Normal Laboratory Values

1

Conventional Units SI Units*

Acid hemolysis test (Ham)Alkaline phosphatase, leukocyteCell counts Erythrocytes Males Females Children (varies with age) Leukocytes Total Differential Myelocytes Band neutrophils Segmented neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils Platelets Reticulocytes

Percentage03–554–6225–333–71–30–1

No hemolysisTotal score 14–100

4.6–6.2 million/mm3



4500–11,000 mm3

Absolute0/mm3

150–400/mm3

3000–5800/mm3

1500–3000/mm3

300–500/mm3

50–250/mm3

15–50/mm3

150,000–400,000/mm3

25,000–75,000/mm3 (0.5–1.5% of erythrocytes)

No hemolysisTotal score 14–100

4.6–6.2 ! 1012/L4.2–5.4 ! 1012/L4.5–5.1 ! 1012/L

4.5–11 ! 109/LAbsolute0/L150–400 ! 106/L3000–5800 ! 106/L1500–3000 ! 106/L300–500 ! 106/L50–250 ! 106/L15–50 ! 106/L150–400 ! 109/L25–75 ! 109/L

Coagulation tests Bleeding time (template) Coagulation time (glass tubes) D-Dimer Factor VIII and other coagulation factors Fibrin split products (Thrombo-Welco test) Fibrinogen Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) Prothrombin time (PT)

2.75–8 min5–15 min"0.5 mcg/mL50–150% of normal"10 mcg/mL200–400 mg/dL20–35 sec12–14 sec

2.75–8 min5–15 min"0.5 mg/L0.5–1.5 of normal"10 mg/L2–4 g/L20–35 sec12–14 sec

Coomb’s test Direct Indirect

NegativeNegative

NegativeNegative

Corpuscular values of erythrocytes Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

26–34 pg/cell80–96 micrometer3

32–36 gm/dL

26–34 pg/cell80–96 fL320–360 g/L

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Wintrobe Males Females Westergren Males Females

0–5 mm/hr0–15 mm/hr




Haptoglobin 26–185 mg/dL 260–1850 mg/L

Normal Laboratory Values

PART I. HEMATOLOGY

Continued

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004, 2000, 1999 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Hematocrit Males Females Newborns Children (varies with age)

40–54 mL/dL37–47 mL/dL49–54 mL/dL35–49 mL/dL

0.40–0.54 volume fraction0.37–0.47 volume fraction0.49–0.54 volume fraction0.35–0.49 volume fraction

Hemoglobin Males Females Newborns Children (varies with age)

14–18 gm/dL12–16 gm/dL16.5–19.5 gm/dL11.2–16.5 gm/dL

2.17–2.79 mmol/L1.86–2.48 mmol/L2.56–3.02 mmol/L1.74–2.56 mmol/L

Hemoglobin, fetal "1% of total "0.01 of total

Hemoglobin A1c 3–5% of total 0.03–0.05 of total

Hemoglobin A2 1.5–3% of total 0.015–0.03 of total

Hemoglobin, plasma 0–5 mg/dL 0–0.8 micromole/L

Methemoglobin 30–130 mg/dL 4.7–20 micromole/L

*Système International d’Unités (International System of Units).

PART I. HEMATOLOGY—Cont’d


Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT), serum 1–45 U/L 1–45 U/L

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT), serum 1–36 U/L 1–36 U/L

Base excess, arterial blood, calculated 0 # 2 mEq/L 0 # 2 mmol/L

Beta-carotene, serum 60–260 mcg/dL 1.1–8.6 micromole/L

Bicarbonate Venous plasma Arterial blood

23–29 mEq/L18–23 mEq/L

23–39 mmol/L18–23 mmol/L

Bile acids, serum 0.3–3 mg/dL 3–30 mg/L

Bilirubin, serum Conjugated Total

0.1–0.4 mg/dL0.3–1.1 mg/dL

1.7–6.8 micromole/L5.1–19 micromole/L

Calcium, serum 9–11 mg/dL 2.25–2.75 mmol/L

Calcium, ionized, serum 4.25–5.25 mg/dL 1.05–1.30 mmol/L

Carbon dioxide, total, serum or plasma 24–30 mEq/L 24–30 mmol/L

Carbon dioxide tension (PCO2), blood 35–45 mm Hg 35–45 mm Hg

Ceruloplasmin, serum 23–44 mg/dL 230–440 mg/L

Chloride, serum or plasma 96–106 mEq/L 96–106 mmol/L

Cholesterol, serum or EDTA plasma Desirable range LDL cholesterol (optimal) HDL cholesterol (optimal)

