TRN0147401/0005RoadFundamentalsusingInRoadsInRoadsV8i(SELECTseries2)withMicroStationPowerInRoadsV8i(SELECTseries2)BentleyInstituteCourseGuideRoadFundamentalsusingInRoads Jan20112 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTrademarksAccuDraw,Bentley,theBBentleylogo,MDL,MicroStationandSmartLineareregisteredtrademarks;PopSetandRasterManageraretrademarks;BentleySELECTisaservicemarkofBentleySystems,IncorporatedorBentleySoftware,Inc.AutoCADisaregisteredtrademarkofAutodesk,Inc.Allotherbrandsandproductnamesarethetrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.PatentsUnitedStatesPatentNos.5,8.15,415and5,784,068and6,199,125.Copyrights20002011BentleySystems,Incorporated.MicroStation1998BentleySystems,Incorporated.Allrightsreserved.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 23ATourofInRoadsInthischapter,wewilllearnabouttheInRoadsfamilyofproductsandnavigatetheInRoadsExplorertogether.WewillalsolearnhowtosetupanInRoadsproject.ATourofInRoads Jan201124 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedObjectivesObjectivesInthislessonwewill... LearnwhatyoucandowiththeInRoadsproducts. LearnhowtostartandexitInRoads. LearnhowtonavigateandusetheInRoadsinterface. LearntheInRoadsfiletypes. LearnhowtosetupanInRoadsproject.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 25InRoadsProductsInRoadsProductsTheInRoadsfamilyofcivilsolutionsprovidescivilengineeringtoolsthatfacilitateworkflow,andinterfaceswithbothMicroStationandAutoCAD.InRoadsInRoadsprovidescivilengineeringtoolsforroadandcorridordesign.ExamplesoftheInRoadsdesignfunctionalityinclude:roadandsitemodelingcapabilities,alignmenttools,typicalsections,superelevation,andvolumecomputation.InRoadsincludesallofthefunctionalitydeliveredinInRoadsSite.InRoadsSiteInRoadsSiteprovidessitedesigntools,digitalterrainmodeling,andcoordinategeometrytoolsneededtogeneratecontours,profiles,crosssections,andcutandfillvolumes.ATourofInRoads Jan201126 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedInRoadsProductsInRoadsSurveyInRoadsSurveyenablesyoutotransferdatafromelectronicfieldbooks(EFBs)totheMicroStationorAutoCADenvironment,withinteractivedataeditingcapabilities.Contourscanbedisplayed,surveysadjustedandresultsvisuallyverified.InRoadsBridgeInRoadsBridgeprovidestoolstolayoutsimpleandcomplexbridgegeometrybasedontheexistinggroundconditions.InRoadsBridgealsohasinteractivetoolstocreateprecise3Dgeometricmodelsfromwhichdrawingsandreportscanbecreated.InRoadsStorm&SanitaryInRoadsStorm&Sanitaryoffers3Dmodeling,designandanalysis,drawingproduction,anddatamanagementcapabilitiesforstormandsanitarydrainagenetworks.BentleyRailTrackBentleyRailTrackprovidesanindustryspecificsetofraildesign,maintenance,andmanufacturingtools.BentleyRailTrackalsoprovidestoolsforgeometry,siteandtrackdesign,railmanufacturing,reporting,viewing,andannotation.BentleyRailTrackalsoincludesallthefunctionalitydeliveredinInRoads.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 27InRoads:AnAssortmentofToolsInRoads:AnAssortmentofToolsThinkofInRoadsasatoolboxcontaininganassortmentoftools.Eachtoolhasaspecificuse.Whentheindividualtoolsarecombinedandusedinaspecificorder,itscalledaworkflow.Workflowsareusedtoaccomplishspecificprojectorientedtasks.AnexampleofaworkflowisCreatingaHorizontalAlignment.Workflowscanbeusedonsimpleandcomplexprojects.Inthiscourse,wewilllearnaboutworkflowsthataccomplishcommontasks.Wewillalsolearnaboutthetoolsusedintheseworkflows.ATourofInRoads Jan201128 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedWhatCanyouAccomplishwithInRoads?WhatCanyouAccomplishwithInRoads?InRoadsprovidesthefunctionalitytoaccomplishavarietyofprojectsthatinclude: Roadandcorridordesign Roadwidening Roadresurfacing Landfilldesign Sitedesign Residentialandcommerciallanddevelopment RightofwayandpropertylayoutJan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 29AdditionalInformationAdditionalInformationAllInRoadsproductshaveabuiltinHelpsystem.ClickHelpinanyInRoadsdialogboxtoaccessthehelpsystemfortheactivetool.ThehelpsystemisalsoavailablebyselectingHelp>ContentsfromtheInRoadsmenu.TheBeCommunitieswebsiteisthedestinationfortheworldsinfrastructurecommunitymemberstoconnect,communicate,andlearnfromeachother.Thisprofessionalnetworkingisdonethroughavarietyofmeans,including: Forumsforexchangingideasanddiscussingawiderangeoftechnicalsubjects. WikiafreeformresourcewithintheBeCommunitiesforcreatingandmaintainingreferencecontent. Blogsonlinejournalsforcommunitiesandindividualstopublishcommentary,opinions,andideas. ResourceGalleriesaplacetoshareandexchangeimagesandfileswithcommunitymembers.ToaccesstheBeCommunities,visitwww.bentley.com.ATourofInRoads Jan201130 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedStartingInRoadsStartingInRoadsLaunchInRoadsorPowerInroadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.orDoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsShortcutcreatedonyourdesktop.or1 StartMicroStation.2 SelectApplications>InRoadsGroup>ActivateInRoads.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 31ExerciseStartInRoadsExerciseStartInRoadsStartInRoadsorPowerInRoads1 DoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsiconorlaunchInRoads/PowerInRoadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.TheMicroStationdialogappears.OpenaCADFile1 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\TourofInRoads\Practice\2 SelectthefileStartingInRoads.dgn,thenclickOpen.ATourofInRoads Jan201132 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedCADGraphicsCADGraphicsInRoadsusesCADfilestodisplayCADgraphics.TheCADfileusedbyInRoadsisreferredtoastheWorkingfile.Thisfilecanbeascratchfileoritcanbeafinalplansheetfile.MostofthegraphicsdisplayedintheCADfilebyInRoadsarerecognizedbyInRoadscommands.YoucaninteractwithInRoadsgraphicsusingtheInRoadstools.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 33TheInRoadsExplorerTheInRoadsExplorerInRoadsExplorerTheInRoadsExplorerisdividedintofourmajorparts:MenuBarTheMenuBarcontainsmenusforallofthetoolsavailablefortheactiveInRoadsmodules.SincetheInRoadssuiteiscomposedofdifferentmodules,themenusdisplayedwillvarydependingonwhichproductandApplicationAddinsareactive.MenusaresharedacrosstheInRoadsSuiteofProducts.WorkspaceBarTheWorkspaceBaristhecontrolcenterforallInRoadsProjectData.FeedbackPaneTheFeedbackPanedisplaysdetailsaboutthedataselectedintheWorkspaceBar.StatusBarTheStatusBaristhelocationonthebottomleftcorneroftheInRoadsExplorer.ItdisplaysInRoadsmessages,datareadout,anderrors.IftheATourofInRoads Jan201134 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTheInRoadsExplorercommandbeingusedrequiresthatsomethingbelocatedoridentifiedintheCADfile,additionalcommandpromptswilldisplayintheMicroStationStatusBar.OtherInRoadsExplorerItemsScrollBarsWhenresizingtheInRoadsExplorer,somedatamaynotbevisibleeitherintheWorkspaceBarorFeedbackPane.ScrollBarsallowyoutoviewthisdatawithoutresizingtheInRoadsExplorer.RightclickPopupMenusTheInRoadsExplorerenablesaccesstocommonfunctionsthroughpopupMenus.Thesemenusaredisplayedbyrightclicking.DialogBoxesWhenatoolisselectedusingatoolbutton,orfromtheInRoadsmenu,acommanddialogboxcommonlydisplayssothatmoreoptionsrelatedtothecommandcanbespecified.ToolbarsInRoadscontainsbuiltintoolbarsthatcanbedockedintheInRoadsExplorer.Youcanalsocreatecustomtoolbars.Show/HideExplorerTheentireInRoadsexplorercanbehiddenfromviewbyrightclickingintheMicroStationviewwindowandselectingExplorerShow/Hide.SelectthiscommandagaintoshowtheExplorer.IftheInRoadsExplorerishidden,InRoadscommandscanbeaccessedthroughtheMicroStationTasks.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 35ExploretheInterfaceExploretheInterfaceATourofInRoads Jan201136 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedInRoadsFileTypesInRoadsFileTypesInRoadsFileTypesTheInRoadsroaddesignprocessusesseveraldifferentfiletypes.AllInRoadsdataisstoredinexternalfiles.TheCADfileisusedtoviewagraphicalrepresentationofthedesigndata,butthegraphicfilesdonotstoretheInRoadsdata.DeletingtheCADgraphicsdoesnotaffecttheInRoadsdata.Forexample,ifthegraphicsthatrepresentexistinggroundsurfacecontoursaredeleted,theInRoadsexistinggroundsurfacefileisnotmodified.SurfaceFile(.dtm)TheSurfacefilestoresfeaturesthataremadeupofrandompoints,breakline,andboundarydata.TheSurfacefilealsocontainstriangledata.Thefeaturesandthetrianglestogetherrepresentexistinggroundanddesignsurfaces.Multiplesurfacefilesmaybeopenforeditingatthesametime.AlthoughmultipleSurfacescanbeopenedinInRoads,onlyoneSurfacecanbeeditedatagiventime.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 37InRoadsFileTypesGeometryProjectFile(.alg)TheGeometryProjectFilestoresgeometricdataincludinghorizontalandverticalalignmentsandCOGOpoints.MultipleGeometryProjectfilesmaybeloadedatthesametime.AlthoughmultiplegeometryprojectscanbeopenedinInRoads,onlyoneGeometryProjectfilecanbeeditedatagiventime.TemplateLibraryFile(.itl)TheTemplateLibraryFilestorestemplatesandtemplatecomponents.Differentcomponentscanbeassembledtobuildtemplates,whichdefinethetypicalsectionsofaroadway.OnlyoneTemplateLibraryfilemaybeopenforeditingatagiventime.RoadwayDesign(.ird)TheRoadwayDesignstoresinformationdefiningtheparametersofaroadwaydesign.TheseroadwaydesignparametersaredefinedusingatoolcalledtheRoadwayDesigner.TheRoadwayDesignerisusedforcorridormanagement,assigningtemplatedrops,creatingsuperelevation,reviewingthedesign,definingtemplatetransitioningandcreatingdesignsurfaces.OnlyoneRoadwayDesignfilemaybeopenforeditingatagiventime.ProjectFile(.rwk)TheProjectfileprovidesaneasymethodofopeningandsavinganumberofInRoadsdatafilesinasingleoperation.NoInRoadsdataisstoredinthisfile;itisanASCIIfilethatliststheInRoadsdatafilestoopen.ATourofInRoads Jan201138 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedResourceFilesResourceFilesResourceFilesTheInRoadsPreferencefile(.xin)controlshowdatawillappearwhenitisdisplayedintheCADfile.Preferencesetsstoredatarelatedsettingsanddialogboxsettingsforlaterretrieval.Listedbelowareafewoftheparametersthatarestoredinpreferencefiles. Howasurfacewillappearwhenviewedinplan,profileandcrosssections Howgeometry,suchasalignmentsandpoints,willappearwhenviewedinplanandprofile HowProfileandCrossSectiongridspacing,textlabelsandaxissymbologywillappear Parametersandvaluesthathavebeenenteredandselectedindialogboxfields,whichcanbesavedforlaterrecallNumeroussettingsaresavedtotheInRoadsPreferencefileandprovideameansbywhichtoimplementprojectspecificandorganizationalstandards.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 39ResourceFilesPreferenceFile(.xin)ThePreferencefilestoresthepreferencesaccessibleoneachdialogbox,Styledefinitions,andNamedSymbologydefinitions.StylesandNamedSymbologydefinitionscontrolthedisplayofSurfacesandGeometryelements.DraftingNotesFile(.dft)TheDraftingNotesfilestoresnotedefinitionscreatedwiththevariousnoteplacementtoolsfoundontheDraftingmenu.StyleSheetsFile(.xsl)TheStyleSheetsfileisusedtoformataraw.xmlfiletocreateafinishedreport.ATourofInRoads Jan201140 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseOpenaPreferenceFileExerciseOpenaPreferenceFileOpenthePreferenceFileWhenInRoadsstarts,apreferencefileisopenedautomatically.ThedefaultpreferencefileisnamedCivil.xinandislocatedintheC:\ProgramFiles\Bentley\InRoadsGroup*\Data\folder,where*representstheversionofsoftware.LocatethetrainingspecificpreferencefileintheBentleyTrainingfolder:1 SelectFile>OpenfromtheInRoadsmenu.2 BrowsetothepathC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\.3 SelectthePreferencefileBentleyTraining.xin.4 ClickOpen.AmessagestatingthattheBentleyTraining.xinfileisopenappearsintheStatusBaratthebottomoftheInRoadsExplorer.Note:theOpendialogremainsopenafteryouopenafile.5 ClickCanceltoclosetheOpendialog.