. R. Nameame NameameDiv.Hq.iv . &Hq.q. &Hq.Tr. 51st I.if.r. 51st I.if. off offBrig.de 101>trig.de 101>tM. G. Ba C".. G. Ba C". AreaireaiArearea"B " &B" "C""C"101st01 Ensjrs.t Ensjrs.1(14 tliAinh. C\(14 tliAinh. C\104 Hi F. H. C°.04 Hi F. H. C°.

llq.&M.P.Trainlq.&M.P.TrainE.igr. Tn..igr. Tn.

Brigade den.rigade C.en. C.52nd Int". lli^.2nd Int". lli^.iol>t F.ol>t Sig.F. Sig.

Bn. llq. & I".n. llq. & I".

A.lOlslEngrs..lOlslEngrs.

S.A.A wagonS.A.A wagon& truck Cos.ruck Cos.

Same asame Serials SerialN". 2 (loss S.". 2 (loss S.A. A.. wagon. wagon& truck cos.)ruck cos.)

etc.tc.

etc.tc.

Routes.outes.

Roadoad

to beo be

followedollowed

Same asame as

Serialerial

N°. 1°. 1

No reslrico reslric-lions asions tos tothe route.he route.

etc.tc .

elc.lc .

Remarks.emarks.

To Vie clear ofo Vie clear ofXYZYZ

by 8 :30 a. m.y 8 :30 a. m.No middayo nalt.idday nalt.to takeo place,take place, i

Head ofead colf col-umns notmns loot lo

reach WXYeach WXYbefore 9: 00 a.efore 9: 00 a.in. S.A. A.wan. S.A. A.wa-gon &on trucktruckcos. willbe bitos. willbe bitleled andeled rend re-main atain NON.t NON.

No troops to heo troops to hewest ofest roadf roadbefore 7:30 a.efore 7:30 a.m..

etc.tc.

etc.tc.



20

SAMPLE TABLE OF ACCOMMODATIONS C.

X Infantry Division.

American Expeditionary Force.

Date.

—ssignmensignmen :inging reas ineas in rea.ea.

UNIT.NIT. FROMROM TOO DISTANCE.ISTANCE.

5 Brig. Hq.rig. Hq.

102 M. G. Bn.02 M. G. Bn. NAMEAME NAMEAME TO BE.O BE.

Hq.and 101 Inf.q.and 101 Inf. OFF OFF MAKCHED.AKCHED.(less 1less Bn.)Bn.)

IBn. 102 Inf.Bn. 102 Inf. AREA.REA. AREA.REA.

104 Amb.04 Co.mb. Co.

104 F. Hosp. Co.04 F. Hosp. Co.

etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc . etc.tc.



21

4 Duties of Staff Officers During Move of a

Division by Road.

Chief of Staff :

Outlines the plan of the Division Commander

to his assistants.

Duties of Gl.

(1) Prepare the Administrative Order.

(2) During continuous movement Gl must

obtain information by reconnaissance of

capacity, water and road facilitiesof each daybilleting area.

(3)He must know from whatrailheads or dumps

the division is to draw its daily supply offood, ammunition or other supplies. (This

is obtained from Corps H. Q., Gl of the Divi-

sion being responsible that the trains inte-

rested are informed Ordnance and mail bags

willusually arrive with the supply train at

the railhead).

Duties of G2.

(1)Prepare ifpracticable each day sketch map

of the next days marches.

(2) Prepare from allavailable data any informa-tion of the new area for the Staff.

(3) Issue guide books or reconnaissance memo-

randa ifnecessary.Duties of G3.

(1) Prepares the Warning Message.

(2) Prepares the Field Order.



22

(3) Makes inspections (personally and by assis-tants) during march to see that the march

discipline of the Command is maintained.

(4) Makes the March Graphic Table ifused (SeeMisc. Notes on March Graphics).—

Note:ItIs the especial duty ofall staff officers to see that theorders as issued are carried out by all concerned.

3.—MOVE OF A DIVISION BY BUS.

1. The Warning Message.

Should cover the followingpoints : " "a) General composition of columns as X

Brig., etc.

b) Dale each column moves.

c) Hour that Billeting Officers are to report

to Divisional Headquarters for instruction.d) Staging areas ifnecessary.

2. The Field Order.

Should cover the followingpoints :a) March Table—not only of the bus columns—

but also of all other columns, such as FieldTrains, etc,

b) Any special regulations about march distance

between units in the new area.

Note :—March table willhave the same form ns In the case" " of theMove of a Division by Road withan additional ci.lumn

showing how the units are to proceed, c. g. by bus or road.



23

3 The Administrative Order.Should cover the followingpoints :

a) Detailed arrangements for the supply sys-

tem, especially for the bus units arriving innew area before their field trains.

b) Railhead and Distributing Points in new

Area. —c) Billeting Parties instructions.d) Instructions for A. P. M.— covering period

ofmove— especially whilein a staging area.—

c) Mail Evacuation— men— animals, etc.—

f)C. 0. Tns. Orders for refilling in new area.

4. Duties of Staff Officers During Move

of a Division by Bus.

Chief of Staff :

Outlines the plan of.the Division Commander

to his assistants.

Duties of Gl.

(1) Inform Town Majors or Area Commandants

exactly what the units consist of, time ofarrival, route and name of senior officer

and supply arrangements to be made. Sup-ply of water must be looked into.

(2) Send Asst. Gl to office ofCommander ofBusPark. He should be accompanied by repre-sentatives of units moving by bus, (c. g.

Brigs, etc.). All should be warned of this



24

meeting, so that when it occurs, all detailsof move may be thrashed out.

(3) A.P. M. shoul dbe warned ofmove. He must

arrange for control of embussing and debus-

sing points, and for marking them properly.

He arranges for traffic control along route.

(4) Gl must see that all concerned are conver-

sant

with Orders onBus Moves. Everything

should be clear to Brigade and Regimental

Staffs.

(5) Gl should see that extra trucks are secured

from Corps ifneeded, for transportation of—extra kits blankets— and property of per-

sonnel moving by Bus.

(6) Brig. Adjutant issues the order for the for-

ming up of personnel of his Brigade for BusMove. Details guides. Details an officer to

see that move is carried out properly. Latter

usually travels in Bus Officer's car.

(7) For troops coming out of the line arrange

for Medical Service at embussing point.

(8) Direct an Asst. to make reconnaissance of

Embussing Point.

Duties of G3.

(1) Inform Gl at once of the units to be moved—by bus and those (if any) that are to proceed

by road.(2) Prepare the Field Order.



25

4.-THE RELIEF OF A DIVISIONIN THE LINE.

i The Field Order.

Should cover the followingpoints :

The date the relief willcommence and when itwillbe completed. (See Relief Table D.)

Details ofInfantry Relief to be arranged betweenCommanding Officers of units concerned.—

C. O's Signal Battalion, Divisional Surgeon,

Divisional Engineer Officer to arrange details

of Relief of units with corresponding C. O's.

Command of Sub Sectors to pass on completion

of Infantry Reliefs.Any special instructions regarding roads to be

—avoided shelled areas, etc.

All units to be under orders of old Div.C. G.until the command passes.

Artillery.

At what time advanced parties are to proceed.—

Defense schemes— maps trench stores, etc., to

be taken over.

Date when Division Commander will assumecommand; Location ofDivisionalHeadquarters.

Note:—Machine Guns should not be relieved on same night as theInfantry Units to which they are attached.

2. The Administrative Order.


Billetingparties.

Arrangement for transportation of advanced

parties.



26

Div.Q. M. to take over Baths and Laundries ofArea from outgoing Q. M. Delousing Stations.

The Div. Surgeon to take over the rest staiion.

Brig. G. O. to arrange to take over all dumps,trench stores, reserve supplies in strong

points, area stores and forward copy of sche-dule of such stores to these Headquarters.

Railheads.— Evacuation Men and Animals.

Distributing Points.

Supply system in new area :

(1) For units drawing from outgoing Division

before entire relief is completed.

(2) For units of outgoing Division left after in-coming Division has taken over.

(3) Baggage Sections. F. Tns.—

(4) Ordnance Stores where issued.(5) Assignment of additional trucks for moving.

(6) Call a meeting of Div. Q. M., Brig. Adjts.,

C.O's Tns., A.P. M., CO. Hq. Tn. Give place

and date of meeting.

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28

3. Duties oi Staff During the Relief of a

Division in the Line.

Chief of Staff :

(1) Attends the preliminary conference of his

division commander with the division com

mander of the troops to be relieved.(2) Informs his assistants of the method ot

taking over the new sector, (i.e. general assi-gnment ofsub-sectors) and the date the relief

willcommence and be completed.

Duties of Gl.

(1) Make personal reconnaissance of area and

visitGl of outgoing Division.— —

(2) Method ofcarrying out relief;by road bus

train.

(3) Movement of transport of troops moving in.(4) Movement of transport of troops movingout.

(5) Billeting and advanced parties.

(6) Supply arrangements.

(7) Transport lines and auto standings.(8) Dumps—Trench Stores— Standings.

(9) Baths— Laundry—Rest Stations.

(10) Permanent inhabitants (troops) ofsector

(11) Gas.(12) Dugouts and other accommodations.

(13) Water.

Duties of G2.

(1) Make a personal reconnaissance and visit

G2 of the outgoing Division.



29

(2) Boundaries ofDiv.,

Brigades,Regiments,

etc.Method of holding line.

(3) Distribution of troops.

(4) Defense Schemes.(5) All maps, aero photos, files of outgoing

intelligence officer.(6) Enemy's order of battle. —(7) Information regarding character ofsector.

e.g. shelled areas, etc.

(8) O.P's and their location.

(9) Where enemy is working.

Condition of our own and enemy's works.(10) S.O.S. Lines.(11) When and where raids have been carried

out.—

(12) Patrol Maps and areas.

Duties of G3.

(1) Make a preliminary reconnaissance and

visit G3 of Ihe outgoing Division.

(2) Find out Boundaries of Division, Brigade,

Regiment, Battalion, etc., sectors.

Distribution of troops.

(3) Methods of holding the line (Defense Sche-

mes—and maps).

(4) Situation ofH.Q's (various units).—(5) Liaison between various H. Q's.—(6) Routes to trenches distance.

Formation of march by day.

(7) When and where raids have been carried

out.(8) Working parties to be relieved.

Permanent troops in the sector.



30

(9) S O.S. Signal arrangements.

(10) Anti AirCraft defence— location, etc.—(11) Artiller}' P.C. etc. Number of Batteries.(12) Gas. Defences.

(13) Camps. —(14) Training facilities schools— assault courses

and ranges.

5 THEDIVISION UPON BEING RELIEVED

INTHE LINE

1 The Field Order.

Should cover in general the same points outli-

ned in the Field Order of a Division going"into the linefor Relief ofanother Division",

as applicable in this case Relief Table should

be included. Billeting parties sent ahead

to new area. — —Move to new area how made by train, bus or

road. Stores to betaken over in new area to

be checked, etc., etc.

2 The Administrative Order

Should cover the points as outlined in the

Administrative Order of a Division going into"

the line for Relief of another Division ", as

applicable in this case.Additionalpoints to be considered.

Permanent personnel of the sector (i. c. thosetroops that de not move out with the divi-sion).



3

31—Embussing points for troops coming out ofaction.

Extramedical officers for these points.Guides, ifnecessary, to new billetingareas.

Staging areas, ifnecessary.

Duties of Staff Officers of a Division being

relieved in the Line.

Chief of Staff :

(1) Attends the preliminary conference of his

division commander withdivision commander

of the relieving division.(2) Informs his assistants of the method of

relief (i. c. units to be relieved first etc.), the

plan of the commander in regard to assi-gnment ofunits in the new area, and the date

the relief willcommence and be completed.

Duties of Gl."

See duties ofGl in Relief of a Division in the"Line as applicable to this case.

Additionalpoints:

(1) He should turn over to Gl of the incoming

division an administrative map and file show-

ing : railway, 60 cm and tram communica-tions, water, roads, accommodations in camps

and hutments, dugouts, subdivisions of area

under Area Commandants and Town Majors.

(2)Supply arrangements (by agreement with

Gl of incoming division) of the troops of hisdivision going to the new area before the

move is completed.



32

Duties'of G2.Should furnish incoming G2 with(1) Allmaps, files, aerophotos, etc., of the sector.(2) Inform him of areas shelled.

(3) Furnish Patrol Maps.(4) Furnish the location of tender spots, c. g.,

junction enemy tram— lines- transport routes—«Normal

hours»of traffic.(5) Provide a VisibilityMap.

Duties of G3."

See Duties ofG3 in Relief of a Division in the"Line as applicable in this case.

AdditionalPoints :

Recreative and athletic possibilities of new area

for men and officers.Training possibilities ofnew area.—

Note :—lt: It is recommended that a few days, when possible, he

given to—ll units, upon leaving the trenches, to clean upand rest before starting training work.

It is an advantage to have the men paid as soon as possible

upon arriving in the new area. of— The EstablishmentMovies and forms of athletic recreation should beforeseen.



PART 11.

COMBAT ORDERS

(WAR OF POSITION).

CONTENTS.

1. The reorganization of an area for defense.2. a trench raid.

3. Organization of an area for attack.

4. The attack of a division.

5. The exploitation of a success.

6. a counter-attack.



35

1 THE REORGANIZATION OF AN AREA

FOR DEFENSE.

1 The Field Order.

Should cover the following points :

a) Distribution of Troops in the new area; i. c.,

how the sector is to be held.

b) The time when the taking over willbegin.

c) Location of any special units as Div.Hq.

d) Any additional troops assigned to the Division for labor purposes.

2 The Administrative Order.

Should cover the followingpoints

a) An Appendix givinglocation and accommoda

tions allotted the troops of the Division.

Troops occupying first lines to use avai

lable accommodations. Shelter tents. Waterto be pumped out ofdugouts. Dugouts forArtil

lery and for men not actually present withthe firingBatteries.—

b) Ammunition Railhead— Combat Trains-Dumps— especially for S. A. A.—location and

contents ofDumps.

Div.Dump—

Brig. Dumps

Organization and operation of Dumps under—charge Capt XYZ ofAmmunition Train.

c) Food Supply.