"200 mg/dL"100 mg/dL$60 mg/dL

"5.18 mmol/L"1000 mg/L$600 mg/L

Copper 70–140 mcg/dL 11–22 micromole/L

Corticotropin (ACTH), plasma, 8:00 AM 10–80 pg/mL 2–18 pmol/L

Cortisol, plasma 8:00 AM

4:00 PM

10:00 PM

6–23 mcg/dL3–15 mcg/dL"50% of 8:00 AM value

170–635 nmol/L82–413 nmol/L"0.5 of 8:00 AM value

PART II. BLOOD CHEMISTRYFor some procedures the reference values may vary depending on the method used.


IU % international unit, U % unit.*Système International d’Unités (International System of Units).


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Creatine, serum Males Females

0.2–0.5 mg/dL0.3–0.9 mg/dL

15–40 micromole/L25–70 micromole/L

Creatine kinase (CK), serum Males Females

55–170 U/L30–135 U/L

55–170 U/L30–135 U/L

Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme, serum 0–4.7 ng/mL 0–4.7 mcg/L

Creatinine, serum 0.6–1.2 mg/dL 50–110 micromole/L

Estradiol-17-beta, adult Males Females Follicular phase Ovulatory phase Luteal phase

10–65 pg/mL

30–100 pg/mL200–400 pg/mL50–140 pg/mL

35–240 pmol/L

110–370 pmol/L730–1470 pmol/L180–510 pmol/L

Ferritin, serum 20–200 ng/mL 20–200 mcg/L

Fibrinogen, plasma 200–400 mg/dL 2–4 g/L

Folate, serum Erythrocytes

1.8–9 ng/mL150–450 ng/mL

4.1–20.4 nmol/L340–1020 nmol/L

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), plasma Males Females Postmenopausal

4–25 mU/mL4–30 mU/mL40–250 mU/mL

4–25 U/L4–30 U/L40–250 U/L

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), serum 5–40 U/L 5–40 U/L

Gastrin, fasting, serum 0–110 pg/mL 0–110 ng/L

Glucose, fasting, plasma or serum 70–115 mg/dL 3.9–6.4 mmol/L

Growth hormone (hGH), plasma, adult, fasting 0–6 ng/mL 0–6 mcg/L

Haptoglobin, serum 20–165 mg/dL 0.20–1.65 g/L

Insulin, fasting, plasma 5–25 microU/mL 36–179 pmol/L

Iron, serum 75–175 mcg/dL 13–31 micromole/L

Iron binding capacity, serum Total Saturation

250–410 mcg/dL20–55%

45–73 micromole/L0.20–0.55

Lactate Venous whole blood Arterial whole blood

5–20 mg/dL5–15 mg/dL

0.6–2.2 mmol/L0.6–1.7 mmol/L

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum 110–220 U/L 110–220 U/L

Lipase, serum 10–140 U/L 10–140 U/L

Lutropin (LH), serum Males Females Follicular phase Midcycle peak Luteal phase Postmenopausal

1–9 U/L

2–10 U/L15–65 U/L1–12 U/L12–65 U/L

1–9 U/L

2–10 U/L15–65 U/L1–12 U/L12–65 U/L

Magnesium, serum 1.8–3 mg/dL 0.75–1.25 mmol/L

Osmolality 286–295 mOsm/kg water 285–295 mmol/kg water

Oxygen, blood, arterial, room air Partial pressure (PaO2) Saturation (SaO2)