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 41InRoadsWorkflowTheBigPictureInRoadsWorkflowTheBigPictureInRoadsWorkflowInRoadsdoesnotforcetheuserintoalinearworkflow.Itisapowerfultoolthatcanbeusedtodoawidevarietyofcomplextasks,suchasacloverleafinterchangedesign,sitedesignorstakingreports.Sinceworkflowscanvarywidelydependingonthescopeoftheproject,itisdifficulttodescribetheInRoadsworkflow.Itishowever,reasonabletosaythatmostprojectsfollowthegeneralworkflowasshownhere.ProjectSetupSetupoftheCADfilesisusuallythestartingpointofaproject.Concurrently,afieldsurveyalsotakesplacetogatherexistinginformation.Theinformationthatthesurveyortypicallysuppliescancomeinmanyformats,includingrawdata,graphicsorASCIItext.InRoadsisflexibleenoughtohandleavarietyofformats.Thesurfaceisthenevaluatedusingavarietyofmethods,suchascrosssections,profiles,andcontourdisplay.ATourofInRoads Jan201142 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedInRoadsWorkflowTheBigPictureCreateGeometriesOncethesurfaceisdeemedacceptable,thedesignerbeginscreatinggeometry.InRoadsprovidesawidevarietyoftoolsforgeometrycreationthatcanbeusedinanyworkflow.Therearemanydifferentwaystocreategeometryandthestepsinvolvedmayvarydependingontheprojectscope.However,geometrycreationtypicallyinvolvescreatinghorizontalgeometry,creatingexistinggroundprofilesandcrosssections,andcreatingverticalgeometries.DesignRoadwayCorridorOncethegeometriesarecomplete,thedesignerwilltypicallycreatenewtemplatesoruseexistingstandardtemplates.Thesetemplatesarethenusedtodesignacorridormodelandgenerateaproposedsurface.EvaluateResultsOnceacorridorisdesignedandprocessed,thedesignercanuseavarietyoftoolstoevaluateandedittheresultsofthedesign.Reportscanbecreatedforimportantdatasuchasgeometry,crosssections,andvolumes.Inaddition,morespecializedreportssuchasgradebooks,surveystakeout,slopestake,andlegaldescriptionreportscanbecreated.InRoadsreportscanbetraditionalhardcopyreportsorelectronicdatasuchasautomatedmachinecontrolgrading.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 43ExerciseCreateaCADFileExerciseCreateaCADFileCreateaMicroStationFile1 SelectFile>NewintheMicroStationmenu.2 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\TourofInRoads\Practice\.3 ClickBrowse.TheSelectSeedFiledialogappears.4 BrowsetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\folder.5 SelecttheInRoads_Training_seed.dgnfile.6 ClickOpen.TheSelectSeedFiledialogdisappears,andtheselectedseedfileisshownatthebottomoftheNewdialog.7 EnterPracticeWorkingFile.dgnintheFilesfield.8 ClickSave.Thefilethatwasjustcreatedisopened,asseeninthetitlebaroftheMicroStationwindow.ATourofInRoads Jan201144 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseCreateaCADFileVerifyMicroStationWorkingUnits1 SelectSettings>DesignFilefromtheMicroStationmenu.2 IntheDGNFileSettingsdialog,selecttheWorkingUnitscategory.EnsurethatMasterUnitissettoUSSurveyFeet[Meters]3 ClickOKtoclosetheDGNFileSettingsdialog.ReviewtheInRoadsWorkspaceBarTabsNote:TheInRoadsWorkspaceBartabsarelocatedatthebottomoftheInRoadsWorkspace.Afewofthetabsarevisible,andyoucanviewtheothersbyusingthearrowkeystoscrollleftandright.1 SelecttheSurfacestabfromtheInRoadsWorkspaceBar.NoticethattheDefaulticonisoutlinedinred,indicatingthatitistheactivefiletheonethatisaffectedbyanyactionswetakeinInRoads.2 SelecttheGeometrytabfromtheInRoadsWorkspaceBar.NoticethattheDefaultGeometryProjectisactive.3 SelectthePreferencetabfromtheInRoadsWorkspaceBar.Noticethatthepreferencefileremainsopened,asindicatedintheStatusBar.InRoadsfilesremainopenevenwhencreatingnewCADfilesorswitchingbetweenCADfiles.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 45MicroStationUnitsMicroStationUnitsMicroStationUnitsandtheSurveyFootItisimportantthatyounotethetwodifferentlengthsofafootintheUnitedStates,andMicroStationV8mustbesetupcorrectlyoryoumaynotbedrawingwhatyouthinkyouaredrawing.MicroStationstoresalldatainternallyinmeters.Themeteristheofficialbaseunitofmeasurethroughouttheworld.EventhoughfeetandinchesarethedominantunitsofmeasureintheUnitedStates,theyarelegallydefinedbasedonthemeter.MicroStationusestheworkingunitdefinitiontoconvertcoordinatesanddistancestoandfrommeters.Therefore,whentheworkingunitsaresettofeetandinches,MicroStationstillstoresthecoordinatesinmetersandconvertstofeetandinchestodisplaycoordinates,distances,measurements,dimensions,etc.BecauseMicroStationV8convertsallvaluesfromfeet(oranyotherunit)tometerstostorethedata,itiscriticalthatyouunderstandtheconversionprocessandthedesiredfootmeasurement.Ifnot,yourdatamaynotbecorrect.ATourofInRoads Jan201146 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMicroStationUnitsThereisadifferencebetweenafootandaSurveyfoot.Thefollowingdefinitionistakenfromthe1991editionofASTMpublicationE38089a(StandardPracticeforUseofInternationalSystemofUnits).TheU.S.MetricLawof1866gavetherelationship,1metreequals39.37inches.Since1893theU.S.yardhasbeenderivedfromthemetre.In1959arefinementwasmadeinthedefinitionoftheyardtobringtheU.S.yardandtheyardusedinothercountriesintoagreement.TheU.S.yardwaschangedfrom3600/3937mto0.9144mexactly.Thenewlengthisshorterbyexactlytwopartsinamillion.AtthesametimeitwasdecidedthatanydatainfeetderivedfromandpublishedasaresultofgeodeticsurveyswithintheU.S.wouldremainwiththeoldstandard(1ft=1200/3937m)untilfurtherdecision.ThisfootisnamedtheU.S.surveyfoot.Thereforethefollowingdefinitionsareinexistencetoday:1foot=.3048000m1surveyfoot=1200/3937m .3048006mThefootinMicroStationsstandardunitlistisbasedonthefootdefinition,notthesurveyfootdefinition.Thisisthecorrectdefinitionformostworkoutsideofthecivilengineeringandsurveyingdisciplines.If,however,thedataisbasedongeodeticsurveymeasurements,usingthestandardunitdefinitioninMicroStationmayyieldincorrectresults.MostsurveydocumentationintheUSisbasedonthesurveyfoot.However,itisimportanttocheckwithyoursurveyororlocalauthoritiesbecausesomedataisbasedonthefootdefinition.Howmuchdifferencereallyexistsbetweenafootandasurveyfoot?Itdependsonwhatyouaremeasuring.Asyoucanseebelow,largenumberssuchasengineerstypicallyworkwithwhenusingStatePlaneCoordinatescanhavesignificanterrorifthewrongfootdefinitionisused. ShortdistancesProjectDefaultscommandintheInRoadsmenu.TheSetProjectDefaultsdialogboxisdividedintotwoprimarysections:DefaultPreferencesandDefaultDirectoryPaths. DefaultPreferencesInRoadspreferencefilesthatareloadedwhenaProjectDefaultsConfigurationNameisselected. DefaultDirectoryPathsthefolderlocationswherethesetypesofInRoadsfilesarelocated.ThespecificfilestobeloadedforaprojectareidentifiedusingaProjectfile(.rwk).ATourofInRoads Jan201148 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedProjectDefaultsMultipleProjectDefaultconfigurationscanbecreatedandsavedunderdifferentnames.Thepathforallfiletypescanbesettothesamelocation,orseparatepathscanbesetforeachfiletype.TocreateanewConfigurationNameormodifyanexistingone,clickApply.Thisactionwritestheinformationtotheregistryofthecomputerthatyouarecurrentlyusing.ToactivateadifferentConfigurationName,selectitandclickClose.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 49ExerciseSetUpProjectDefaultsExerciseSetUpProjectDefaultsInRoadsFilesWhichOpenAutomaticallyWhenInRoadsstarts,aPreferencefileisneededtospecifythesettingsandparametersofeachdialogbox.ThePreferencefileisopenedasspecifiedintheProjectDefaults,ifconfigured.IftheProjectDefaultsarenotconfigured,InRoadswillopenapreferencefilewhichislocatedintheproductfolders.InRoadsalsocreatesaDefaultSurfaceandDefaultGeometryProject.TheDefaultSurfaceandGeometryProjectareemptyandcanbeusedforscratchwork,butarenormallynotsavedduringatypicalInRoadsworkflow.SetUpProjectDefaultsInthisexercise,youwillcreateaProjectDefaultconfigurationnamedRoadFundamentalsandassigntoitthedefaultfolderlocationsforFile>OpenandFileSavecommands.1 FromtheInRoadsmenu,selectFile>ProjectDefaults.TheProjectDefaultsdialogappears.ATourofInRoads Jan201150 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseSetUpProjectDefaults2 ClickNew.3 EnterRoadFundamentalsintheNewConfigurationdialogandclickOK.TheSetProjectDefaultsdialogupdateswiththenewConfigurationName.4 ClickinthePreferences(*.xin)fieldandclickBrowse.5 BrowsetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\folder,andselecttheBentleyTraining.xinfile.6 ClickOpen.7 ClickintheProjects(*.rwk)fieldandclickBrowse.8 BrowsetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\folder,andopenit.9 ClickOpen.TheProjects(*.rwk)fieldupdateswiththeC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\folder.10 Repeatthisproceduretocompletethefollowingfields:11 VerifythattheProjectDefaultDirectoryfieldisblank.Deleteanytextthatisinthisfield.ThissettingMUSTbeblankorthe.rwkfilesusedinthistrainingdatasetwillnotloadproperly.12 ClickApply,thenclickClose.InRoadswillusethisProjectDefaultdefinitionuntilitischanged.ThespecifiedpreferencefileisautomaticallyopenedwhenInRoadsisactivated.ThefolderlocationsbecomethedefaultswhenusingtheFile>OpenandFile>SaveAscommands.Surfaces(*.dtm): C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\GeometryProject(*.alg): C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\TemplateLibraries(*.itl): C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\RoadwayDesign(*.ird): C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 51ExerciseReferenceaBasemapExerciseReferenceaBasemapReferencingaSurveyDataBasemapAgraphicdrawingorbasemapofthesurveyareaiscommonlyprovidedforthedesignertouseasabackdropduringthedesignprocess.UsingMicroStation,thebasemapwillbereferencedtotheworkingfile.Byreferencingthebasemap,alloftheinformationinthebasemapisvisible;however,itcannotbemodified.AttachaReferenceFile1 FromtheMicroStationmenu,selectFile>References.TheReferencesdialogappears.2 SelectTools>Attach.3 BrowsetothefolderC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\TourofInRoads\Practice.4 SelectthePractice_Existing.dgnfile,andclickOK.TheReferenceAttachmentSettingsdialogappears.5 SelectCoincidentWorldintheOrientationlist.ATourofInRoads Jan201152 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseReferenceaBasemap6 ClickOktoattachthereference.TheReferencedialogappears.ItdisplaysthePracticeExisting.dgnfile,withitsattachmentmethodsettoCoincidentWorld.7 ClosetheReferencesdialog.YouwillnowviewtheattachedreferencefileintheMicroStationwindow.8 SelecttheFitViewiconintheMicroStationViewwindowtoolbar.ExitMicroStationandInRoadsbyclickingontheClosebuttonatthetoprightoftheMicroStationscreen.9 FromtheMicroStationmenuselectFile>SaveSettings.Thenexttimethefileisopened,theviewwillbesettoseethereferencefile.10 ExittheCADsoftware.