northern expressway environmental report non-aboriginal

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environmental report northern expressway

non-aboriginal heritage technical paper

Northern Expressway

Non-Aboriginal Heritage Technical Paper

28 February 2007 Prepared by: QED Pty Ltd 309 Angas Street Adelaide SA 5000 Telephone: + 61 8 8227 0188 Facsimile: + 61 8 8227 0271 Prepared for: Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure 33–37 Warwick Street Walkerville SA 5081 PO Box 1 Walkerville SA 5081

Telephone: 1300 658 621 Facsimile: + 61 8 8343 2005 Email: [email protected]

© Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd, 2007 Limitations Statement The sole purpose of this report and the associated services performed by Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd (KBR) either directly or through its associates, Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd (SKM) and QED Pty Ltd (QED), is to document the effect on non-Aboriginal heritage of the Northern Expressway in accordance with the scope of services set out in contract reference 05C152 between KBR and the Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure (DTEI) (‘the Client’). That scope of services was defined by the requests of the Client, by the time and budgetary constraints imposed by the Client, and by the availability of access to the site. KBR derived the data in this report primarily from various heritage registers, the references listed in this report, site inspections from public land, and through consultation with DTEI. The passage of time, manifestation of latent conditions or impacts of future events may require further exploration at the site and subsequent data analysis, and re-evaluation of the findings, observations and conclusions expressed in this report. In preparing this report, KBR has relied upon and presumed accurate certain information (or absence thereof) relative to the site provided by the Client and others identified herein. Except as otherwise stated in the report, KBR has not attempted to verify the accuracy or completeness of any such information. No warranty or guarantee, whether express or implied, is made with respect to the data reported or to the findings, observations and conclusions expressed in this report. Furthermore, such data, findings, observations and conclusions are based solely upon information supplied by the Client in existence at the time of the investigation. This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of the Client, and is subject to and issued in connection with the provisions of the agreement between KBR and the Client. KBR accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for or in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. Revision History

Signatures Revision Date Comment Originated

by Checked

by Authorised

by

0 15/12/06 AEC517.003-U-REP-004 Issue for client review

MOC TKB MEJ

1 28/02/07 AEC517.003-U-REP-004 Issue for use

MOC TKB MEJ

v

Table of Contents

Executive Summary I

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Project description 1 1.2 Topic explanation 2 1.3 Legislative and policy requirements 2

2 Existing environment 7

2.1 Early European history of the region 7 2.2 Registered sites 8

3 Effects of project upon existing non-Aboriginal heritage 11

3.1 Overview 11 3.2 Heritage places affected 11

3.2.1 Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse, Two Wells Road and Main North Road GAWLER 11

3.2.2 Farmhouse 'Birribi', Lot 2 Wingate Road HILLIER 11 3.2.3 House 'Tudor Vale', Lot 2 Curtis Road MUNNO PARA WEST 14 3.2.4 Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area, Andrews Road

MACDONALD PARK 14 3.2.5 Dwelling – pisé cottage and brick well, Petherton Road PENFIELD 14 3.2.6 Zoar Cemetery, Lot 347 Argent Road PENFIELD 14 3.2.7 House 'Calvin Grove', Lot 76 Taylors Road VIRGINIA 14

4 Environmental management 15

4.1 Principles adopted to minimise effects 15 4.2 Measures to minimise effects during planning and design 15 4.3 Measures to minimise effects during construction 15 4.4 Measures to minimise effects post-construction 16 4.5 Specific measures for heritage places 16

4.5.1 Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse (as per listing in Register) 16 4.5.2 Farmhouse 'Birribi' 17 4.5.3 House 'Tudor Vale' 17 4.5.4 Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area 17 4.5.5 Dwelling – pisé cottage and brick well 17 4.5.6 Zoar Cemetery 17 4.5.7 House 'Calvin Grove' 18

5 Conclusion 19

6 References 21

vi

List of figures

Figure 1.1 Study area 3

Figure 1.2 Northern Expressway and surrounding road network 5

Figure 3.1 Location of affected heritage places in the study area 13

List of tables

Table 2.1 Registered sites in the Northern Expressway study area 9 Table 3.1 Summary of heritage sites affected by the Northern Expressway 12

Table 4.1 Summary of recommended mitigation measures for significantly affected heritage places 16

Attachments

Attachment A Property details: Northern Expressway Heritage Survey

vii

List of abbreviations

DTEI Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure

Glossary

Word Definition

Australian Heritage Places Inventory

A cooperative project between the Commonwealth, State and Territory governments where details of heritage places are recorded and can be searched

Development approval A process outlined in the Development Act 1993 whereby proposed development is required to be consented to by either a local council or state government development assessment panel/commission

Development Plan A document established by the Development Act 1993 that guides development. Each of the local councils has their own Development Plan for their area

Heritage Place A place of heritage significance

National Estate Significance

A place of heritage significance recorded on the Commonwealth National Estate Register

Non-Aboriginal heritage Heritage that is not associated with Aboriginal peoples. This is often also referred to as European heritage

Places of heritage significance

Items assessed under National Estate, Heritage Act or Development Act as a heritage place of significance

South Australian Heritage Register

A list of places of heritage value to the State

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I

Executive summary

Several heritage places exist within the Northern Expressway study area. The purpose of this report is to identify heritage places that may be affected by the Expressway, assess the effect and advise on the principles and management measures that may be adopted to minimise such effects.

A desktop review was undertaken to identify heritage places within 1 km of the proposed route. This review incorporated the data provided by Planning SA, and was supplemented by council development plans, council heritage surveys and data from the Australian Heritage Places Inventory. The heritage places were then assessed in terms of how the Expressway would affect them. Some heritage places were clearly not likely to be affected either due to distance or land topography between the heritage place and proposed route. Generally the heritage values of places further than 500 m from the route were considered not to be affected by the proposal. Those sites potentially affected were inspected from public land as part of the site visit.

It was considered that twenty heritage places were likely to be affected with only seven of these places expected to have a level of effect greater than minor.

The Local Heritage Places are:

Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse, Gawler Farmhouse ‘Birribi’, Wingate Road, Hillier House ‘Tudor Vale’, Curtis Road, Munno Para West Zoar Cemetery, Argent Road, Penfield.

The State Heritage Places are: Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area, Andrews Road, MacDonald Park Dwelling - pisé cottage and brick well, Petherton Road, Penfield.

A discussion of the potential effects and suggested mitigation measures for these seven heritage places is provided in this report.

General principles to protect the heritage values of heritage places in the area are identified including the early identification of heritage places (completed) and the development of management plans for affected places to ensure adverse effects are minimised.

It is considered that while some heritage places will be affected by the Expressway, these effects can be minimised through appropriate management without compromising the essential integrity of the heritage place. The exceptions, all of which are significantly affected, are:

1. Smithfield Magazine Area at MacDonald Park 2. Gawler glider field 3. House ‘Tudor Vale’, Curtis Road, Munno Para West.

II

1

1 Introduction

The proposed Northern Expressway project including the Port Wakefield Road Upgrade was developed from a planning and concept design process that considered a number of options. The final configuration of the Northern Expressway proposal, its construction method, and its environmental management during construction and operation may vary from the project described, however the project constraints, design principles and standards described in the Environmental Report would remain largely the same.

1.1 Project description The proposed Northern Expressway, and the Port Wakefield Road upgrade, will form part of the AusLink National Network, replacing the increasingly congested Main North Road thereby providing road safety and amenity benefits. The Port Wakefield Road component involves the upgrade of the existing National Network road link that connects the Northern Expressway and the Port River Expressway.