Railhead— Distributing point. Field trains

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/asDiv.Hq






36

meet rolling kitchens where? Location of

Rolling Kitchens. Water— Water Carts.Movement and location of Supply Train

d) Evacuation of the wounded.—Regt. Aid Stations established by orders of

Brig. G. O's. —Location ofDressing Stations FieldHosp's

Station for slightly wounded— for each Brig.

The method and route of transportation of—wounded. Location of Amb. Go's if not

shown in the Appendix.

0 Construction and Repair.

Under general supervision ofDiv. Engr. Off.

Transportation (extra) to be furnished by

Gl.Location of Engr. DumpUse of Engr. Train.

f) Accommodations.

Div. Engr. to pump out immediately and

construct new dugouts that may be necessary

in the front-line for troops.Brig.C. O's to submit plan showing location,

nature, number of dugouts for their sector.

Large dugouts for reserves ifground permits.

Brig and Regt. Hqr's.

Battle Hq. forDiv. Commander.

Who will do work in forward trenches(usually Engr's, as it is repair work andrequires skilled labor).



37

Allotment of labor troops for the work.C. O's of all units responsible for cleaning

up and repairing of houses and farms in theirarea, that are to be occupied by troops.

Construction of additional huts in back

area, ifnecessary.

Allwork in back area to be done by troops

under supervision Engineers.

Sheltered and traversed picket lines.

Location near water— Routes to water to

be marked.

Communications— Location ofBroad gauge

R. R. by the Army. Location and laying of

trams and tram feeders.

To Artillery Batteries—

work by Artillery.

To forward areas— by Engineers.—Roads Those to be improved and maintai-

ned by the Corps and Army.

Those to be improved and maintained by

Division under supervision Div.Engr. Officer.—Lateral connecting roads if any— to be

built.

Allotment of labor units for this work.(/) Salvage and Burial.

Detail officer from Supply Train in charge ofSalvage.

Salvage Dump. Allotment of troops of

labor units for this work.Troops coming to the rear to bring articles

of value and place them in the Dumps.

Burial of dead.

Details to be furnished by Brig.C. O's.



38

h) Miscellaneous.Y. M.C. A. Spray baths and drying rooms.

Laundry, where collected and where sent,

when delivered (usually near the rolling kit-chens). —Entertainment and movies athletic

grounds.

Officers Club.Food and shelter at Railhead for leave

parties.

Tracings,racings, etc.,tc., showinghowing ocationscations o

dumps, etc.umps, etc.

Unit.nit. Location.ocation. i Remarks.emarks.

Div.Hq.iv .Hq. XYZYZ An advancedn Div.dvanced Div.Hq. at 0.19 central.q. at 0.19 central.

F. Sg. Bn. less. Sg. Bn. less | Outpost add WireOutpost add Wireoutpost andutpost wirend wire NONON Co's scatteredo's thrucattered thruGo's.o's. ,'irea.'irea.

M.. G.. 8n.,1n.,1 Brig.rig. : KAKAK Inn farmsarms andnd dugoutsugouts!alonglong ridge.idge.

etc.tc. etc.tc. etc:tc:

Sample « Location Table ».

3. Duties of the Staff Officers During theReorganization of an Area for Defense.

Chief of Staff :

(1) With Gl, visits the Corps Hq. to obtain any

further information.





40

(7) He must supervise the construction work.Notes on Billeting as applied to the Reorganization of an Area

for Defense.a) Accommodations in forward area and how to expand themquickly.

b) Back area accommodations to Miitthe possibility of troopsat rest being required forward quickly.

c) Situation of horse lines, dumps and of artillery and othertrains to suit the area.

d) Use of tramlin es.

c) What improvements can the Corps provide.

Duties of G2.

(1) Examine location of allO. P's (Bn., Brig, and

Divisional).

(2) Inspect their equipment.

(3) Locate new O. P's ifnecessary.

(4) Study plan of buried cables.

(5) Organize section oflinesmen ifnecessary tokeep communications with all O. P's open.

(6) Locate forward report centres

(7) Take over and study all maps, aero photos,

tiles, etc., ofoutgoing division.

Duties of G3.

(1)His preliminary reconnaissance and dutiesare much the same as when his Division

relieves another division in the line.(2) He must however arrange as soon as possible

the distribution of troops, in order that Gl

may base on it his Reorganization plan of

Construction.

(3) He prepares the plan of defense of the sector

in accordance with the plan of the Comman

der. This will be concerned mainly wilhcounter-attacks. (See Part 11, No. 7).



41

2.-TRENCH RAID.

Note :— The raid is ordered by the Division Commander, in a

letter of instruction to a Brigade or Sector Commander.

This may be in the form of a field message.

The Message or Letter of Instruction.Should cover the followingpoints :

(1) The designation (in general) of the unit that

is to carry out the raid (c. g. XBrig.).

(2) The objective of the raid (c. g. such a salient

in the enemy's line).

(3) How far the raid is to penetrate.

(4) Approximate date it is to occur.(5) Strength ofraiding party.

(6) The submittal by the Brig. C. O. of his proposed plan for the raid.

(7) Any diversion of thee.emy's attention during

the raid that willbe at the Brig. C. O's

disposal.

Note :— The Brigade Commander should deal withthe followingproposals in his plan.

(1) Composition of raiding force.

(2) Day and hour of raid.

(3) General plan of infantry attack.

(4) Artillery program, including wire-cutting.

(In consultation with artillery commander

covering his brig, sector.)(5) Air Service Liaison.

(6)Machine Gun Barrage.



42

(7) Action of Slokes Mortarsand T.M's and

iiany additional Stokes are required.

(8) What action required by Corps H.A.(9) Any action required by neighboring Divi-

sion.

(10) Proposals for gas and smoke.(11) Signal communications.

(12) Any diversions or ruses he considers advi-

sable.(13) Any work required for preparation of raid.

(14) Medical arrangements.

(15) Arrangements for prisoners of war.

3 —THE ORGANIZATION OF AN AREA

FOR ATTACK

1 The Field Order." "

Is in this case the Plan of Engagement of

the Division. It is drawn up by the Staff

Officers of the Division in accordance with

the orders of the Division Commander. It

follows the form given in The Attack of a Divi-sion (See Part 11. No.4).

Based on this plan of engagement the plan

of Gl for the organization of the area for the

attack is drawn up.

2 The Administrative Order.— Or Plan ofOrganization

ofthe Area for attack :

Should cover the followingpoints :"

a) Distribution of troops according to the Plan



"43

of Engagement usually in the form of asketch attached.

b) Works to be carried out.

(1) Shelters and Billeting accommodations

to be increased for the additional number ofmen that willbe introduced into the area

for the attack.

Capacity ofpicket lines must be increased .

(Shown on a sketch attached).—

(2) Installation of Artillery. Locations

for all the artillery, including additional

artillery attached, must be provided for.

Extra emplacements to be built.(3) Work for bringing up the Infantry.

Two parallels of departure or more foreach Battalion (about 250 m. from hostilelines).

Shelters.— Cover for assaulting Batta-

lions just before jumping off. Only light

shelters required. Capacity limited to

small numbers.Assembly places.—

Locations to be shownon the sketch attached. Existing dugoutsto be increased to required capacity. "

C. T's. (shown on a sketch). One "in" "

and one out in each regimental frontfrom Assembly place of battalions in second

line back to communicating trench. In

each assaulting battalion between forward

" " " "and back paralells one in and one out

trench per platoon.

P. C's. Div. and Brig. P. C's to be built



44

ifnot already done so (i.

c.the Battle

P. C's).

O. P's for Regts and BrigadesMedical Service.— New Regimental aid

stations, dressing stations and underground

dressing stations.—Liaison. Construction work in accor-" "

dance with

"

Plan of Liaison which is

part of the Plan ofEngagement ".—"

Communications. In accordance with

Plan of Engagement ".—Dumps. To be built in accordance with

same plan.

c) Direction of Work to be done

Front line work, including shelters and assem-bly places under supervision ofBrigade Com-manders, with assistance of the DivisionEngineer Officer.

Labor troops (additional,if any) assigned.

Div. P. C's. Dugouts for Div.Reserve.Telephone centrals.

Maintenance and building roads and com-

munications.

Engineer dumps, shelters and picket lines.Dressing stations (in consultation with the

C. Surgeon), ami food dumps (in consultation

with Div. Q. M.) by the Div.Engr. Off. Hecontrols the labor parlies in the attached

table.

Construction of Artillery Dugouts andemplacements under Art. Commander Allot-ment oflabor units to him for this work.



45

d) Priority of Work.

(1) Liaison.—P. C's.—O. P's.—Roads— Engr.

Dumps— accommodations—picket lines.

(2) Dugouts.— Medical Stations.—

—(3) Ammunition Dumps. Food Dumps.

"C. T's.

"Note: Parallels to be constructed continuously from such

a date. Those in front of firstline on last night before attack.

(4) Engineers.— Material required.Requisition for material from Engineer

Dump should be made daily. From which

dumps to be drawn ?(5) Camouflage of Works.

Sample work table to accompany

Plan of Organisation.

irst Tworst Weeks.wo Weeks.

Work.ork. Infantry.nfantry. Engineers.ngineers. Location.ocation.

1.. Roads, etc.oads, etc. 1 BattalionBattalion 1 CompanyCompany XYZYZ

2.. Infantry trennfantry tren-ches,

sheltershes,

shelters7 BattalionsBattalions 3 CompaniesCompanies Front lim-ront lim-

P.C, O.P..C , O.P.

3.. Div. P.C.iv . P.C. Cen-en- 1 CompanyCompany nearear NONONtral C.I.ral C.I.

4.. Art.rt. locationsocations 2 BattalionsBattalions KNKNK

5.. Dressing Sta'sressing Sta's 1 CompanyCompany ABCBC

etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc. et<-..t<-..

9.. At restt rest 2 CompaniesCompanies 2 CompaniesCompanies CYC.YC.

Assuming thatssuming that ne monthe ionth i allowed f<llowed f< r work.work.



46

3 Duties of the Staff Officers During theOrganization of an Area for Attack.

Chief of Staff :

In conference with his assistants outlines the

Plan of Engagement for the attack.

Duties of 61.

(1) Makes preliminary reconnaissance of area.(2) After consultation with G3, holds meeting

of various C. of Services and outlines work to

be done in accordance with Div.Order"(3) Prepares Plan of Reorganization ".

(4) Supervises proper execution of the planduring the work period

Duties of G3.

(I)He must inform Gl, as soon as possible, of

the general plan ofEngagement.

(2) The strength of the reinforcements of the

Division (including Artillery).

(3) Labor troops that willbe available.

(4) The time of completion of the work.

4—THE ATTACK OF A DIVISION.

"1. The Field Order or Plan ofEngagement ".—Note —ln: In a long order of this character the paragraphs and

the lettered sub-paragraphs should be given a title.

Par. 1. a) General object of the offensive.

b) Mission and zone of next higher unit.



47

c) Mission and zone of neighboring units not

included in (/>)•

d) Define objectives of neighboring units.Note '.—lnformation ofthe enemy is usually in this case omitted,

as the intelligence flies of the sector give all this, and it isusually voluminous.

Par. 2.—The General Plan.

a) Mission of the unit.b) Sector or zone of action of the unit.

c) Objectives of the unit.Division of the action into several attacks and

fixing the objectives (intermediate, normal,

contingent) of the different attacks.

d) Initialdisposition for the attack.

Density of formations in the different parts

of the front and distribution in depth.

c) Execution of the action as a whole.

(1) General idea of the maneuver.

(2) First attack.

Assignment oflines to attack certain objec-

tives.

Arrangement for crossing of lines.

Instructions for reconnaissance of contin-gent objectives and occupation of suchobjectives.

(3) Other attacks.General plan of later attacks and for fol-

lowingup success. Instruction prescribing

the succession of these attacks.

Par. 3.—Detailed Dispositions."

Note :—ln general there willbe no distribution ",the troopsbeing named in the body of the order where their dutiesare prescribed.



48

a) Each unit (use name of unit as a heading)should be given its special instructions. For

each unit the sub-paragraphs willbe similarshowing.

(1) Limits ofits zone of action.

(2) Successive objectives defined in suchdetail as may be necessary.

(3) Initialdispositions when necessary divi-sion into assaulting and reserve troops.

(4) Detailed arrangements for patrols, re-connaissance, and advance to contingent

objective.

(5) Other instructions applicable to the unitalone (c. g. crossing of lines within thedivision; relief by division within

theCorps); variations in the rate of march;

instructions to cover special cases.

b) and (c) etc. other units—as above.

d) Divisional Reserves. Including Cavalry.Disposition and mission.—

c) Artillery. Distribution and other addi-

tional instructions in accordance withPar.

2 above. Further instructions in the form of

an Annex to Par. 3 (2).

/) Aeronautics.— Distribution and other addi-

tional instructions in accordance with Par.—

2 above. Detailed instructions in the form of

an Annex to Par. 3 (/").—g) Engineers. Same as (c) and (f).

Annex to Par. 3 (g).

h)Tanks.— Same as (2) and (/).

Annex to Par. 3 (h).



49

/) Machine Guns.— Same as(e) and (/).

Annex to Par. 3 (i).j) General ins truct ions , applicable to all or

several of the above units.(1) Time table for the departure from Hie

jumping off trenches and arrival at and

departure from the various objectives.

(2) Rate of march at various periods of the

attack.(3) Allocation and inarch of units before J)

day, and any special direction for preparation, inan Annex, when necessary pres

cribing preliminary reconnaissance, training, and other preparation.

(4) Plans for Intelligence Research Annex

to Par. 3 (j) (4).

(5) Steps to be taken in case of withdrawalof the enemy. -Annex to Par. 'A (/) (T>).

Par. 4.—Trains, etc.

Will cover matter pertaining to trains, etc.

It will hardly be more than a reference to

Annex to Par. 4. containing the Plan for Com-—munication, supply and evacuation. (Tns.Carrying Parties— Amra'n Dumps —Distributing—Points Dressing Stations, etc.)

Par. s.—Liaison Detachments.

Instructions for Liaison including an Annex" "Plan of Liaison to this paragraph.

Command Posts not only of unit itself but also

—of subordinate units c. g. Brigades.

Note :—At ending aflcr signature should appear a lisl ofannexes

4



50

I Annex toPar. 3 (E).—-Plan for using Artillery.

(By C. Artillery Officer of unit; should coverthe followingpoints).