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 53CreatingandSavingFilesCreatingandSavingFilesCreatingNewFilesNewInRoadsfilescanbecreatedbyselectingFile>NewfromtheInRoadsmenu.IntheNewdialogbox,usethetabstoselectthedatatypetocreate.Next,enterthedesiredName,completetheotherparameters,andselectApply.ThedataappearsintheWorkspaceBaroftheInRoadsExplorer(afteryouselecttheappropriatetab).WhenusingtheFile>Newcommand,thenewdataisstoredinvirtualmemory(loaded)inInRoads.ThedatacreationtoolsdonotstoretheInRoadsdatatothecomputerharddrive;thefilesonlyexistinvirtual(ortemporary)memory.Unlesssavedtodisk,thenewInRoadsdatawillbelostwhenInRoadsisclosed.ATourofInRoads Jan201154 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedCreatingandSavingFilesSavingFilesWhenanInRoadsdatafileiscreatedorloadedfromdisk,itresidesinvirtualmemory.Editingthisdatadoesnotsaveittotheharddrive.Thedataisheldinmemoryuntilacommandisexecutedtosavethedatatodisk.YoumustusetheSavecommandstoperiodicallysaveyourwork.IffilesareclosedorInRoadsisexitedbeforesaving,apromptwillappearaskingifyouwishtosavethefilebeforeexiting.InRoadsallowsyoutosavesurfacesandGeometryProjectsusingadifferentinternalnamethantheexternalname(orFilename). TheinternalfilenameisthenamegiventoadatatypewhenitiscreatedusingtheFile>Newcommand.ThisisalsothenamethatappearsintheInRoadsdialogboxes. TheexternalfilenameisthenamegiventothedatatypewhenitissavedonthediskusingtheFile>Savecommand.Theexternalfileshavetheextensions.algand.dtm.Forexample,youcancreateasurfaceusingtheFile>NewcommandandnameitExistingGround.WhenyousavethatsurfaceusingtheFile>Save>Surfacecommand,youcansaveittoafilenamedSR1045_Existing.dtm.WhenyouopenthefileSR1045_Existing.dtm,allreferencestothatsurfaceintheInRoadsdialogboxeswouldbeExistingGround.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyoukeeptheinternalandexternalnamesthesame.InRoadsautomaticallyusestheSaveAsfunctionalitywhensavingInRoadsdatathathasnotbeenpreviouslysaved,evenwhenusingtheFile>Savecommand.However,youcanoptionallyusetheFile>SaveAscommandifyouchoose.TheFile>Savecommandsavestheactivesurface,geometry,etc.TosavenonactivedatayoushouldusetheSaveAscommand,whichallowsyoutoselectthedatayouwanttosave.Jan2011 ATourofInRoadsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 55ClosingFilesandExitingInRoadsClosingFilesandExitingInRoadsClosingFilesAfilecanberemovedfromInRoadsvirtualmemorybyselectingFile>ClosefromtheInRoadsexplorermenu.Ifthefilehasbeenpreviouslysavedtodisk,theInRoadsdataispreservedinthediskfile.IftheInRoadsdatahasnotbeensavedtodisk,thedataislost.EachInRoadsdatafilecanbeclosedseparatelyoralltheInRoadsdatafilescanbeclosedatonetimebyselectingFile>Close>All.ExitingInRoadsToexitInRoads,selectFile>ExitfromtheInRoadsExplorer.IfdatathatiscurrentlyloadedinInRoadshasnotbeensavedtodisk,analertappearsaskingifthedatashouldbesaved.ClickYestosaveonlytheInRoadsdatashowninthealert.ClickYestoAlltosaveallcurrentlyloadedInRoadsdata.Ifthefilehasnotbeenpreviouslysavedtodisk,theSaveAsdialogboxappearssothatyoucanspecifythefilenameandfolder.ATourofInRoads Jan201156 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedClosingFilesandExitingInRoadsNOTE:IfyouareusingPowerInRoads,youcannotexitInRoadswhileleavingMicroStationopen.ClosebothapplicationsatthesametimebyclickingtheClosebuttonontheupperrightoftheMicroStationscreen.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 57IntroductiontoSurfacesInthischapter,wewilllearnaboutthebasicconceptsofSurfaces.Wewilldisplaythesurfacecontours,trianglesandfeaturesofaSurface.WewillalsolearnaboutthepropertiesofaSurface.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201158 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedObjectivesObjectivesInthislessonwewill... Learnaboutsurfacesandthetypesofdatathatdefinesasurface. Displaysurfacecontours,featuresandtriangles. Learnaboutthesurfaceproperties.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 59ObjectivesStartInRoadsorPowerInRoads1 DoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsiconorlaunchInRoads/PowerInRoadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.MicroStationappears.OpenaCADFile1 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoSurfaces\Practice\.2 SelectthefileViewSurface.dgn,thenclickOpen.OpenthePreferenceFile1 SelectthePreferencestabintheInRoadsExplorer.2 VerifythatthepreferencefileBentleyTraining.xinisintheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\folder.Thepreferencefileshouldbeautomaticallyopenedfromtheprojectdefaultspreviouslysetup.Ifthefileisopened,skiptothenexttopic(Surfaces).Ifthefileisnotloaded,completethefollowingsteps.3 SelectFile>OpenfromtheInRoadsmenu.4 ChangetheFilesoftypetoPreferences(*.xin).5 BrowsetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\folder.6 SelectthefileBentleyTraining.xinandclickOpen.7 ClickCanceltoclosethedialog.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201160 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSurfacesSurfacesSurfacesAsurfaceisarepresentationofthephysicalterrain.Surfacepointsareconnectedtogethertoformsurfacetriangles.Thisprocessisknownastriangulation.ThetermssurfaceandDigitalTerrainModel(DTM)canbeusedinterchangeably.Bothtermsrefertoatriangulatedmodelrepresentingaphysicalterrainsuchastheexistinggroundorproposeddesign.CurrentversionsofInRoadssoftwaretypicallyusethetermsurfaceinsteadofdigitalterrainmodelorDTM.However,manyothersoftwareapplicationsrefertotheirmodelsasdigitalterrainmodels.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 61SurfaceTriangulationSurfaceTriangulationSurfaceTriangulationTohaveknownelevationsthroughoutthesurface,thesurfacemustbetriangulated.YoucantriangulateasurfacebyselectingSurface>TriangulateSurface.Thiscommandformstrianglesfromthesurfacepointsbyactivatingthetriangulationalgorithm.Thisalgorithm,basedonDelaunay'scriteria,createssmall,triangularplanesthatdefinetheterrainsurface.Sincethex,y,zcoordinatesofeachtriangle'sverticesareknown,theelevationofanypointontheresultingtriangularplanecanbecomputedthroughinterpolation.TheMaximumLengthoptionisusedtolimitthelengthoftriangles.Changingthemaximumsegmentlengthautomaticallyremovesunwantedlongtriangles,whichspanacrossareaswheretheterraindataisunknown.Anytrianglewithasidelongerthanthemaximumsegmentlengthwillnotbecreatedinthesurface.Amaximumlengthofzeroallowsatriangleofanylengthtobecreated.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201162 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSurfaceFeaturesSurfaceFeaturesFeaturesInRoadsusesthetermfeaturetorefertothepointsandlinesthatarecontainedinasurface.Thefeatureswithinthesurfacedefinehoweachpointisdisplayedandhowitinfluencesthetriangulationofthesurface.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 63FeatureTypesFeatureTypesFeatureTypesAfeatureismadeofoneormorepoints.Thefeaturetypeaffectshowthetriangleswhichconnectthepointstogetherareformed.RandomRandomfeatures,alsocalledspotpoints,representnonuniformlyspacedpointsthathavenodirectrelationshiptootherpoints.Randomfeaturesarecommonlyfoundwhenthesurveyedareaconsistsofanopenfieldorgrassyarea,sincetherearenoidentifiableterrainfeatures.BreaklineBreaklinefeaturesrepresentalineardiscontinuityinasurfacesuchasaridge,ditch,edgeofpavement,centerline,orcurb.Thebreaklinefeaturetypespecifiesthatallpointsinthefeatureareconnectedasalinearsegment.Whenthesurfaceistriangulated,thetrianglesareformedsothatnotrianglelegcrossesanybreaklinefeatures.ThismaintainstheintegrityoftheslopeIntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201164 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedFeatureTypesbetweenbreaklinefeaturepointsduringtriangulation,resultinginamoreaccuratesurface.ContourContourfeaturesarelinearfeaturesthatcomefromcontourdata,whichiscommonlyavailablefrommappingagencies.Contourfeaturesaretriangulatedinthesamewayasbreaklinefeatures.SurfacescreatedfromcontourdataarenormallynotasaccurateassurfacescreatedfromBreaklineandRandomfeatures.InteriorInteriorfeaturesareclosedshapedlinearfeaturesthatrepresentavoidorholeinthesurface.Notrianglesareformedinsidetheinteriorfeatures,andtherecanbeunlimitedinteriorfeaturesinasinglesurface.Examplesinclude:buildingfootprints,lakes,andobscureareas.ExteriorExteriorfeaturesareclosedshapedlinearfeaturesthatformaboundaryaroundthesurface.Notrianglewillbeformedoutsidetheexteriorfeature.Anexteriorfeatureiscommonlyusedtopreventtrianglesfrombeingformedinareaswherethesurveydataisnotknown.Itisalsousedtomaintaincutandfilllinesonaproposeddesign.Therecanbeonlyoneexteriorfeatureinasinglesurface.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 65UsingBreaklineFeaturesUsingBreaklineFeaturesUsingBreaklineFeaturesToproduceanaccuratesurface,itistypicallynecessarytosupplementtherandomfeatureswithstringsorshapesofpointscollectedalonglinearbreaksintheground.Forexample,anexistinggroundsurfacewilllikelycontainlinestringsalongallmajorbreaksintheterrain,suchasedgesofroadway,edgesofwaterways,andsoon.Sincebreaklinefeaturesholdthelinearrelationshipbetweenpoints,breaklinesmoreaccuratelymodelthelinearfeaturesinasurface.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201166 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExteriorFeaturesExteriorFeaturesExteriorFeaturesExteriorfeatures(alsocalledexteriorboundaries)areclosedshapedlinearfeaturesthatformaboundaryaroundthesurface.Notriangleisformedoutsidetheexteriorfeature.Anexteriorfeatureiscommonlyusedtopreventtrianglesfrombeingformedinareaswherethesurveydataisnotknown.Itisalsousedtomaintaincutandfilllinesonaproposeddesign.Youcanonlyhaveoneexteriorfeatureinasinglesurface.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 67InteriorFeaturesInteriorFeaturesInteriorFeaturesInteriorfeaturesareclosedshapedlinearfeaturesthatrepresentavoidorholeinthesurface.Notrianglesareformedinsidetheinteriorfeatures.Youcanhaveunlimitedinteriorfeaturesinasinglesurface.Examplesinclude:buildingfootprints,lakes,andobscureareas.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201168 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedPreferenceSetsPreferenceSetsPreferenceAPreferenceisagroupofsettingsforanInRoadscommand.Thesesettingscanbesavedandthenretrievedatalatertime.Forexample,youcancreatetwoPreferencesetsfortheViewContourscommand,onecalledExistingSurface,andtheothercalledFinishedSurface,wherethefirstdisplayscontoursat5intervalsandtheotherat10intervals.YoucanassignaPreferencesettotheViewContourscommandforyourcurrentsession,byloadingthePreferencesetbeforerunningthecommand.Todothat,opentheViewCommandsdialogbox(selectSurface>ViewSurface>Contours),clickPreferences,selectthePreferencename,andclickLoad.OncethePreferencesetisopened,itremainsopenedforthatsession.Auserdefineddefaultpreferenceset(orPreferredPreference)isopenedwhenthedialogisfirstopened.YoucansetthepreferreddefaultpreferencebyselectingFile>ProjectDefaultsintheInRoadsmenuandsettingthePreferredPreferenceName.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 69TheStyleManagerTheStyleManagerTheStyleManagerTheStyleManagerisusedtoconfigurethewayInRoadsdisplaysgraphics.Itcontrolsthegraphicdisplay(symbology)ofsurfacefeatures,geometryfeaturesandsurveyfeatures.Italsocontrolswhetherthesefeaturesaredisplayedornot.TheStyleManageriswherestylesarecreatedandedited.ToaccesstheStyleManager,selectTools>StyleManager.ClickNeworEdittocreatenewFeatureStylesoreditexistingones.OnestylecanapplytoSurface,Geometry,andSurvey,andoncetheNewStyleorEditStyledialogboxopens,youcanaccessaleafforeachofthosefeaturetypes.