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Farmed salmon and your Health Below is a collection of articles, largely from Norwegian newspapers, on the toxicity of farmed salmon, how Norway hid this from the public for years, how the industry lobbied the European Union to increase toxin levels in their feed and how a pediatrician blew the whistle on these toxins because they are so dangerous to the brains of developing babies. These translations are via online translators with some help from others. Babies are being exposed to damaging chemicals that salmon farmers allow in their product because it makes salmon farming more profitable. While these are Norwegian articles, the same farming and feed-‐manufacters opereate in BC, with the product going to California. If these companies are only allowing toxins in the salmon they sell at home, they can explain how and why. – Alexandra Morton
WARNING: Doctor Anne-‐Lise Birch Monsen and Chief Bear Bolann are critical of children and pregnant women eating farmed salmon. Photo: MARCUS HUSBY
Doctors and professors: -‐ Do not eat farmed salmon
Turns alarm to women, youth and children
Posted 06/10/13 -‐ 6:33, as amended 6/10/13 -‐ 9:59 (AP) http://www.vg.no/helse/artikkel.php?artid=10117390 By Marcus Husby and Bjorn Haugan
Norwegian doctors, professors and international health experts believe women, children and young people should stay away from farmed salmon on the dinner dish.
Norwegians have become a salmon-‐eating peoples, and farmed salmon has become the new favorite. Just last year Norway produced about 60 percent of the world production of Atlantic salmon, which is equivalent to 1.1836 million tons of fish. Norwegian health authorities recommend Norwegians to eat seafood three times a week. But it is far from anyone who thinks farmed salmon should have a permanent seat at the dinner table. -‐ Salmon feed harmful Consultant Anne-‐Lise Birch Monsen clinical department at Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen, is one of the six independent health experts VG has spoken to. She advises several groups (against) having farmed salmon in their diet at all. -‐ I do not recommend pregnant women, children or young people eat farmed salmon. It is uncertain in both the amount of toxins salmon contains and how these drugs affect children, adolescents and pregnant women, says Birch Monsen told VG. She refers to the so-‐called persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as fed to the fish farm, and believe these are harmful to young bodies -‐ especially infants. The type of contaminants that have been detected in farmed salmon have a negative effect on brain development and is associated with autism, AD / HD and reduced IQ. We also know that they can affect other organ systems in the body's immune system and metabolism, says Birch Monsen. According superior transfer the harmful contaminants, which are not necessarily dangerous for a human adult, the newborn through breast milk. -‐ The substances are stored in fat tissue, and when you are pregnant and starting to breastfeed, they are mobilized. A lot of that fat makes toxins that are transmitted to the child. -‐ If you start eating salmon when you are small and are pregnant when you are 25, you have a pretty significant stock in the body already, says Birch Monsen. She explains that the toxins are stored largely in the fat on the human body.
Long persist -‐ And decay time is long. At ten years only half of the pops-‐toxins are broken down. When women have children, they detoxify: Up to 94 percent of the toxins will then disappear from the female body. What is worrying is that very much of it disappears into breast milk, which is bold and good. -‐ It means that your baby gets the "toxic load" stored in the mother over the last 10-‐20 years, and exposure at the beginning of life, is what we warn strongly against. Therefore we do not recommend that pregnant women eat farmed salmon, ie salmon, because pretty much everything we offered the salmon is farmed, says Birch Monsen. -‐ You do not recommend children and young people to eat salmon. Does that mean adolescents: A great many of them currently enjoys sushi? -‐ Women should stay away from farmed fish, at least until they have done their children. I think children and young people should not eat farmed salmon, on the basis of a precautionary principle. -‐ It goes sharply against the Norwegian health authorities provide the advice, saying toxins are well below the permissible limits ? -‐ There are substances in farmed salmon with no set limits that just means that you do not have sufficient knowledge of these. They can also be potentially harmful substances. We believe it is necessary to have a precautionary thinking. -‐ Contaminants that we are talking about providing permanent damage to the organism and is associated with autism, ADHD, disorders of the immune system and the endocrine system. -‐ Advertising Problem -‐ When one sets out requirements for what levels of toxins in fish are permitted, they must be made considering what happens during pregnancy and lactation. If you do not have sufficient knowledge about how this affects the development of infants, one should not recommend foods with a high content of this to young people. In Norway, a major advertising for farmed salmon is targeting these populations. It worries us, she says. -‐ What should they eat instead? -‐ If you have omega 3 fatty acids, so are not farmed salmon as much of it anymore. When is it more beneficial to eat mackerel and herring, she says. A large European study, which included about 8,000 newborns, was last published in the prestigious journal Environmental Health Perspectives. It reveals that pregnant women with high levels of toxins in the body, have children with low birth weight. According to Birch Monsen can turn harmful for the child's health.
-‐ As smoking -‐ Reduced birth weight is comparable to the mother smokes during pregnancy, says superior. -‐ Breast period is also in a phase of life, where the baby has an immature organ system, and there is a tremendous development. It is certainly not good, she adds. Birch Monsen is supported by colleague, physician and professor of medicine, Bjorn Bolann, who is also very critical of hazardous substances in Norwegian farmed salmon. -‐ Pollutants are all over. We get it in us -‐ whether we want it or not. But it's about eating the least amount of it, especially for pregnant women, children and adolescents. Why do they have to produce salmon with toxins, asks Bolann. The two senior consultants hope there will be a wider debate about Norwegians increasingly higher intake of farmed salmon in the future. -‐ We cannot see that this issue is adequately considered and call for a discussion in Norway. Is it prudent to recommend that young people eat a lot of salmon or whether one should apply the precautionary principle, which it is customary to do for this group, says Bolann. -‐ Have eaten loads of salmon
-‐ I am concerned that we should eat healthy, but it can often be too much hysteria: We need to eat a normal intake of different food I think a straightforward way. There has long been a debate about whether farmed salmon is healthy to eat. I choose to follow health authorities' advice, which means that people can eat two fish meals a week, says Karoline Engesæth, which is on outings with her son Mikkel. -‐ I've eaten loads of salmon all the time, even while I was pregnant and while I nursed. There is so much we should be afraid, that I take this too easy. The presence of toxins transmitted from mother to the child, I did not. -‐ I want to know more about it and want more evidence of the dangers, says Karoline Engesæth.
AMAZED: To the right doctor Kari Westerbø with Sondre son and lawyer Carolyn Engesæth with her son Mikkel. Photo: ROGER NEUMANN
-‐ Lack of expertise -‐ We must take such information into account, says the director of health and quality of Fisheries and Aquaculture Industry Association (FHL), Henrik Stenwig, VG. -‐ We have the expertise to assess the findings against all other discoveries, which in turn says that the lack of seafood during pregnancy poorer developing fetus, says Stenwig, who does not want to go into a debate with doctors and professors said children, adolescents and pregnant women should avoid eating farmed salmon.