1 a)Organizalion of the command (see Appendix1).b) Distribution in connection with Div. see

Appendix 2, to this annex.

c) Mission and objectives.

d) Normal and contingent zones.

c) Co-operation of the groups with one and

other.

/) Observation. Terrestial observing sta

tions. See Appendix 3 to this Annex.

Sketches showing zones visible and not

visible from various O. P's.Distribution of means of aerial observation.

g)Liaison.

Sketch-showing all communications.o a) Assignment of Emplacements, including

Anti-aircraft artillery. Usually given in an

appendix.

b) First Registration.

c) Location of meteorological station.3. Plans for demolition and neutralization of

Hostile Batteries.a) Information concerning hostile batteries

see Appendix 4 to this annex.

//) Demolition of hostile batteries see Appendix 5 to this annex.

c) Neutralization of hostile batteries sec

Appendix 6 to this annex.d) Demolitionofhostile balloons, anti-aircraft?

c) Neutralization of O. P's see Appendix 7 to

this annex.



4.

5.

6.

7.

8

9

51

Place for the Destruction of Defensive Orga-nizations.

a) Daily sketches to be made of work accom-

plished. —b) Demolition carried out See Appendix 8 to

this Annex.

Neutralization included in Appendix 7 to

this Annex.

Plan of harassing and prohibitive fire.

a) Fire upon enemy'she — communications

and establishments See Appendix 9 to thisannex.

b) Fire on transient objective—

Appendix 10 to

this annex. —c) Sham attacks. Feints.

Plan of counter preparation.

a) Take into account support furnished by

Corps Art. See Appendix 10 this annex.b) List of concentrations.

See Appendix 11 to this annex.

Plan of support of the attack (including Bar-

rage tables and plan against counter attacks.Plan for change in ArtilleryPositions.

See Appendix 12 to this Annex.

Plan for Supply Ammunition.

See Appendix 13 to this annex.

a) Who willbe in charge of Dumps?

b) How many days of fire in each dump at

beginning ofcounter preparation?c) Means of Transportation lor

Heavy Artillery.Light Artillery.



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57

Appendix 6 to Annex to Par. 3 (c).

F. 0 X Division.

ciiii TQQ ationtion 'cc o.. 'ostiosti latteries.atteries.

Hostileostile latteries.atteries.

BattalionsattalionsGroup.roup. orr Normalormal Cont.ont. Remarks.emarks.Batteries.atteries. Zone.one. Zone.one.

1/52/52 57.977.97 53.673.67 Rate ofFire per Btry.ate ofFire per Btry.11/521/52 51.681.68 57.747.74 perm. 4rds.erm. 75iii.rds. 75iii.

59 709 70 2 rds.-4"7 1 rd 6"rds.-4"7 1 rd 6"or 10".r 10".

etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc.


F. 0 X Division.

feuu raa zaa ionon c o,c o, OSS S..

Hostile Ob.ostile Ob. Stats .tats .

BattalionsattalionsGroup.roup. orr Normalormal Cont.ont. Remarks.emarks.

Batteries'.atteries'. Zone.one. Zone.one.

X 111/5211/52 47.867.86 43 753 75

1/5/5 44 794 79Balloonalloon

etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc.

Note :Similar t:ote :Similar t: ible madble mad out forut for demolition Hos.emolition Hos. O.. P's's



58


F. 0 XDivision.Destruction Work to be carried out.—Same as Appendix s—but5 but including number ofrounds allowedfor each O. P's destruction and—each of the other objectives and means of

observation.Destroy O. P's first, for they are the eyes of the

enemy and their destruction blinds him.

'Appendixppendix to Io Innex t(nnex t( Par.ar. 3 (c).(c).

F.. O. .. .. X Division.Division.Sample Tablample Tabl ofHtfHt irassincrassinc and 1nd 1 Prohibitive Fire.rohibitive Fire.

Dail}-Al-ail}-Al- "Groups.roups. Bns. orns. or Obj's.bj's. No. ofo. of lowanceowance K le8f

£rle8f£r Remark,emark,

Birys.irys.theiV'j's.heiV'j's. Kds.ds.

conduct fire.onduct fire.

1/53/53 Easternastern l 15050 To beo be1/53/53 exist ofxist of

carried outarried out11/5o1/5o liyiiiy regulariregular111/5511/55 cros<-ros<- 2 20000

rasas 3 100 volleys.olleys.100

etctc elc.lc. etc.tc. etc.tc. <tc.tc. etc.tc.

Appippiendix II1ndix II10 to Ao Annex tnex t } Par. 3 (c).Par. 3 (c).

F. O. O ... X.. Division.Division.Saa mple Tple T 'able Firable Firre on 1e on 1 '« ansient« Objectives.nsient Objectives.

Anten-nten-

Group.roup. Btrys.trys. naeae Z >ne ofne of O. B.. B. Balloon.alloon. Remarks.emarks.Iniica-niica- Aciion.ciion.tive.ive.

2 Blry.Blry. 14.894.89 33.823.825.< Hegl..< Hegl. A.K.. 4.4

etc.tc . etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc. etc.tc.



59

ppendix 1pendix 1L to Annex to Fto Annex to F ir. '6r. (c)6 (c)

F. O. . . .. O. . . . X Division.Division.Samp,amp, \e Tablee ofConce.able ofConce. trationFire.rationFire.

Objec-bjec-0. P's.. P's. Bns. orns. or

Groups.roups. Remarks.emarks.tives.ives. Btrys.trys.

XIXIX 11010 1/53/531/103/103 A

11/1. 31/1. 3

11/531/53 Betc. 1/102/102tc.

Apppp mdix 1!dix 1! 5 to Anno Ann 2X tOX PJO PJ -. 3(e).. 3(e).

F. O.. O. x nn Uvision.vision.Plan fi •r changerlan changei inArlil zry Posit,ryn Posit,rlil ion.on.

ProbablerobableGroup.roup.

Bns. orns. or New Em -ew Em - Newewdate ofate of Remarks.emarks.

Batrys.atrys. placementslacements O.P's..P's. move.ove.

28.8 J8.8 J 48.808.80 nightight To beo builte built11/1031/103 28.808.80 orr D.. by Bns.y Bns.

111/10328.788.78

111/10363.803.80 beforeefore

27.767.76 D day.day.

etc.tc . ttc.tc. etc.tc . etc.tc. etc.tc. elc.lc.

Appippi mdd ix 13 to Arx 13 to Ar [WW x to Pao Pa 3(e)(e)

F. O.. O. XDivision.Division.1"able siable si Oli >ing ammuwingli ammuw thh m on ha,n ha, id 7i variousid depots.arious depots.

Coordinationoordination X DivisioTi.DivisioTi.Depot!epot! or localr ion.ocal ion. UA. H. A.A. H. A.

Remarks.emarks.

Railhead.ailhead. X 1j

1Army.rmy.

Advanced.dvanced. S. W.. ot. otDepot.epot. NONON

Army.rmy.Intermed-ntermed- 0588588 1,, Trench Mortarrench M ortariate Depot.ate Depot. bombs alsoombs inlso in

this depot.his depot.



60—II. Annex to Par. 3 (/").— Aeronautics.

—(If necessaiy usually the aero service willbeconfined to Corps orders) should cover the

followingpoints:

1. Distribution of units.

2. Location ofBalloons and Squadrons3. a) Use before D minus x days.

b) Use from D minus x days to D day.

c) Employment during attack.4. Conventional signals and panels indicated in

Plan ofLiaison.

5. a) Balloons.

b) Night Duty.

c) Tel. Communications.

6. Patrol aeroplanes.

7. Anti-aircraft stations.8. Changes of Position of Aircraft.— —

111. Annex to Par. 3 (g). Plans for using the

Engineers .

1. Assignment roads for maintainence

2. Construction Telephone exchanges

Casualty clearing stations.3. Engineer Dump, (construction).

4. Assignment labor troops.5. Special assignment for D day.

IV.—Anrex to Par. 3 (h).-Plan for using Tanks.

1. Distribution and mission.

2. Ist attack.—Use of tanks during progress ofInfantry towards 1and 2 Int. Objec

tives. How soon after normal objec-



61

tive is reached will tanks be sentto rear.

2nd attack— Same as for Ist attack.

3. Following up the success.Companies in reserve to be detailed to units incharge ofexploitation of success.

—V. Annex to Par. 3 (i)Plan for using Long Range

Machine Guns.

1. a) Employment before the attack.

Fire to begin at same time as Arty. Prepa-

ration.

b) Employment during the attack. Barrages.

2. The assignment ofmachine Guns.

Hour ofreporting.—3. Emplacements well camouflaged dugouts for

personnel, ammunition, means of liaison.—4. The mobile repair shops under whose charge—

where placed.

5. a) Ammunition dumps.b)Supply to be kept in dumps.

—Vl.—Annex to Par. 3 (/'). Plan for Intelligence

Research.

a) Rules for transmission of information.—b) Meetings

—who willattend time and place

of meeting.

c) Flash ranging observing stations (assignment).—d) Reports (what hours to be sent in— subjectmatter).

c) Maps and Plans (frequency of issue, etc.).

/)Bulletins, (ifany are to be issued).



62

g) Pigeons, (detail— to deliver messages to divi-sion).

h) Intelligence personnel, including intrepre-ters, ifany, to be attached to the division.

Vll.—Annex to Par. 3 (7).—Steps to be taken in

case of Withdrawal of enemy.

1. a) General plan.b) Boundaries of the Zone ofAction of the A. C.c) Special mission of adjacent divisions, ifany.

of) Neighboring divisions.2. Move of the Division.3. Units attached to the Division.

4. Progression over hostile organizations.

5. Liaison, including the Axis ofLiaison.

6. Artillery.7. Air Service.

8.Balloons.

9. Engineers.

10. Boads and Communications.

11. Traffic.

12. Supplies.

13. Evacuation.14. Motorized Trains.

Plan of Communication,III.—Annex to Par. 4.~PlSUPPLY AND EVACUATION.—

Part 1. Communications.

1. Railroad and LightRailways,

a) Standard gauge.b) 60 cm. line.

c) 40 cm. tramlines.



63

2. Roads.a) The corps sector.b) Back area.

c) Forward area.

3. Traffic control.—

a) Routes by whom controlled.b) Organization of the traffic control

4. Communication Trenches (for each brigade).5. Work to be performed.

6. Extension of Communications.

Part 2.—Rations and Miscellaneous supplies.

1. Rations.

a) Railhead.

b) What additional troops the Div. willsupply.

c) Location of the supply train.

Method of refilling the field trains.

d) The rollingkitchens.

The kitchens for the Art. and other troops.

c) A Div'l Food dump, to be established by—the Div.Q.M.— where? when used.

Number of rations to be kept on field-trainsand at the dump.

/) The line willbe supplied from the bn. and

btries' dumps in case above system fails.

g) Parcel-post packac.es. -mail.

2. Feeding ot the attacking troops.

a) Reserve rations.

b) On the day ol the attack.3. Water.

a) Principal water points.

b) Dumps of water.

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/packac.es

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/packac.es



64—Part 3. Ammunition Supply.

1 a) Who is in charge, of ammunition servicefor the Corps.

b) Who is in charge of the delivery ofammunitionof the Division?

c) Commander of the ammunition train ofthe Division willorganize and operate the

ammunition dumps for the S.A.A..grenades

and fireworks.2. a)location ofAmm'n Dumps. (A transporta-

tionmap should be added, showing locationof various dumps).

b)Regt. dumps willbe refilled where?

c) Table showing total amount of Inf. Amm'to. be stored in various dumps.

d) Transportation.

3. Supply of the assaulting troops.—Part 4. Supply of Engineering Material.

1. Railhead and dumps.

2. Organization of the supply.

3. Supply of the Attacking Troops.

4. Distribution, handling and transportation.

5. Transportation.6. Labor parties.

Part. 5.-—Evacuation of sick and wounded.

1. Evacuation from the front line to dres-sing STATIONS AND STATIONS FOR SLIGHTLY

WOUNDED.

a) Location of regimental aid stations.b) Out trenches for the evacuation sick and

wounded.



65

c) Location of dressing stations.

d) Loading points for ambulances.c) Stations for slightly wounded.f) Tram-lines.

g) Additional means.

h) Additional troops.

2. Evacuation from dressing stations and

stattons for slightly wounded.

Part 6.—Evacuation of Prisoners.

a) Location ofDivisionalPrison Cage.b) Proceedure to be taken in regard to pri

soners (turned over to A.P.M., etc.)

c) What action taken at the Prison Cage.

d) Wounded prisoners who can walk.

>> „ cannot walk.c) Any additional troops placed at disposal of

A.P.M. for this work.

—IX. Annex to Par. 5. Plan of Liaison.

1. Liaison Agents.

a) To adjacent divisions.

b) Between Brigades.c) Details to the Div.P. C.

2. System of ground observation.

3. Move of O. P's.

a) On the capture of the various objective,

4. Move of P. C's.5. Liaison by Telephone.

6. Liaison by visual signalling.7. Terrestrial Liaison by radio telegraphy andT, P. S,



66

a) How many sets at disposal ofvarious P. C's.

b) Characteristics and call letters willappearin an Appendix.

8. Sound signals.

9. Liaison by Pigeons.

10. Liaison by runners.a) Before the move ofBrig. P. (7s.

V) After the move ofBrig. P. C's.

11. Liaison by signal fireworks.12. Aerial liaisons.

a) Signals from airplane to ground.

b) Signals from ground to airplane.

c) Signals for staking out of Ist wave.d) Signals for delays of time-table.c) Wireless from airplanes.

13. Signals fordelay.

14. Centers ofInformation. Message Centers,

X. Annex.—Plan of Works.

I. Organization of an area for attack (SeePart 11, No. 3).

11. Organization of conquered ground.

(1) During the attack.

(2) When the normal objective has been cap-

tured.a) Disposition of troops.

b) Ist Line of resistance.c) Observaiion line.

2. Duties of Staff Officers when the Division

is to attack.

Chiefof Staff.Outlines to his assistants the general plan—in-—cluding distribution of troops and objec



67

tives to be reached, and assignment of sec-tors.

Duties o? Gl."

Prepares the Plan of Communications—eva-

—uations—supply ".

Note : The Chiefs of Services submit plans 'for their part of

this work toGl,

and when the aproved plan is issued theyassist Gl in supervision of the work.

Duties ofG2.