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201170 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTheStyleManager(Contd)TheStyleManager(Contd)StyleManagerLeavesTherearefiveleavesontheleftpaneoftheEditStyleorNewStyledialog.TheSurfaceFeatures,GeometryFeatures,andSurveyFeaturesleavesallowyoutospecifyhowafeatureistobedisplayedwhenitoccursinsurfacedata,geometrydataorsurveydata.ThereisalsoaGeneralleafandaSymbologyleaf.GeneralLeafSpecifieswhichfeaturetheStylecanbeappliedto.SymbologyLeafSpecifiestheNamedSymbologyusedforthegraphicdisplay.SurfaceFeatureLeafTheSurfaceFeatureleafcontrolshowsurfacefeaturesaredisplayed.TheSettingsleafoftheSurfaceFeatureleafcontrolswhetherfeaturescanbedisplayedinthePlan,Profileand/orCrossSectionView.TheSymbologyleafJan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 71TheStyleManager(Contd)oftheSurfaceFeatureleafdefineswhichNamedSymbologywillbeusedfordisplayingthefeatureinthePlan,Profileand/orCrossSectionView.GeometryFeatureLeafTheGeometryFeatureleafcontrolshowgeometryfeaturesaredisplayed.GeometryhasfourleaveswhichcontrolhowPoints,Lines,ArcsandSpiralsaredisplayed.SurveyFeatureLeafTheSurveyFeatureleafcontrolshowsurveyfeaturesaredisplayed.TheStyleManagerisusedinconjunctionwithSurveyCodes.ThislinkiscoveredingreaterdetailinourInRoadsSurveyFundamentalsclass.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201172 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTheNamedSymbologyManagerTheNamedSymbologyManagerNamedSymbologyManagerANamedSymbologydefineshowapoint,line,ortextwillbedisplayedinCAD.NamedsymbologyisusedbytheStyleManagertodefinethedisplayofgraphics,controllingthecolor,level,weight,andlinestyleofdisplayedelements.Itcontrolsthedisplayoftext.Italsospecifieswhichcellsandsymbolswillbeusedtodisplaypoints.TheNamedSymbologyManagerisusedtocreateandeditnamedsymbologyinInRoads.ToaccesstheNamedSymbologyManager,selectTools>NamedSymbologyManager.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 73ExerciseViewSurfaceCommandsExerciseViewSurfaceCommandsInthisexercise,youwillopenasurfaceusingtwodifferentPreferenceSetsandcomparetheresultingcontourgraphics.Youwillalsoviewthesurfacetrianglesandsurfacefeatures.OpenaSurface1 SelectFile>OpenfromtheInRoadsmenu.2 OpenthesurfaceHemfieldExisting.dtmfromtheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_CommonReferences\folder.TheStatusBarsaysthefileHemfieldExisting.dtmisopen.3 ClickCanceltoclosethedialog.Thedialogstaysopensoyoucaneasilyloadmultiplesurfaces,orothertypesofInRoadsdata,inasingleoperation.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201174 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseViewSurfaceCommandsLoadaPreferenceSetandViewtheSurfaceContours1 SelectSurface>ViewSurface>Contours.TheViewContoursdialogopens.2 ClickPreferencesatthebottomofthedialog.3 SelecttheExistingSurfacepreference.4 ClickLoad.5 ClickClosetoclosethePreferencesdialog.6 ClickApply.Note:TheViewContoursdialogboxremainsopen.7 SelecttheMicroStationFitViewcommand.Noticethecontourgraphics.ChangethePreferenceSetandViewtheSurfaceContours1 ClickPreferencesintheViewContoursdialogbox.2 SelecttheFinishedSurfacepreference.3 ClickLoad.4 ClickClosetoclosethePreferencesdialog.5 ClickApply.6 ClosetheViewContoursdialog.Noticethedifferenceinthecontourgraphics.ViewtheSurfaceTriangles1 SelectSurface>ViewSurface>Triangles.2 ClickPreferences.3 SelecttheExistingSurfacePreference.4 ClickLoad.5 ClickClosetoclosethePreferencesdialog.6 ClickApply.7 ClickClosetoclosetheViewTrianglesdialog.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 75ExerciseViewSurfaceCommandsViewtheSurfaceFeatures1 SelectFile>OpenfromtheInRoadsmenu.2 OpenthesurfaceExistingSurvey.dtmfromtheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_CommonReferences\folder.ExistingSurveyisnowtheactivesurface.3 ClickCanceltoclosethedialog.4 SelectSurface>ViewSurface>Features.5 ClickApply.6 ClickClosetoclosetheViewFeaturesdialog.7 SelecttheMicroStationFitViewcommand.Noticethedisplayofthetwodifferentsurfacesyouhaveloaded.8 SelectSurface>FitSurface.TheviewzoomstoshowtheactivesurfacewhichiscurrentlytheExistingSurveysurface.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201176 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSurfacePropertiesSurfacePropertiesSurfacePropertiesImmediatelyafterloadingasurface,youshouldreviewthesurfacespropertiestoquicklyverifythesurface.ToaccesstheSurfacePropertiesdialogbox,rightclickonthenameofthesurfaceintheWorkspaceBaroftheInRoadsExplorerandselectProperties.AnotherwaytoaccesstheSurfacePropertiescommandistoselectSurface>SurfaceProperties.Youcanonlyreviewthepropertiesofonesurfaceatatime.YoucanchangethenameofthedisplayedsurfaceherebyenteringthenewnameandclickingApply.AdvanceTabTheadvancedtabincludespickliststodefinetheNamedSymbologydefinitionfordisplayingthesurfaceoncrosssectionsandprofiles.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 77ExerciseSurfaceReviewExerciseSurfaceReviewReviewtheSurfaceProperties1 SelectSurface>SurfaceProperties.TheSurfacePropertiesdialogboxappears.2 EnsurethatHemfieldExistingisshownintheSurfacefield.TheSurfacefieldshowstheactivesurface.Selectingadifferentsurfacenamesetsthatsurfaceastheactivesurface.3 ReviewtheMinimumandMaximumcoordinatesinthelowerleftcornerofthedialogbox.CreateaReviewSurfaceReport1 ClickReport,andreviewtheresults.2 SelectSaveAs.3 EnterHemfieldExisting.txtfortheFilename.4 SavethefiletotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoSurfaces\Practice\folder.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201178 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseSurfaceReviewExitInRoads1 ClosetheResultsdialog.2 ClosetheSurfacePropertiesdialog.3 ExittheCADsoftware.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 79CollectingSurfaceDataCollectingSurfaceDataCollectingSurfaceDataFieldsurveys,aerialphotography,andcontourmapsareallsourcesforcollectingsurfacedata.Generally,themostaccuratedatacomesfromfieldsurveys.Whileallmethodsofcollectingsurfacedataarevalid,thedesignprojecttypedictatestheaccuracyandlevelofdetailrequired.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201180 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedImportingSurfaceDataImportingSurfaceDataThefollowingarewaystobringsurfacedataintoInRoads:InRoadsSurveyTheeasiestmethodforimportingsurfacedataintoInRoadsistheInRoadsSurveyapplication.UsingInRoadsSurvey,therawdatafromthesurveydatacollectorisimportedandprocessed.Asurfacecanbecreateddirectlyfromtheprocesseddata.DEMImportThiscommandloadsDigitalElevationModel(DEM)dataintoasurface.DEMdataoffersawaytocreatesurfacemodelswheredetailedsurveyaccuracyisnotrequired.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 81ImportingSurfaceDataTextImportWizardTheTextImportWizardallowsyouimportsurfacedatainavarietyofASCIIformats.TheTextImportWizardisflexiblebecauseyoucandescribetheformatofthefilesyouareimporting.ImportSurfaceFromGraphicsTheImportSurfaceFromGraphicscommandallowsyoutocreatesurfacesfrom3DCADgraphics.ImportingsurfacedatafromgraphicsisawidelyusedmethodofbringingsurfacedataintoInRoads.LandXMLLandXMLisaspecializedXMLdatafileformatcontainingcivilengineeringandsurveydatacommonlyusedinthelanddevelopmentandtransportationindustries.TheLandXMLfileformatprovidesthefollowingcapabilities: Transferringengineeringdesigndatabetweenproducersandconsumers Providingadataformatsuitableforlongtermdataarchival ProvidingastandardformatforelectronicdesignsubmissionSurfaceCreationandEditingisnottaughtinthiscourse.SurfaceCreationandEditingstepbystepexercisesareavailableinothercourses.Pleasevisitwww.bentley.com/LearningPathstoreviewtheseadditionaltrainingoptions.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201182 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedFeaturePropertiesFeaturePropertiesFeaturePropertiesTheFeaturePropertiestoolisusedtoviewandeditthepropertiesoffeaturesstoredinthesurfacefile.Toaccessthefeaturepropertiestool,selectSurface>Feature>FeatureProperties.Alistofindividualfeaturesstoredinthesurfacearedisplayedinthedialogbox.Remember,allcoordinatepointsusedforasurfacemustbestoredasafeature.FeatureNameEveryfeatureinasurfacehasaname.Eachfeaturenameinasurfacemustbeunique.Forexample,inasurfacetheremightbefouredgeofpavementfeatures,buttheycannotallhavethenameEOP.Therefore,thefeaturenamescouldbecalledEOP1,EOP2,EOP3,andEOP4.Eachfeaturehasanassociatedfeaturestyle,whichdescribeshowandwhereafeaturewilldisplay.Forexample,allfouredgeofpavementfeaturescouldhaveaJan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 83FeaturePropertiesfeaturestylenamedExist_EOP.Allfouredgesofpavementwouldthenlookthesame,eventhoughtheirnamesaredifferent,becausetheyareusingthesamefeaturestyle.TriangulationOneofthepropertiesofafeatureisthefeaturetype.ThefeaturetypecanbeRandom,Breakline,Contour,InteriororExterior.Anothertriangulationpropertyiswhetherthefeatureisincludedinthetriangulatedmodel.WhentheExcludefromTriangulationoptionisselected,InRoadswillnotincludetheselectedfeaturewhenbuildingatriangulatedmodel.Acommonuseforthisisundergroundoroverheadutilities.Theutilitystillexistsinthesurface,butitdoesnotaffectthetriangulationofthesurface.IntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201184 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSummaryandReviewSummaryandReviewSummaryYouarenowableto: Understandsurfacesandthetypesofdatathatdefinesasurface. Displaysurfacecontours,featuresandtriangles. Understandandusesurfaceproperties.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 85SummaryandReviewQuestions:Beforecontinuing,letsreinforcewhatyouhavelearned.1 TrueorFalse:AnInRoadssurfaceisarepresentationofthephysicalterrain. True False2 Listthreetypesofsurfacefeatures.1__________2__________3__________3 TrueorFalse:Namedsymbologydefineshowgraphicsaredisplayed. True False4 TrueorFalse:NamedsymbologyisdefinedusingtheStyleManager. True FalseIntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201186 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSummaryandReviewAnswers:1 TrueorFalse:Asurfaceisarepresentationofthephysicalterrain.TrueAnInRoadssurfaceisadigitalterrainmodelofthephysicalterrain.Commonlyasurfaceiscreatedtomodeltheexistingororiginalgroundterrainandanothersurfacetomodeltheproposedordesignterrain.2 Listthreetypesofsurfacefeatures.Therearefivetypesofsurfacefeatures.Eachtypeofsurfacefeaturehasaspecialbehaviorandpurpose.1Random2Breakline3Contour4Interior5Exterior3 TrueorFalse:Namedsymbologydefineshowgraphicsaredisplayed.TrueNamedsymbologydefinesthegraphicdisplaypropertiesforlinear,text,andpointelements.Oncedefined,elementsassociatedwiththenamedsymbologywillalwaysappearthesame.Namedsymbologyisaverypowerfultoolusedtomaintaindesignanddraftingstandards.Namedsymbologyisstoredinthe.xinpreferencefile.4 TrueorFalse:NamedsymbologyisdefinedusingtheStyleManager.FalseNamedsymbologyisdefinedusingtheNamedSymbologyManager.However,thenamedsymbologydefinitionsarethenassociatedwithstylesdefinedusingtheStyleManager.Itisthestylethatisassociatedwiththeelement.Boththenamedsymbologyandstyledefinitionsarestoredinthe.xinpreferencefile.Jan2011 IntroductiontoSurfacesCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 87ProjectTaskProjectTaskTaskObjectiveDisplaytheexistinggroundcontoursanddesignsurfacefeatures.GivenDataProjectFilesDescription NamePreferenceFile: C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\BentleyTraining.xinFileLocation C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\Task\Graphics: MeadowParkWorking.dgnDesign: MeadowParkProposed.dtmExist.Ground: C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_CommonReferences\MeadowParkExisting.dtmIntroductiontoSurfaces Jan201188 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedProjectTaskRequirements CloseandrestarttheCADsoftwareiftheyarerunningfromapreviousexercise. OpentheworkingCADfile. Opentheexistinggroundandproposeddesignsurfaces. DisplaythecontoursoftheexistinggroundsurfaceusingtheExistingSurfacepreference. RedisplaythecontoursoftheexistinggroundsurfaceusinganIntervalof5[1.5M]. Displaythefeaturesoftheproposeddesignsurface. UsetheMicroStationViewAttributesdialogtodisabletheFilloption.