80–100 mm Hg95–98%

80–100 mm Hg95–98%

pH, arterial blood 7.35–7.45 7.35–7.45

Phosphate, inorganic, serum Adult Child

3–4.5 mg/dL4–7 mg/dL

1–1.5 mmol/L1.3–2.3 mmol/L

PART II. BLOOD CHEMISTRY—Cont’d

Continued



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Potassium Serum Plasma

3.5–5 mEq/L3.5–4.5 mEq/L

3.5–5 mmol/L3.5–4.5 mmol/L

Progesterone, serum, adult Males Females Follicular phase Luteal phase

0–0.4 ng/mL

0.1–1.5 ng/mL2.5–28 ng/mL

0–1.3 mmol/L

0.3–4.8 mmol/L8–89 mmol/L

Prolactin, serum Males Females

1.0–15 ng/mL1.0–20 ng/mL

1.0–15 mcg/L1.0–20 mcg/L

Protein, serum, electrophoresis Total Albumin Alpha1 globulin Alpha2 globulin Beta globulin Gamma globulin

6–8 gm/dL3.5–5.5 gm/dL0.2–0.4 gm/dL0.5–0.9 gm/dL0.6–1.1 gm/dL0.7–1.7 gm/dL

60–80 g/L35–55 g/L2–4 g/L5–9 g/L6–11 g/L7–15 g/L

Pyruvate, blood 0.3–0.9 gm/dL 0.03–0.10 mmol/L

Rheumatoid factor 0–30 IU/mL 0–30 KIU/ml

Sodium, serum or plasma 135–145 mEq/L 135–145 mmol/L

Testosterone, plasma Males, adult Females, adult Pregnant females

300–1200 ng/dL20–75 ng/dL40–200 ng/dL

10.4–41.6 nmol/L0.7–2.6 nmol/L1.4–6.9 nmol/L

Thyroglobulin 3–42 ng/mL 3–42 mcg/L

Thyrotropin (hTSH), serum 0.4–4.8 microIU/mL 0.4–4.8 mIU/L

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) 5–60 pg/mL 5–60 ng/L

Thyroxine, free (FT4), serum 0.9–2.1 ng/dL 12–27 pmol/L

Thyroxine (T4), serum 4.5–12 mcg/dL 58–154 nmol/L

Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) 15–34 mcg/mL 15–34 mg/L

Transferrin 250–430 mg/dL 2.5–4.3 g/L

Triglycerides, serum, after 12-hr fast 40–150 mg/dL 0.4–1.5 g/L

Triiodothyronine (T3), serum 70–190 ng/dL 1.1–2.9 nmol/L

Triiodothyronine uptake, resin (T3RU) 25–38% uptake 0.25–0.38 uptake

Urate Males Females

2.5–8 mg/dL2.2–7 mg/dL

150–480 micromole/L130–420 micromole/L

Urea, serum or plasma 24–49 mg/dL 4.0–8.2 nmol/L

Urea nitrogen, serum or plasma 11–23 mg/dL 8.0–16.4 nmol/L

Viscosity, serum 1.4–1.8 times water 1.4–1.8 times water

Vitamin A, serum 20–80 mcg/dL 0.70–2.80 micromole/LVitamin B12, serum 180–900 pg/mL 133–664 pmol/L

IU % international unit, U % unit.*Système International d’Unités (International System of Units).

PART II. BLOOD CHEMISTRY—Cont’d



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Acetone and acetoacetate, qualitative Negative Negative

Albumin Qualitative Quantitative

Negative10–100 mg/24 hr

Negative0.15–1.5 micromole/day

Aldosterone 3–20 mcg/24 hr 8.3–55 nmol/day

Delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) 1.3–7 mg/24 hr 10–53 micromole/day

Amylase "17 U/hr "17 U/hr

Amylase/creatinine clearance ratio 0.01–0.04 0.01–0.04

Bilirubin, qualitative Negative Negative

Calcium (regular diet) "250 mg/24 hr "6.3 mmol/day

Catecholamines Epinephrine Norepinephrine Total free catecholamines Total metanephrines