1. Keeps his intelligence files and informationmaps up to date, furnishes summaries, special

maps, etc., and should be consulted (for opinion

or detailed information of the enemy works,

troops, etc.) and kept in close touch with the

preparation of the orders.

2. He prepares the Plan for Intelligence Research.

Duties of G3.

The main task falls on G3.Certain other officers prepare and submit certain

parts (annexes) of the plan,but always followingthe lines indicated by G3. Thus, C. of Artillery—prepares the Plan for using the Artillery, Div.

M. G. Officer prepares the plan for using Long

Range Machine Guns.

G3 especialty prepares.

(1) Plan of Works to be carried out.

(2) Steps to be taken in case of withdrawal.(3) Plan of liaison.



68

S.— THE EXPLOITATION OF A SUCCESS.

Note :—The Plan ofAction in case of withdrawal of the enemy" "

forms part of the Plan of Engagement of the Division(See Part 11, No. 4). The Field Order willbe brief in form-merely that the "Plan inCase of Withdrawal of theEnemy ",

is now in effect, announcing D day and H hour.

1. The FieldOrder.

Should cover the following points.

Composition of pursuing troops and Comman-der.

General direction and mission of this force.

Mission of remainder ofthe Division (c. g. posi-tion in readiness to be taken up, etc.)

Mission ofremaining Artillery(Supporting, etc.)

Lines of Communication.


In this case willbe omitted, see duties of Gl.

3. Duties Of Staff Officers during the Exploi-

tion of a success.

Chief of Staff willoutline the plan of the Com-mander to his Assistants.

Duties of Gl :The supply of food, material, etc.,

willbe difficult. Roads, railroad bridges, etc.,

willmost likelyhave been destroyed. The main

task of Gl, then, willbe to thoroughly organize

traffic on the roads.

The road or roads assigned to his division

must be quickly repaired. This work, there-fore, must be foreseen.



69

The supply arrangement shouia De preparedbeforehand, as there willgenerally be no time

to issue an administrative order.

Duties of G2 :Information should be obtained as

soon as possible about the enemy, so as to avoid

the command being suddenly checked in its

advance.

Duties ofG3 :The principal duty ofG3 willbe theworking of Liaison. The means at his disposal willbe radio and airplane. Radio sta

tions should be organized along the Axis of

liaison. At each of these stations a message

centre should be established.

6. -A COUNTER-ATTACK.—Notk : The counter-attack of a Division wich lias suffered a

reversal will not usually be launched immediately, but willrequire lime lo r the disposition of reinforcements whichwillbe sent to the Division for this purpose. Twenty-fourhours may be a reasonable delay for this disposition, espe

cially for that of artillery reinforcements.The field order will then be nothing more thnn a field

message placing

thetroops in a position in readiness,

fromwhich the counter-attack may be launched when circum-stances willdictate to the Commander the opportune moment. Should the division be reinforced by one or moredivisions, the Commanding General of the original division

retains command of the entire forces whatever be the rankof the various Commanders.

1. The Field Message.


The intention of the Commander (i. c., to counter-attack on such a day, or hold the present

line, etc.)



70

What troops willmake the counter-attack.

The assignment of sectors and missions to units.

Distribution of reinforcements before entering

their sectors. This may include assignmentof billeting areas for the night.

Distribution and mission of Artilleryreinforce

ments.Location ofHeadquarters of the Commanding

Officer or officers of the reinforcing troops.

Liaison officer fromC. O's. reinforcements to be

sent to Division Headquarters.

2 Duties of the Staff Officers during counter

attack.

In this case their duties become much the same"as those of Staff Officers in The Exploita

tion of a Success ". See Part 11, No. 5.



PART 111.

COMBAT ORDERS

(AVAR OF MOVEMENT)

CONTENTS.

1. The assembly of a 2n line division for attack.

2. The march of a division in the advance guard

OF AN ARMY CORPS.

3. Reconnaissance in force of a division.

4. Tactical withdrawal of a division.

5. The attack of a division.

6. Halt on the battlefield.

7. The retreat of a division.



73

«

1—THE ASSEMBLY OF A SECOND LINE

DIVISIONFOR ATTACK.

1. The Warning Message.

Should cover the followingpoints.Date of commencement of Assembly move for

all units concerned.

Destination of units. Time move must be com-

pleted.

Instructions regarding empty ration sections of

Field Trains.

Instructions regarding baggage sections ofFieldTrains.

2. The Field Order.

Should cover the following points.

Zone of Assembly.

Distribution of units of Brigades (Bns. and

Regts).

Organization of a defensive position ifnecessary.

Empty ration sections, Field Trains.Baggage sections, Field Trains.

P. C's. ofDivision and Brigades.



Reserved Roads.

Circuit for Motor Transport.



74

Traffic Control and Road Repair.

Railhead.

Mail.Supply and Field Trains.

Ammunition, Engineer, and Sanitary Trains.

Ammunition Refilling Points.Evacuating Points.

Sick and wounded unable to walk.

Cases movable only a short distanceSick and wounded to be evacuated by rail

road.

Evacuation Point for Sick and W ounded Animals.

4 Duties of the Staff Officers, in the assembly

of a Division.

Chief of Staff.

Supervises work of the Staff.

Duties of Gl.

(1) Prepares the Administrative Order, and su-

pervises its execution.

(2) The roads of the battlefield should be clearof allwagons and trucks. Fix a line whichthey willnot be allowed to cross without au-

thority ofGl. When evening comes, or whenthe troops have made a good advance, sendword to the Provost Marshal fixinga new lineor ordering the necessary wagons to jointheir units.

Duties of G3.

(1) Detail guides (ifnecessary) to lead troops to



75

Assembly Area, especially as move willgene-rallybe made at night.

(2) Liaison.

2.— THE MARCH OF A DIVISION IN THE

ADVANCEGUARD OF AN ARMY CORPS.

(For form ofField Order, see par. 90, page 47 and

Appendix 3, F. S. R. 1914).

In case the Division is to become the Advance

Guard of a pursuing force, it willbe necessary to

issue orders in the form of fieldmessages to various

units of the Commands.

1.

Thesemessages

should cover thefollowing

points :

Composition of the column to whom the mes-sage is sent.

Route of each column.

Initial point ofmarch. Assignment ofCavalry(if any) to the various columns.

Instructions for field trains.

Location of message centres.

2. The Field Order.

Issued later willbecome a « Combined order » ot

the various field messages.


Will be brief covering mainly the instructions

for the various trains.



76

4 Duties of the Staff during the march of a

division in advance guard of an Army Corps.

Chief of Staff is with the Commanding General.

Duties of Gl.

(1) Suppty arrangements.

(2) Trains.

(3) Roads.

Duties of G2.

(1) Reconnaissance. (B37 aeroplanes and pa-trols).

Duties of G3.

(1) Prepares all field messages or field orders.

(2) Liaison.

3.—RECONNAISSANCE IN FORCE OF

A DIVISION.

1 The Field Order.

Should cover the followingpoints :Composition ofreconnoitering force.

Sectors and objectives of the attack.

Reconnaissance of Artillery to secure positionto support the attack.

Heavy Artillery.

Mission of Aero Squadrons if any are attached

to the Division.Balloon Company?

Divisional Reserves.



77

Hour that all preparations will be completeand units in place.

Telephone Stations.

PC's.



Reserved Road.

Circuits for Motor Transport.Traffic Control.

Works.

Railhead.

DistributingPoint.

Mail.

Ammunition RefillingPoint.Evacuation Points.

Evacuation Point for sick and wounded ani

mals.

3. Duties of the Staff Officers :

Willbe similar to those in "The Attack of a

Division ", (War of Movement), see Part 111.

No. 5.

4.— TACTICAL WITHDRAWAL OF A

DIVISION.—Note : Reference here is made to a withdrawal with a view

to the early resumption of the attack.

1. The Field Order.

Should cover the followingpoints:

Zone of Action of the Brigades (Usually remainsunchanged).



78

Method of carrying out the withdrawal.a) Advanced units to main line of Resistance.b) Covering position to protect withdrawal of

the advanced units,

c) Flank guards.

d) Troops to occupy the covering position.

c) How long will troops in the covering posi-

tion resist?Disposition of Artillery to cover the withdrawal(echelonement in depth).

Instruction for Engineers to complete defensiveorganization of main line of resistance.

DivisionalMachine Gun Battalion (The occupation

of strong points on the flanks, etc.).

Aero Squadron (if attached).

DivisionalReserve.Orders for trains, (These may follow later in the

Administrative Order.)

Liaison.

d) On the Flanks ofDivision.

b) Between Brigades.

P.C s., etc.

2 The Administrative Order

Should cover the following points :

Ration distributing section proceeds where?

After issue proceeds where?

Other sections ofField Trains.Distributing Points.

Ammunition, distributing and refilling points.

New Dressing Stations.

Field Hospital.



79

Stations for slightly wounded.

3 Duties of the Staff during the Tactical With-drawal ofa Division :

The Chief of Staff supervises the work ofhis assis-tants.

Duties of Gl

Have roads cleared as soon as possible by alltrains, parks, etc.

Ifthe division is to reorganize and resist on anew position fixrendezvous points far inrear

of the new position.

a) For Field Trains

b) For rolling kitchens.

Ifthe division is to retreat for a day or twotrains should be previously unloaded, so asto constitute dumps of ammunition and sup-

plies in the immediate rear of the position

and then set on the march, day and night,

until they have reached the new location

assigned to them.

Carry out the destruction of stores and mate-

rial which cannot be transported backwards.In most cases Gl should take the initiative inthis matter.

Duties of G3 :

As soon as the covering position is selected on

the map, G3 should ride to this position,

reconnoiter it, and see how the troops should

be distributed on this position.



80

Reconnoiter also routes leading to this position

and to the rear.

An assistant G3 should also ride to the Assembly

Position (main line of resistance) and see howunits can be assembled and how the assembly

position may be covered. —Eventually G3 should go toHq. of units (Brig.

Div.) which are to reinforce the Division on

a rear position, see how the resistance is to

be renewed there, etc.During the withdrawal the important duty of

G3 will be to maintain liaison within the

command.

The P.C. of the Division should move back

(whenever practicable) along an existing axis

of liaison or existing line of telephone.

Note :—The following extract is taken from notes issuedduring the month of April1918, by the British GeneralSlatf:

"Staff Officers cannot satisfactorily retain touch

with units belonging to their own formations or

with other units on their flanks ifthey allow them-

selves to be bounded by their offices. It is neces-

sary that they should make frequent personal recon-naissances in order to find out for themselves the

situation both in front or on their flanks, and to

keep in touch with what is taking place in rear.By this means they not only acquire information

themselves, but are a source of reliable informationto others, and can prevent or check dissemination"of erroneous rumors.



81

5.-THE ATTACK OF A DIVISION

The Field Order may be preceded by a brief"Assembly Order ".

1 The Assembly Order


The positions, that the first, second and thirdlines of each brigade are to occupy and the

time that they should be in position.

Routes availableforunits moving to the assemblypositions.

2 The Field Order.

(For form see Par. 90, page 47 and Appendix 3,

F.S.R. 1014).


Zone of attack of the division.Objectives of the attack.

Crossing of first line battalions by second linebattalions, (i. c. such crossing to occur whenordered by Regt. G. O's).

Objectives to be carried by each line.Zone of attack of the Brigades.

Divisional M. Gun. Bn.?

Disposition of the Artillery (for each attack).

Engineers.

Cavalry.

Aero Squadron and Balloon Company.

DivisionalReserves.Any instructions concerning the organization

of conquered ground (these may only berefer-



82

red to and be covered in detail in later

orders).Liaison (including signals, characteristics of

different P. C s. etc.)

Location ofvarious P.G's as advance progresses.

3 The Administrative Order.


1. a) AxialRoad of the Division.

b) The road for motor transportation.2. Traffic and Control of Work.

3. Railhead.

4. Mail.

5. Supply and Field Trains.

6. RollingKitchens and Ration Carts.

7. Ammunition Train. (Horse and Motor.)

Distributing Points for the first and subsequent objectives.

RefillingPoints.

Engineer Train.Sanitary Train and Medical Service,

Evacuation Hospital.

Field Hospitals.

Dressing Stations.Stations for slightly wounded.

New dressing stations and S.S.W. to be

opened by Div. Surgeon as the attack

progresses.

4 Duties of the Staff Officers during the Attack

of a Division.

The following notes issued by British GeneralStaff,April13, 1918 affect the duties ofthe Staff.



"83

In warfare of movement, it is neither possiblenor desirable for Commands and Staffs, espe-

cially those ofDivision and Brigade to carryout their functions with the facilities and the

deliberation which have come to be looked asnormal in trench warfare. It must be reali-

zed that it is necessary for H. Q. to be pre-pared to send away such officers, personnel

and material as are not immediately neces-sary to the conduct of the battle, and to

work as far as possible, with a message book

only. In some instance, Divisional Com-

manders found it convenient to establish

advanced H.Q, in motor cars, with a tele-phone line running back to their signal

offices".

Duties of Gl.

He is especially responsible for the working of

the supply system, which now becomesdifficult.

Duties ofG2.

Reconnaissance and the forward movement oftheDiv.

O.P's.Duties ofG3.

He willbe especially concerned with the main-

tenance of Liaison.





85

The area in general with a view to establishingammunition dumps in case the advance isstopped.

7. -THE RETREAT OF A DIVISION.

1 The Field Order.

(See Par. 90, page 47 aud Appendix 3, F, S. K. 1914.)

The destruction of roads, bridges, etc. willbeordered.

The assignment of troops (usually the Engineers)

willbe included for this work.

2 The Administrative Order."

See the Administrative Order of the TacticalWithdrawal "of a Division. Part 111, No. 4.

As the Divisionis to retreat for several days,the location of dumps of ammunition and

supplies should be indicated in the order.

Destruction of stores and material that can-

not be transported backward willbe ordered.

3 Duties of the Staff Officers.

"(See Tactical Withdrawal of a Division ").

"In this case as the number of Covering Posi-"

tions must be reduced to a minimum (seePar. 207, F. S. R. 1914), itwillbe the duty of G3

to prepare as soon as possible the Field Order

for a rear guard in accordance with the plan otthe Commander as outlined by the Chief of

Staff.



PART IV.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

CONTENTS.