(Settings>ViewAttributes)AssistanceVideoVideosdemonstratinghowtocompletethisprojectareavailableifyouneedassistance.1 FromtheInRoadsmenu,selectHelp>Training.2 SelectRoadFundamentalsusingInRoadsfortheLearningModule.*3 SelecttheIntrotoSurfacesfolder.4 Doubleclickonthevideotoview.*IfthecoursenamedoesnotappearintheLearningModule,thesearchpathforthetrainingvideosneedstobedefined.ThisisdonebyselectingFile>TrainingDirectoryandbrowsingtothec:\BentleyTraining\Videos\folder.Questions WhatarethehighestandlowestelevationsoftheExistingGroundSurface? HowmanybreaklinepointsareintheDesignSurface?TimeAllowed15MinutesCleanupWhenfinishedexittheCADsoftware.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 89IntroductiontoGeometryInthischapter,wewilllearnaboutthebasicconceptsofGeometry.WewilllearnaboutthestructureoftheGeometryProjectfile.Wewillimportahorizontalalignmentfromgraphicsandsetthestartingstationforthealignment.Wewilldisplaythehorizontalalignmentstationingandannotatethealignment.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan201190 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedWhereAreWeintheBigPicture?WhereAreWeintheBigPicture?Atthispointintheprojectwehavedonethefollowing: SetuptheCADfile Setupprojectdefaults AnalyzedtheexistingdataNow,wearereadytocreategeometrieswhichwillinvolvethefollowingtasks: Createhorizontalgeometry. Createexistinggroundprofilesandcrosssections. Createverticalgeometry.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 91ObjectivesObjectivesInthislessonwewill... LearnaboutGeometryProjects. Learnhowtodisplaygeometry. Createhorizontalalignmentsfromgraphics.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan201192 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedObjectivesStartInRoadsorPowerInRoads1 DoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsiconorlaunchInRoads/PowerInRoadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.MicroStationappears.OpenaCADFile1 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoGeometry\Practice\.2 SelectthefileImportAlignmentGraphic.dgn,thenclickOpen.OpeningthePreferenceFile1 SelectthePreferencestabintheInRoadsExplorer.2 VerifythatthepreferencefileBentleyTraining.xinintheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\folderisloaded.ThepreferencefileshouldhaveautomaticallyopenedbecauseoftheProjectDefaultspreviouslysetup.Ifso,skipthefollowingstepsandcontinuetothenexttopic(WhatisaGeometryProject?).Ifthefileisnotloaded,completethefollowingsteps.3 SelectFile>OpenfromtheInRoadsmenu.4 BrowsetothepathC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\.5 SelectthePreferencefileBentleyTraining.xinandclickOpen.6 ClickCanceltodismissthedialog.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 93WhatisaGeometryProject?WhatisaGeometryProject?GeometryProjectTheGeometryProjectcontainsgeometryelements,whichincludecoordinategeometrypoints,horizontalalignments,andverticalalignments.ThefileextensionfortheGeometryProjectis.alg.Inadditiontothegeometryelements,theGeometryProjectalsostoresstationinginformationforthealignmentsincludingthestartingstationandstationequations,aswellasimportantpointsalongthealignmentknownasEventPoints.EventPointsareamethodoflocatingimportantlocationsalonganalignment.Thesepointsareeitherbasedonastationandoffsetoronfixedcoordinates.Thestationandoffsetmethodallowsthepointtomoveasthealignmentdefinitionischanged.Fixedcoordinateeventpointsdonotmovewhenthealignmentischanged.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan201194 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedGeometryProjectStructureGeometryProjectStructureGeometryProjectStructureAGeometryProjectissimilarinconcepttoadatabase.Itstoresandorganizespointinformation.TheremaybeseveralGeometryProjectsopenedinInRoads,butonlyonecanreceiveinputatatime.ThisiscalledtheactiveGeometryProject.AgeometryprojectisorganizedintohierarchalcategoriesstartingwiththeCOGOpointbufferandhorizontalalignments.OnlyonealignmentcanbemanipulatedwithinaGeometryProjectatatime.Thisiscalledtheactivealignment.VerticalAlignments,andHorizontalAlignmentEventPoints,arestoredaschildrenofthehorizontalalignments.Verticaleventpointsarechildrentoverticalalignments.Asshowninthediagramabove,multiplehorizontalalignmentscanexistinaGeometryProject.Eachhorizontalalignmentcanhavemultiplechildverticalalignments.Eachhorizontalalignmentmusthaveauniquename.Geometrynamesarecasesensitive.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 95OpeningInRoadsFilesOpeningInRoadsFilesOpeningaGeometryProjectReviewToopenageometryproject,selectFile>Open.MorethanoneGeometryProjectcanbeloadedatatime.WhenyouselecttheGeometrytablocatedinthebottomoftheWorkspaceBar,thenameofthegeometryprojectisvisibleintheInRoadsExplorer.ActiveGeometryLikesurfaces,theactiveGeometryProjectisindicatedbyaredrectanglearoundtheicon.Thisconceptisextendedtothehorizontalandverticalalignmentscontainedinthegeometryproject.Youcanonlyhaveoneactivehorizontalalignmentandoneactiveverticalalignmentatatime.Althoughyoucanviewmorethanonealignmentatatime,theactivehorizontalandverticalalignmentsaretheonlyonesthatcanbeedited.SomeInRoadstoolsonlyworkontheactivealignment,whileothersallowyoutoselecttheactivealignmentinthetooldialogbox.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan201196 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedWhatisaHorizontalAlignment?WhatisaHorizontalAlignment?HorizontalAlignmentsAhorizontalalignmentisaseriesoflinearelementsandcircularelements.Together,theelementsformanalignment.Ahorizontalalignmentisusedtodefinethingssuchasaroadcenterline,arightofwayline,andpropertyboundaries.HorizontalalignmentsarestoredintheGeometryProject.AhorizontalalignmentisachildoftheGeometryproject.EachGeometryProjectcanhaveoneormanyhorizontalalignments.ThenameofeachhorizontalalignmentwithinaGeometryProjectmustbeunique.Alignmentscanbestationed.Whenahorizontalalignmentiscreated,stationingisautomaticallyassigned.Thestationingstartsat0+00,butitcanbechangedtoanystartingstation.Wewillseehowstationingisdefinedforanalignmentlaterinthischapter.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 97TypesofGeometryTypesofGeometryTypesofGeometryGeometryProjectsandalignmentarecreatedusingtheFile>Newcommand.Tocreategeometry,selecttheGeometrytab.Thiscommandallocatesmemoryforanewgeometryprojectoralignment.YoumustcreateaGeometryProject,followedbycreatingaHorizontalAlignmentbeforeyoucancreategeometrydata.Thefirstoptiononthedialogboxdefinesthetypeofgeometrynamebeingcreated.TheoptionsincludeaGeometryProject,HorizontalAlignment,andVerticalAlignment.ThereisaparentchildrelationshipbetweenGeometryProjects,HorizontalAlignments,andVerticalAlignments.Whenahorizontalalignmentiscreated,itbecomesachildoftheactivegeometryproject.Likewise,anewverticalalignmentbecomesachildoftheactivehorizontalalignment.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan201198 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTypesofGeometryEnteringadescriptionfortheGeometryProjectoralignmentisrecommended.Itwillhelpyouidentifywhichfiletouse,asyoumighthaveseveralfilesloadedatonetime.Whencreatinghorizontalandverticalalignments,theStyleandCurveDefinitiondialogboxfieldsareactivated.ThestyledefineshowthegeometrywillappearwhendisplayedintheCADfile.Thecurvedefinitiondefineshowthehorizontalorverticalcurvesaredefinedmathematically.Therearemanywaystocreateandeditahorizontalalignment.Wewillcoversomeofthemostcommonlyusedmethodsinthiscourse.Inthislesson,wewillcreateahorizontalalignmentfromagraphicelementintheCADfile.Inalaterlesson,welearntocreateandedithorizontalalignmentsusinghorizontalPIsandcurves.Thereisalsoanoptionallessonthatintroducesyoutocreatinggeometryelements.GeometryiscreatedfromgraphicelementsusingtheFile>Import>Geometrycommand.Thetypesofgeometrythatcanbecreatedbyimportinggeometryfromgraphicsinclude: HorizontalAlignment VerticalAlignment HorizontalandVerticalAlignment COGOPoints EventPointsJan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 99TypesofGraphicsThatCanBeImportedTypesofGraphicsThatCanBeImportedTypeofGraphicsThatCanBeImportedThetypesofgraphicelementsthatcanbeimportedare: Lines Linestrings Arcs Curvestrings(strokedusingchordheighttolerance) Shapes Complexlinestrings Complexshapesmadefromelementsinthislist BSplines(strokedusingchordheighttolerance)Thegraphicalelementtypeslistedabovecanbeusedforhorizontalandverticalalignments.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011100 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedAlignmentIntegrityAlignmentIntegrityAlignmentIntegrityIfpossible,itisbesttoconnectthealignmentgraphicsintoasingleelement,suchasacomplexchain,beforeimporting.Thisensuresthatallthelinesandcurvesgetimportedintoasinglehorizontalalignmentandthattheelementsarecontinuous.InRoadscanimportseparategraphicelementsandcombinethemintoasinglealignment;however,creatingacomplexchainaccomplishesthesameresults.Ifyouareimportinganalignmentcontainingnontangentialcirculararcsandthealignmentwascreatedfromgraphics,youmayencounterrestrictionsifyoutrytoeditthealignment.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 101ExerciseImportAlignmentfromGraphicsExerciseImportAlignmentfromGraphicsCreateaNewGeometryProject1 SelectFile>New.2 ClicktheGeometrytab.3 EnterHemfieldfortheGeometryProjectname.4 FortheDescription,enterHemfieldRoad.5 ClickApply,thenclickClose.AnewGeometryProjectiscreated.ImporttheHorizontalAlignmentFromGraphicsNowthataGeometryProjecthasbeencreated,thenewhorizontalalignmentwillbecreatedinthisGeometryProject.Thegraphicelementbeingimportingisacomplexchain.1 SelectFile>Import>Geometry.2 EnsurethattheFromGraphicstabisselected.3 EnsurethattheTypeissettoHorizontalAlignment.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011102 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseImportAlignmentfromGraphics4 EnterHemfieldRdfortheNameandHemfieldRoadExistingAlignmentfortheDescription.5 SelectE_Road_PavementCLfortheStyle.6 ClickApply.7 Selecttheyellowelementontheleftintheview.Youcanselectanywhereonthegraphic;theresultingalignmentwillbethesame.InRoadsreadsthegraphicinthedirectionitwasoriginallydrawn.8 ClickagainontheCADviewtoacceptthehighlightedgraphic.9 Rightclicktoexitthegraphicselectionmode.Thenewalignmentiscreated.ReviewtheHorizontalAlignment1 SelectGeometry>ReviewHorizontal.2 Reviewthealignment.Noticethatthestartingstationis0+00[0+000].3 ClosetheReviewHorizontaldialog.