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North Carolina Emergency Management
Presentation by:Terry Foxx, CFM
NFIP Planner
Floodplain Management: From a Ground Level Perspective
2015 NCEMA Spring ConferenceCherokee, NC
March 24, 2015
North Carolina Emergency Management
Overview To provide participants with a better understanding
of floodplain management
To provide participants with the knowledge of tools available to them for floodplain management as well as disaster planning
To provide participants with a better perspective of the integration of Emergency Management and Floodplain Management
North Carolina Emergency Management
The Who, What, How & Why of Floodplain Administration
Important DefinitionsWho is your floodplain
administratorWhat is your permitting
processHow are your inspections
getting doneWhy do we not issue
variances
North Carolina Emergency Management
Important Definitions “Development” means any man-made
change to improved or unimproved real estate, including, but not limited to,
– buildings or other structures, mining, – dredging, filling, grading, paving, – excavation or drilling operations, or – storage of equipment or materials.
Floodplain Administrator – is the individual appointed to administer and enforce the floodplain management regulations
North Carolina Emergency Management
Zone AE- BFE’s determined – An AE Flood Zone is a 1% Annual Chance of flooding in any given year often referred to as a “100 year flood zone”.
Zone AO - Flood depths of 1 to 3 feet (usually sheet flow on sloping terrain; average depths determined
Zone V - Coastal flood velocity hazard (wave action); no BFE’s determined.
Zone VE, V1-30 - Coastal flood velocity hazard (wave action); BFE’s determined.
Zone X – A Zone X flood zone is a 0.2% annual chance or “500-year flood area” and is not regulated
Special Flood Hazard Areas
North Carolina Emergency Management
Who is Responsible for Administering Your Program and Insuring Compliance?
The Floodplain Administrator
North Carolina Emergency Management
Are You in Compliance?• IS your permitting process adequate to
meet the requirements of your Ordinance?• DOES your process include failsafe
checklists?• HAVE your reviewed your process lately?• DO you provide Floodplain Administration
for another jurisdiction? What If?
North Carolina Emergency Management
What Should We Comply to?
44 CFR 59 – 65
Your Local Ordinance
Other Local, State or Federal Regulations
North Carolina Emergency Management
What is a Permit? Document verifying approval of
community for development in floodplain, containing:
Application form Supporting documents Mandated elevation requirement Signatures – property owner, Flood plain Administrator (FPA)
PERMIT
North Carolina Emergency Management
What Does a Permit Do?
Communicates development requirements
Describes construction expectations Authorizes start of development States required actions at specific times
or phases during construction Serves as legal record of development
North Carolina Emergency Management
Permit Application Review Process
Is application package complete? Does package comply with
technical requirements? Based on 1 and 2, approve or deny.
Once approved, inspect the site/work.
North Carolina Emergency Management
Key Points for Permits Can be very simple Should state:
If structure will be in floodplain or floodway
What elevation requirements are
Post permit at construction site Info for inspectors Confirms valid permit
North Carolina Emergency Management
Inspections In-house Other Agency - via Interlocal Agreement Documentation is VITAL
North Carolina Emergency Management
If owner is problem…
Use penalty and police powers in ordinance. Issue stop-work order. Inform violator of violation, fines,
expected response, specific response
date.
North Carolina Emergency Management
If community goofed…
Own up to it. Notify owner of violation. Discuss remedial actions with owner. Consider filing “Errors & Omissions”
claim. Explore all practicable remedies. Use State NFIP Representatives & FEMA
as resources.
North Carolina Emergency Management
Compliance Checklist
Review all development proposals Use floodplain maps and studies Educate community Advise builders of requirements Assure that everyone obtains
permits Inspect for compliance Maintain records, including “as-
builts”
North Carolina Emergency Management
In ReviewDid you follow your ordinance?PermitsElevation CertificatesInspectionsCorrecting violationsAvoid FEMA’s Actions for Non-Compliance
North Carolina Emergency Management
Variances Grant of relief from requirements
of floodplain development ordinance
Permits construction in a manner that would otherwise be
prohibited Stays with property if sold Not relief from flood insurance! Granted by local governing body
North Carolina Emergency Management
Key to Valid Variance “Unnecessary hardships” Loss of all beneficial or productive use Deprivation of reasonable return on property Rendering property valueless Inability to develop property in compliance with the regulations Reasonable use cannot be made consistent with regulations
North Carolina Emergency Management
Insufficient Reasons for a Variance
Less than drastic depreciation of property
Convenience of property owner Circumstances of owner not the land To obtain better financial return Property similar to others in
neighborhood Hardship created by owner’s own
actions
North Carolina Emergency Management
ARE YOU MAINTAINING FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT DOCUMENTS IN
PERPETUITY?