1. Artillery.

2. Machine guns.

3. Tanks.

4. Aviation.5. The trains of a division.

6. Supply system (diagrams).

7. Dumps— Ammunition S. A.A.; Engineer Material8. French rai lroads.

9. Maps (Co-ordinates, etc.).

10. Data on trench construction.

11. Marchgraphics, and road spaces.

(>



89

—1 NOTES ON ARTILLERY.

Guns of Various Types.

Calibre.alibre.

T. Mortar. Mortar(small) orsmall) or58».8».

T, Mortar, Mortar(large)large)240™.40™.

75°>.5°>. or 3".r 3".

6" How." orow. or135".35".

8" How." How.

9.2 How..2 How.

12" Guns.2" Guns.14" Guns.4" Guns.R.R. Guns..R. Guns.

Organization.rganization.

Btry. of 12 gunstry. of 12 gunsusually 8 in frontsually 8 in frontline 4 in reine 4 in re-serve.erve.

Btry. of 6 guns.try. of 6 guns.

Regt. of 2 Bns.egt. of 2 Bns.Each Bn. has 3ach Bn. has 3Btrys. ot 4 gunstrys. ot 4 gunseach.ach.

Regt. of 2 Bns-egt. of 2 Bns-

Each Bn. has 3ach Bn. has 3

Btrys of 4 gunstrys of 4 gunseach.ach.

Regt. of 3 Bns.egt. of 3 Bns.Each Bn. has 2ach Bn. has 2Btrys. of 2 gunstrys. of 2 gunseach.ach.

Regt. of 3 Bns.egt. of 3 Bns.Each Bn. has 2ach Bn. has 2Btrys. of 2 gunstrys. of 2 gunseach.ach.

Btrys. of 2 guns.trys. of 2 guns.

Objectives.bjectives.

Front line trenches and shelront line trenches and shel-ters not made ofconcrete-ers not made ofconcrete-Wire Gaps— dugouts— (closeWire Gaps— dugouts— (closerange) Istange) Line.st Line. —

Blockhouses— O.P's.— P.C's.lockhouses— O.P's.— P.C's.M.G.M.G. or Minnier Stationsinnie Stationsless remote Btrys.—C.T's.ess remote Btrys.—C.T's.

(by enfiladeby fire).nfilade fire).

Wire Entan glement Gaps.Wire Entan glement Gaps.

"Creeping Barrage"Creeping "Proarrage" "Pro-tective Barrage*ective —Keepingarrage* —Keepingup Fire—"Raking "Fire"—p Fire—"Raking "Fire"—Guns ofuns opportunity.f opportunity.

Same as 58m. on second line-ame as 58m. on second line-trenches Woodrenches Sheltersood Shelters

Concrete— M.G.oncrete— Emplace.G. Emplace-ments— Gaps—ents— etc.aps— etc.Jumping Barrage.umping Barrage.

Strong Defenses—trong Villages-efenses— Villages-reinforced concrete—einforced bridgesoncrete— bridges——

railways Allailways Localities.—llLocalities.—Jumping Barrage.umping Barrage.

Same as 8" How. at greaterame as 8" How. at greaterrange. Hostile Btrys, Celange. Hostile Btrys, Cel-lars and deep Dugouts— lnars and deep Dugouts— lnvillages—Jumpingillages— Barrage.umping Barrage.

Long rangeong guns.ange guns.



90

Destructive power of artillery.

Two hits willdestro}' a shelter.

Number ofrounds necessary for destruction purposes

as follows: —T.Mortar = 3 rds. per meter frontal fire.—58m.and 240 m.= 1 y2 y

2 rds. per meter enfilade

fire.—

6" How. i __ ( 3 rds. per meter —frontal fire.

8" How. i (1% rds. per meter enfilade fire.

6" How. = 800 to1.000 rds. for a definite wood

8" How. shelter.

> 8" How.—

100 to 150 rds. for a reinforcedconcrete shelter.

> 8" How.= 4 rds. per 100 sq. I

meters. \ For< B'' How. = 4 rds. (% incen- ] Localities.

diary) per 100 sq. meters.

issm irere

enn rang.ang. emenmen

Calibre.alibre. No.o. off rounds.ounds. Widthidth offGap.ap .Rangeange

inn meters.eters.

755 m.. 60000 255 meters.eters. 2500500

755 m.. 1000000 255 meters.eters. 5000000

6"" How.ow. 5m5m5m x 200m 3000000

T.M..M.(small).small). 40°>0°> x S00m 1300300

T.M..M.(large).large).

12020 400m x 30"»0"» 3000000



91

Artillery barrages, etc.

Density. 2 shells on a front 15 m. wideper minute.

1gun per 50 m. (covering) per minute.

1Btry. per 2J>O m. (covering) par minute.

1Btry. per 100 m. per minute. On Offensive.

Rate of fireof Barrages

Creeping Barrage. Stationary Barrage.

75"1.= 3 to 4Rds. par mm. 2 Rds. per mm.

6"How. =% to 1 Rd. per min.-

(jumping) —8"How. = % to y Rd. per mm.

(.jumping)

Keeping up fire

For 75 m. requires 300 rds. per 12 hours.

Raking fire :

Rate to be expected,75 m. = 3 rds. per mm.

Neutralization fire :

1Btry. with gas shells should neutralize 2 Hos.

Btrys.

1Gun per 40 m. for neutralization.

ArtilleryT. M's :

Used on first line untilH. hour.

They cannot be taken forward and should then

be packed up. The personnel are availablefor carrying parties for advancing Infantry.



92

Day of flre,is the mean amount ofammunition whichit is necessary to provide for each gun for a cer-

tain operation (Several days ofpreparation and

execution).

Day of fire:

(Computed by the French from statistics ofpre-sent war.)

75 m. Day of fire 300 rds. per diem.

4.7" H. 150 rds. per diem.

6"H. 150 rds. per diem.

8"H. 100 rds. per diem.

9.2" H. 50 to 60 rds.per diem.

12" H. 50 to 60 rds. per diem.

155 m. (6" Gun) 120 rds. per dem.

Stokes (6") 150 rds. per diem.240 m. T.M. 60 rds. per diem.



V

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144 Time TABLE Showing The Shortest Firing Boundaries of howitzers For TheTime TABLE Showing The Shortest Firing Boundaries of howitzers F or T heI Different hoursifferent hourso..Z Sketch Showing the Successive: objective:*. ToJe Battered By how.tzersketch Showing the Successive: objective:*. ToJe Battered By how.tzers

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93

2.-NOTES ON MACHINE GUNS.

-I The tasks ofMachine Guns maybe divided intotwo classes :

(1) The direct support of Infantry battalions

by means of direct or indirect fire to enable

them to advance in the attack or to assist themto maintain their position in the defence.

(2) The indirect support ofInfantry battalions

by means of neutralizing or harassing fire, by

which the fighting efficiency of the enemy is

reduced.

—II The means adopted in fulfillmentof this task

may be summarized as follows :

(1) In warfare of highly organized defences :

Creeping or standing barrages, frontal or

enfilade, in co-operation with the Artilleryto

cover the Infantry advance, and direct fire

and defensive barrages to support the Infan

try battalions when they have gained theirobjectives.

Neutralizing fire, i. c., intense searching fire

on areas from which long-range Rifle and

Machine Gun fire can be brought to bear

against our troops.

Harassing fire.Barrage fire to

coverraids.

Direct fire and defensive barrages for the

repulse of attacks initiated by the enemy.



94

(2) In warfare of improvised defences and inopen fighting:

Offensive and defensive task of the samenature, including tasks that have hitherto been

allotted almost entirely to the Field Artillery,but for which there may not be sufficient Ar-tillery available.

Against the enemy in shell-hole defences orin the open, searching fire willbe

effectiveat

distant ranges (2.500-3.000 yards).

When the relief of a division in the line

occurs the machine guns should not be relie

ved on the same night as the infantry.

The employment of isolated machine guns

singly should be avoided. Guns sited inpairs

facilitate control. Groups of four guns are

more efficient but more difficult to conceal.

" "There should be no sniping by machine

guns as this gives away their location.

Machine guns placed to cover ground by

direct fire under normal conditions must also

be able to carry out their tasks by indirectmeans in case ofsmoke, fog, etc. Atnight and

in misty weather guns should always be

mounted so that fire can be opened at once(post a sentry).

Every machine gun should have with it the

means of destroying the gun. A bomb on the

breech casing is an efficient means.



95

The target of the machine gun is a living

object.

Interrupted fire of machineguns, especially

to close the exits of a village, or prevent the

advance of supports, is more efficacious than

a steady fire. The latter can be soon discove

red and avoided. The former cannot be located

and accomplishes the mission more effectively.

The best flank positions to cover a possible

withdrawal area

succession ofstrong points

manned by machine guns..

Special attention should be paid, during training, to :

(1) Selection, both deliberate and rapid, of

gun positions.

(2) Approach to a position and coming into

action.(3) Protection of flanks.

(4) Training of sections with their fighting

limbers.

(5) Training ofofficers in rapid preparationof sketch maps.

(6)Co-operation with Infantry in open war-fare schemes, especially maneuvers withball cartridges.

When the task of Machine Gun units is to

involve a heavy expenditure of ammunition,

carrying parties should be furnished them.

Itis advantageous to have these parties detail

ed some days in advance to the Machine Gununits,

inorder that they may have

somefa



96

miliarity with the operation of the machinegun, as in case of casualties they may be cal-led upon to exercise the functions of variousgun numbers.

The physical demands made upon the ma-

chine gun personnel are severe. This fact

should be taken into consideration in the as-signment of men from replacement detach-ments tomachine gun organizations. Men of

good physical endurance are necessary forthis work.





,AIOTEIOTE

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.

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3



97

-»

3.— NOTES ON TANKS.

The Tank Corps is composed of a light and aheavy

branch. The number ofmachines in the two bran

ches is in the ratio offive to one, but the gun power

and personnel are about equal.

The Battalion is the Administrative and Tactical

Unit.The Battalion consists of three companies and a

battalion repair section.

The Company consists of three platoons and a

company headquarters.

The Platoon consists of five tanks and the neces-

sary crews and helpers.

The Company Hq. Section consists of ten tanks,one for the Captain, one signal (light branch) andeight reserve and training tanks in the light branch

and nine in the heavy branch. In the heavy branch

the Captain's and the Signal Tank are combined.

The total mumber of tanks in the Company is 23 of

which 17 in the lightbranch and 16 per company inthe heavy branch go into action. In the Battalion

there is one extra tank for the Battalion Com-mander.

For service with the armies two or more batta

lions willbe grouped together and called a centre.

The typical centre consists of one heavy and twolight battalions and one repair and salvage

com-pany.



98

Both types of tanks are proof against rifle and

machine gun fire, shrapnel and allbut the largestshell fragments. A direct hit frchell fragments. A direct hit frcam a six pounder orm a six pounder or

larger gun willusually prove faarger gun willusually prove fa tal.al.

On a still night heavy tanks cn a still night heavy tanks c:an be heard aboutan be heard about

L.OOO yards, light tanks about 5C.OOO yards, light tanks about 5C 30 yards. During a0 yards. During a

bombardment or storm tanks csombardment or storm tanks cs annot be heard at annot be heard at a

listance of 300 yards.istance of 300 yards.

Briefdescriptionrief o:escription o:ianks.anks.

LightTanks.ightTanks. Heavy Tanks.eavy Tanks.

Weight.eight. 6|Tons.Tons. 35 Tons.5 Tons.

Speed.peed. 5 J ni. per hr.J ni. per hr. 6|m. per|m. hr.er hr.

Parts 17arts m.m.7 m.m. Parts 17arts m.m.7 m.m.

Armour.rmour. Parts 8arts m.m.m.m. Parts 8arts m.m.m.m.one gunner,ne gunner, one officer.ne officer.

Crew.rew. one driver.ne driver. 7 or 8 men.or 8 men.

Per tank one guner tank one gunWeapons.eapons. Per PI.-2one pounderser PI.-2one pounders 2 six pounders.six pounders.

2M.G's.M.G's. 7 M.G' s..G' s.

Fuel capacity.uel capacity. 12hours.2hours. 10 hours.0 hours.

Ordinary trenchesrdinary .renches .Travel.ravel. and widend trencheside trenches

Allbe

Allbetrenchesrenches

cau crossed.au crossed.after shelling.fter shelling.— — ——

[ote : Heavy tanks vision fair command of 6 poundeejote : Heavy tanks vision fair command of 6 poundeej

is 4 feet, five M. G;

s hays a Command of 10 feet, but thens 4 feet, five M. G;

s hays a Command of 10 feet, but thenis a dead space close to tank. The other 2M. G's. have a

command of 4 feet with no dead space .The LightTank is transported on trailers.

The Heavy Tank is tied to R. R's and must have

special bridges.

Tanks willfight in line, behind a creeping barrage,

and at least 100 yards ahead of infantry. They



"99

"should be followed by mopping up detachmerits.

Functions :

Cut wire,bridge interval between lifts ofbarrage,

destroy M.G's., mop up, attack strong points, etc.

4.— AVIATION.

The AirService is a combat arm. It is used forthe purpose of command, observation, liaison andcombat, and is employed as an integral part of

large units such as Divisions, Army Corps, Armies

and General Headquarters Reserves.The AirService at no time willbe given an inde-

pendent mission.

Its great mobilitypermits its employment at great

distances. Its mission even in this case, is the

advancement of the interest of the Army.

The various chiefs of Air Service are the techni-

cal advisors of the Commanding General and his

Staff. The plan of the Commanding General

affecting the Air Service becomes the task of the

organization commander of the Air Service unit

employed. He is responsible as in the case of allother units for its proper execution.

The Air Service assigned to the Army Corps isknown as a Corps Observation Wing, which is com-

posed of:

Headquarters ;

1 Corps Observation Group, comprising a Headquarters, 1PhotoSection, 2or more Observation Squadrons, and a Branch Intel-ligence Office ;

1 Balloon Group, comprising a Headquarters and 2 or more

Balloon Companies.



100

The Corps Air Service is under the command of

the Chief ofAirService of the Army Corps who, in

accordance with the general plan of operation andin cooperation with G3. of the Corps, prepares the

general plan of action for all the air units of theCorps. He ensures the coordination of the AirSer-vice plans of the Divisions, and supervises the

employment of all Air units throughout the Corps

in accordance with approved plans. He prepares

the detail plans for the Air units under his directorders. He apportions the aeronautical suppliesand materiel placed at the disposal of the Corps,

and ensures the necessary liaison with the CorpsTroops and with the AirService of the Army and

of the neighboring Corps. The office of the Chief

of Air Service of the Army Corps is normally inthe Corps airdrome.