DIRECTOR: Henry Stenwig is director of health and quality of Fisheries and Aquaculture Industry Association (FHL). Photo: ROGER NEUMANN / VG -‐ But do you think that pregnant women and children should avoid eating farmed salmon? -‐ In the conclusions the government has made, based on the knowledge that exists, then it is healthy for anyone to eat farmed salmon. But you can be very unhealthy to eat very much safe food as well, if you have an unbalanced diet with only these types attract. It's all about balance, he says, and adds: -‐ Lack of sjøhelsemat poorer health. The challenge -‐ What is the reason so many doctors and professors believe that farmed salmon is not good for certain groups of people? -‐ The challenge is that sitting people and making discoveries in certain environments. Then there are others that draw opposite conclusions on the basis of the same undesirable substances. We can not have any opinions about it until the authorities have concluded their on the basis of information from the scientific committees are appointed to conduct the necessary risk calculations in relation to what is safe, says Stenwig. According to doctors at Haukeland Hospital, the level of omega 3 fatty acids in farmed salmon has been significantly reduced in recent years. It also confirms the director of FHL.
-‐ Omega 3 levels in salmon has been declining over time. This is because the source of omega 3 in salmon feed is the marine products. When they go down, so also the omega-‐3 levels in salmon go down. This does not make the salmon a less important food to achieve a healthy diet for the individual consumer, explains Stenwig. Research Director at the National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), according to doctors and health experts who specifically warns against farmed salmon especially pregnant wrong. NIFES whose mission is to work to ensure safe and healthy seafood to the Norwegian people. Eide Graff refers to the Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) its report on fish and seafood in the Norwegian diet from 2006. -‐ It says that the Norwegian people should eat more seafood. It also applies to pregnant women and children. It's only big consumer of seafood, which is above the tolerable weekly intake of dioxins and dioxin-‐like PCBs. But 85 percent of the population is below, says Eide Graff told VG. For small oily fish She believes the positive aspects of eating farmed salmon, surpassing the possible negative effects. -‐ Our concern is that pregnant women and women of childbearing age consume too little fat fish. It is dangerous not to eat seafood. But everything is so clearly dangerous if you ingest too much of it. It comes to water, says research director -‐ But should not make aquaculture feed containing less pollutants? -‐ There is a debate industry must take, if they will clean the oil they provide to the salmon. Farmed salmon is nevertheless one of the most thoroughly researched species we have. -‐ To eat a kilogram of farmed salmon a week poses no health risk, says Ingvild Eide Graff.
http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Norge-‐vil-‐tillate-‐mer-‐gift-‐i-‐laksefr-‐7226756.html?fb_action_ids=10151901905695050&fb_action_types=og.recommends&fb_ref=.UkyLJwjsZho.like&fb_source=other_multiline&action_object_map={"10151901905695050":504369372970368}&action_type_map={"10151901905695050":"og.recommends"}&action_ref_map={"10151901905695050":".UkyLJwjsZho.like"}
Norway will allow 10 times more of the toxic substance endosulfan in salmon than has previously been allowed. The substance is banned in Europe. May Britt Brøyn
A new regulation which is now out for consultation, would increase the threshold for plant poison endosulfan in feed for farmed salmon by 10 times. The case has been adopted in the EU and should be implemented in Norway.
And it is Norway that have pushed for nearly three years to get the EU to increase the limit, confirming Ingunn Ormstad, senior advisor at the FSA.
For, as the FSA writes in its letter: "The limit value for the concentration of endosulfan in feed for salmonids is of great economic importance for the aquaculture industry in both the short and longer term."
It was contrary to the question when the matter was put to the vote in the European Commission. Several EU countries had strong objections, and the Commission promised to closely monitor the environmental consequences of allowing increased endosulfan.
The fish can withstand poison
Previous experiments have shown that endosulfan is highly toxic to salmon, so the drug was previously prohibited in feed for all salmonids. But attempts nifes (National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research) subsequently conducted, showing that the fish can tolerate plant poison better when it gets them through the feed than by being exposed to it in the water.
Recent analyzes of EFSA (European Scientific Committee) also shows that there is no any adverse effect on the salmon fish get feed containing up to 0.1 mg endosulfan per. kilo -‐ as long as the fish are kept in cages. Other species have not raised the limit, says Ormstad.
It is the transition to more vegetable feed that is why the limit now raised, she confirms. For this feed imported largely from South America, where it is still allowed to use endosulfan.
Warns
Jerome Ruzzine participated in 2010 in a study of a variety of foods and their content of pollutants, a collaboration between a number of U.S. universities, published in the journal PloS ONE.
In samples of salmon fillet that researchers had analyzed, they found large amounts of PCBs, DDE -‐ and endosulfan.
-‐ The level of pollutants in farmed salmon is so high compared to what it is in other foods, that we must act. We have technology that can purify and remove toxins, we must adopt it, says Ruzzine.
He feels especially pregnant women and young children should eat the least amount of farmed salmon.
-‐ But older people should be restrained, he said.
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Endosulfan
Endosulfan is a substance used in pesticides.
The drug was banned in Norway since 1996, and is banned in the EU.
There may still be found as residues in the environment, especially in water. The drug was mainly used in greenhouses and berry production.
It is highly toxic to fish and have both carcinogenic and reproductive inhibitory effects of exposure.
Limit for endosulfan in salmon is raised from 0.005 mg / kg to 0.05 mg / kg.
Scientists threatened into silence Scientists who go across its research institution official view, being bullied. Calls for guidelines to comment on politically controversial findings. http://www.aftenposten.no/jobb/-‐-‐Forskere-‐trues-‐til-‐taushet-‐5560651.html
RAGNHILD MOY Published: 02.apr. 2006 0:26 Updated: 15.okt. 2011 9:06 p.m.
It appears from a remarkable letter from Havforskerlaget in Bergen Norwegian Research Association. Where one takes up the dilemma that arises when scientists sitting on documented scientific knowledge that is politically controversial, and that could harm economic interests. The reason for the letter is the case in the National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), confirming Trygve Gytre, who signed the letter. Until a few days ago he was head of Havforskerlaget. NIFES case is about senior Claudette Bethune and her statements in several newspapers, including that the Russians might be right in their accusations of high levels of cadmium in Norwegian salmon. It happened at a time when all the official Norway meant to know that the Russians measured error. Major national economic interests were at stake. Bethunes statements led to management at NIFES went out with a press release in which the department took condemning the contents of her statement. The case has also led to that she is forced out of the job. -‐ NIFES liked Statements her badly. In the press release they try to disparage her importance, which means trouble for her further career, says Gytre.