The proposed Northern Expressway between Gawler to Port Wakefield Road will provide significant State and regional benefits. It is primarily aimed at improving access to Adelaide for freight transport via the Sturt Highway, including freight for export from key areas such as the Barossa Valley wine producing area and the Riverland wine and citrus producing area. Together with the Port River Expressway, it will provide a high standard link between the Sturt Highway at Gawler and the Port of Adelaide, South Australia’s main shipping port.

It will maximise the opportunity for freight transport to gain access to producers, transport hubs, freight gateways and markets, achieve better delivery times and increase cost efficiency to gain a competitive edge, while improving safety significantly. It will also improve the transport link to the regions north of Adelaide, such as Gawler and the Barossa, fringe rural communities will be more accessible to business, industry, tourists and commuters.

The Northern Expressway corridor crosses the Northern Adelaide Plains on the north west edge of the Adelaide metropolitan area. The Expressway links with the Gawler Bypass, south of Redbanks Road in the north, to Port Wakefield Road, approximately 500 m north of Taylors Road in the south. Port Wakefield Road would be upgraded between this southern terminal junction with the Expressway and the Salisbury Highway/Port River Expressway intersection.

The route passes through mainly rural and horticultural land, bypassing the township of Angle Vale on its eastern side and passing north of the Royal Australian Air Force Base Edinburgh and the land with potential for an intermodal facility at Waterloo Corner.

The proposed Expressway is about 23 km long and upgrades to Port Wakefield Road extend over 12 km.

The Expressway will be constructed to rural freeway standard in a new road corridor, providing dual carriageways, grade separation of access/connecting roads and restricted road access. The horizontal alignment of the new road has been designed for a posted speed limit of 110 km/h. The road would have a wide corridor, typically about 70 m, but may vary at some locations.

Interchanges are proposed at the Gawler Bypass (partial), Curtis Road (partial), Heaslip/Womma roads and at Port Wakefield Road (signalised junction).

2

The Expressway will have hard shoulders along both sides for emergency vehicles and breakdowns, space for services and drainage, and a 15 m wide median.

The Port Wakefield Road works would involve upgrading of the existing divided road at a number of intersections along the project length, including at Waterloo Corner Road, Bolivar Road, Ryans Road, Martins Road and the Salisbury Highway, as well as changes to service roads, traffic controls and access to properties at other locations. In most locations, Port Wakefield Road will be widened along the outside edge of the road. It is proposed that the posted speed limit on Port Wakefield Road will be typically 90 kph, but may vary at certain times to better manage safe traffic operations.

Landscaping treatment and potential noise management measures will be developed where required following detailed design development.

The proposed route of the Expressway and upgrade of Port Wakefield Road are shown on Figure 1.1.

1.2 Topic explanation This paper discusses the expected affects of the Northern Expressway project on heritage places within the study area. There are three types of heritage places incorporated in this technical paper: places contained within the South Australian Heritage Register, places listed in local Development Plans and places identified in local heritage surveys, but not legally protected.

1.3 Legislative and policy requirements The following section has been largely informed by Cultural Heritage Guidelines: A handbook for staff and contractors prepared by Transport SA with assistance from Allan Lance, Heritage Consulting Australia, 1999.

Non-Aboriginal heritage in South Australia is protected by a suite of legislation. State level legislation relevant to the Northern Expressway includes the Heritage Places Act 1993, the Development Act 1993 and the National Trust of South Australia Act 1955. Commonwealth heritage legislation does not apply to this project as no sites of National Estate Significance occur in the study area.

Heritage Places Act 1993 The Heritage Places Act was established to conserve places of heritage value in South Australia. Places of heritage significance can include buildings, land, ruins, trees and structures where the place has historical or archaeological, geological or palaeontological significance.

Places may be considered if they meet one of a number of criteria as set out in the Heritage Places Act. Examples of site criteria include:

representative of important aspects of the evolution or pattern of the State’s history rare, uncommon or endangered qualities that are of cultural significance and which may yield

information that will contribute to an understanding of the State’s history (including its natural history)

an outstanding representative of a particular class of places of cultural significance

")Adelaide

o

ParafieldAirport

Gawler River

Northern Expressway

RAAF BaseEd inburgh

McIntyre Road

Stur t Highway

Port WakefieldRoad upgrade

Port RiverExpressway

o

o

AdelaideAirport

Portrush Road

Virginia

St Kilda

An gle Vale

Magill

Mod buryPort Adelaide

West Beach

Outer Harbo r

Elizabeth

Gawler

Gepps Cro ss

Main No r

th Road

Ang le Vale Road

Port Wakefie ld Road

Gra nd J unc tion R oa d

Two We ll s R oa d

Heaslip

Road

North E ast R

oad

Tapleys H ill Road

Salisbu

ry Highw

ayBrid

ge Road

Kings Road

Port Road

Wa te rloo Co rne r Road

Womma Road

Pen field Road

S out h R oad

Curti s Road

500m investigation corridor Study area

§

Figure 1.1 Study Area

0 5km

3

4

demonstrates a high degree of creative, aesthetic or technical accomplishment or is representative of a particular construction technique or design characteristic

has strong cultural or spiritual associations for the community or of a group within it, or has a special association with the life or work of a person, organisation or event of historical

importance. A record of all sites protected under the Heritage Places Act is held within the South Australian Heritage Register. Surveys have been carried out across the State to identify places for inclusion; however, there remain sites and places yet to be assessed which may qualify for listing.

A stop order may be issued under the Heritage Places Act for works that are threatening the heritage value of a heritage place. The Heritage Places Act requires any works affecting a heritage place listed on the State Heritage Register to receive development approval before being undertaken.

Development Act 1993 The Development Act deals with planning and development in South Australia. The Act specifies that any development proposal that will materially affect a heritage place listed within the South Australian Heritage Register or affect the context within which that place is situated, must be lodged for assessment by the relevant planning authority (a council’s Development Assessment Panel or the Development Assessment Commission). The formal advice of the Minister for Environment and Heritage (or their delegate) is obtained and considered as part of the decision making process.

Development in relation to heritage places includes any activity that may affect its heritage value. This could include demolition, painting, conversion or alteration.

The Development Act enables local councils to list places of local heritage value within the Development Plan for that area. Places of local heritage value are not entered into the South Australian Heritage Register (but are listed in an inventory attached to the register) and are recorded in the relevant Development Plan.

National Trust of South Australia Act 1955 The National Trust is a non-government organisation whose aim is to conserve items of heritage value. Classification by the National Trust recognises the value of a place but does not provide legislative protection. Generally places classified by the National Trust are now entered into local, state or national registers.

o

ParafieldAirport

Gawler River

Port RiverExpressway

oRAAF BaseEd inburgh

McIntyre Road

Stur t Highway

Port WakefieldRoad upgrade

Gawl e

r By pa

ss

Cur tis Road

Bolivar

RoadMar ti

ns Road

Waterloo Corner

Salisbury

NorthernExpressway

Virginia

St Kilda

Angle Vale

Modbury

Elizabeth

Gawler

Main North

Road

Angle Vale Road

Port Wakefield Road

Grand Junction Road

Two Wells Road

Heaslip

Road

Nor th East Road

Salisbu

ry High

way

Bridge R

oad

Kings Road

Waterloo Corner Road

Womma Road

Penfield Road

South Road

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Figure 1.2 Northern Expressway andsurrounding road network

0 2km

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2 Existing environment

2.1 Early European history of the region Both the study area and the area in which it is located were inhabited by the Kaurna people prior to European settlement.