For tactical control a portion of the Corps Air

Service— normally — Observation Squadron and

1Balloon Company is usually placed at the dispo-

sal of each Division in the Corps. The DivisionalAirService is under the command of the senior Air

Service officer therewith, and is employed under

the orders of the Divisional Commander. The

Divisional Air Service Commander bears the samerelation to the Division Commander as does theChief ofAirService of the Army Corps to the CorpsCommander, and performs duties in the Divisionsimilar to those performed by the Chief ofAirSer-

vice of the Army Corps in the Corps.

On the principal fighting fronts the Artilleryof

the divisional sector or the Artillery under thedirect command of the Corps Commander, must



101

have at least 1 Air Flight at its disposal. This

Plight is generall best placed under the command

of the ArtilleryCommander of the Division, or of a

Division or Corps Artillery Group Commander,

since the important artillery tasks to be carried outwith airplane observation come within their

sphere. The Artillery Commander in each case

allots the airplanes to sub-groups in accordance

with tactical requirements. The choice of the pilot

and observer is left to the Air Service Commander.The infantry airplane liaison, as well as all the

Infantry missions within the sector of the Division,

willgenerally be carried out by a Flight from the

Observation Squadron assigned to the Division fortactical control, but not the Flights placed under

the control of the ArtilleryCommander. Infantry

and Artillery airplanes must mutually support each

other's actions. Battle reconnaissances in connec

tion with the infantry combat necessitates conti

nuous observation of the whole battle-field on the

main battle fronts. The Infantry airplane is, when

there exists proper cooperation and teamwork

with the ground troops, the most reliable and rapid

means of reconnaissance and of obtaining informa

tion of the battle-field. Commanders are keptconstantly posted regarding all operations of our

own and the enemy's troops. When Divisions or

Regiments of Divisions are at rest, numerous exercises in liaison work between the Air Service and

the Infantry must be carried out. These exercises

should approach, as far as possible, the actual con

ditions of the combat in which the ground troopswillparticipate.



102

Close range aerial photography isusually a func-

tionof the Corps AirService.

The functions of the Branch Intelligence Officerare as prescribed in the "Intelligence Regulations,"A. E. F.

In a general wayballoons perform for the Infan

tryDivisions and the ArtilleryGroups similar mis

sions as are effected by the corresponding aerosquadrons. Balloons, however, do not always workexclusively for the Division or an ArtilleryGroup.

Since they enable observation to be carried out for

a long period of time from the same spot, and

reports to be submitted direct by telephone, they

are particularly well suited— weather permitting—

for keeping a lookout over the battle-field.

When a Division or Army Corps requires aerial

operations, such as photography, aerial protection,

or aerial bombardment, outside of its aerial recon-naissance area, application is made to the next

"larger unit, i. c., Corps or Army.

Because of the need for economy in materielArmy Corps and Division Commanders must see

that their aero squadrons make no useless flights.

The activity of their squadrons must bear a relation

to the activity of their ground troops. While Com-manders inactive sectors need great aerial activity,with the consequent high rate of wastage, economy

must be demanded by Commanders in quiet sectors.It is our pursuit and bombardment aviation that

inflictsdamage on the enemy, and it must maintain

the greatest possible activity. These, however, are

organs of the Armies and of G. H.

Q.and do not, as

a rule, belong to Army Corps or Divisions. When



103

an observation can be carried out from a terrestrial

observation post, neither airplanes nor balloonsshould be used for this purpose. When observa-

tion is impossible from the terrestrial post and yet

is possible from a balloon, then the balloon is used

and the airplane remains inactive., When the

observation is impossible either from a terrestrial

post or a balloon, then the airplane is used. The

Germans adopted this method long ago, and the

necessity for economy in materiel forces us to do

the same.

S —NOTES ON THE VARIOUS TRAINS

OF A DIVISION.

1. Combat Train contains :

Rolling Kitchen (a)

Water cart (b)

Medical cart (c)

° toolsCombat wagons

... /Jv

ammunition (a)Inactual fight only (c) and (rf) follow units.

2. Field Trains :

n*¦ c x- (/% full 8 wagons.Ration Section \:f . _ &

{ y2 y2 empty 8 wagons.

Baggage Section 6 wagons.

Note :—The ration section contains 2 days field, 1days reserverations for each man;2 days grain for each animal. (SeeF. S. R. par. 302 (c).



104

3. DivisionalField Train :

or I1 sec

Supply Train :162 Trucks < 1 sec(Motor) (1 sec

of 3 companies each-

Two days field and grain rations per man

and animal.

4. Ammunition Train :

I1. Wg. Co. S. A.A.—1.188.000 rounds.

Horse Drawn ) 2 caissons for 75 m.

/ with1.948 rounds.

(1. Co. S. A. A.—1.056.000 rounds.

Motor < 1. Co. 75 m.— 4.000 rounds.

2. Co. 6"—1.530 rounds.

Note:— S. A. A. supply sufficient for"one day's fire;Amm. for75 m. in trains— equal to about % day of fire ". Thereforeextra trucks must be received from Army for an attack.Same for 6"How.

5. Engineer Train :

12 Wagons of tools, etc.

6 Wagons of S. A. A. for use of

Engineers.

Horse Drawn 7 Wagons ofTechnical supplies.

j Medical cart.

I Water cart.

IBagage wagons.

Motor (12 Motor Trucks).





*6.— NOTES ON SUPPLY SYSTEM.

Suggested System of Supply :

1. For an advancing division (See Plate IV).

2. For a division in position warfare (See Plate V).3. For a division assembling for attack in the

back area of a sector (See Plate VI).

4. For a division moving by rail (See Plate VII).

7



Su<jcje>sfed Systemof Rat/on Supply

for <stn /Sdvancmy Division

Commun/csticnommun/csticn Chain ofhain ResponsibilityfResponsibility

3/5 J/5 JCompany Guidesompany Guides

andnd lead Ro/fingead Ro/fing

dorps \Orvkrf»iorps \Orvkrf»i Kitchens /loitchens tne/rlo tne/rCc /Ay.c /Ay.

BrigHqrigHq

Guides fromuides unitsrom units

/e<ad P 7hs frome<ad P 7hs fromSf* tOff/cerf* tOff/cer hj&et/n^ ffot/j/'j&et/n^ tofot/j/' to

andMtJftrderlj.ndMtJftrderlj. Q.AT Stores.AT Stores

III ¦SO officer,SO fv/c/esfficer, fv/c/esI ¦S/r Sec from /)</¦¦S/r Sec from /)</¦

M?/t//?y fo/nf?/t//?y too/nf toI Meeting Pointeeting PointI

Wft/ch is fined byft/ch is fined by3r/a J/q.r/a J/q.

PTns H*Tns H*

Ha/t/nj Po/'nfsa/t/nj Po/'nfsfixed byixed Div.y Div.

SO. 1O. ofof

6ft \Tn.ft \Tn. Div Th.iv andh. and' '

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Trench Warfare:

TR<R<(OOPOOP3 TROOPSROOPSt

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DiafrMttcia -fro/rr AfoSt Cc)Roads and Transport available.iafrMttcia -fro/rr AfoSt Cc)Roads and Transport available.

if.







113

7— NOTES ON DUMPS.

Ammunition, S. A. A.

Table showing the contents of an ammunition

dump in the subsector of an assaulting Infantry

regiment.

Ammunilion. Rounds.

Cartridges, rifle 600.000Cartridges, in pouches for A. R. . 150.000

Cartridges, in belts forN. G. . . . 200.000

Cartridges, for Automatic Pistol. 10.000

For37m.m. Gun 1.000

For Stokes Mortar 2.400

Grenades, V. B 20.000

Grenades Fl and C. F25.000

Incendiary Grenades 700

Suffocating Grenades 550

Grenades, C. F 4.000

Illuminating Rockets. 2.700

Rockets for Signalling (each sort) . 500

Note :—There willbe a Dump for each Brigade containing thesame number of rounds as in the above table.

In this case, however (viz.,preparatory to an attack) theusual Divisional Ammunition Dump will be done awaywith.

In a defensive sector there will be a Divisional

Dump and only small Regimental or Battalion

Dumps.

Combat trains will usually refilldirect from the

Railhead, and a reserve held in the DivisionalDump.



114

Engineer Material.

Contents of Special Engineer Dumps :

Of a Division preparatory to an attack :

1. Divisional Dump :

600 shovels. 600 pickaxes.50 axes. 50 saws.

500 coils wire entan- 500 coils wire,hedge

glement. hog.20.000 Sand bags.

2. First Line Regiment Dump :

300 shovels. 300 pickaxes.25 axes. 25 saws.

500 coils wire entan- 500 coils wire, hedge

glement. hog.

5.000 Sand bags.

3. First Line Battalion Dump :

50 shovels. 50 pickaxes.

1.000 Sand bags.Reserve ofmaterial and telephone wire.

Note:— Aquantity ofsand bags,, sufficient to provide every man

-with from 3 to 5 should be placed in the dumps of eachRegt. or Ist line Bn. in addition to above.

la general Engineer Dumps ofBrigades contain

the followingmaterial :



115

Picks. Camouflage material.Shovels. Small corrugated iron.

Sand bags. Sheets for shelters.Tracing Tape. Boards to mark tracks and

Wire. special localities.

Screw pickets. Gas curtains.

Timber. Wire cutters, hammers.

Trench Boards. Elephant Shelters.

Chevaux de Frise.

B—NOTES ON FRENCH RAILROADS.

Allof the French military trains are alike. Theycannot, be made larger, due to lengths of existing

side-tracks, etc. The trains are kept prepared in

reserve, and, in order to maintain them intact, orfor other reasons, it is not desirable to make them

smaller or change their composition.

Their composition is as follows:—30 covered cars (generally box cars).

17 flat cars.

1 coach for officers.

2 railway service cars.

The French Director of Military Transportationdetermines the line of railroad to be used ;what

railway systems willfurnish the trains, and what

stations willbe the entraining and detraining sta-tions. He also determines the number of trains per24 hours (density oftransportation).

Theregulating

commission for entraining is determined by the



1

116

railway furnishing the trains for the move. Theregulating commission fordetraining, by the railway

on wh'ch the detraining stations are located. Eachof these commissions consists of one Army officerand one railway official (civilian).

The regulating commission immediately gets intouch with the staff of the troops and sends a mem-

ber to the entraining or detraining area, as the case

may be, to arrange the details of the move.

When the Americanrailway

service comes intooperation the procedure willbe quite similar. TheDirector General of Transportation (D. G. T.) or an

A.D. G. T., ifwith an army, willdetermine the line

to be used, the number of trains per 24 hours (den-sity of transportation), and the entraining and

detraining points. He willnotify the regulating sta-

tions and they willarrange to put the move into

effect. The Superintendent ofRail Transportationat the regulating station willsend an assistant to

the entraining area who will make the detailed

arrangements with the staff, and control the entrain-

ment as far as the movement of trains is concerned.

He willgenerally take station at one of the entrai-

ning stations or at a nearby railway center through

which allof the trains willpass. There he and astaff officer of the troops willdirect the entraining.

Together they prepare the entraining table and the

operating time table for the trains. (See SampleEntraining Table—Part I,No. 1.)

Regulating Station is a point on the line of com-

munications throughwhich the distribution to thetroops of all supplies and men is controlled. An



117

A.G. S. O. from G4 of Army is in charge of the

Regulating Station.

Railheads are points on the railroad where the

line of communications (through the Regulating

Station) delivers its supplies to the Division. Theirlocations are determined by the Army Staff.

Entraining and detraining stations are selected

inthe Office oftheTransportation Department. This

requires careful consideration for the loading of

transportation. Ramps or loading platforms arerequired.

At each important station there is a Commissaire

Militairewho is the agent between the railway sys-tem and the troops and who is the proper person to

deal with regarding the movment of trains within

the station. At nearly all of the important sta-

tions there is now an American R.T. O. who per-forms the same functions for American Troops. If

there is an American R. T.O. at a station he is the

proper person to deal with regarding the actual

loading of trains.The experience ofboth the French and the British

has caused them to use the followingsystem forloa-

ding trains. The first infantry unit to arrive at thedetraining station furnishes a permanent unloading

party for the entire period of detrainment at that

station. The last infantry unit toleavean entraining

station furnishes a permanent loading party at the

entraining station. This system ensures prompt

entraining and more systematic loading of the cars.



118

One box car holds : 40 men.

8 horses or mules.6 horses of heavy draft type.

Two men generally ride in the car with the horses.

One average flatcarholds : 1escort wagon and 1cart.

or 2 rollingkitchens.

or 2 combat wagons ofcaisson type.

or 3 ration or water carts.

or 8machine gun carts.

On the side ofeach car is marked the E. F. (ficti-tious axletree) meaning that itwillhold a certain

number oflimbers of a 75 m.m. gun. AllFrenchvehicles are marked with the number ofE.F. space

they occupy. Thus, ifa cart is marked 2E.F. and acar. 8 E. F. you can load four such carts on the car.



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120

6.—NOTES ON FRENCH MAPS.

A^-Maps and Trench Maps.

I -Maps :

a) The 1:80.000 Map. known as the Carte d'Etat

Major(StaffMap). The ground formsare shown" "by the hachures system The map covers

the whole of France and Alsace-Lorraine,

but it has not been kept up to date in the

latter territory.

b) The 1:50.000 Map (printed in black).

A photographic enlargement of the 1:80.000 map.

c) The 1:50.000 Map (printed in eight colors).

This map has been based on, a survey made on

the scale of 1:10.000 in the level and rolling

districts, and on the scale of 1:20.000 in themountainous districts. The ground forms

are shown by contours, the contour intervalsbeing ten meters.

d) The 1:200.000 Map (in six colors).

Taken from the 1:80.000 Map. Each sheet

(128 x 80 kilometers) covers the same area as

four sheets of the larger scale map. Theground forms are shown by contours, the

interval being 40 meters. In flat country the

contour is 20 meters.—It. Trench Maps:(" Plans Directeurs ", abbrevia

ted P. D.)

a) The 1:20.000 trench-map (non-secret, also"called plan directeur prpprement dit") isspecially intended for the purpose of artillery



121

work. It is used to show the positions of

objectives, and to make possible the conductof (ire,particularly on batteries.