Personal rights. Havforskerlaget also refers to a case two years ago, where IMR distanced himself from his own research, Erik Slinde. He criticized the hygiene of Norwegian fishermen in an interview with the newspaper Fiskaren.Havforskerlaget takes no position on who has the right professional in these cases. -‐ But we think that the person targeted press releases represent a form of bullying that is not consistent with the ethical rules that apply between State employees and organizations, according to the letter. -‐ It must be possible to specify an institution's official
Norway was not ready for the American researcher Claudette Bethune, who has a rather different view of Norwegian salmon than the official institutions in Norway. The academic community in Norway is so small that it is impossible to ask critical questions, says Bethune. PHOTOGRAPH ODDMUND LUNDE / DAGBLADET
view in a case without government to discredit an employee who promotes an "unsolicited opinion", says Gytre.
Combustible. Marine scientists do not think the problems are minor in connection with the controversial oil industry in the North. "In particular, we can expect problems with researchers speech in connection with plans for increased oil activity in the area", states in the letter. -‐ There are strong political interest to expand the areas in the north, while scientists are concerned. We see major conflicts between conservation-‐oriented researchers and developers, says Gytre.
Duty to speak. It is rare especially career-‐enhancing to go out with opinions across the official opinions. -‐ How big is the problem of researchers' freedom of expression? -‐ It is difficult to measure. But the more extensive contract research gets, the greater the problem will be. Researchers should ensure contracts that gives them the right to publish the results of the research, says Kari Kjenndalen, Secretary General of NAR. -‐ How do you see that it sent out press releases to individuals? -‐ We had preferred an academic discussion between those concerned rather than person-‐oriented comments, she says.
The conservative right party asks fisheries minister to respond on farmed salmon
DEMAND ANSWERS: Conservative economic policy spokesman, Svein Flåtten asks what will the Fisheries Minister do to ensure that it is safe to eat Norwegian salmon? Photo: Håkon Mosvsvold LARSEN / NTB SCANPIX Published 06/10/13 -‐ 10:30, modified 06/10/13 -‐ 10:34 (© NTB) http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/artikkel.php?artid=10117420
Is Norwegian farmed salmon dangerous eating for children and pregnant women? Conservative economic policy spokesman Svein Flåtten please fisheries minister respond in Parliament.
-‐ I want to know what she can do to make Norwegian consumers and society sure that Norwegian farmed salmon is a healthy and clean product. That's what we've been hearing from researchers for years, says Flåtten NTB. He believes there is reason to take seriously the warning raised by doctors in Monday's VG. It is argued contaminants in farmed salmon can harm brain development. -‐ It seems as if they see something in research it is worth looking into. Meanwhile, the nutrition advice unequivocal terms the importance of eating fish, and there is no reason to leave it without further says tick. Salmon farming companies trade for 54 billion a year and is the second largest export after oil and gas. -‐ There is no doubt that such postings may have a negative effect on turnover. Therefore, it is important to clarify this quickly. I expect the health authorities look closely at the findings discussed, he said.
http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/06/13/nyheter/samfunn/fisk/oppdrett/oppdrettsneringen/27687416 Anne Marte Blindheim [email protected], Thursday 13, June 2013 (Dagbladet): Dagbladet reveals today that the leading authority in the field, the Scientific Committee for Food Safety, in 2006 warned against eating more than two meals of fatty fish a week. This advice is not reproduced in the Norwegian health authorities' official dietary advice , and has not been mentioned in this week's salmon debate by neither health, fish scientists, fisheries minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen and Health Minister Jonas Gahr Støre. Directorate of Health admits to Dagbladet today that they do not know if most people know the warning, which especially applies to women of childbearing age. Fisheries Minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen has on several occasions in recent years recommend people to eat more fish and more salmon, without mentioning the roof of two salmon meals
each week. Now do not ask for an interview and answer whether she has known the warning in the Scientific Committee report and why she has not communicated earlier caveat. Fisheries Minister's communications chief Ingrid Dåsnes says that dietary located under the Ministry of Health and the Minister at any time relate to them. -‐ I support myself on dietary health authorities, is the comment she communicates from the fisheries minister. No media will interview with fisheries minister today said communications manager. Ministry of health authorities, who are responsible for dietary advice. Helsedirekretoratet match Dagbladet today that most people eat less than two meals of fish a week, and that the important thing is to get consumption up. They have been afraid to scare people from eating fish. Contaminant Experts Dagbladet has spoken to think it's unfortunate that people have not received complete information so they can make their own choices. Read the full article in today's print edition or Dagbladet Plus (subscription) Experts warned women against eating more than two meals of fatty fish a week -‐ the government dropped the council because they would scare consumers. -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐
The complex debate over toxins in Norwegian farmed salmon has experts speaking out on both sides, with some maintaining that farmed salmon is safe while others advise against consuming it at all.
http://barentsobserver.com/en/nature/2013/06/understanding-‐debate-‐over-‐pops-‐norwegian-‐farmed-‐salmon-‐24-‐06
Christi Turner June 24, 2013
The crux of the concern is a group of toxins known as persistent organic pollutants, commonly referred to as POPs. POPs are a group of chemicals which resist degradation in nature, and instead accumulate in the environment for the long term. POPs include herbicides, pesticides, coolants, and flame retardants, and many are known to pose significant health risks to humans. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified polychlorinated biphenyls – or PCBs, a type of POPs once widely used as coolants, lubricants and “plasticizers” – as probably carcinogenic to humans. Many other POPs are also suspected as cancer-‐causing, on top of other documented adverse health effects on both humans and animals, especially those higher up on the food chain.
This is where farmed salmon come into play. Marc Berntssen, a scientist at the National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), said that it’s important to understand that POPs are highly present in marine ecosystems, mostly as a result of industrial and agricultural run-‐off. Just as important, POPs are fat-‐soluble and accumulate in the “fat” part of the ocean – such as in the bodies of oily, high-‐fat fish.
A major ingredient in feed pellets for farmed salmon is typically fish oil, produced from fatty wild fish like blue whiting and capelin that are processed into oil for feed. This issue in itself has sparked public outcry against the unsustainable harvesting of fish for feed pellets, and prompted the fish farming industry to find ways to use less fish to produce the same amount of farmed fish, and improve the so-‐called Fish In Fish Out ratio.
Sustainability concerns aside, the fish oil production process further concentrates the POPs that the blue whiting, capelin, or other fish used for feed have accumulated in nature. When the feed pellets are given to farmed fish such as salmon, the POPs are passed onto them.
Berntssen said that reducing POPs in farmed salmon is above all a matter of reducing the amount of fish oil in feed pellets. He said that consumer demand has prompted a shift to vegetable oil in recent years.