The northern Adelaide plains were not initially sought out by the early European settlers. Surface water was scarce in the area and the little settlement that did occur was around watercourses such as the Little Para, South Para and Gawler rivers. During the 1840s a small number of sheep and cattle stations were established, including some at Angle Vale. As early as 1847 a number of farms and houses were operating on land that fronted the Gawler River (Wood 2005).

In the 1850s stock grazing gradually gave way to wheat, barley and oat growing. The fertility of the soil and low annual rainfall meant that mixed farming became common and remained in the region through to the mid–1900s. A typical mixed farm could include production of hay, growing wheat for seed, sheep grazing and farming peas (Galbreath and Pearson 1982).

Gawler is reputed to have been the first country town established in South Australia. When passing through in 1837, Colonel William Light viewed the site with favour due to its location on the road to the north and to the River Murray. John Reid and his family were the first to settle in the Gawler locality. Reid took up a property adjacent to the Little Para River in February 1839 (Town of Gawler 2006).

The Buchefelde locality to the west of Gawler along Two Wells Road was settled by German immigrants. Funds for their emigration were donated by a German geologist, Leopold von Buche. The settlers named the locality after their benefactor. All that remains of the original settlement in the area is the Loos Cemetery (McDougall and Vines 2004).

In 1839, three years after proclamation, John Harvey migrated to South Australia from Scotland. He purchased land along the Little Para River in 1847 with the aim of establishing a township. Harvey began selling allotments in 1848 for the Township of Salisbury. He named the town after Salisbury, England which was near his wife’s home town. The township’s population was between 400 and 500 in 1881. The area produced crops including oranges, wheat, hay and dairy produce. The key industries in the area were flour mills and the Paternoster Engineering Works, which manufactured windmills (City of Salisbury 2006).

There was little change in the Town of Salisbury until 1940 when the Commonwealth Government built a munitions plant at Penfield which attracted many new people to the area and effectively doubled the size of Salisbury. The munitions plant proved to be important when Australia entered into World War Two. Munitions made in the factory were stored throughout the area from Gawler to Dry Creek, e.g. in MacDonald Park. Munitions were flown out from the present Edinburgh airfield. The Gawler airstrip was identified as a secondary take-off point if Edinburgh was non-operational. Magazine bunkers used in World War Two exist throughout the Northern Expressway study area.

When World War Two ended, the munitions factories were no longer required and were used for a joint project by the Australian and British governments testing guided weapons. The RAAF Base Edinburgh maintains its use for defence and adjoins the Defence Science and Technology Organisation.

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Munno Para was established in 1853 and Elizabeth in 1955. The City of Playford was formed in 1997 through amalgamation; the city retains the history and culture of over 150 years of European settlement (City of Playford 2006).

Sir Thomas Playford had an industrial vision for the development of Adelaide and South Australia. During his time as Premier from 1938 to 1965, Playford established Elizabeth as a manufacturing centre. In the 1950s a housing development program was introduced at Elizabeth to assist the State's economic development. Elizabeth was a ‘master planned’ city that was launched in 1955. Industrial areas were included as an essential part of the South Australian Housing Trust’s planned development of Elizabeth. The Trust built factories which were leased by private industries. One of the most significant industrial developments in the area was the General Motors Holden factory, built in 1958–1959, which has since had many additions and extensions. This provided employment for many people living in the area (Galbreath and Pearson 1982).

Virginia was deemed to be suitable for vegetable market gardens in the early 1950s and has remained a productive area, with the town of Virginia continuing to grow.

Land in the Northern Expressway study area was generally used for agriculture until the 1960s when horticulture was displaced from the north-east and west of metropolitan Adelaide by urban development.

The current land use pattern has evolved to create a tapestry of horticultural, viticultural, broad acre farming, rural residential and urban development with a diversity of land parcel size across the primarily flat northern Adelaide plains.

2.2 Registered sites Investigations and site visits identified 53 listed heritage places within 1 km of the proposed Northern Expressway route. It was determined that sites within a kilometre were most likely to be affected and were further investigated. These places were identified from local heritage surveys, council development plans and the South Australian Heritage Register. Five places are entered in the South Australian Heritage Register as having state significance.

All the heritage places in Table 2.1 were considered in terms of how they would be affected by the proposed Northern Expressway. Following site inspections it was further determined that sites further than 500 m from the proposed route were generally unaffected by the proposed expressway.

Two sites adjacent to Port Wakefield Road are included as they were included in the Salisbury Heritage Survey (1991) but not included as a State or Local Heritage Place. Table 2.1 therefore lists 55 places that were investigated.

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Table 2.1 Registered sites in the Northern Expressway study area

Details Site location Class LGA* Distance from route

Willaston Cemetery 11 Dawkins Avenue GAWLER S Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 61 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 59 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 57 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 55 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 51 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling and outbuildings 56 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 47 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 50 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 43 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Boundary stone wall 41 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 46 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 39 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 44 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 37 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 33 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 31 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 40 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 27 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 25 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 32 Redbanks Road WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 4 Princess Street WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 48 Main North Road

WILLASTON C Gawler 500 m–1 km

Dwelling 46 Main North Road WILLASTON

C Gawler 500 m–1 km

Dwelling 32 Main North Road WILLASTON

C Gawler 500 m–1 km

Memorial Hall 8/12 Redbanks Road WILLASTON

L Gawler 500 m–1 km

Former brick kilns Paxton Street WILLASTON L Gawler 500 m–1 km Dwelling 5 Thomas Terrace GAWLER C Gawler 500 m–1 km House 1 Thomas Terrace GAWLER C Gawler 500 m–1 km Railway bridge, Angaston line (1910)

South Para River GAWLER L Gawler 500 m–1 km

Railway bridge, Roseworthy line Gawler River REID L Gawler 500 m–1 km Three munitions bunkers, Gawler Dump

Paternoster Road REID L Gawler 0–500 m

Air–raid shelter Lot 20 Paternoster Road REID L Gawler 0–500 m

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Details Site location Class LGA* Distance from route

Two munitions bunkers Lot 50 Paternoster Road REID L Gawler 0–500 m Dwelling 'Para Para' Penrith Avenue GAWLER S Gawler 500 m–1 km Former ‘Para Para’ lodge 29–31 Penrith Avenue GAWLER

WEST L Gawler 500 m–1 km

Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse

Two Wells Road and Main North Road GAWLER

L Light 0–500 m

Conservatory and barn ruins Higgins Road BUCHFELDE L Light 0–500 m Loos Cemetery Two Wells Road BUCHFELDE L Light 0–500 m Dwelling ‘Lymington’ Two Wells Road BUCHFELDE L Light 0–500 m Riverside Homestead complex Roediger Road BUCHFELDE L Light 0–500 m Buchfelde Cemetery Two Wells Road BUCHFELDE L Light 0–500 m Farmhouse 'Birribi' Lot 2 Wingate Road HILLIER L Playford 0–500 m House 110 Hillier Road HILLIER L Playford 0–500 m House Lot 191 Angle Vale Road ANGLE

VALE L Playford 500 m–1 km

House Lot 201 Frisby Road MUNNO PARA DOWNS

L Playford 0–500 m

House Lot 188 Frisby Road MUNNO PARA DOWNS


House 'Tudor Vale' Lot 2 Curtis Road MUNNO PARA WEST


Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area

Andrews Road MACDONALD PARK

S Playford 0–500 m

Dwelling – pisé cottage and brick well

Petherton Road PENFIELD S Playford 0–500 m

Zoar Cemetery Lot 347 Argent Road PENFIELD L Playford 0–500 m House 'Calvin Grove' Lot 76 Taylors Road VIRGINIA L Playford 0–500 m Dwelling 8 Settlers Court PARALOWIE S Salisbury 0–500 m Wittbur’s Monument Port Wakefield Road

PARAFIELD GARDENS NL Salisbury 0–500 m

‘Deal Court’ stables Port Wakefield Road BOLIVAR NL Salisbury 0–500 m S – State, L – Local, C – Contributory, NL – Not listed * LGA – local government area.