This map shows all the details of the enemy

organization (trenches; shelters; communi

cation-trenches, important trails or tracks,

railroads ;chief camps ; and batteries withtheir numbers) and the French front line.

The non-secret 1:20.000 trench-map is issued to

the infantry down to battalion commanders,

and to the artillery down to battery comman

ders.

b) The non-secret 1:10.000 trench- map is the

map used for the study of the enemy system,

and gives the enemy organization withdetailswhich cannot be shown on the 1.20.000. It is

used by commanders and by the staff. It isalso used by the artillery for fire on the enemy

trenches and defence works, and also for

registering on targets that are invisible fromobservatories, by means of change of objec

tive.

c) The secret 1:10.000 trench-map shows our

defense system, including all the trenches

and communication trenches, the different

works, the militaryrailroads, and the names

and designations used in the sectors.

It is issued to commanders and staff down to

Battalion commanders in the infantry and

artillery.





IOVJ-dmilJ

—B Specials Maps.

Special maps are dividedinto two classes according to their use :

(1) For the Higher Command.

(2) For subordinates immediately concerned.

I.—Maps and Trench Maps for the Higher Command :

a) The map of enemy organization, which is

made on the 1:50.000 scale. Itgives the defen-sive organisation of the enemy, the railroad

system, and the road system. It supplements

the trench-maps which give the known detailsconcerning the enemy organization. This

map is only to be found in the Army and

Corps Staff.

V) Maps showing the activity of the enemy

ARTILLERY:

These are on the 1:50.000 and 1:20.000 scales.The map on the 1:50.000 scale gives only a

general idea of the ground, and shows marked

modification with respect to the enemy artillery. It is issued to the different Staffs and to

the divisional artillery commanders for the

field and heavy artillery. It is supplementedby a map on the 1:20.000 scale on which will

be represented withprecision the informationobtained concerning the hostile artillery

(registered battery positions, direction offire,

calibre, number of pieces). This last named

map willalways be kept up to date so as topermit the destruction of the enemy batteries.

8



124

It is issueCKlown to include battery comman-

ders.

ll.—Maps and Trench Maps for Subordinates :

The chief characteristic of these maps is theirprecision. It is due to this precision that tire

artillery, accurately informed, willbe able

with certainty to destroy or neutralize the

enemy artillery, and the essential parts of the

enemy positions in preparation for the attack

ofinfantry.

(3) Five special maps remain to be described :

a) General map of artillery objectives : also" "

called carte dcs points sensibles (map of

important points) on the 1:20.000 scale. Thismap gives all the known details of the enemy

activity in the zone he occupies.It enables the HighCommand to study and fix

the distribution of the artillery on the front,

and to give with all the necessary flexibilityorders for the conduct of fire down through

the units as far as the artillery battalion.

b) Study map of the enemy front line positions:

(1:10.000).

This map is supplemental to the one just men-

tioned. Itgives all the details of the defensive

organizations of the enemy front line posi-

tions. This map is used both by the infantry

and artillery to study and prepare the execu-

tion ofoffensive and defensive operations. It



125

is also, for the commanders of the attacking

units, a complete map enabling them to givethe minor orders with all the necessary pre

cision.

It is issued down to battalion commanders inthe artillery and to regimental commanders

in the infantry.

c) Destruction Map (1:10.000).

The object of this map is to show, each eve-ning during the preparation of an attack, the

destruction which has been executed by the

artillery.

d) Map of objectives for aerial bombard-

ment, scale 1:80.000 (with annexed sketches

on larger scales) :

This is a map for ArmyHeadquarters, showingthe whole of the area that can be reached by

bombardment aeroplanes There are attached

large scale maps giving the detail of each

objective.

c) Map of l ines of communications, etc.:

This map covers the friendlyzone and is inten

ded only for the Staffs oflarge commands. Itgives all the information concerning the

0

organization of lines ofcommunication, etc.,

which may be of use to the command. It is

therefore a secret document.

Co-ordinates of French maps.

The location of a point on a French map may

be given either :8.



126

A) As four number co-ordinates in the ordinary manner used on French Maps ;or

b) Asnumerical co-ordinates, with the desiredsignificant number of figures, a decimal point

after the units of kilometers ;and a dash" ""between the X and V co-ordinates.

For instance the point whose co-ordinates

are X—337.273,

V—193.466

might be written as :

a) 7335.

b) Any one of the followingforms r

37.3-93.5337.3-193.5

7.27—3.49

37.2.3-93.466, etc.

10.-NOTES ON TRENCH CONSTRUCTION.

Data on construction work :

In general one man digs one meter of earth per%

day. —Communication Trenches. 1000 m in length on the

map willusually equal about 2000m on the ground.

Sidings for C.T's. may be estimated at 20 % the

refore 1000m of C.T's. on the map really equals

2200m of digging on the ground.This becomes the work, then, of200 men (roughly

a company) for 11 days.



127

Three dugouts (per diagram) take 60 men 45 days

to construct.6000 ,_ .00 such dugouts take q— men 45 days, —or

2000 men 45 days.

As this dugout (see diagram) accomodates2s men,

accommodations for 2500 men or 1\ Bns. (£ftegt)take 2000 men 45 days to construct.

>.¦»

Artillery:Gun Emplacements require per Btry. Emplacement 75 to 80 Gunners, These arealways constructed by the Artilleryitself.

The dugouts are constructed by Labor Bns. as

given in above data.

P.C's., O.Ps., Telephone Centrals, under supervisionofEngineers with unskilled labor furnished from

Labor Bns.P.G. and Tel. Central of Div, Hq. special work

ofEngineers (requiring one Engr. Co.)



128

Picket Lines : 25 men (unskilled) per 100 animalsper day (for construction work.)

Buried Cable Lines :One man digs one meter perday.

Dumps :Material for a Division Sector can reach

20000 Tons. Ifthis is to be received in 50 days

(for example) arrangements must be made toreceive 400 Tons daily.

IEngineer Materiel jDumpsfor :\ Food Stuffs }require I*'

T

n?rS'

(Ammunition, etc. \

Medical Supplies :

Regt. Ist Aid Station :Constructed by Infantry.Dressing stations :Constructed byEngineers.

Quantity of road material for widening 3 m. 5 to

6m. road is 1500 tons per Im. This is brought

in 5 Trams, 30 to 35 cars each, or 500 trucks(300 tons each) or 240 large trucks (6 tons) and

requires five days work for transporting.—Note : These figures are from French Estimates. Attention

is directedto

circumstancesunder which the men work,

c. g. shell fire, gas, etc.

\



129

11. NOTES ON MARCH GRAPHICS, AND

ROAD SPACES.

Average rates of inarch.—nfantry 4 km. per hour (including halts).—

Mixed column same.

Field Artillery—Bkm. (5 miles) per hour.—Heavy Artillery 4 km. (2 miles) per hour.—Motor Battery— 8 km. to 10 km. per hour.Motor Trucks 7 km. to 10 km. per hour.

Mixed Column— one day's march— 2skm.— —Motor Transport one day's march 100 km.—verage to be expected of motor transport 40 km.

to 60 km. per day.

MARCH GRAPHICS.

A March Graphic shows the progress of columns

on the march.

Suppose :

(1) A column of troops consisting of two Brigade

Groups marching to LANGRES, the Ist Brig.Group

from ROLAMPONT, the 2nd Brig Group from

ORMANCEY;and a column of motorized transportmoving from CHAUMONT to LANGRES (see sketch

Map).

(2) The lstßrig.Group is to pass HUMES Xroads



oKETCHMAP

SAowiny loco, tions of Towns

/



131

at 9-30 a. m. and is to be followed immediately by

the 2nd Brig.Group.(3) The road space of the IstBrig.Group is 5miles,

that of the and Brig Group 11/2 miles.

(4) The rate of marching is 2 1/2 miles per hour

including short halts, made for 10 minutes at 10 mi-

nutes to eack hour, i.c. actual rate of walking is

1mile in 20 minutes.

(5) The motorized transport is to reach LANGRES20 minutes after the rear of the 2nd Brig. Group.

Its speed is 10 miles per hour, and its road space is

1mile.

To make the Graphic (see fig. 1).

Take a point of originnear the left hand bottom

cornerof a sheet of squared paper.

Mark off the squares horizontally as a time scale,and vertically as a scale of distance.

Write the names of places which are situated on

the main route of march in the margin at theirproper distance from the point of origin.

Write the names of places which are situated offthe main route in the body of the graphic at their

proper distance from the destination ofthe columns.Mark thepoint A where the line showing 9-30 a.m.

intersects the line showing the position ofHUMES.Through A draw BA at such an angle that it

crosses corresponding spaces on the time and dis-

tance scales (in this case 20 minutes and 1 mile).At

10 minutes to each clock hour a horizontal break

shows the hourly 10 minutes halt.Produce BA to C where it cuts the position of

ROLAMPONT.



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134



135

Uses.

To enable a Staff Officer to answer any questions

regarding the progress of the troops, c. g.•*

Your General asks—you where the columns are at

11-00 a.m. Answer the head of the Ist Brig, is

1/2 mile fromLANGRES; the rear has marched 11/2miles from ROLAMPONT. The head of the 2nd.

Brigis 1 1/2 miles short ofHUMES.A message arrives saying that a column of cavalry

is to cross the CHAUMONT-LANGRES road at

ROLAMPONT and asking at what hour the Road at

ROLAMPONT willbe clear.

Answer.

From about 10-20 a.m. to 1-15 p.m. and again from

about 1*25 p.m. onwards.A Graphic can be more quickly drawn if the

hourlyhalts

are not shown, the lines being drawn

straight through at the rate of 21/2 miles per hour.The result willnot however be so accurate.



Road Spaces and War StrengthItalicized figures indicate yards .Roman figuresoman indicatiigures indicati meters.eters.

Troops.roops.

Troops.roops. Combatombat

Combatombat

Fieldield

Train.rain.

Kitchen*.itchen*.

UNITSNITS Train.rain. Train.rain. Waterater

Troops.roops. CombatombatRollingolling

.Train.Train. FieldieldTrain.rain.

Wagonsagons¦

1 2 3 4 S 6

INFANTRY-NFANTRY-Divisionivision 13.1 Af.3.1 Af. 4.3 Af..3 Af. 17.3 Af.7.3 Af. 12.2 Af.2.2 Af.29.6 Af.9.6 Af. 2.2 Af..2 Af.

21.0 K.1.0 K. 6.9 K..9 K. 27.9 K.7.9 K. 19.7 K.9.7 K.47.6 K.7.6 K. 3.5 K..5 K.Brigade ._ ...rigade ._ ... 5,750,750 1,140,140 6,890,890 2,800,800 9J390J390 IJ3OJ3O

5,260,260 1,045,045 6.300.300 2,560,560 8,865,865 1,125,125Regiment Iegiment I 2,000,000 49090 2,490,490 1,230,230 3,720,720 53030

1,830,830 44545 23030 1,125,125 3,400,400 48585

Battalionattalion 43030 800 51010 28080 79090 1404039 595 755 46565 25555 72525 13030

Company 10000ompany 200 12020 700 19090 355900 200 11010 655 17575 300

Hdqrs. Co., Inf. Regt. .. . 19090dqrs. Co., Inf. Regt. .. . 600 25050 13030 38080 60017575 555 23030 12020 35050 555

Supply Co., Inf.Regt. .. . 34040upply Co., Inf.Regt. .. . 34040 94040 1,280,280 2505031010 31010 86060 1,170,170 23030

Machine Gun Bn. (4Co.) . .achine Gun Bn. (4Co.) . . 1,600,600 16060 1,760,760 320 2,080,08020 140401,465,465 14545 1.610.610 295 1,900,900295 13030

Machine Gun Co 38080achine Gun Co 400 42020 70 490900 36635 050 355 38585 65 450505 300

Mach. GunBn.,2Co. (Motor)ach. GunBn.,2Co. (Motor) 1,000,000 SOO 1,080,080 18080 IJ6OJ6O SOO

91 515 755 99090 16565 1,155,155 755Mach. Gun Co. (Motorized). 46 060ach. G un Co. (Motorized). 400 50000 SOO 58080 400

42 020 355 45555 755 53030 355ARTILLERY—RTILLERY—Brigaderigade 8,060,060 4,150,150 12,2102,210 2,830,830 15,0405,040 88080

7,370,370 3,795,795 11,1601,160 2,590,590 13,7503,750 805 I05 IRegiment, 3"egiment, Guns" Guns 2,350,350 1,240,240 3,590,590 87070 4,460,460 28080

2,150,150 1,135,135 3,280,280 79595 4,080,080 25555Battalion, 3'attalion, Guns' Guns 1,000,000 62020 1,620,620 23030 1,850,850 11010

9151557070

1,480,480

210101,690,690

" 10000Battery, 3" Guns 30 000attery, 3" Guns 20000 50000 .... 50000...

27 575 18585 45050 .... 45555...

Hdqrs. Co., 3"Guns .... 27070dqrs. Co., 3"Guns .... 27070 2707024 545 .245245 24545

Supply Co., 3" Guns....upply Co., 3" Guns.... ....... "860 86060860 28080....... .... 785 7858585... 25555

Regt., 6" How. (Horse Dr.)egt., 6" How. (Horse Dr.) 2,530,530 1,550,550 4,080,080 95050 5,030,030 280802,310,310 1,415,415 3730730 87070 4.630.630 25555

Battalion, 6* How . ,...attalion, 6* How . ,.. . 72020 50000 1,220,220 24040 1,460,460 70066 060 46060 1,115,115 22020 1,335,335 • 655

Battery, 6*attery, How* How 34 040 23030 57070 57070

31 010 21010 52020 52020Hdqrs. Co ,6" How. ... 29 090dqrs. Co ,6" How. ... 29090 2909026 565 26565 26565

Supply Co.. 6"Howupply Co.. 6"How ....... ....... '950 95050950 28080v

....... ....... 870 8707070 25555Regt., 4.7"'Gunsegt., (Motorized)..7"'Guns (Motorized). 3,260,260 A//0//0 4,f00,f00 76060 4^60 16060^60

2,980,980 77070 3,750,750 60505 I 4,445- 145454,445-



:i

of Units U.S. Army (continued).