North Carolina Emergency Management
FRIS – Flood Risk Information System IRISK – Integrated Hazard Risk Management FEMA Technical Bulletins
North Carolina Emergency Management
FLOOD RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM
FRIS – How to Access the Data
http://fris.nc.gov/fris/Home.aspx?ST=NC
North Carolina Emergency Management
IHRM Scope: Hazard Identification
Riverine floodingDam failure Levee failure Coastal flooding Storm surge from hurricanes Coastal erosionLandslidesEarthquakes
Identifies and displays all natural hazards at different magnitude levels / annual
frequency on the parcel, statewide, and national level for:
Coastal erosionLandslidesEarthquakes Wind (straight line/hurricane) TornadoesWildfireSnow/Ice, HailDrought Sea Level Rise
North Carolina Emergency Management
Hard Copy FIRMsRisk
AssessmentHazard
ProbabilityVulnerability / Consequences
MitigationTool
Digital Data Download
Robust Digital Flood Tools and
Print-on-Demand
• 15 Natural Hazards Identification
• Property Address Lookup• Map Print on Demand
functionality• Flood Insurance Study (FIS)
Download• Terrain Data Download• Base Map Download
• Enhanced Risk Communication• Consequence Communication
• Personal Mitigation Methods• Generation of Mitigation Plan
Template• Urban Vulnerability• Indirect Economic Impacts
• BCA Analysis• Enhanced Print on Demand
• All FIS and FIRM Components• Regulatory Equivalent• BFE Determinations• Additional Functionality
Functionalities
Integrated Risk Information System
STATEWIDE BASE DATA
Elevation Imagery
HydrographyTransportation
Boundaries
FMIS
Engineering & Inventory
Flood Mapping
HAZARD / VULNERABILITY
Hazard Probabilities15 Hazard Polygons
CI/KRBuilding Footprints
First Floor ElevationsParcels
RISK / MITIGATIONDirect Physical
DamageIndirect Economic
ImpactAnnual Loss Estimates
Enhanced Risk Rasters
Risk AssessmentsUrban Vulnerability
Mitigation BCA / ROIs
DIGITAL DISPLAY (D2E)
FIS – Digital Environment LOMC–Digital Environment
FIS – Digital DisplayFlood Map – Digital
DisplayMapping – Digital Specs
Enhanced Eng. & Inventory
iRISK Capabilities
North Carolina Emergency Management
IHRM Scope: Hazard Identification
Riverine floodingDam failure Levee failure Coastal flooding Storm surge from hurricanes Coastal erosionLandslidesEarthquakes
Identifies and displays all natural hazards at different magnitude levels / annual
frequency on the parcel, statewide, and national level for:
Coastal erosionLandslidesEarthquakes Wind (straight line/hurricane) TornadoesWildfireSnow/Ice, HailDrought Sea Level Rise
North Carolina Emergency Management
NFIP Technical BulletinsRevised TB-1, TB-2, TB-4, TB-5 and TB-9Each cites the I-CodesNotes insurance implications
North Carolina Emergency Management
Property Protection Mitigation MethodsModify existing structures/ infrastructure to
protect from hazards or remove from hazard area
Examples:Acquisition/RelocationElevationRetrofitsFloodproofingStorm shutters
North Carolina Emergency Management
Unified Hazard Mitigation Assistance Grant Programs
FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) Program introduces five mitigation grant programs available to alleviate the risk to individuals and property from natural hazards while simultaneously reducing reliance on Federal disaster funds.
North Carolina Emergency Management
HMA Grant ProgramsHazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)HMGP is authorized by Section 404 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (the Stafford Act), Title 42, United States Code (U.S.C.) 5170c. The key purpose of HMGP is to ensure that the opportunity to take critical mitigation measures to reduce the risk of loss of life and property from future disasters is not lost during the reconstruction process following a disaster. HMGP is available, when authorized under a Presidential major disaster declaration, in the areas of the State requested by the Governor. The amount of HMGP funding available to the Applicant is based upon the estimated total Federal assistance to be provided by FEMA for disaster recovery under the Presidential major disaster declaration.
Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant (PDM)The PDM program is authorized by Section 203 of the Stafford Act, 42 U.S.C. 5133. The PDM program is designed to assist States, Territories, Indian Tribal governments, and local communities to implement a sustained pre-disaster natural hazard mitigation program to reduce overall risk to the population and structures from future hazard events, while also reducing reliance on Federal funding from future disasters.
Flood Mitigation Assistance Grant (FMA)The FMA program is authorized by Section 1366 of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended (NFIA), 42 U.S.C. 4104c, with the goal of reducing or eliminating claims under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
North Carolina Emergency Management
Independent study of FEMA grants
$1 in mitigation -> $4 saved
220 lives and 4700 injuries over 50 yrs.
Report available at www.nibs.org/MMC/mmcactiv5.html
“Hazard Mitigation Saves”
North Carolina Emergency Management
In Summary Follow your ordinance and
your permitting process Inspect & Document Correct Violations Don’t issue variances Work Together Use your tools
North Carolina Emergency Management
THANKYOU for having me
828.228.8526