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 103HorizontalAlignmentsHorizontalAlignmentsStationingThefirsttimeyoucreateahorizontalalignment,thebeginningstationis0+00[0+000].Youcanassignadifferentbeginningstationusingthestationingtool(Geometry>HorizontalCurveSet>Stationing).Thisstationingcommanddefinestheactivealignmentsstartingstation.Allalignmentstationequationscanbecreatedusingthistool.ReviewHorizontalAlignmentItishelpfultoreviewyourdesigngeometrically.AquickwaytoreviewthealignmentistorightclickonthehorizontalalignmentintheInRoadsExplorerandselectReview.Thiscommanddisplaysdetailedinformationaboutthehorizontalalignment.Thealignmentreportcanbeprinted,savedordisplayedintheCADfile.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011104 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedHorizontalAlignmentsSaveGeometryProjectInRoadsdoesntautomaticallysaveadditionsormodificationstotheGeometryProjectfile.AnychangesarestoredinvirtualmemoryandarenotwrittentotheharddiskuntiltheFile>SaveAscommandisused.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 105ExerciseDefineStationingExerciseDefineStationingDefinetheBeginningStation1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>Stationing.EnsurethatHemfieldRdisselectedfromtheHorizontalAlignmentlist.Bydefault,theactivehorizontalalignmentisselected.2 Enter10+00[1+000]fortheStartingStation.3 ClickApply,thenclickClose.ReviewtheHorizontalAlignment1 SelectGeometry>ReviewHorizontal(orrightclickonthehorizontalalignmentintheInRoadsExplorerwindowandselectReview).Thealignmentreportappears.2 SelectElementastheMode.NoticethatthefirstgraphicelementishighlightedintheCADviewandthereportislimitedtothatsingleelement.3 ClickNexttostepthrougheachelementinthealignment.4 Whenfinished,closetheReviewHorizontalAlignmentdialog.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011106 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseDefineStationingSavetheGeometryProject1 SelectFile>SaveAs.2 SelectGeometryProjects(*.alg)fromtheSaveasTypefield.3 NavigatetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoGeometry\Practice\folder.4 EnterHemfield.algastheFileName.5 ClickSave,thenclickCancel.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 107HorizontalAlignmentAnnotationHorizontalAlignmentAnnotationViewStationingHorizontalalignmentstationingisdisplayedintheCADfileusingtheGeometry>ViewGeometry>Stationingtool.Thistoolcontrolsthedisplayofstationannotationtextalongtheactivehorizontalalignment.Stationsareplacedalongahorizontalalignmentataspecifiedinterval.HorizontalAlignmentAnnotationTheGeometry>ViewGeometry>HorizontalAnnotationcommandisusedtoannotateahorizontalalignmentwithcurveandtangentdata.ThiscommandisalsousedtoviewandannotateCOGOpoints.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011108 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedHorizontalAlignmentAnnotationActiveGeometryProject/HorizontalAlignmentReviewRemember,youcanopenorcreateseveralGeometryProjects.OnlyoneGeometryProjectcanbeworkedonatatime.ThisiscalledtheactiveGeometryProject.IntheInRoadsExplorer,theactiveGeometryProjectisshownwitharedboxsurroundingtheicons.NumeroushorizontalandverticalalignmentscanbecreatedinasingleGeometryProject.JustlikeGeometryProjects,onlyonehorizontalandverticalalignmentcanbeactiveatatime.Theactivealignmentsarealsoshownwitharedboxsurroundingtheicons.RenameGeometryTheRenameGeometryallowsyoutochangethenameofageometryprojectandanyofthechildrenofageometryproject,suchasthehorizontalalignmentand/ortheverticalalignmentname.TheRenameGeometrycommandisalsousedtochangethestyleofanalignment.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 109Locate/GraphicSelectButtonLocate/GraphicSelectButtonTheTargetbuttonorGraphicSelectbuttonisavailableonmanydialogs.ItallowsyoutographicallyselecttheelementorpointsfromtheCADviewtodefinetheinformationfromthatportionofthedialog.Forexample,youcouldgraphicallypicktwopointstodefinetheMaximumLengthofthetriangleleg.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011110 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseViewHorizontalAnnotationExerciseViewHorizontalAnnotationAnnotatetheHorizontalAlignment1 SelectGeometry>ViewGeometry>HorizontalAnnotation.TheViewHorizontalAnnotationdialogopens.2 ClicktheGraphicSelectbuttontotherightoftheHorizontalAlignmentsIncludefield.3 SelecttheyellowelementontheleftintheCADview.Thenearestalignmentisfoundandhighlighted.4 ClickanywhereintheCADViewtoAcceptthehighlightedalignment.TheHemfieldRdalignmentisaddedtothehorizontalalignmentlistintheViewHorizontalAnnotationdialog.5 ClickApply,thenclickClose.ThealignmenttangentsandcurvesareannotatedbasedontheStyleassociatedwiththealignment.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 111ExerciseViewHorizontalAnnotationViewtheStationing1 SelectGeometry>ViewGeometry>Stationing.Noticethattheactivealignment,HemfieldRd,appearsintheHorizontalAlignmentfield.Ifthecorrectalignmentwasnotalreadyactive,itcanbeselectedfromthepicklist.2 ClickApplyandclickClose.ThestationingisdisplayedintheCADdrawing.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011112 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedViewGeometryOptionsViewGeometryOptionsGeometryViewOptionsTheViewGeometryOptionsallowyoutospecifywhichtypeofannotationisautomaticallyupdatedwhengeometryismodified.Whenselected,InRoadswillautomaticallyupdatethefollowingannotation: HorizontalElements VerticalElements ClosedAreas Stationing CurveSets VerticalChangeinPlan ViewRegressionPointsIfaspecifictypeofannotationisnotselected,annotationcanbemanuallyupdatedusingtheviewannotationcommand.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 113ViewGeometryOptionsTheappearanceoftheannotationiscontrolledbyeachGeometry>Viewcommandspreferencesbyusingthealignmentsstyleandviewcommandpreference.Forexample,youmayhaveanalignmentwithastylecalledDesignCenterline.Ifyoucheckedthatyouwanttoupdatethestationing,thenyoumustsaveaViewstationpreferencecalledDesignCenterline.Ifsuchapreferenceisdefined,thenInRoadsdisplaysandannotatesthestationingbaseduponthesettingsforDesignCenterline.InRoadsdoesnotlookatthesettingsforViewStationingthatareinmemory.Thepreferencemustexistondiskorthesoftwaresilentlyskipsthestationingannotation.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011114 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseCreateAnotherAlignmentwithaDifferentStyleExerciseCreateAnotherAlignmentwithaDifferentStyleChangetheViewGeometryOptions1 SelectGeometry>ViewGeometry>Options.2 Makesureallthegeometryoptionsareselected.3 ClickApply,thenclickClose.ImporttheHorizontalAlignmentFromGraphics1 SelectFile>Import>Geometry.2 EnsurethattheFromGraphicstabisselected.3 EnsurethattheTypeissettoHorizontalAlignment.4 EnterRoad2fortheNameandRoad2fortheDescription.5 SelectP_COGO_MainCLfortheStyle.6 ClickApply.7 Selecttheredelementontherightintheview.Youcanselectanywhereonthegraphic;theresultingalignmentwillbethesame.InRoadsreadsthegraphicinthedirectionitwasoriginallydrawn.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 115ExerciseCreateAnotherAlignmentwithaDifferentStyle8 ClickagainanywhereontheCADviewtoacceptthehighlightedgraphic.Thenewalignmentiscreated.9 Rightclicktoexitthegraphicselectionmode.10 ClosetheImportGeometrydialog.ViewtheStationingandAnnotation1 Deletetheredelementontheright.2 IntheInRoadsExplorer,rightclickontheRoad2alignment,andselectView.NoticethattheStationingandAnnotationaredisplayedautomaticallyintheCADview.3 SelectGeometry>ViewGeometry>Stationing.4 ClickPreferences.NoticethatapreferenceexistscalledP_COGO_MainCL,whichisthesamenameasthealignmentstyleforRoad2.Thestationingandannotationtextwillalsoautomaticallyupdatewhenthealignmentismodified.5 ClosethePreferencedialogandtheViewStationingdialog.ChangethestylefortheHemfieldRoadAlignment1 SelectGeometry>RenameGeometry.2 SettheTypetoHorizontalAlignment.3 IntheFromareasettheGeometryProjecttoHemfield.4 Inthealignmentlistinthecenterofthedialog,selectHemfieldRd.5 IntheToarea,changetheStyletoP_COGO_MainCL.6 ClickApply.AnAlertwilldisplayconfirmingyouwanttochangethegeometry.7 ClickYes.8 ClickClose.9 OntheleftsideoftheInRoadsExplorer,rightclickontheHemfieldRdAlignmentandselectViewAllHorizontals.Thealignmentupdateswiththenewstyleandannotation.DeletetheRoad2Alignment1 OnrightsideoftheInRoadsExplorer,rightclickontheRoad2alignmentandselectDelete.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011116 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseCreateAnotherAlignmentwithaDifferentStyle2 Analertboxwilldisplay.ClickYes.3 SavetheGeometryProjectbyselectingFile>Save>GeometryProject.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 117TheProjectFileTheProjectFileTheProjectfile(.rwk)isusedtoopenandsavemultipleInRoadsdatafilesinasingleoperation.UsingaProjectfileisveryhelpfulbecauseanentireprojectcanbeloadedorsavedinasingleoperation.WithouttheuseofProjectfiles,loadingorsavingaprojectinvolveskeepingtrackofmanyindividualfiles.BeforeaProjectfileiscreated,theindividualInRoadsdatafiles(Surfaces,GeometryProjects,TemplateLibraries,etc.)mustbeopenedorcreatedandsavedtothedisk.TheProjectfileisalistoftheindividualInRoadsdatafilestoloadandsave.TheProjectfileitselfdoesnotcontainanyInRoadsdata.ItisanASCIIfilethatpointstothelocationoftheInRoadsfiles.TocreateanInRoadsProjectfile,selectFile>SaveAsfromtheInRoadsmenu.ThiswillbringuptheSaveAsdialog.OntheSaveAsdialog,selectOptions.ThisbringsuptheProjectoptionsdialog.TheProjectOptionsdialogisusedtoselectwhichInRoadsdatafilestoaddtotheProjectfile.TheavailableInRoadsdatatypesareseparatedbytabs.AllcurrentlyloadedInRoadsdatafilesarelistedwhenatabisselected.ToincludeanInRoadsdatafileintheProjectfile,selecttheAddand/orUpdateboxnexttothedesiredInRoadsIntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011118 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedTheProjectFiledatafile.TheAddoptionindicatesthattheProjectfilewillopenthefile.TheUpdateoptionindicatesthattheProjectfilewillsavethefile.ToopenanexistingProjectfile(*.rwk),selecttheFile>OpencommandandselectProjectastheFilesofType.BrowseandselecttheProjectfile(.rwk)andclickOK.ThiswillopenallInRoadsfileslistedintheProjectfile.TosavealldatafilesinaProjectfile,selecttheFile>Save>Projectcommand.ThiswillsavetheactualInRoadsdatafileswhentheUpdateoptionisselected.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 119ExerciseCreateaProjectFileExerciseCreateaProjectFileCreateaProjectFile1 SelectFile>SaveAs.2 SetSaveasTypetoProjects(*.rwk).3 ClickOptions.Bydefault,theProjectOptionsdialogopenstotheSurfacestab.4 SelecttheGeometryProjecttab.5 SelecttheAddandUpdateoptionsnexttotheGeometryProjectnamedHemfieldandclickOK.6 NavigatetotheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntroToGeometry\Practice\folder.7 EnterPracticeIntrotoGeometry.rwkastheFileName.8 ClickSaveandthenCancel.9 ExittheCADsoftware.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011120 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSummaryandReviewSummaryandReviewSummaryYouarenowableto: UnderstandanduseGeometryProjects. Displaygeometry. Createhorizontalalignmentsfromgraphics.