MOTORIZED UNITSOTORIZED UNITS Strengthtrength

(roundroundRUNNING ALONEUNNING ALONE PARKEDARKED nombers).ombers).

i /v™k"v™kTroops. vt^,A

¦ Com- Troops. „...roops. vt^,A¦ Com- Troops. „...

£) 1£ Comb. ™£*- Total Troops, bat Comb- jf'el<l Total£) 1£ Comb. ™£*- Total Troops, bat Comb- jf'el<l Totalroops.

Train. Traln Train. Train Train . Trainroops.

Train. Traln Train. Train Train . Train Offlc "•»!«Offlc "•»!«7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 13 168 9 10 11 12 13 14 13 16 17 187 18 19 ,19 ,

i i iiiiii .••¦;••¦;

...:..: .... 1,050... 1,050I 16016096060I 145145 90) .. . 15.000) .. . 15.

! 160606060 ) 100 3000 30

.......III

........ •- M- M) 60 100 1000i i

i ....I...I 855555 115 4015 40.... .... 13,800...... 13,800 i 2,10<>2,10<>

.... .... 12.630...... 12.630 i 1,9201,9204855 .77. 2058585855 .77. 205.... .... 2,300...... 2,300i nono.... 2,105... 2,105 '<< - 31010 75> .... 35555> .... 35

!!!!7!!! .aw.aw > 1,3001,300985858585> 615 21515 215

7,230,230I 1,190I 1,190 390 ) . .. 125909090 ) . .. 125'

i ....Ii

i ....II

560606060) 595 9095 90I

I

335353535> 330 1530 15•••• '.'.'.'. "sob.'.'.'.••• "sobI 150150....... i

73030I 135135 45i.... 26555i.... 26.... 21010... i 3030.... [ ....... 19090... i 2525 25555 55

I ....I-....I- I 1....1 ...1....1 ...1 1651651 l 1451l 1451 idd 400

•

Series Aeries A gust, 191ust, 19117, wilh7, conilh conTedious to Jan 10, 1918. Machine guiedious to Jan 10, 1918. Machine guin organin organi-inFatitrjnFatitrj)r brig)r brig)ide andde and.one battalicne battalic on (two companies), motorized, per dn (two companies), motorized, per dlivision.ivision.

marche:arche: s in cn c :olumnsolumns > of fours, aof fours, aartillery and trains in single colurrrtillery and trains in single colurrnn:n:

fractorractor or itr itlotor triotor triuck drawinjck drawinjig gung :un :Withith foot 1oot 1 troops .roops . 30 yards0 yardsParkearke id.d .. 20 yards0 yardsRunniunniing alng al lone .one .. 50 yards0 yardsfractorractor drawraw ring guring gurn, caisson amd limberd, :imber :caisson aWith foot troops 40 yardsParked 30 yardsRunning alone 60 yards

Rolling kitchens and water carts figured in total for field train. They arealso listed separately, as at times they willbe attached to the combat train.

Ordnance personnel not considered.When a unit is part of another no space is allowed for Commander^ andhis staff. Wlun unit is alone proper space is allowed.

Divisional trains included in road space of divisional field train.Column 19 does not include bicycles.

j.



1

Road Spaces and War Strength~

«Italicized figures indicate yards.

floman figures indicate meters. ,



Of Units U,S. Army (continued).

MOTORIZED UNITSOTORIZED UNITS Strengthtrength(roundroundRUNNING

ALONEUNNING

ALONE PARKEDARKED numbers).umbers).

444Menenandnd Anini-

7 g » 10 » 18g » 10 » 18Offlcfflc mals.als.

1 13 14 IS 1613 14 IS 16 177 18 1998

2,400,400 95050 3,380,380 70000 4,050,050 58080 14040 72020 20000 820202,195,195 89595 3,090,090 64040 3,735,735 53030 13030 65 555 900 75050 45555 .......

1,140,140 49090 1,630,630....

1,630,630.... 27070 700 34 040 .... 34040...

10505

1,040,040 45050 1,490,490 1,490,490 ,310310......

1,250,250..... 24545 655 31010 20000 455

l&O&O .... 1,250,250... 23030 23 030 23030

1,145,145 .... 1,145,145... 1,145,145 21010 21010 21010 21515 455.... 2,660 2.660.660,660... .... "380380...

.... 2,430 2,430,430,430.... 38080350 3505050 800 455

11,0001,000 2,740,740 13,940 2J660 16,6006,6002J6603,940 2,100,100 42 020 2J20J20 38080 2,900,90010,0500,050 2,690,690 12,745 2,430 15,1805,180,4302,745 1.925.925 38585 2,305,305 35050 2.655.655 1,685,685

SJ3OOJ3OO 98080 4,280 700 4,98V,98700,280 V 60000 14040 10000 8404038080

3,020,020 89595 3,915 640 4,555,555640,91574040

1,600,600 2,090 2,090,090,09055050 13030 67 575 900 77070 50505 10505..... 28080.... 700 35 050 35050

1,465,465 450 1,915 1,915,915,91550 25555 655 32 020 32020 22525 4551250250 .... 1,250,250... ....

1,250,250.... 23030 23 030 23030

1,145,145 1,145 1,145,145,145 21010 21 010 21010 21515 455.... 2,660 2,660,660,660... '380 38080380

2,430 2.430.430,430 350 3505050 800 455

....... ....... 18585 800 400

..............

....... 1,665,665 31010 SOO

77575 12020 400

25555 40101 155

¦¦¦¦¦¦¦

-.......

- .... 26060... 25050 200

....... 800 855 5

800 900 2

800 300 1

....... 100 255 5

92020 185 1707085¦ii

-:•:• 55050 10505 800

....... .:.•¦•¦¦•:.•¦•¦¦• 36565 655 600

.... l.m.m...

*200J200J'-'¦>-'¦>

•.... -J 1,190,190.... -J 18585 12525 .WWi





of Units U. S. Army (continued).

MOTORIZED UNITSOTORIZED UNITS Strengthtrength. (round(round

PARKEDARKED

RUNNING ALONE - -UNNING -LONE nnmbers).nmbers). I*l*l-n mm ? Troops. „.,,I? Troops. „.,,I Ann<• Troops. „. Com ™*<• Troops. „. Com ™* Men ._,en ._,

Troops. .b Comb-*lel«- ¦Total- Troops, bat Comb- -roops. .b Comb-*lel«- ¦Total- Troops, bat Comb- - Total.otal. and .1*and .1*Train. Train Train. Train Train Trainrain. Train Train. Train Train Train Offlc malsfflc mals

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 168 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 187 18

1 •'¦•'¦ ¦- I \ I 7<\ I 7<

..... .... 1,0501 16060... 1,0501

.... 960 1454560... 90000 ..... 15555

-:: 160'60 ' 100000000 30000 -•-• .... 160... 160

....... 90 60 1000000 60 100 10

i 85555 115151515 40000.... .... 13,800...... 13,800 2,100,100.... 12.6302.630... 1,920,920 485858585 .;:.;:. 205050505.... .... 2,300...... 2,300 UOO.... .... 2,105...... 2,105 . 310310 75555 ..... ....... 35555

.

....... .... .... .... 7,900 .... ...'.... .... .... 7,900 .... ...'. 1,300,300985 61515858585 61515 215151515

7,230,230 1,190 12$,190 12$... 390909090... ..... 12525"

•

-•¦•--•¦•-I

5606060560595959595 900

.......

;- .- ..335353535 330303030 155

....... 80000 1505073030 13535 45555 ............. 200

-• 21010• 30019090 255 25555 ...... 5..... 5

\-- ...1 ....I ...|¦IIII

...1 ....I ...| 16565 1451451451451........ i i I.. .1 I i 1651 40651 40I.. .1 I i

*

Series Aeries AA, August, 1917,

with correctionsto Ji, August, 1917,

with correctionsto Jilan 10,1918.

Machinegun organian 10,1918.

Machinegun organi-

infantrynfantryybrigade and one battalion (two compbrigade and one battalion (two comp janies), motorized, per division.anies), motorized, per division.

marchesarches :s in columns of fours, artillery ands in columns of fours, artillery and [ trains in single column :trains in single column :

tractorractor *or motor, truck drawing gun :or motor, truck drawing gun :

Withith foot troopsoot troops 30 yards0 yardsParkearke i&. .. .&. .. . . 20 yards0 yardsRunniunniling aloneing alone . . 50 yards. 50 yards

fractorractor * drawing gun, caisson and limber :drawing gun, caisson and limber :Withith foot troopsoot troops 40 yards0 yardsParlu>arlu>cd ......d ...... : . . 30 yards. . 30 yardsRunniunniling aloneing alone 60 yards0 yards

Boilingoiling;kitchens and water carts figured inkitchens and water carts figured inl

total for field train. They aretotal for field train. They arealso IIlso IIsted separately, as at times they willsted separately, as at times they willIbe attached to the combat train.be attached to the combat train.Ordnance personnel not considered.When a unit is part of another no space is allowed for Commander^ andhis staff. WtiJti unit is alone proper space is allowed.

Divisional trains included in road space of divisional field train.Column 29 does not include bicycles.

j ¦','\"K i



PART V.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED.

*



145

ABBREVIATIONS USED.

A.D.G.T.—

Acting Director General Tranportation.

A.G.S.O.— Acting General Staff Officer.—A.P.M.

—Assistant Provost Marhal.

Brig. Brigade.

C.8.0. —Chief BilletingOfficer.—CO. Commanding Officer.

C. of S. —Chief of Staff.—C.T. Communication Trench.

D.G.T. —Director General Transportation.

D.P. —Distributing Point.—Detach. Detachment.*—Engr.

F.S.R.

Gl.

G2.

G3.

G4.

G5.

Hq.O.P.

P.C.

R.T.O.

S.R.T.

S.S.W.Tn.

Tr.

Engineer.

—Field Service Regulations.

—General Staff Officer No. I— SupplySec-

tion.—General Staff Officer No. 2 -Intelligence

Section.

—General Staff Officer No. 3—OperationSection.

—General Staff Officer No. 4—Co

ordination Section. /CorP s

—General Staff OfficerNo. s.— Trai- X or

ning Section. ] Army

—Headquarters.

—Observation Post.—Command Post.-Railway Transport Officer.—Supt. Railway Transportation.

—Station slightly wounded.

—Train.

—Troop.



*»

PART VI

INDEX

/

¦¦\

10



m

149

INDEX .

Page

Abbreviations 145

Accommodation French Trains (Table) 119—Accommodations Billets (Table). .-....- 20

Ammunition Depots (Table). . 59

Artillery 89Artillery (Construction emplacements) . 127

Artillery Organization ofa Division (Table) 52

Artillery Organization ofa Corps affecting a Division(Table) •

53

Assembly ofa 2nd Line Division for Attack, (The). 73

Attack ofa Division (War of Movement). ...... 81

(War of Position) 46Aviation. 99—Barrages Artillery...'.'., 91

—Barrage chart 75 m.— " "Barrage chart 6 and 8 Howitzers.—Barrage chart Machine Gun.—Billets (Table) 20—Cable lines buried (Construction work) 128

Changes in Artillery Position (Table) 59

Combat orders (War of Position) Part II...... 33

Combat orders (War of Movement) Part 111. . ,;• . 71

Communication Trenches (Construction work). .. 126

Concentration— fire (Table) 59

Co-ordinates French Maps. 125

Counter-Attack . . 69

Data on Trench Construction. . ... . . . . . .?

126

Day of Fire 92

Demolition Hostile Batteries (Table) 56

Destructive power of Artillery........... 90Dressing Station (Construction). .......... 128

Dugo\ats—(Construction work) , 127



150

Page

¦Qtjmps-r^Gonstruction worky . . . . 128

Drimps^-Ammunition . 113S.A.A 113

Engineer ............ 114

Entrainment (Table) ........ 12Exploitation of a Success . . . . :. . . . . . . 68Field Order—Form 5

Fire—Keeping up.

.................91

Neutralization ..... 91

Raking ..'..- 91

Fire on Transient Objects (Table). .58

~French Railroads ...'.. 115

-Guns -of various types. 89

Halt on the Battlefield 84Harassing and Prohibitive Fire (Table) 58information concerning Hostile Batteries (Table) . . 55

Location Observation Stations (Table). .... . . . 54Machine Guns. 93

Maps (co-ordinates, etc) 120

Mgrch Graphics and Road Spaces . . 129

March Table. 19

March of Division in Advance Guard of an Army

Corps. . 75

Medical Supplies 128

Miscellaneous Notes 87Move Orders •. . . . 7

Move ofa Division by Bus 22

" " " " "Rail . / 9Road 17

Neatralization Hostile Battery (Table). . 57

Neutralization Hostile O.P's (Table) 57

Observation Posts (O.P's) (construction work). . . 127

ition of an area for attack 42sket Lipes (Construction work). 128

Posts of Command (P.C's) (Construction work)... 127



151

PageI

Raid—Trench ......... 41

Railroads, French.• .-. ... . . 115

Rate ofFire— Artillery Barrage ..:.......!. 91

Reconnaissance in force of a Division. .76

Regfl Ist AidStation (construction) . . 128

Relief ofa Division in the line- (The) .... . . . . 25

Relief (Table)...................

27Reorganization of an area for Defense. . ..... . 35Retreat of a Division ... . . . . . . . 85

Road Material—Quantity for widening roads. . .. 128

Road Spaces and March Graphics . . .... . , . . 136Supply System (diagrams) 107

Advancing Division . . . . . ...... . . . 109

Division assembling for attack. . . . .... ill

Trench Warfare . . . : :>.... 110Tactical Withdrawal of a Division 77

Tanks— description ................ 98-=• function , . . 99

Trajectory-^-Hotchkiss Machine Guns (plate).

Trains of a Division 103

Combat Train ;. 103

Ammunition Train , 104

Engineer Train.•....,.-..

104Field Train 103

Sanitary Train. 105

Supply Train. . 1W—Upon being relieved in the line a Division. ..- . 30

Wire Entanglement— Gaps Work Table. ...... 30



\

IMPRIMERIE DE VAUGIRARD

H.-L.Motti ,Directeur

12-13, Impasse Ronsin, 12-13

PARIS

t



MUSEUM 355.331 NOTEBOOK

Notebook for the General Staff Officer



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Documents

Notebook for Staff Officer