“Consumers wanted a more sustainable product, and to reduce the destruction of fish to feed other fish,” Berntssen said. “The reduction in POPs was a welcome byproduct.”
But as consumers become more aware of the POPs issue, public concern is mounting. The Barents Observer recently reported on local fishermen’s concern that salmon farms are poisoning surrounding wild fish, which may be accumulating POPs by eating the pellets that fall through the salmon pens to the sea floor. Recent research suggests that this may be a valid concern.
Despite disagreement from health officials and conflicting scientific evidence, the Norwegian Health Directorate maintains that it is safe to eat farmed salmon. In 2009, the total value of Norway’s farmed salmon exports was NOK 23.7 billion (EUR 3.1 billion).
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Here is the salmon farming “mafia” network
Fisheries Minister salmon farming colleagues govern power bastions of fisheries. Halldor Hustadnes [email protected] Anne Marte Blindheim [email protected] Rosaleen Lode [email protected] 14 January 2010 kl.07: 00 Source: Regjeringen.no / FKD
The trio Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen (Norwegian Minister of Fisheries), Otto Gregussen and Life Holmefjord have background in farming. Now they sit on top of the Fisheries Norwegian power bastions Fisheries, Fisheries and Marine Research, while aquaculture is massive criticism of crime and environmental damage. Not everyone is confident that these three are the right ones to clean up.
Hangover -‐It is very difficult to take what they say seriously, without wondering about other interests behind, says Conservation Association fisheries expert Gunnar Album. He believes salmon escapes, sea lice and diseases caused by an almost headless growth, where other than the highest possible profits have been neglected. Now comes the hangover. One of the companies where fisheries Berg-‐Hansen's company is co-‐owner investigated the IRS, another got a million clients of Fisheries. Also directorate manager is in trouble: Fisheries Director Holmefjord's company received a fine of 5.6 million.
Good friends Fisheries' regional director for Norway, Otto Gregussen, is also involved in the impartiality discussion. Even before the Norwegian authorities took the case, he acquitted Sinkaberg-‐Hansen (the Fishery Minister’s family company) for salmon escapes. Gregussen and Berg-‐Hansen's close friends. Both worked as political advisors in the Ministry of Fisheries in the 1990s, and in 2000 he was Fisheries Minister while she was secretary to the Prime Minister. Both have held senior positions in what is now called the Norwegian Seafood Federation (FHL). Today Gregussen Holmefjord chairman and board member of the fishing industry's key setter IMR.
Salmon farmers in government In fisheries minister's power network are also Johnsen, who until last summer was chairman of one of the world's largest aquaculture company, Cermaq. The two set up in the autumn on the board of SOS Children's Villages, along with NSA President Elisabeth Grieg, who is a major shareholder in farming company Grieg Seafood. Berg-‐Hansen can also draw on contacts from
FACTS:
• Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen family company Sinkaberg-‐Hansen investigated for salmon escapes the IRS. • At the same time she and fisheries director in the spotlight for the so-‐called fee matter, where they have stopped levying of charges including violation of their own farming companies. • The aquaculture industry is to blame for the lice and diseases that harm wild fish • Parliamentary Scrutiny and Constitutional Committee has requested a report from the Minister about her impartiality.
Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen's CV:
• 2008 Fish Breeder, SinkaBerg-‐Hansen AS • 2004 -‐ 2008 Vice President NHO • 2000 -‐ 2001 State Secretary at the Prime Minister Stoltenberg I. • 1992 -‐ 1996 Political Adviser in the Ministry of Fisheries. • Has been Chairman of the Fishery and Aquaculture Industry Association (FHL) and director Aker Seafoods ASA, IMR and over 20 other companies, research institutions and organizations.
his years as vice president of NHO and board member of Aker Seafoods. Rokke company Aker Seafoods is one of the most important players on the capture page of Fisheries Norway. Agriculture Minister Lars Peder Break (Sp) also has interests in aquaculture. He is indirectly in fisheries minister companies Sinkaberg-‐Hansen, and his brother Are is chairman of both Sinkaberg-‐Hansen and subsidiaries Bindalslaks and Bindal Smolt.
Power Concentration -‐ Unfortunately, there has been very much concentration of power in Fisheries Norway. The circle of lobbyists, presidents and ministers has been recruited from a very narrow environment, traditionally linked to the West Coast and deep-‐sea fishing fleet. Now it has taken more of aquaculture, as they are grown. There are recruited among the largest and those with the most money. As fjord fishing at the Russian border, you have no chance to sit in the cafeteria at IMR or Fisheries and associate networks, says Arne Jensen, vice chairman of the Norwegian Coastal Fishermen's Association.
Stops debate -‐They have managed to be counted as part of the fishing industry, in line with fishing boats and skate and cod on racks. In reality they are part of an industry that relies on large capital and laksfôr from all oceans. This is all about image. That's why they have people everywhere. This network manages to stop any critical debate, says Gunnar Album. He believes that farming is not considered as part of the fisheries, and points out that hunting and farming have opposite interests include fish health and environmental issues. Fisheries Minister will not comment on the matter.
http://www.tnp.no/norway/panorama/3780-‐norway-‐lobbied-‐to-‐raise-‐toxin-‐level-‐in-‐salmon-‐feed According to Aftenposten’s report, Norway has for years tried to get the EU to allow ten times more toxin (Endosulfan) in salmon than previously allowed. Now, Norway has received approval
in the EU. In the consultation document from the FSA shows that there are economic reasons why Norway is eager to raise the limit. "The limit value for the concentration of endosulfan in feed for salmonids is of great economic importance for the aquaculture industry in the short and longer term," stated in the letter. Endosulfan was previously forbidden to use in feed for all salmonids, but research has shown that fish can withstand poison through better feed than by being exposed to it in the water. Opposition parties criticizes fisheries minister for not taking the debate seriously. Many fear all the debate about potential hazards of eating farmed salmon can have negative consequences for the Norwegian salmon export. -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐
Now Government warns against too much salmon Anne Marte Blind heim [email protected] http://m.db.no/2013/06/16/nyheter/samfunn/politikk/jonas_gahr_store/helsedirektoratet/27729483/?www=1 On Thursday, Dagbladet wrote that the Scientific Committee for food safety recommended an upper limit of two fatty fish meals a week in 2006 because of the nature of the contaminant-‐but the recommendation was put in a drawer. For seven years, health officials and politicians communicated one message: eat at least two fish meals a week. On Tuesday, health minister Jonas Gahr Støre said that fish the advice is good enough. But in a day as the news spread, he
turned, and said that the dietary advice should be reviewed. On Friday, the Norwegian Directorate for health put down and worked with the new formulations.