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3 Effects of project upon existing non-Aboriginal heritage

3.1 Overview Each of the heritage places identified in Table 2.1 was investigated to determine the likely effect of the Northern Expressway on the place. Some 20 places are considered to be affected by the proposal in some way. These properties have a separate data sheet provided within Appendix A of this paper. The effect is expected to be greater than minor, that is, medium or high, for seven of the heritage places as shown in Table 3.1.

Each of the heritage places affected is identified in Table 3.1 which shows the distance of the heritage place from the proposed Northern Expressway and the level of effect expected. A reference number (Place ID) is included which relates to Figure 3.1 and the place sheets in Appendix A. Figure 3.1 is a map that shows the location of affected heritage places in the study area.

A discussion of the effects of the Northern Expressway on those sites where the level of effect is greater than minor is included in Section 3.2.

3.2 Heritage places affected

3.2.1 Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse, Two Wells Road and Main North Road GAWLER The proposed Northern Expressway will cut through the Gawler Harness Racing Track and part of the Gawler glider field runways, severing the bunker from direct association with the glider field, and absorbing the harness racing track and part of the glider field runways through acquisition. The Gawler Harness Racing Track will need to be acquired and demolished. The Gawler glider field will be severed separating the glider sheds and the glider field, and the north–south runway will be reduced in length. The magazine bunker will not be directly affected by the route, as the route is well removed from the heritage place (approximately 350 m). Some advantages may be gained by bringing the bunker into state ownership as part of the land acquisition process, and providing some additional security and heritage interpretation. Access to the bunker is expected to remain unchanged.

3.2.2 Farmhouse 'Birribi', Lot 2 Wingate Road HILLIER The heritage place is located approximately 50 m to the east of the proposed Northern Expressway route. The Northern Expressway crosses the Gawler River at this point. It is considered that while there is no direct effect on the heritage place there will be a medium effect on the setting of the place.

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Table 3.1 Summary of heritage sites affected by the Northern Expressway

Place ID Details Site location Distance

Level of effect

1 Various dwellings and other items WILLASTON 0–1000 m Negligible

2 Three munitions bunkers, Gawler Dump Paternoster Road REID 100–200 m Negligible

3 Air-raid shelter Lot 20 Paternoster Road REID 100–200 m Negligible 4 Two munitions bunkers Lot 50 Paternoster Road REID 100–200 m Negligible 5 Dwelling 'Para Para' Penrith Avenue GAWLER 500 m None

6 Former ‘Para Para’ lodge 29-31 Penrith Avenue GAWLER WEST 800 m Minor

7 Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse (places names referred to on State Register)


Intersects Minor, medium and high

8 Loos Cemetery Two Wells Road BUCHFELDE 500 m Minor 9 Buchfelde Cemetery Two Wells Road BUCHFELDE 500 m Minor 10 Farmhouse 'Birribi' Lot 2 Wingate Road HILLIER 50 m Medium 11 House 110 Hillier Road HILLIER 150 m Minor

12 House Lot 201 Frisby Road MUNNO PARA DOWNS 300 m Minor

13 House Lot 188 Frisby Road MUNNO PARA DOWNS 450 m Minor

14 House 'Tudor Vale' Lot 2 Curtis Road MUNNO PARA WEST 60 m

Medium - high

15 Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area

Andrews Road MACDONALD PARK 0–100 m

Medium - high

16 Dwelling - pisé cottage and brick well Petherton Road PENFIELD 50 m

Minor - medium

17 Zoar Cemetery Lot 347 Argent Road PENFIELD 50 m Minor - medium

18 House 'Calvin Grove' Lot 76 Taylors Road VIRGINIA 50 m Medium 19 Dwelling 8 Settlers Court PARALOWIE 200 m Negligible 20 ‘Deal Court’ stables Port Wakefield Road BOLIVAR 50 m Minor

21 Wittbur’s Monument Port Wakefield Road PARAFIELD GARDENS 50 m Minor

None: no effect on the structure, property or setting Negligible: no effect on structure, minor effect on property and/or setting Minor: no effect on structure, medium effect on property and/or setting Medium: minor effect on structure and/or high effect on property and/or setting High: significant effect on structure and/or very high effect on property and/or setting Very high: results in demolition

!(

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ParafieldAirport

o

RAAF BaseEd inburgh

McIn tyre Road

Elizabeth

Modbury

St Kilda

Gawler

Main North

Road

Angle Vale Road

Port Wakefield Road

Tw o Wells Road

Heasl

ip Road

Salisbu

ry Highw

ay

Br idge

Road

Kings Road

Waterloo Corner Road

Womma Road

Penfield Road

Curtis Road

7

15

18

17 16

14

10

896

4 53

2

111

2120

1312

11

19

Angle Vale

Virg inia

Affected heritage places

±0 2km

Figure 3.1 !( State heritage!( Local heritage

!( Locally l is ted contrbutory items!( Places of her itage interet (not l isted)

1515

Bunker, Gawler Airport and RacecourseFarmhouse 'Birrib i'House 'Tudor Vale 'Buildings No 29 and 33,Smithfie ld Magazine areaDwelling - pise cottage and brick we llZoar CemetaryHouse 'Calvin Grove'

7

101415

16

1718

Heritage sites:medium - high effects

9 No/ negligible/ minor impact Medium - high impact9

13

14

3.2.3 House 'Tudor Vale', Lot 2 Curtis Road MUNNO PARA WEST The property on which the heritage place is located is expected be acquired as part of the Northern Expressway project. The heritage place is located approximately 60 m from the route. A 6.5 m high overpass is proposed 200 m to the south-west of the place. The heritage place presently is set within a vineyard. The acquisition may cause disturbance to the vineyard due to operational requirements. The Northern Expressway is considered to have a medium to high effect on the heritage place.

3.2.4 Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area, Andrews Road MACDONALD PARK The proposed Northern Expressway route severs this land title. Magazine bunkers are distributed throughout this allotment and in the nearby area. Two bunkers of particular significance in terms of their representative built form have been identified on the site and placed on the South Australian Heritage Register. The Northern Expressway is expected to be approximately 50 m from one of the bunkers and 100 m from the other. The proposed route whilst avoiding direct contact with both magazine bunkers is planned to pass between them. This will sever the connection between the bunkers. Presently the bunkers are protected behind security fencing so no community access is available without land owner approval. If the bunkers are incorporated into the land acquisition arrangement, the opportunity exists for heritage interpretation and increased security arrangements depending on the operational requirements of the expressway. The Northern Expressway is considered to have a medium to high effect.

3.2.5 Dwelling – pisé cottage and brick well, Petherton Road PENFIELD The proposed Northern Expressway route will pass within approximately 50 m of this heritage place. It is expected that the Northern Expressway will have a negligible effect on the building but a medium effect on the setting, given the separation distance and the extent of boundary tree planting. There is the potential for construction effects. Noise and amenity effects associated with the road may also occur; however it is not recorded that the dwelling is occupied and it appears to have been vacant for many years.

3.2.6 Zoar Cemetery, Lot 347 Argent Road PENFIELD The Northern Expressway route passes within approximately 50 m of the cemetery and is located on the other side of Smith Creek and to the west of the cemetery. There are no direct effects; however there is expected to be some loss of ‘quiet amenity’.