"10 mcg/24 hr"100 mcg/24 hr4–126 mcg/24 hr0.1–1.6 mg/24 hr

"55 nmol/day"590 nmol/day24–745 nmol/day0.5–8.1 micromole/day

Chloride (varies with intake) 110–250 mEq/24 hr 110–250 mmol/day

Copper 0–50 mcg/24 hr 0.0–0.80 micromole/day

Cortisol, free 10–100 mcg/24 hr 27.6–276 nmol/day

Creatine Males Females

0–40 mg/24 hr0–80 mg/24 hr

0.0–0.30 mmol/day0.0–0.60 mmol/day

Creatinine 15–25 mg/kg/24 hr 0.13–0.22 mmol/kg/day

Creatinine clearance (endogenous) Males Females

110–150 mL/min/1.73 m2

105–132 mL/min/1.73 m2110–150 mL/min/1.73 m2

105–132 mL/min/1.73 m2

Cystine or cysteine Negative Negative

Dehydroepiandrosterone Males Females

0.2–2 mg/24 hr0.2–1.8 mg/24 hr

0.7–6.9 micromole/day0.7–6.2 micromole/day

Estrogens, total Males Females

4–25 mcg/24 hr5–100 mcg/24 hr

14–90 nmol/day18–360 nmol/day

Glucose (as reducing substance) "250 mg/24 hr "250 mg/day

Hemoblobin and myoglobin, qualitative Negative Negative

Homogentisic acid, qualitative Negative Negative

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids Males Females

3–9 mg/24 hr2–8 mg/24 hr

8.3–25 micromole/day5.5–22 micromole/day

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid Qualitative Quantitative

Negative2–6 mg/24 hr

Negative10–31 micromole/day

17-Ketogenic steroids Males Females

5–23 mg/24 hr3–15 mg/24 hr

17–80 micromole/day10–52 micromole/day

17-Ketosteroids Males Females

8–22 mg/24 hr6–15 mg/24 hr

28–76 micromole/day21–52 micromole/day

Magnesium 6–10 mEq/24 hr 3–5 mmol/day

Metanephrines 0.05–1.2 ng/mg creatinine 0.03–0.70 mmol/mmol creatinine

Osmolality 38–1400 mOsm/kg water 38–1400 mOsm/kg water

pH 4.6–8 4.6–8

Phenylpyruvic acid, qualitative Negative Negative

PART III. URINE CHEMISTRYFor some procedures the reference values may vary depending on the method used.

Continued



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Phosphate 0.4–1.3 gm/24 hr 13–42 mmol/day

Porphobilinogen Qualitative Quantitative

Negative"2.0 mg/24 hr

Negative"9 micromole/day

Porphyrins Coproporphyrin Uroporphyrin

50–250 mcg/24 hr10–30 mcg/24 hr

77–380 nmol/day12–36 nmol/day

Potassium 25–125 mEq/24 hr 25–125 mmol/day

Pregnanediol Males Females Proliferative phase Luteal phase Postmenopausal

0.0–1.9 mg/24 hr

0.0–2.6 mg/24 hr2.6–10.6 mg/24 hr0.2–1 mg/24 hr

0–6 micromole/day

0–8 micromole/day8–33 micromole/day0.6–3.1 micromole/day

Pregnanetriol 0.0–2.5 mg/24 hr 0.0–7.4 micromole/day

Protein, total Qualitative Quantitative Protein/creatinine ratio

Negative10–150 mg/24 hr"0.2

Negative10–150 mg/day"0.2

Sodium (regular diet) 60–260 mEq/24 hr 60–260 mmol/day

Specifi c gravity Random specimen 24-hour collection

1.003–1.0301.003–1.0301.015–1.025

1.003–1.0301.003–1.0301.015–1.025

Urate (regular diet) 250–750 mg/24 hr 1.5–4.4 mmol/day

Urobilinogen 0.5–4 mg/24 hr 0.6–6.8 micromole/day

Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) 1–8 mg/24 hr 5–40 micromole/24 hr

*Système International d’Unités (International System of Units).Adapted from O’Toole MT (ed): Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1997:1843–1845, 1847–1848.

PART III. URINE CHEMISTRY—Cont’d



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Normal Laboratory Values