A maximum of two salmon Now on Monday will be dietary advice changed, and conveyed at the Helsenorge.no and to the health care provider, said acting health Director Knut-‐Inge Klepp. The new, official Council reads like this: "Young women and pregnant women are advised to eat two to three fish meals a week, half of which should be oily fish. We clarify that one should remain within two meals, oily fish, such as salmon. " -‐Important clarification -‐We have reviewed Vitenskapskomiteens report again and looked at the safety recommendations that lay there and how this was discussed in the report from the National Council of Nutrition in 2011. Where they discussed all the research associated with the toxicology and health effect thoroughly, and we have based our reviews on their report. They did not give this refinement. Now we see that there is a need for clarifications to the pregnant women and young women. We see that our advice may create uncertainty, and we want to be as clear as possible, says Klepp to the daily news. -‐Why did it take seven years to find this out? -‐How to fish consumption was then, this was not a problem. We still do not think it is a big problem. According to Norkostundersøkelsen from the 2010-‐2011 more than half of young women do not eat salmon, averaging 260 grams of fish a week. Still, it's an important clarification, for example, now that sushi has become a moterett. Large intake for long periods of time, can lead to increased health risks. But there is still room for the vast majority to eat more than they actually do, says Klepp.
Ask the salmon industry follow the advice -‐The fish farming industry has been eager to tell that farmed salmon is safe and that the Government people to eat more fish. Do you want to encourage them to refine their advice in line with the official recommendations? -‐Yes, to the extent that they give dietary advice, they should. it's the Norwegian food safety authority and health services that provides dietary advice in Norway, says Klepp. He believes at the same time it is important that the community makes it possible to reduce the level of contaminants in fish. The head of the Scientific Committee for food safety work in 2006, Janneche Utne Skåre Research Director, told the Dagbladet on Tuesday that the industry should clean the fish oil that is used in the salmon feed in order to get the level of pollutants as low as possible This was rejected by the country's largest feed producer Ewos.
Over 14 000 Dagbladet-‐readers have voted over whether the Government should have stated better if the max limit for salmon. 83 percent have answered Yes.
Sushi-‐mouth pushing up the price of salmon http://www.bt.no/nyheter/okonomi/Sushi-‐appetitt-‐presser-‐opp-‐lakseprisen-‐2754381.html#.UdrEiz54Zxs
The aquaculture industry has reached ceiling for how much salmon they manage to produce.
KJELL ØSTERBØ Håkon Glatved-‐Prahl Ogné Øyehaug
Published: 24.aug. 2012 10:40 Updated: 24.okt. 2012 8:21
Half of all adult Norwegians have eaten sushi in the last year, according to figures from the Norwegian Seafood Council.
Norwegians salmon appetite for years has led to the aquaculture industry production growth of 20 percent -‐ from one million tonnes to 1.2 million tonnes. According to industry has soon reached the limit of how much salmon can produce, which will cause a price jump.
-‐ This fall we will probably be close to the total capacity utilization. They mean that investors believe that prices will probably get up right there says Morten Vike, CEO of Grieg Seafood to Bergens Tidende .
Demand rises
The high demand is partly together with sushi wave worldwide, according to Vike.
-‐ There is strong growth in emerging markets such as Russia and China, and there is strong growth in established markets, he said.
Demand is good news for farmers. The fall in prices from 40 euros a kilo to 20 million last spring created major problems for the industry. Now the price up to 25 million. Grieg Seafood ran at a loss and had to renegotiate their loan terms.
Sushi does the trick
The restaurant Ichiban in Håkonsgaten in Bergen, Maria Malmedal a tray sushi served at the table window.
Customers her help to give an extra boost aquaculture, for sushi wave is noticeable worldwide, according to Vike. In Norway, nearly half of all adult eating sushi during the past year, said figures from the Norwegian Seafood Council.
Malmedal eat sushi about once a month.
-‐ It is all too rare in comparison to what I wish, 'she says.
-‐ Salmon else?
-‐ It's really good, I ate it later than yesterday. It is well, it is healthy, and so can make it in different ways.
Panache on the Stock Exchange
The rising price of salmon will give hard cash in the till. Salmon for next year are now trading at 29 to 30 euros a kilo.
-‐ Then the good performance of the industry, said Vike.
It reflects on the stock exchange. After a lousy market year last year, breeding companies had a boom in the year and fish farmers on the west coast now makes it better than average on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
In 2013, production growth will be significantly less than this year, according to forecasts, which predict a growth of five percent worldwide
http://www.vkm.no/eway/default.aspx?pid=277&trg=Content_6498&Main_6177=6498:0:31,2368&6555=6566:4&Content_6498=6187:1660639::0:6566:25:::0:0
The Norwegian Food Safety Authority approved this request even though “General cadmium toxicity in animals and man include damage to liver and kidney, anaemia, osteoporosis, reduced growth and increased mortality. Whereas several studies have been performed on waterborne exposures of cadmium, few relevant studies exist on dietary exposures in fish.” http://www.vkm.no/dav/1aac40da64.pdf
Norwegian salmon, dangerous for our health: the need to protect consumers Posted on 09-‐07-‐2013 at 12:35 -‐ Edited on 10-‐07-‐2013 at 07h07
8 reactions | 11403 read
By Jean-‐Philippe Magnen Spokesman EELV http://leplus.nouvelobs.com/contribution/904961-‐le-‐saumon-‐norvegien-‐dangereux-‐pour-‐notre-‐sante-‐il-‐faut-‐proteger-‐les-‐consommateurs.html
MOST. Smoked, tartare or sushi, Norwegian salmon is everywhere. The French are the biggest consumers in Europe and yet it would be dangerous to health . Jean-‐Paul Besset MEP EELV, Jean-‐Philippe Magnen, national spokesman Tom Sverre Tomren EELV and a member of the Federal Council of Norway Miljöpartiet de Grønne sounding the alarm. Edited by Louise Auvitu Author sponsored by Melissa Bounoua
Salmon farming in Norway Tosviken. (Tibel / SCANPIX SWEDEN / SIPA)
A very serious problem of food and environmental health has come to light in Norway's farmed salmon is produced in appalling conditions and is harmful to health.
From an official 2006 report of the Norwegian health authorities, and despite the proliferation of studies and reports on the subject, Norway late (after 7 years and under public pressure) recognized the recommendations made by scientists and doctors , including the limitations of consumption required for children and pregnant women or women of childbearing age without children, for the moment, be implemented.
The Norwegian government is playing with our health
The conditions of rearing and feeding of salmon in 2010, the facts have been reported on the excessive use of pesticides, the diflubenzuron , to fight against a natural parasite sea lice This pesticide presents health risks, in addition to affecting fish toxicity can also be transmitted to humans. Nothing has been done despite the warning issued by the French government at the time to his Norwegian counterpart.