3.2.7 House 'Calvin Grove', Lot 76 Taylors Road VIRGINIA At least one-third of the property on which the heritage place is located will be acquired as part of the Northern Expressway project. The route will be within approximately 150 m to the north and west of the heritage place. In addition there is a mounded overpass where the Northern Expressway passes over the Adelaide–Gawler railway line. The overpass height returns to ground level approximately 100 m from the heritage place, therefore the setting of the heritage place will be significantly modified. The Northern Expressway is considered to have a medium effect on the heritage place.

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4 Environmental management

This section of the report outlines management principles and measures that should be incorporated to minimise the effect of the proposed Northern Expressway on heritage places identified in the study area.

4.1 Principles adopted to minimise effects By adopting some simple principles, the effect of the Northern Expressway on heritage places can be effectively minimised. Principles for the management of heritage places include:

(1) Early identification of places of heritage significance to ensure these places are considered in the concept design development of the proposed expressway and that they can be effectively managed throughout the construction and operation of the Northern Expressway. (completed)

(2) Development of site specific management plans to protect heritage places where effects are anticipated. These management plans will provide detailed advice on how best to minimise the effect of the Northern Expressway on the heritage place.

4.2 Measures to minimise effects during planning and design (1) Early identification of heritage places by identifying the exact location of heritage places and

communicating these to the designers so that any direct effects of the route on heritage places can be avoided or minimised as part of the design process. (completed)

4.3 Measures to minimise effects during construction (1) Prior to the commencement of construction, an assessment of building condition of the heritage

places should be undertaken. This will enable any damage occurring as a result of construction to be accurately determined at a later stage.

(2) Prior to construction, DTEI and/or the relevant lead contractor should prepare a construction management plan that is approved and which takes into account effective management arrangements, including fencing, to avoid adverse effects on heritage places resulting from heavy vehicle vibrations, accidental damage, vandalism, etc.

(3) Where works such as noise attenuation measures are required for heritage places, care should be taken to ensure that these do not detract from the heritage value of the place. This may require advice from a heritage expert.

(4) Once construction is complete, a reassessment of the building condition of heritage places should be undertaken to determine if, and to what extent, damage has occurred to that place as a result of construction. If damage has occurred this should be repaired as part of the Northern Expressway project.

16

4.4 Measures to minimise effects post-construction (1) Where the setting of the heritage place has been significantly altered, landscaping is

recommended to minimise the visual disturbance to the setting and to enhance the amenity. (2) Implementation of measures to support the continuing habitation of dwellings (e.g. noise

attenuation) and the ongoing maintenance of other heritage places.

4.5 Specific measures for heritage places Specific mitigation measures for heritage places significantly effected by the proposal are outlined in Table 4.1. A discussion of the particular emphasis for management at each of these sites is also provided.

Table 4.1 Summary of recommended mitigation measures for significantly affected heritage places

Details Site location Level of effect

Recommended mitigation measures

Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse (as per listing in the State Register)


Medium 4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2) and 4.3.(4)

Farmhouse 'Birribi' Lot 2 Wingate Road HILLIER Minor–medium

4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2), 4.3(3), 4.3(4) and 4.4(1)

House 'Tudor Vale' Lot 2 Curtis Road MUNNO PARA WEST

Medium–high

4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2), 4.3(3), 4.3(4), 4.4(1) and 4.4(2)

Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area

Andrews Road MACDONALD PARK

Medium 4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2) and 4.3(4)

Dwelling - pisé cottage and brick well

Petherton Road PENFIELD Minor–medium

4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2), 4.3(4) and 4.4(1)

Zoar Cemetery Lot 347 Argent Road PENFIELD Minor–medium

4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2), 4.3(4) and 4.4(1)

House 'Calvin Grove'

Lot 76 Taylors Road VIRGINIA Medium 4.1(2), 4.3(1), 4.3(2), 4.3(3), 4.3(4, 4.4(1) and 4.4(2)

Minor: no effect on structure, medium effect on property and/or setting. Medium: minor effect on structure and/or high effect on property and/or setting. High: significant effect on structure and/or very high effect on property and/or setting.

4.5.1 Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse (as per listing in Register) When considering the management of the heritage place, consideration should be given to providing interpretation of the significance of the place to the World War Two effort. This should incorporate the significance of the airstrip as a support for the Edinburgh airfield and include reference to the magazine bunker on the site. This interpretation should be undertaken in association with interpretation at the Smithfield Magazine Area. Security fencing around the magazine bunker should also be provided.

17

4.5.2 Farmhouse 'Birribi' The key considerations when preparing a management plan for Birribi will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the establishment of an appropriate setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape, and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that extensive landscaping is proposed between the heritage place and the Northern Expressway bridge over the Gawler River. The continuing use of the heritage place as a dwelling is not expected to be affected by the Northern Expressway project.

4.5.3 House 'Tudor Vale' The key considerations when preparing a management plan for Tudor Vale will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the establishment of an appropriate setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that landscaping is proposed between the heritage place and the Northern Expressway. Further landscaping is also proposed in association with the overpass. The project will retain existing established eucalypts which significantly enhance the setting of the place. It is important that the new access road to the dwelling is provided to enable continuing use as a dwelling. Ensuring continuing occupation will enable the heritage place to be maintained.

4.5.4 Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area Buildings No. 29 and 33 have been identified as having particular significance and are listed on the South Australian Heritage Register. The Northern Expressway will occupy the space between these buildings which will result in their severance from each other. It is therefore considered that the management of these heritage sites should provide for some thematic and interpretive linkage between them. It is also recommended that both magazines be visible from the route and interpretive signage be provided along with security fences. The interpretation should incorporate associated World War Two facilities at Gawler and Dry Creek.

4.5.5 Dwelling – pisé cottage and brick well The heritage place was found to be in a generally poor condition at the time of the site visit. It is important that the condition of the building is assessed prior to construction as it may be at greater risk from effects such as vibrations than other heritage places identified. This assessment should include detailed recommendations for its protection during construction. The restoration of the setting of the heritage place should also be incorporated into the management plan. Reference should be made to landscaping proposed within the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper.

4.5.6 Zoar Cemetery The focus for management of the Zoar Cemetery is protecting the structures within it (headstones and monuments) during construction. It is important that the condition of the structures is assessed prior to construction and that detailed recommendations are provided for protection during construction.

18

4.5.7 House 'Calvin Grove' The key considerations when preparing a management plan for Calvin Grove will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the re-establishment of the setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that landscaping is proposed on the embankment of the rise to the railway crossing. The continuing use of the heritage place as a dwelling is not expected to be affected by the Northern Expressway project.

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5 Conclusion

While the proposed Northern Expressway is expected to affect heritage places, it is considered that these effects are able to be managed. Some enhancement of heritage places may be incorporated into the project through the use of heritage interpretation where the route passes by heritage places such as the Smithfield Magazine Area bunkers.

The assessment in this report assumes the adoption of recommendations contained within the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper.

Construction management plans should be prepared prior to the commencement of construction for the seven places assessed to be moderately to highly affected. These plans should include assessment, protection and, where damage has occurred, remediation of heritage places. Once construction management plans have been prepared it is important they are implemented.

20

21

6 References

City of Playford. 2006. History of Playford, viewed 27 October 2006. <http://cweb.salisbury.sa.gov.au/manifest/servlet/page?pg=8418&stypen=html>.

City of Salisbury. 2006. Our History, viewed 27 October 2006. <http://cweb.salisbury.sa.gov.au/manifest/servlet/page?pg=8418&stypen=html>.