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 121SummaryandReviewQuestions:Beforecontinuing,letsreinforcewhatyouhavelearned.1 ThefileextensionforanInRoadsGeometryProjectis:A.xinB.algC.dtmD.rwk2 TrueorFalse:Analignmentnamemustbedefinedbeforeanyalignmentelementsorpointscanbedefined. True False3 Thefirsttimeyoucreateahorizontalalignment,thebeginningstationis____.A0+00[0+000]B10+00[1+000]C20+00[2+000]D12+23[1+223]4 TrueorFalse:TheProjectfile(.rwk)isusedtoopenandsavemultipleInRoadsdatafilesinasingleoperation. True FalseIntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011122 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSummaryandReviewAnswers:1 ThefileextensionforanInRoadsGeometryProjectis.B.alg2 TrueorFalse:Analignmentnamemustbedefinedbeforeanyalignmentelementsorpointscanbedefined.TrueYoumustcreateanalignmentnamebeforeanygeometryelementscanbedefined.Thegeometrynameiscreatedintheactivegeometryprojectbutitisnotsavedtotheharddriveautomatically.YoumustsavethegeometryprojectusingtheFile>SaveAscommand.3 Thefirsttimeyoucreateahorizontalalignment,thestartingstationis____.A0+00[0+000]Allhorizontalalignmentsbeginatstation0+00[0+000]bydefault.ThestartingstationcanbechangedwiththeGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>Stationingtool.4 TrueorFalse:TheProjectfile(.rwk)isusedtoopenandsavemultipleInRoadsdatafilesinasingleoperation.TrueTheProjectfile(.rwk)isaconvenientmethodofopeningandsavingmultipledatafilesinasingleoperation.TheProjectfileiscreatedwiththeFile>SaveAscommand.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 123MeadowParkDriveProjectTaskMeadowParkDriveProjectTaskTaskObjectiveImporttheMeadowParkDriveexistinghorizontalalignmentfromgraphics.AnnotatetheMeadowParkDrivealignment.GivenDataProjectFilesDescription NamePreferenceFile: C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_Standards\BentleyTraining.xinFileLocation C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoGeometry\Task\Graphics: MeadowParkWorking.dgnInRoadsProject: TaskIntrotoGeometry.rwkExistingGround: C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\_CommonReferences\MeadowParkExisting.dtmIntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011124 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveProjectTaskRequirements CloseandrestarttheCADsoftwareiftheyarerunningfromapreviousexercise. OpentheworkingCADfile. OpentheProjectfile(.rwk). CreateanewGeometryProjectnamedMeadowPark. ImporttheredcomplexchainthatrepresentsthecenterlineoftheroadasahorizontalalignmentnamedMeadowParkDrive.UseP_COGO_MainCLastheStyle. SetthebeginningstationofMeadowParkDriveto15+51.15[1+551.15]. Displaythehorizontalalignment,stationing,andannotation. Whenfinished,savethenewGeometryProjectasC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\IntrotoGeometry\Task\MeadowPark.alg. AddthenewMeadowPark.algtotheprojectfileTaskIntrotoGeometry.rwk.SelecttheAddandUpdateoptionsforthenewlycreatedGeometryProject.Whenaskedifyouwishtooverwritetheexistingfile,clickYes.AssistanceVideoVideosdemonstratinghowtocompletethisprojectareavailableifyouneedassistance.1 FromtheInRoadsmenu,selectHelp>Training.2 SelectRoadFundamentalsusingInRoadsfortheLearningModule.*3 SelecttheIntrotoGeometryfolder.4 Doubleclickonthevideotoview.*IfthecoursenamedoesnotappearintheLearningModule,thesearchpathforthetrainingvideosneedstobedefined.ThisisdonebyselectingFile>TrainingDirectoryandbrowsingtothec:\BentleyTraining\Videos\folder.Jan2011 IntroductiontoGeometryCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 125MeadowParkDriveProjectTaskQuestions Whatistheendingstationofthealignment? WhatisthePIStationofthecurve? WhatisthecurveRadius?TimeAllowed15MinutesCleanupWhenfinishedexittheCADsoftware.IntroductiontoGeometry Jan2011126 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveAlignmentMeadowParkDriveAlignmentJan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 127CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsInthischapter,wewilllearnhowtocreatehorizontalalignmentusingthePIcommands(Add,Insert,Move,DeletePI).Wewillalsolearnhowtoeditexistingalignmentsandcreatecurves.UsingthePIcommandsisoneofanumberofwaystocreatealignments.Ifyournormalworkingpracticedoesnotusethismethod,youshouldskipthischapter.However,oncethistrainingcourseisended,youwillhavethisdocumentandthedataset,soyouwillbeabletoworkthroughthecontentofthischapteratalaterdate.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011128 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedObjectivesObjectivesInthislessonwewill... Learnhowtodefinehorizontalpointsofintersection(PIs)withprecisioninput. Learnhowtoedithorizontalalignments. Learnhowtocreatehorizontalcurves.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 129ObjectivesStartInRoadsorPowerInRoads1 DoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsiconorlaunchInRoads/PowerInRoadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.MicroStationappears.OpenaCADFile1 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\CreateHAUsingPIs\Practice\.SelectthefileAddPIs.dgn,thenclickOpen.2 OpentheMicroStationkeyinwindow(Utilities>Keyin).OpentheProjectFile1 OpentheProjectfile(.rwk)namedPracticeHAPI.rwkintheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\CreateHAUsingPIs\Practice\folder.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011130 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedHorizontalCurveSetHorizontalCurveSetHorizontalCurveSetTheHorizontalCurveSettoolsareusedtoplaceandeditPIsandcurvesthatdefineahorizontalalignment.ThealignmentdefinitionmustbecreatedusingFile>NewbeforePIscanbeaddedtothealignment.YouaddPIstoanalignmentusingtheAddPIcommand.Thisbuildsthetangentsections.Next,youmustmove,insert,ordeletepointstoeditthepointsthatwereplacedwiththeAddPIcommand.Finally,usetheDefineCurvescommandtocreateandeditthecurves.TherearefourtoolsforcreatingandmanipulatingPIs: AddPIcreatesanewPIintheactivealignment.IfthealignmentalreadycontainsoneormorePIs,theAddPItoolwilladdanewPIatthebeginningortheendoftheactivealignment.Whenyouinvokethistool,youwillbepromptedtoidentifytheendofthealignment.Ifyourexistingalignmentisempty,thefirstdatapointwillbecomethebeginningofyouralignment.Otherwise,thefirstdatapointidentifiestheJan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 131HorizontalCurveSetnearestendoftheactivealignment.Makesureyouhavethecorrectactivehorizontalalignment. InsertPIcreatesanewPIbetweentwoexistingPIsintheactivehorizontalalignment. MovePIrepositionsaPIanditsassociatedcurveset,ifoneexists. DeletePIremovesaPIanditsassociatedcurveset,ifoneexists.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011132 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedProductivityTipsProductivityTipsPrecisionInputandConventionsToplacePIsusingprecisioninput,selectUtilities>KeyinfromtheMicroStationmenu.Therearenospacesusedintheprecisioninputformat.Theformatofthekeyinsareshownbelow: ne=northing,easting,elevationTheelevationparameterisoptional. di=distance,directionTheformatofthedirectionasabearingisN45^3630.7EordecimalN45.52E so=station,offset,elevation,alignmentname,GeometryProjectnameOffsetstotherightoftheaheadstationingarepositive.Offsetstotheleftoftheaheadstationingarenegative.Theelevation,alignmentname,andGeometryProjectnameareoptionalparameters;however,theymustbeincludedinthespecifiedorder.Therefore,ifyouwishtoincludethealignmentname,theelevationmustalsobeincluded.Alignmentnamesarecasesensitive.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 133ProductivityTipsStatusBarTheleftcorneroftheMicroStationstatusbarwilldisplayInRoadscommandprompts.ThesepromptswillassistyouwhenusingInRoadscommandswhichrequireyoutoclickinaMicroStationVieworenterinformationintotheCADKeyindialog.TheAngleModemayneedtobechangedtoBearingsforthedikeyintofunctionasexpected.TochangetheAngleMode:Settings>DesignFile>AngleReadout>DirectionModeCreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011134 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseCreateAlignmentwithPrecisionExerciseCreateAlignmentwithPrecisionAddHorizontalPIs1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>AddPI.2 Whenpromptedtoidentifytheendofthealignment,datapointnearthelowerendoftheredelementintheCADfile.3 Movethecursor.4 Youshouldseealinestretchingfromtheendofthealignment.Thenextpointswillbeenteredusingprecisioninputkeyins.5 Clickinthekeyinfieldtomakeitactive.6 IntheCADKeyindialog,enterne=120126.674,1089335.314[36609.524,332088.135.].7 PressEnter.ThePIisplaced.Next,wewillplaceanotherPIbyusingthedikeyin.8 IntheCADKeyindialog,enterdi=1145.0[267.02],s78^2624e.Shift6willenterthe^symbol.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 135ExerciseCreateAlignmentwithPrecision9 PressEnter.ThenexttwoPIswillbeaddedbygraphicallyselectingthepoints.10 SnaptoandacceptadatapointatthesouthendofthepurplelinetoplaceaPI.Thispointisnortheastofthelastpointplaced.IfMicroStationAccusnapisenabled,youmustholddowntheShift+Ctrlkeystosnap.11 DatapointanyplaceeastofthealignmenttoplacethelastPIpoint.12 Rightclicktoresetthecommand.13 RightclickagaintoterminatetheAddPIcommand.Ifnecessary,youcanusetheCADviewcontroltoolsinthemiddleofusingthePlacePIcommand.Whenyouaredonewiththeviewmanipulation,rightclickandInRoadswillbringyoubacktothelaststeppriortoyourviewmanipulation.InsertaHorizontalPITheInsertPItoolisusedtoaddanewPItoanexistingtangentline.Remember,theAddPItoolcanonlybeusedtoaddaPIontheendofanexistingalignment.1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>InsertPI.2 Graphicallyselectthelastsegmentofthealignment.ThesegmentbecomesdynamicshowingthepossiblelocationsofthenewPI.3 Clicktolocatethepointjustnorthoftheexistingsegment.PrecisionkeyinscouldhavebeenusedtolocatetheinsertedPI.4 Clickagaintoaccepttheoverallsolution.5 RightclicktoterminatetheInsertPIcommand.MoveaHorizontalPI1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>MovePI.2 GraphicallyselectthelastPIinthealignment.3 MovethePItoanewlocation(theexactlocationisnotimportant).4 ClicktolocatethePI.PrecisionkeyinscouldalsohavebeenusedtolocatethePI.5 Clickagaintoaccepttheoverallsolution.6 RightclicktoterminatetheMovePIcommand.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011136 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseCreateAlignmentwithPrecisionDeleteaHorizontalPI1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>DeletePI.2 GraphicallyselectthelastPIinthealignment.3 Clickagaintoaccepttheoverallsolution.4 RepeattheproceduretoagainremovethelastPIinthealignment.ThisisthePIthatwassecondtolastintheoriginalalignment.5 RightclicktoterminatetheDeletePIcommand.6 SelectFile>Save>GeometryProject.Remember,InRoadsdoesnotautomaticallysavetheGeometryProjectchangestotheharddisk;theyareonlystoredinvirtualmemoryatthistime.Itisalwaysagoodideatosavethegeometry,oranyotherInRoadsdata,aftermakingchanges.AnotherwaytosaveInRoadsdataistorightclickonthedatatypeintheInRoadsExplorerandselectSave.Inthiscase,highlighttheHemfieldGeometryProjectintheInRoadsExplorer,rightclickandselectSave.InpreviouschaptersyouusedtheSaveAscommandtosavegeometryandotherdata.However,inthisexerciseyouloadedandareworkingwithanexistinggeometryproject(.alg).BecauseInRoadsalreadyknowsthenameandlocationofthegeometryprojectontheharddisk,youcanusetheSavecommand,whichwilloverwritetheexistingfilewiththecurrentdatainInRoads.