France, the largest consumer of fish this country (imports 110,000 tons of Norwegian salmon per year) and thus its population are affected as many other European countries.
By their continued inaction, the Norwegian government and industry of farmed salmon play with the health of the world's population . The economic stakes are indeed high: Norway accounts for 60% of world production of Atlantic salmon and export it brings in each year 4.7 billion (NOK 29 billion).
For increased production controls
But health and environmental issue obviously exceeds the economic issue. Intensive salmon farming in Norway, in deplorable conditions -‐ overcrowding of animals, antibiotic treatments, spreading harmful to the environment ... -‐ Leads to produce a carrier fish potentially harmful substances transmitted to consumers and fueling a growing pollution in the fjords are located farms.
With the Greens Norwegian (From Grønne), Europe Ecology Green requires that light be shed on the conditions of salmon farming in Norway and the consumption recommendations made by health authorities are met. It must be ensured as soon as the distribution of salmon without any health hazard, product feeds and substances harmless and environmentally sound manner. Increased production controls are, at this stage, of course essential.
We call on the French and European authorities to take action to protect the health of consumers. These should require the Norwegian government a new regulatory framework, at least, must comply with EU law and transparency in the health and environmental consequences of industrial production of farmed salmon.
Published 18.09.2013 14.47
Fisheries Minister facility must forcibly kill fish By Heidi Vena
http://www.tv2.no/nyheter/innenriks/fiskeriministerens-‐anlegg-‐maa-‐tvangsslakte-‐fisk-‐4123093.html
No medicines work anymore, lice survive what is tried. Now two million farmed fish are slaughtered and the sea will be broke.
Food Safety Authority of Northern Norway has never experienced this before. Having to give orders to forcibly kill the fish because lice on fish survive all drugs. Sea north of VIKNA emptied of fish farming in order to save next year's generation fish and wild fish that swim by.
-‐ This is the only recipe remains, said district chief John B. Falch at the FSA to tv2.no.
BACKGROUND: Fisheries Minister companies threatened with gigantbot
Dramatic instrument
Yes, this is dramatic, but necessary, says Falch. FSA has carried out inspections, as previously described by tv2.no, and five farmers must do the same: to empty cages for farmed fish. Only at Sinkaberg Hansen, plant as Minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen is co-‐owner of, does it forced the slaughter of two million fish. We decided independently by the FSA to initiate harvest, says production manager Jon Sinkaberg.
CO-‐OWNER: In Sinkaberg Hansen, plant as Minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen is co-‐owner of, two million fish forced slaughter. Reuters -‐ Of course this costs, how much I do not know precisely, but we must therefore kill fish two months ahead of schedule.
Lice resist drugs
The same ting has also happened in Hardanger. The lice survive medicines farmers poured into the sea. FSA Hordaland gave a breeder orders to kill all the fish in two different locations. Bolaks firm has already executed the mission. It is the first time we see the need to give such an order founded in resistance in lice, says veterinarian Hulda Bysheim, Food Safety Authority of Bergen.
Sea emptied
That no drugs work against sea lice, and the need to empty the cages suggests a dramatic situation. Yes, it's a serious situation, admits John B. Falch by FSA in Namsos. And you can just hope that pharmaceutical companies are now coming up with something new. For now we are focusing on emptying the pens and let everything lie fallow until spring next year, then wild salmon swim out to their feeding grounds without being contaminated by sea lice.
FSA has imposed Mid-‐Norwegian Aquaculture and Fish Emilsen to make a harvest in October. Sinkaberg Hansen is already in the process of emptying their cages for lusbefengt fish.
Under investigation Berg-‐Hansen farms http://www.tv2.no/nyheter/innenriks/oekokrim-‐etterforsker-‐berghansens-‐oppdrettsanlegg-‐3087869.html
Economic Crime initiates its own investigation of Fisheries Minister farms.
Already on his first day as the Minister may Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen regret that the company she co-‐owner is under police investigation.
Farming giant Sinkaberg Hansen was politianmledt for breach of Pollution Act after extensive salmon escapes. Jens Stoltenberg stood firmly behind its newly appointed Minister of Fisheries, Economic Crime but looks obviously more serious matter. Monday they chose to take over the investigation of the company.
-‐ Now we receive the case from the local police district and then we go through it and the discoveries made. So we make an assessment with the local police district on the matter provides the basis for a reaction or not, says police lawyer Aud Ingvild Slettemoen in Economic Crime.
Read also: Extensive police investigations of fisheries minister Company
No Comment
TV2 know that the company itself has reported that between 5,000 and 10,000 salmon have escaped. Later it turned out that nearly 90,000 salmon will be on the run.
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Sea lice should perhaps have been named our new national animal, says Morten Strøksnes. PHOTO: Hommedal, Marit
Morten Strøksnes Author And Writer
Published: July 5, 2013 10:39 p.m. Updated: July 5, 2013 10:39 p.m. http://www.aftenbladet.no/meninger/kommentar/Gladlaks-‐ettersokt-‐3210582.html#.UddYSz5ASV
There was confusion around the question of how much salmon we are good to eat. Experts clear advice about eating small salmon and other fatty fish had mysteriously disappeared from the government's dietary advice. Livestock Minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen's individual recommendations were left. Eat more salmon. It is good for your health (and her own wallet, but it has obviously nothing to do with it). Tabloid newspapers forced the government to retreat. Directorate of Health warns now -‐ again -‐ young women and pregnant women against eating salmon more than twice a week.
This news was such as rendered in France, perhaps the most important market for Norwegian salmon. Salmon lobby, which is well organized and crammed with money, mobilized communications advisers to counterattack. Their supreme leader has the biggest office in the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs and named Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen.
DnE Norwegian Embassy in France calms that our salmon is healthy, while Norwegians get warnings (click on image for larger view). A few hours after the Directorate of Health announced their old, new advice on eating fish, salmon lobby got out the memory of an official Norwegian retraction. On the website of the Norwegian Embassy (external link) in France and in the English version of the CMO's own pages (external link), the health warning suddenly become an advice to eat more salmon and other fatty Norwegian fish. The text reminded of an advertisement for salmon, but was graced by the Norwegian national lion. Seafood Council, one of lakselobbyens many arms, and where Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen constitute the General Assembly alone, was probably behind the message. CONFUSED? What other food we use enormous amounts of money on marketing as "healthy" abroad, while Norwegian experts warn against eating it because of toxin content? Is Norwegian healthy married to foreigners?
French and Norwegian environmental politicians come these days with a joint statement in the French media. The message is that the Norwegian government and aquaculture gamble with people's health.
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are among the ocean's most impressive creatures. It is a silvery and predators like the muscle of a fish. It has properties that can cause one to scratch their heads over evolution wonderful creations.