Donovan and Associates: History and Historic Preservation Consultants. 1991. Salisbury Heritage Survey: Department of Environment and Planning: 1991. Blackwood, South Australia

Galbreath M and Pearson G. 1982. Elizabeth: the garden city. The Corporation of the City of Elizabeth, Hawthorndene, South Australia.

McDougall and Vines: Conservation and Heritage Consultants. 2004. A Heritage Survey of the Light Regional Council. Norwood, South Australia.

Town of Gawler. 2006. A concise history of the Town of Gawler by Wendy Treloar, viewed 27 October 2006 < http://www.gawler.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=418>.

Transport SA. 1999. Cultural Heritage Guidelines: A handbook for staff and contractors, prepared with assistance from Allan Lance, Heritage Consulting Australia.

Wood V. 2005. A preliminary Indigenous cultural heritage assessment of the proposed Northern Expressway, Northern Adelaide Plains, South Australia (revised final report). Department for Transport, Energy and Infrastructure, Adelaide.

22

Attachment A

Property details: Northern Expressway Heritage Survey

A-1

Local heritage criteria codes The Development Act 1993 Section 23(4) identifies the following characteristics for local heritage criteria codes:

it displays historical, economic or social themes that are of importance to the local area; or it represents customs or ways of life that are characteristic of the local area; or it has played an important part in the lives of local residents; or it displays aesthetic merit, design characteristics or construction techniques of significance

to the local area; or it is associated with a notable local personality or event; or it is a notable landmark in the area; or in the case of a tree ( . . . ) it is of special historical or social significance or importance

within the local area. These codes have been applied to the Northern Expressway Heritage Survey as indicated in the following pages.

A-2

Property Details: Northern Expressway Heritage Survey

Name of Place: Various Places in Willaston and Gawler

Certificate of Title:

SA Heritage Branch ID

Heritage status: Contributory, Local and State

Heritage criteria: various

Place ID: 1

Address: WILLASTON (including the following streets: Redbanks Road, Main North Road and Paxton Street, and in addition, Thomas Terrace and Dawkins Avenue, GAWLER)

Local government area: Town of Gawler

Assessment

Statement of heritage value

A range of heritage places associated with the early Town of Gawler.

Extent of listing

Not applicable

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway is not considered to affect properties in Willaston or the Town of Gawler.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source

Danvers Architects. June 1998. Gawler Heritage Survey 1998.

Corporation of the Town of Gawler. 2005. Gawler (CT) Development Plan Consolidated 24 November 2005. Planning SA, Adelaide.

A-3


Name of Place: Three munitions bunkers, Gawler Dump

Certificate of Title: 5274/569

SA Heritage Branch ID:

Heritage status: Local

Heritage criteria: a, e

Place ID: 2

Address: Paternoster Road, GAWLER WEST


Assessment


These are important surviving structures associated with the significant military activities in the Gawler area during World War Two.

Extent of listing

The historic form and fabric of the munitions bunkers including sliding doors.

Effects

The heritage places are approximately 100 - 200 m from the Northern Expressway works and are already separated by the Gawler Bypass and Paternoster Road. The effects are minor.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

Other comments

There is the opportunity to interpret the history of the heritage place. There may also be the opportunity to link with other World War Two structures along the route to establish a ‘World War Two Military Heritage’ theme.

References/source



A-4


Name of Place: World War Two air-raid shelter




Heritage criteria: a, c, d, e

Place ID: 3

Address: Lot 20 Paternoster Road, GAWLER WEST


Assessment


This exceptionally large underground shelter is an outstanding example of World War Two military construction and has significant associations with World War Two and the military activity in the Gawler area at the time.

Extent of listing

The historic form and fabric of the air-raid shelter including the concrete underground building and stairways and above-ground iron sheds and concrete and iron hatches.

Effects

The heritage place faces south (opposite direction to the proposed Northern Expressway route), is approximately 100 - 200 m south of the Northern Expressway works and is already separated by the Gawler Bypass and Paternoster Road. The effects are minor.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

Other comments

This heritage place was recommended for State Heritage listing in the Gawler Heritage Survey (Danvers 1998) but has not received State Heritage listing. There is the opportunity to interpret the history of the heritage place. There may also be the opportunity to link with other World War Two structures along the route to establish a ‘World War Two Military Heritage’ theme.

References/source



A-5


Name of Place: Two munitions bunkers





Place ID: 4

Address: Paternoster Road, GAWLER WEST


Assessment


These are important surviving structures associated with the significant military activities in the Gawler area during World War Two.

Extent of listing

The historic form and fabric of the munitions bunkers including sliding doors but not including any modern doors.

Effects

The heritage places are approximately 100 - 200 m from the Northern Expressway works and are already separated by the Gawler Bypass and Paternoster Road. The effects are minor.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

Other comments

There is the opportunity to interpret the history of the heritage place. There may also be the opportunity to link with other World War Two structures along the route to establish a ‘World War Two Military Heritage’ theme.

References/source



A-6


Name of Place: ‘Para Para’ Homestead


SA Heritage Branch ID: 10057


Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 5

Address: Penrith Avenue, GAWLER WEST


Assessment


A two-storey stone house with stuccoed (SIC) dressings, designed by D. Garlick and built circa 1851–62 for Walter Duffield, (later Member of the Legislative Council). An outstanding example of a Victorian country mansion set in spacious grounds.

Extent of listing

Not given.

Effects

The heritage place sits low in the flood plain and will not have a direct visual line of site to the proposed Northern Expressway, which is slightly more than 500 m to the west. There are no discernible effects.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source



Photo courtesy of Australian Heritage Photographic Library

http://www.deh.gov.au/cgi-

bin/heritage/photodb/imagesearch.pl?proc=detail;barcode_no=rt39046

A-7


Name of Place: Former ‘Para Para’ lodge





Place ID: 6

Address: Section 2, Penrith Avenue, GAWLER WEST


Assessment


This lodge is significant as an architecturally designed building associated with Walter Duffield and his significant estate, Para Para, although modified with metal tile roof and enclosed verandah.

Extent of listing

The historic form and fabric of the former Para Para lodge including the stone wall and entrance but not including iron outbuildings, the metal roof tiling or wall rendering.

Effects

Situated 800 m from the proposed Northern Expressway, the heritage place has clear sight line to the interchange of the Gawler Bypass and the proposed Northern Expressway. There are no direct effects.

Mitigation measures

Landscaping could be provided around the interchange to improve the view.

References/source



A-8


Name of Place: Bunker, Gawler Airport and Racecourse

(Place names as referred to on State Register)

Certificate of Title: 5115/511 and 5684/320

SA Heritage Branch ID: W10


Heritage criteria: a, d

Place ID: 7

Address: Two Wells Road, GAWLER

Local government area: Light Regional Council

Assessment


The bunker at Gawler glider field is an indication of the type of defence structures that were constructed in South Australia during World War Two. The Gawler glider field and Gawler Harness Racing Track are important to the social history of the area.

Extent of listing

The external and internal form, materials and details of the circa 1940 concrete bunker.

No definition provided for the Gawler glider field and Gawler Harness Racing Track.

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway will absorb the Gawler Harness Racing Track and part of the Gawler glider field runways through acquisition and will sever the bunker from direct association with the glider field. The magazine bunker will not be physically displaced by the route and the route is well removed from the heritage place (approximately 350 m). Some advantages may be gained through bringing the bunker into state ownership as part of the land acquisition process and providing some additional security and place interpretation.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. When considering the management of the heritage place, consideration should be given to providing interpretation of the significance of this place to the World War Two effort. This should incorporate the significance of the airstrip as a support facility to Edinburgh airport and should include reference to the magazine bunker on the site. It would be beneficial if this interpretation was undertaken in association with interpretation at the Smithfield Magazine Area. Security fencing should also be provided.