Fisheries Minister Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen is doing well. Shares in Sinkaberg-‐Hansen gives her between 10 and 22 million in annual dividends. In a few million years, Atlantic salmon safely placed near the top of the marine food chain. But in the 1980s we discovered that our coasts suitable for salmon farming. People got licenses and were farmed salmon lobbyists. Between the old fishing boat cuttings they suddenly around the huge yachts with hairdryers in the bathroom. Klondyke-‐mood lasted until big business took over. Today the industry is dominated by global corporations as Marine Harvest, where tax refugee and billionaire John Fredriksen's monkfish. He now wants to become even bigger, something his PR agents were portrayed as happy news for many Norwegian newspapers.
Lisbeth Berg-‐Hansen is doing well. Shares in Sinkaberg-‐Hansen gives her between 10 and 22 million in annual dividends.
A SMALL GROUP serve themselves thus wealthy to exploit our natural resources. Maybe it is deserved. But colloquially called salmon farms "salmon barn." Glad salmon suffering from heart problems and osteoporosis. It is locked in small cages where it stoppers with antibiotics and other toxins to survive long enough to end up on our dining table. At each cage fish farms release -‐ in French means "merde" accidentally "crap" or "shit" -‐ out huge amounts sewage. The waste is equivalent, according to estimates, the total is a city of 11.9 million people would have produced. Near it is the marine animals that die, the shell of shellfish dissolves and shrimp stink.
Despite heavy medication died 50 million salmon of disease in cages last year. Although it is revealed large underreporting, denies any that millions of farmed salmon have escaped from cages in recent years.
If anyone had taken their place in the same way on the land, they would be arrested on the spot.
Already endangered wild salmon are infected by their genetic weak and sick cousins. Environmental toxins accumulate, also other seafood we eat. Sea lice, which perhaps should have been chosen as our new national animal, is only one problem. Near the fisheries minister farming crabs are full of black slime and innsauset the heavy metal cadmium, which also happens to be found in salmon feed.
Although OAG see madness and require significant environmental improvements.
IF SOMEONE had taken their place in the same way on the land, they would be arrested on the spot. Fish farms we accept, maybe a little because we are used to using the sea as garbage. But perhaps most because such large amounts of nicely dressed money is involved. Here in this country we operate only on environmental protection in the case of symbolic matters not affecting any financial interests.
Svein Berg Export Council (external link) believe that scientists who speak negatively about Norwegian salmon is "fifth columnists" -‐ ie traitors. Apparently he believes that Norway is a kind of salmon-‐exporting sect.
Berg can safely interpret this message as a notification of withdrawal from my side: Attention, les Français! Le ver Anisakis simplex a été DECEL dans le Saumon norvégien! (Listen Frenchmen, have been detected nematodes in Norwegian salmon!)
The news came last year, but never reached our export markets. Nematodes are parasites that burrow into the intestinal walls, and at worst can kill people. The risk of becoming infected is by far the largest of consuming raw fish, sushi Thus, where there are sloppy with freezing.
The frontmost someone out there who knows how to translate nematodes warning to correct Japanese?
Norwegian salmon, dangerous for our health: the need to protect consumers Posted on 09-‐07-‐2013 at 12:35 -‐ Edited on 10-‐07-‐2013 at 07h07
8 reactions | 11403 read
By Jean-‐Philippe Magnen Spokesman EELV http://leplus.nouvelobs.com/contribution/904961-‐le-‐saumon-‐norvegien-‐dangereux-‐pour-‐notre-‐sante-‐il-‐faut-‐proteger-‐les-‐consommateurs.html
MOST. Smoked, tartare or sushi, Norwegian salmon is everywhere. The French are the biggest consumers in Europe and yet it would be dangerous to health . Jean-‐Paul Besset MEP EELV, Jean-‐Philippe Magnen, national spokesman Tom Sverre Tomren EELV and a member of the Federal Council of Norway Miljöpartiet de Grønne sounding the alarm. Edited by Louise Auvitu Author sponsored by Melissa Bounoua
Salmon farming in Norway Tosviken. (Tibel / SCANPIX SWEDEN / SIPA)
A very serious problem of food and environmental health has come to light in Norway. 's farmed salmon is produced in appalling conditions and is harmful to health.
From an official 2006 report of the Norwegian health authorities, and despite the proliferation of studies and reports on the subject, Norway late (after 7 years and under public pressure) recognized the recommendations made by scientists and doctors , including the limitations of consumption required for children and pregnant women or women of childbearing age without children, for the moment, be implemented.
The Norwegian government is playing with our health
The conditions of rearing and feeding of salmon in 2010, the facts have been reported on the excessive use of pesticides, the diflubenzuron , to fight against a natural parasite sea lice This pesticide presents health risks, in addition to affecting fish toxicity can also be transmitted to humans. Nothing has been done despite the warning issued by the French government at the time to his Norwegian counterpart.
France, the largest consumer of fish this country (imports 110,000 tons of Norwegian salmon per year) and thus its population are affected as many other European countries.
By their continued inaction, the Norwegian government and industry of farmed salmon play with the health of the world's population . The economic stakes are indeed high: Norway accounts for 60% of world production of Atlantic salmon and export it brings in each year 4.7 billion (NOK 29 billion).
For increased production controls
But health and environmental issue obviously exceeds the economic issue. Intensive salmon farming in Norway, in deplorable conditions -‐ overcrowding of animals, antibiotic treatments, spreading harmful to the environment ... -‐ Leads to produce a carrier fish potentially harmful substances transmitted to consumers and fueling a growing pollution in the fjords are located farms.
With the Greens Norwegian (From Grønne), Europe Ecology Green requires that light be shed on the conditions of salmon farming in Norway and the consumption recommendations made by health authorities are met. It must be ensured as soon as the distribution of salmon without any health hazard, product feeds and substances harmless and environmentally sound manner. Increased production controls are, at this stage, of course essential.
We call on the French and European authorities to take action to protect the health of consumers. These should require the Norwegian government a new regulatory framework, at least, must comply with EU law and transparency in the health and environmental consequences of industrial production of farmed salmon.
Marine Harvest-‐owner John Fredriksen has earned itself rich in salmon. No other company in the OBX index has a return this year near salmon giant. Just since May, the company value has increased by almost 50 percent. PHOTO: Svein Erik FURULUND Since May, John Fredriksen earned 11 million salmon each day http://www.bt.no/nyheter/okonomi/Siden-‐mai-‐har-‐John-‐Fredriksen-‐tjent-‐11-‐millioner-‐pa-‐laks-‐hver-‐dag-‐2736920.html -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐
Norwegian authorities: -‐ Eat less salmon The Norwegian authorities changing dietary guidelines but without informing to outside -‐ including Danish customers http://ekstrabladet.dk/kup/fodevarer/article2014666.ece
The Norwegian authorities change today dietary guidelines after massive pressure from experts. Since 2006, inter alia, Science Committee warned against eating fatty fish more than twice a week, because there is a risk that pollutants accumulate in fish adipose tissue and include can cause fetal harm in pregnant women. It writes Dagbladet.no. See also: Norwegian researchers: -‐ Farmed salmon may cause brain damage The new official dietary guidelines from Norway still sounds that you should eat 2:00 to 3:00 meals of fish per week, but pregnant women and young women is highest should eat eating fish twice a week, and only one should be oily fish -‐ ie for example. salmon. Generally, according to the Norwegian Health Directorate wise to alternate between lean and fatty fish. Fish is Norway 3 largest export, and last year were sold for 51.6 billion Norwegian kroner. Salmon make up the bulk of exports and accounted in the same period a sale of 29.6 billion. See also: Food Administration: -‐ It is not dangerous to eat farmed salmon Industry organization, Sjømatrådet will now correct dietary advice on their website, but the new recommendations from the Norwegian authorities will not appear on the material that they use to their foreign -‐ and therefore also Danish customers. -‐ No, governing each country's dietary guidelines, says Christian Cramer, who is communications director Sjømatrådet to Dagbladet.no. Sjømadrådet is set in the world of the Norwegian authorities to market Norwegian fish abroad, and the powerful trade organization is finasieret through a levy on exports. The Council has a budget of 459 million Norwegian kroner and get solid using the official Norway to promote the important export product. Both the royal couple, Crown Prince and Chief Executive Jens Stoltenberg participate when to be marketed fish abroad. Scientific References on Toxicity of Farmed Salmon
Consumption warnings
Salmon health alert Farmed salmon should not be eaten no more than three times a year due to the toxin levels. But Dr Jeffery Foran, an American toxicologist involved in the study, said neither he nor his family would eat farmed salmon again after what he discovered. There are also health concerns over feeding the fish chemicals which colour their flesh pink.” http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-‐205547/Salmon-‐health-‐alert.html
Consumption advisories for salmon based on risk of cancer and noncancer health effects. The most stringent recommendation, for farmed salmon from northern Europe, was at most one meal every 5 months in order to not exceed an elevated risk of cancer of more than 1 in 100,000. Farmed salmon from North and South America triggered advisories of between 0.4 and one meal per month. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16198332 Quantitative Analysis of the Benefits and Risks of Consuming Farmed and Wild Salmon This study found wild salmon have significantly lower contaminant concentrations than farmed salmon from any region. Young children, women of child-‐bearing age, pregnant women, and nursing mothers not at significant risk for sudden cardiac death associated with CHD but
concerned with health impairments such as reduction in IQ and other cognitive and behavioral effects, can minimize contaminant exposure by choosing the least contaminated wild salmon. http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/11/2639.full
Farmed salmon high in PCBs: study As little as one meal a week of B.C. farmed salmon could pose health hazards, according to a Vancouver geneticist. Michael Easton says he found elevated levels of PCBs in salmon raised in pens along Canada's west coast. Easton is blaming the feed used to fatten the fish and promote their rapid growth. He says it's laced with PCBs.” http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2002/05/17/salmon_020517.html
Preliminary examination of contaminant loadings in farmed salmon, wild salmon and commercial salmon feed This analysis indicated a safety concern for individuals who on a regular weekly basis consume farmed salmon produced from contaminated feed. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653501001369
Scientific Literature
Global Assessment of Organic Contaminants in Farmed Salmon “Risk analysis indicates that consumption of farmed Atlantic salmon may pose health risks that detract from the beneficial effects of fish consumption.” http://www.sciencemag.org/content/303/5655/226.short
DNA damage induced by ethoxyquin in human peripheral lymphocytes. Fish oil used in farmed salmon feed goes rancid and so Ethoxyquin is used to preserve the oil. Ethoxyquin has been found to cause DNA damage in humans. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16266792 Carry-‐over of dietary organochlorine pesticides, PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and brominated flame retardants to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fillets This study examined how much of the toxins in farmed salmon feed ends up in the salmon fillets people eat. The result showed toxins transfer from the feed to salmon 5-‐10 times higher than in terrestrial meat products (meaning cows and pigs). Uptake of toxaphene among the highest. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21284993 Risk-‐based consumption advice for farmed Atlantic and wild Pacific salmon contaminated with dioxins and dioxin-‐like compounds. Consumption of farmed salmon at relatively low frequencies results in elevated exposure to dioxins and dioxin-‐like compounds with commensurate elevation in estimates of health risk. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15866762?dopt=Abstract EU Clears Use of Some Animal Proteins in Fish Feed “The European Union (EU) has officially ended a long-‐standing ban on using certain processed animal proteins (PAPs) in fish feed... Stringent controls including species-‐specific processing and species-‐of-‐origin testing will ensure that only poultry and porcine PAPs enter the feed chain. Ruminant PAPs remain prohibited. The use of PAPs in feed was banned in 1997 for cattle, and extended to all animals in 2001 in an effort to control the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) outbreak in Europe.” http://www.rendermagazine.com/articles/2013-‐issues/april-‐2013/eu-‐clears-‐use
Levels of synthetic antioxidants (ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole) in fish feed and commercially farmed fish The highest levels of BHT, EQ and BHA were found in farmed Atlantic salmon fillets, (also tested halibut, cod and rainbow trout) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20931417
Changes in concentrations of perfluorinated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated biphenyls in Norwegian breast-‐milk during twelve months of lactation. During twelve months of nursing the levels of toxins in their milk dropped 15-‐95% suggesting the toxic load was transferred to the infant. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21090747
Chronic consumption of farmed salmon containing persistent organic pollutants causes insulin resistance and obesity in mice This study found that mice that ate farmed salmon regularly gained weight and were at elevated risk of diabetes. The results are consistent with a growing body of research on people, linking POPs exposure to type 2 diabetes. Mice fed contaminated salmon gained twice as much weight and developed more severe insulin resistance measures than mice that ate no salmon but the same amount of fat. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0025170
Intake of Farmed Atlantic Salmon Fed Soybean Oil Increases Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Mice . As fish oils become scarce and vegetable oils are used to replace them, this study examined the affect of this on consumers. The authors conclude the effects they saw may be a matter for concern that warrants further investigation. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23301026
Accumulation and distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-‐p-‐dioxin, dibenzofuran, and polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). This study looked whether specific toxins were transferred from salmon feed, into farmed salmon. Biomagnification of all the PCBs was observed. “Differences in the behavior of PCDD/F and PCB congeners resulted in a selective enrichment of the most toxic congeners in salmon.” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15230320