References/source


Light Regional Council. 2006. Light (Regional) Development Plan Consolidated 31 August 2006. Planning SA, Adelaide.

A-9


Name of Place: Loos Cemetery




Heritage criteria: a, b, d

Place ID: 8

Address: Two Wells Road, near BUCHFELDE


Assessment


The Loos Cemetery is the only remaining relic of the Independent Lutheran community of St Paul's Church, and is indicative of the close-knit groups of initial settlers in this area, in both physical and social terms.

Extent of listing

Cemetery reserve, grave sites and headstones.

Effects

The heritage place is approximately 500 m to the south of the proposed Northern Expressway. Some additional noise may be audible, but given the existing traffic on Two Wells Road, this is expected to be minor. The effect of the route on the cemetery is considered minor with no direct effects.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source



A-10


Name of Place: Buchfelde Cemetery




Heritage criteria: a, b, d

Place ID: 9

Address: Two Wells Road, near BUCHFELDE


Assessment


The Buchfelde Cemetery is evidence of the significant group of German settlers in the immediate area during the 1850s, and is indicative of the development of close-knit groups of initial settlers in this area, in both physical and social terms.

Extent of listing

Cemetery reserve, grave sites and headstones.

Effects

The heritage place is approximately 500 m to the south of the proposed Northern Expressway. Some additional noise may be audible, but given the existing traffic on Two Wells Road, this is expected to be minor. The effect of the route on the cemetery is considered minor with no direct effects.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source

McDougall and Vines: Conservation and Heritage Consultants. 2004. A Heritage Survey of the Light Regional Council. Norwood South Australia.


A-11


Name of Place: Farmhouse 'Birribi’




Heritage criteria: a, b, e

Place ID: 10

Address: Lot 2, Wingate Road, HILLIER

Local government area: Playford City Council

Assessment


An early farmhouse on the Gawler River associated with both the Higgins and Krudop families, early settlers in the area.

Extent of listing

The external form, materials and details of the original circa 1880s farmhouse including hipped roof and verandah.

Effects

The heritage place is located approximately 50 m to the east of the Northern Expressway. The Northern Expressway crosses the Gawler River at this point. It is considered that, while there is no direct effect on the heritage place, the Northern Expressway will have a moderate effect on the setting of the place.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. The key considerations when preparing the management plan for Birribi will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the re-establishment of the setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that extensive landscaping is proposed between the heritage place and the Northern Expressway bridge over the Gawler River. The continuing use of the heritage place as a dwelling should not be affected by the Northern Expressway project.

References/source

McDougall and Vines: Conservation and Heritage Consultants. 2001. A Heritage Survey of the City of Playford December 2001. Norwood, South Australia.

Playford City Council. 2006. Playford (City) Development Plan Consolidated 6 July 2006. Planning SA, Adelaide.

A-12


Name of Place: House





Place ID: 11

Address: 110 Hillier Road, HILLIER


Assessment


An early farmhouse on the Gawler River, associated with members of the Higgins family, early settlers and land holders in the area.

Extent of listing

External form, materials and details of the original 1865 cottage.

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway route is approximately 150 m from this property at its nearest point. The road may have some effect on the property in terms of noise and amenity but the effect on the heritage value is considered minor with no direct effects.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source



A-13







Place ID: 12

Address: Lot 201 Frisby Road, MUNNO PARA DOWNS


Assessment


A typical farmhouse of the area, built and owned by several members of the Fatchen family.

Extent of listing

The external form, materials and details of the original early 1900s house including the small gable to the front elevation and bullnose verandah. The metal clad carport which sits to the front and side of the house does not form part of this listing.

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway route intersects the rear of this allotment. The proposed route is set back from the house over twice as far as the existing Frisby Road setback on the opposite boundary. The set back distance is in the order of 300 m. Note the house is no longer habitable. The effects are considered minor.

Mitigation measures

Not required

Other comments

From the site visit it appears that the statement of heritage value and the extent of listing for this site should be that given for place 13. However we have remained consistent with that provided in the heritage survey and Playford (City) Development Plan.

References/source



A-14






Heritage criteria: a, b, d, e

Place ID: 13

Address: Lot 188 Frisby Road, MUNNO PARA DOWNS


Assessment


This early pisé farm building is associated with John Parr, one of the first settlers in the area. It is a now rare example of this early form of pioneer building construction. The property was later to become the first in the area to be owned by members of the Fatchen family.

Extent of listing

The external form, materials and details of the original circa 1850s house including the verandah.

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway route intersects the rear of this allotment. The route is over 450 m to the east of the heritage place. The dwelling appears to be occupied but is not readily visible due to high (2 m) fences. The effect of the route on the heritage values is considered very minimal/negligible.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

Other comments

Noise may be an issue. From the site visit it appears that the statement of heritage value and the extent of listing for this site should be that given for place 12. However we have remained consistent with that provided in the heritage survey and Playford (City) Development Plan.

References/source



A-15


Name of Place: House 'Tudor Vale’

Certificate of Title: 5358/210 (4349/172 listed)



Heritage criteria: a, b

Place ID: 14

Address: Curtis Road, MUNNO PARA WEST


Assessment


The property was originally owned by Oliver Ragless, an early settler in the district, and represents the agricultural development of the area in the mid to late nineteenth century.

Extent of listing:

The external form, materials and details of the original circa 1860s-70s farmhouse building including concave return verandah. Later rear extensions are not included.

Effects

The property on which the heritage place is located is expected to be acquired as part of the Northern Expressway project. The heritage place is located approximately 60 m from the route. A 6.5 m high overpass is proposed 200 m to the south-west of the place. The heritage place presently is set within a vineyard. The acquisition may cause disturbance on the vineyard due to operational requirements. The Northern Expressway is considered to have a moderate to high effect on the heritage place.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. The key considerations when preparing the management plan for Tudor Vale will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the re-establishment of the setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that landscaping is proposed between the heritage place and the Northern Expressway. Further landscaping is also proposed in association with the overpass. The project will maintain existing established eucalypts which significantly enhance the setting of the place. It is important that the new access road to the dwelling is provided to enable continuing use as a dwelling. Ensuring continuing occupation will enable the heritage place to be maintained.

References/source



A-16


Name of Place: Buildings No. 29 and 33, Smithfield Magazine Area



Heritage status: State

Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 15

Address: Andrews Road, MACDONALD PARK


Assessment


Although located some distance away, the Smithfield Magazine Area is an integral part of the former munitions factory built at Salisbury during World War Two for the production of ammunition. The factory was an enormous complex of some 1500 buildings built very rapidly with considerable effort and expense, between 1940 and 1942. All manner of ammunition was manufactured there. The site was tremendously important to the war effort and, apart from supplying personnel to fight in the war, it was South Australia's major contribution to the war effort. It had a profound social effect on neighbouring towns and the development of the district as a whole. The later uses of the site by the Long Range Weapons Organisation (later the Weapons Research Establishment and now the Defence, Science and Technology Organisation) and Edinburgh airfield are also of high significance. The Magazine Area must be considered as a part of the former munitions factory site and shares its history and hence significance.

Extent of listing

The Playford Development Plan lists Buildings No. 29 and 33.

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway route severs this property. Magazine bunkers are distributed throughout this allotment and in the nearby area. Two bunkers of particular significance in terms of their representative built form have been identified on the site and listed on the South Australian Heritage Register. The Northern Expressway is expected to be in the order of 50 m from one of the bunkers and 100 m from the other. The proposed route whilst avoiding direct contact with both magazine bunkers is planned to pass between them. This will result in severing the connection between the bunkers. Presently the bunkers are protected behind security fencing so little community access is available. If the bunkers are incorporated into the land acquisition arrangement, the opportunity exists for heritage interpretation and security arrangements.

A-17

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. Buildings No. 29 and 33 have been identified as having particular significance. The Northern Expressway will occupy the space between these buildings. The management of these heritage sites should consider providing for some thematic and interpretive linkage between them. It is recommended that both magazines be visible from the route and interpretive signage be provided along with security fences. There are additional benefits to be gained through interpreting the association of the magazine and other World War Two military facilities at Gawler and Dry Creek.

Other comments

The items relate to other World War Two military facilities along the route at Gawler and Dry Creek and together could be presented as a ‘heritage theme’.

References/source



A-18


Name of Place: Dwelling - pisé cottage and brick well


SA Heritage Branch ID: 10571


Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 16

Address: Petherton Road, PENFIELD


Assessment


This cottage and associated structures are significant for their association with the early settlement of the plains area north of Adelaide. Architecturally the cottage is significant as an intact example of pisé construction, with later construction methods of stone and concrete also represented (Munno Para Heritage Survey 1996).

Extent of listing

Not given

Effects

The proposed Northern Expressway route will pass within approximately 50 m of this heritage site. It is not expected that the Northern Expressway will have a significant effect on the building or its setting given the separation distance and the extent of boundary tree planting. There may be noise and amenity effects associated with the road; however it is not recorded that the dwelling is occupied and it appears to have been vacant for many years.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. The heritage place appeared to be in a generally poor condition at the time of the site visit. It is considered important that the condition of the building is assessed prior to construction as it may be at greater risk from effects such as vibrations than other buildings identified. This assessment should include detailed recommendations for its protection during construction. The restoration of the setting of the heritage place should also be incorporated into the management plan. Reference should be made to landscaping proposed within the Landscape, Visual Amenity and Urban Design Technical Paper.

References/source



A-19


Name of Place: Zoar Cemetery




Heritage criteria: a, c

Place ID: 17

Address: Lot 347 Argent Road, PENFIELD


Assessment


Associated with the now demolished Zoar Bible Christian Chapel, which was constructed in 1854 and which was an early church in the district, the cemetery contains the graves of several pioneer settlers.

Extent of listing

Cemetery reserve including all headstones and cast iron railings.

Effects

The Northern Expressway route passes within approximately 50 m of the cemetery on the other side of Smith Creek and to the west of the cemetery. There are no direct effects; however there is expected to be some loss of ‘quiet amenity’.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. The focus for management of the Zoar Cemetery is protecting the structures within it (headstones and monuments) during construction.

Other comments

Additional landscaping will improve the amenity of the cemetery.

References/source



A-20


Name of Place: House ' Calvin Grove’

Certificate of Title: 5406/148 (4348/743 in DP)




Place ID: 18

Address: Lot 76 Taylors Road, VIRGINIA


Assessment


An early farmhouse, circa 1870, built by and owned for many years by members of the Taylor family. It is representative of the development of agriculture in the district.

Extent of listing

The external form, materials and details of the original 1860s-70s farmhouse, including raked return verandah on simple timber posts.

Effects

At least one-third of the property on which the heritage place is located is expected to be acquired as part of the Northern Expressway project. The route will then be within approximately 150 m to the north and west of the heritage place. Additionally there is a mounded overpass where the Northern Expressway passes over the Adelaide–Gawler railway line. The height returns to ground level approximately 100 m from the heritage place, therefore the setting of the heritage place will be significantly modified. The Northern Expressway is considered to have a moderate effect on the heritage place.

Mitigation measures

A site specific management plan should be undertaken to protect the heritage place. The key considerations when preparing the management plan for Calvin Grove will be the continuation of its function as a dwelling and the re-establishment of the setting. Landscaping concepts included in the Urban Design, Landscape and Visual Assessment Technical Paper show that landscaping is proposed on the embankment of the rise to the railway crossing. The continuing use of the heritage place as a dwelling should not be affected by the Northern Expressway project.

References/source



A-21


Name of Place: Judd’s Homestead




Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 19

Address: 8 Settlers Court, PARALOWIE

Local government area: City of Salisbury

Assessment


The farmhouse is primarily of historical significance because of its association with the Burdett family who developed a renowned cattle stud on the property and were also influential in local affairs. It is an important example of the larger pastoral properties that characterised the region prior to the urban development after World War Two. (Donovan and Associates 1991)

Extent of listing

Not given.

Effects

The heritage place will not be directly affected by the Northern Expressway project. It is located approximately 200 m from the Port Wakefield Road upgrade. Some increase in traffic on Bolivar Road resulting from reduced access points may have a minor effect on the amenity of the setting. The effect of the project on the heritage values of the place is negligible.

Mitigation measures

Not required

References/source

Donovan and Associates: History and Historic Preservation Consultants. 1991. Salisbury Heritage Survey: Department of Environment and Planning: 1991. Blackwood, South Australia.

South Australian Heritage Register.

A-22


Name of Place: ‘Deal Court’ stables



Heritage status: Not Listed/Local Survey Item

Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 20

Address: Port Wakefield Road, BOLIVAR


Assessment


There is little that is distinctive about the design of this item, although its construction is of some interest because of the use of pug. Its primary significance is historical because of its association with ‘Deal Court’, a major pastoral property taken up by John Winzor in 1845. The associated two-storey homestead was built soon afterwards. It is all that remains of the pastoral property.

Extent of listing

Not listed.

Effects

The heritage place is located approximately 50 m from Port Wakefield Road. It is not expected that the Northern Expressway project will have a significant effect on the heritage place.

Mitigation measures

Not required.

References/source


A-23


Name of Place: Wittber’s Hop Monument


SA Heritage Branch ID

Heritage status: Indicative

Heritage criteria:

Place ID: 21

Address: Victoria Drive, PARAFIELD GARDENS


Assessment


The place is significant for its association with an important event in the course of Australia's aviation history, namely the early powered flights from an adjacent paddock, described by Lewis (1980) (p. 201). Wittber's Hop refers to a hop, which occurred during taxi tests by an engineer, Mr C W Wittber. A gust of wind caused the aircraft to be unexpectedly airborne. Four days later on 17 March 1910, the aircraft, an imported Bleriot monoplane flown by Mr F C Jones, made three circuits of the paddock. A monument commemorating these events was erected by the Salisbury Council in 1967. This is the only physical reminder in the locality of the record-breaking flight.

While the paddock itself has been vacant for many years and is now undergoing urban development, the monument is intact and accessible to the public. It provides a visible connection to past events which took place in the immediate locality.

Extent of listing

Not listed.

Effects

The heritage place is located some 50 m off Port Wakefield Road along Victoria Drive. It is unlikely to be effected by the Northern Expressway project but care is required to ensure no damage during construction. The direction sign on Port Wakefield Road will be removed and access off Port Wakefield Road restricted.

Mitigation measures

Signage on Port Wakefield road to identify the location of the monument. Care should also be taken during construction to avoid any damage to the heritage items. A site management plan is required for construction and relocation/replacement of direction signs.

References/source


Australian Heritage Directory. 2006 Australian Heritage Places Inventory, viewed 27 October 2006 <http://www.heritage.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahpi/record.pl?RNE100235>

Documents

northern expressway environmental report non-aboriginal