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 137ReviewPracticeAlignmentReviewPracticeAlignmentThehorizontalalignmentinthepreviousexerciseshouldresemblethefigureabovewhencomplete.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011138 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedHorizontalCurvesHorizontalCurvesHorizontalCurvesTheDefineHorizontalCurveSettooldefinesnewcurvesetsandmodifiesexistingcurvesetsintheactivehorizontalalignment.TheacceptedsolutionisdisplayedintheCADdrawingfile.Therearenumerousoptionsonthisdialogbox;however,afewbasicoptionswillgetyoustarted.HorizontalPIAreaThetextfieldsintheHorizontalPIgroupboxdescribethepositionofthecurrentPIrelativetothepreviousandnextPIs.ChangingvaluesonthisdialogwillredefinethelocationofthePI.TheDefinedByoptiondetermineshowPIlocationsaredetermined.Forexample,assumethatDefineByissettoDirectionsfromPreviousandNextPIs,andthatyouhavemodifiedthevaluesofDirectionBackandDirectionAhead.WhenyouclickApply,thePIisrepositionedbasedontheintersectionofthosedirectionsprojectedfromthepreviousPItothenextPI.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 139HorizontalCurvesHorizontalCurveAreaThisisthemostimportantareaonthedialogbox.ThesesettingsdefinethecurveorcurvesetthatiscreatedatthecurrentPI.Acurvesetcanbeasimplesinglecurve,acomplexspiralcurvespiralcurvespiralcurvecombination,oranythinginbetween.Toomitacurveorspiraldefinitioninthecurveset,leaveitslengthorradiusvaluesettozero.Adegreeofcurvaturecanbeenteredintheradiusfieldbyproceedingthevaluewiththeletterd.Forexample,keyingind1returnsaradiusof5729.578,whichistheradiusofa1degreecurve.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011140 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesNowthatwehaveextendedouralignment,theappropriatenextstepistodefinecurvesforthosePIsthathavebeenplaced.DefineHorizontalCurve1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>DefineCurve.2 ClickNextuntilyoulocatethefirstPIwithnocurve.WatchtheRadiusfieldtodetermineifeachPIhasacurveassigned.Theactivecurveand/ortangentsegmentsarehighlightedintheCADdrawing.IfyouknowexactlywhichPIyouwanttoedit,theSelectbuttoncanbeusedtographicallyselectthePI.3 Enter100[40]forthelengthoftheleadingtransitionclothoidspiral.4 Enter1200[400]forRadius1.5 Enter100[40]forthelengthofthetrailingtransitionclothoidspiral.6 ClickApplyandthenClose.ThecurvesolutionisdisplayedintheCADfile.Didthecurvegetcreated?7 ReadthepromptintheInRoadsExplorer.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 141ExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesCorrecttheCurve1 ChangetheRadius1to500[150].Leavebothtransitionlengthsat100.00[40].2 ClickApply.Whatdoesthepromptsay?Didthecurvegetcreated?3 ClickUndoontheDefineHorizontalCurveSetdialogbox.Youcanonlyundothelastcurveyoudefine.Whathappens?4 ChangetheRadius1to700[200].5 ClickApply,thenclickNext.Besuretoclicknextsothecorrectcurvewillbemodified.6 Enter2000[600]forRadius1.7 ClickApply,thenclickNext.8 Enter500[300]forRadius1.9 ClickApply.10 Closethedialog.ReviewandAnnotatetheAlignment1 Rightclickonthehorizontalalignment(intheInRoadsExplorerWindow)andselectReview.2 ClosetheReviewHorizontalAlignmentdialog.3 SelectGeometry>ViewGeometry>HorizontalAnnotationtooltoannotatethehorizontalalignment.4 ClickthetargetbuttonnexttotheHorizontalAlignmentsIncludefield.5 Clickonthealignmentgraphic.Thealignmenthighlights.6 Clickagaintoacceptthealignment.7 ClickApplytoannotatethealignment.8 ClosetheViewHorizontalAnnotationdialog.SaveGeometry1 SelectFile>Save>GeometryProject.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011142 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedDesignCriteriaDesignCriteriaAddHorizontalPITheAddHorizontalPIcommandcanplacePIsanddefinecurvesbasedonthedesigncriteriaspecifiedintheDesignCriteriadialog.AccessHorizontalDesignCriteriafromGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>DesignCriteria.AccessVerticalDesignCriteriabyselectingGeometry>VerticalCurveSet>DesignCriteria.Browsetotheappropriatehorizontalcurvecheckstable.ThiswillallowyoutoautomaticallyplacePIswithcurvesdefinedusingtheAddPIcommand.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 143ExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesBasedonDesignCriteriaExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesBasedonDesignCriteriaSpecifyDesignCriteria1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>DesignCriteria.2 EnableUseDesignCriteria.3 Iftablenamefieldisempty,browsetotheC:\ProgramFiles\Bentley\InRoadsGroupV8.11\data\imperial[Metric]\folderandselectHorizontalDesignChecks.txt.IfyourInRoadssoftwareisnotinstalledtothedefaultlocation,thepathinstep3willbedifferent.Browsetothelocationwhereyoursoftwareisinstalled.4 Select55[80]fortheSpeedandsettheMaximumeto6.5 ClickApply,thenClose.AddPIswithCurves.1 SelectGeometry>HorizontalCurveSet>AddPI.2 SelectthelastPIinthealignment.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011144 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedExerciseDefineHorizontalCurvesBasedonDesignCriteria3 ClickdownandtotherightofthelastPI.Noticeacurveisautomaticallydefinedbasedonthedesigncriteriaspecified.4 PlaceonemorePIupandtotheright,thenrightclicktofinish.5 ExittheCADsoftware.Whenpromptedtosavethegeometryproject,clickNo.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 145SummaryandReviewSummaryandReviewSummaryYouarenowableto: Definehorizontalpointsofintersection(PIs)withprecisioninput. Edithorizontalalignments. Createhorizontalcurves.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011146 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedSummaryandReviewQuestions:Beforecontinuing,letsreinforcewhatyouhavelearned.1 Whichofthefollowingcommand(s)canbeusedtodefineahorizontalPI?AAddPIBDeletePICInsertPIDMovePI2 Listatleasttwokeyincommandsusedtoenterhorizontalgeometrywithprecision.1__________2__________3__________3 TrueorFalse:TheDefineHorizontalCurveSettooldefinesnewcurvesetsbutwillnotallowforthemodificationofexistingcurvesetsintheactivehorizontalalignment.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 147SummaryandReviewAnswers:1 Whichofthefollowingcommand(s)canbeusedtodefineahorizontalPI.AAddPICInsertPIBoththeAddPIandInsertPIcommandsareusedtodefineanewPI.TheAddPIcommandisusedtostartanewalignmentoraddaPItoeitherendofanexistingalignment.TheInsertPIcommandisusedtodefineanewPIinthemiddleofanexistingalignment.2 Listthreekeyincommandsusedtoenterhorizontalgeometrywithprecision.1ne=northing,easting,elevation2di=distance,direction3so=station,offset,elevation,alignmentname,GeometryProjectname3 TrueorFalse:TheDefineHorizontalCurveSettooldefinesnewcurvesetsbutwillnotallowforthemodificationofexistingcurvesetsintheactivehorizontalalignment.FalseTheDefineHorizontalCurveSettooldefinesnewcurvesetsandmodifiesexistingcurvesetsintheactivehorizontalalignment.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011148 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveProjectTaskMeadowParkDriveProjectTaskTaskObjectiveExtendtheexistingMeadowParkDrivehorizontalalignmenttoconnecttoaknowncoordinate.Jan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 149MeadowParkDriveProjectTaskGivenDataProjectFilesRequirements CloseandrestarttheCADsoftwareiftheyarerunningfromapreviousexercise. OpentheworkingCADfile. OpentheProjectfile(.rwk). TheexistingMeadowParkDrivealignmentcurrentlyendsatN149236.796,E1088363.612[N45487.466,E331733.892]. Theextendedalignmentshouldbeginwithatangentthathasthesamebearingasthelasttangentoftheexistingalignment. ThefirstnewPIis374.76[114.23M]feetfromtheendoftheexistingalignment. ThesecondnewPIis386.12[117.69M]feetandisS65^4821.5EfromthefirstnewPI. ThesecondtothelastPIoftheextendedalignmentis350[106.68M]feetfromwherethealignmentintersectsBrownWay.HintUsetheDefineBymethodofDirectionandDistancefromNextPItoassistinplacingthisPI.Description NameGraphicsFile: C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\CreateHAUsingPIs\Task\MeadowParkWorking.dgnProjectFile:C:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\CreateHAUsingPIs\Task\TaskHAPI.rwkTheProjectfileopensthecorrectpreferences,existingsurface,andgeometryfiles.TheindividualfilesarelistedbelowbutdonotneedtobeopenedindividuallyifyouopentheProjectfile.PreferenceFile: BentleyTraining.xinGeometryProject: MeadowPark.algExistingGround: MeadowParkExisting.dtmCreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011150 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveProjectTask ThelasttangentoftheextendedalignmentshouldintersectBrownWayata90degree.Hint:drawalineperpendiculartobrownwayabout350'inlength(itdoesnothavetobeexact).Whenconstructingthelastpartofthealignment,youcansnaptotheperpendicularlinethatwaspreviouslydrawn. TheeasternmostpointonthealignmentwhereittiesintoBrownWaysouthoftheculdesacisN149198.65,E1089850.38[N45470.037,E332187.029]. Thisportionofthealignmentmusthaveaminimumof3curves. AllofthecurvesshouldhaveaDegreeofCurvature(DOC)of11[35]degrees(radiusof520.87feet[159.15M]). Thecompletealignmentshouldbedisplayed,stationed,andannotatedintheCADfile. Oncecomplete,savetheGeometryProject.AssistanceVideoVideosdemonstratinghowtocompletethisprojectareavailableifyouneedassistance.1 FromtheInRoadsmenu,selectHelp>Training.2 SelectRoadFundamentalsusingInRoadsfortheLearningModule.*3 SelecttheCreateHAPIfolder.4 Doubleclickonthevideotoview.*IfthecoursenamedoesnotappearintheLearningModule,thesearchpathforthetrainingvideosneedstobedefined.ThisisdonebyselectingFile>TrainingDirectoryandbrowsingtothec:\BentleyTraining\Videos\folder.Questions Whatisthebearingofthesecondtangentinyourfinalgeometry? Whatisthelaststationonthealignment? Whatisthetangentlengthofthelasttangentinyourfinalgeometry?TimeAllowed30MinutesJan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 151MeadowParkDriveProjectTaskCleanupWhenfinishedexittheCADsoftware.CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011152 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveKnownAlignmentPointsMeadowParkDriveKnownAlignmentPointsJan2011 CreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 153MeadowParkDriveExampleCompletedAlignmentMeadowParkDriveExampleCompletedAlignmentCreatingHorizontalAlignmentsUsingPIs Jan2011154 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedMeadowParkDriveExampleCompletedAlignmentJan2011 ProfilesandCrossSectionsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 189ProfilesandCrossSectionsInthischapter,youwilllearnhowtocreateprofilesandcrosssections.ProfilesandCrossSections Jan2011190 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedObjectivesObjectivesInthislessonwewill... Learnhowtocreateprofiles. Learnhowtocreatecrosssections.Jan2011 ProfilesandCrossSectionsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 191ObjectivesStartInRoadsorPowerInRoads1 DoubleclicktheInRoadsorPowerInRoadsiconorlaunchInRoads/PowerInRoadsfromtheStart>AllPrograms>Bentleymenuchoices.MicroStationappears.OpenaCADFile1 SetthedirectorytoC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\ProfilesandCrossSections\Practice\.SelectthefileProfileandSections.dgn,thenclickOpen.2 OpentheMicroStationkeyinwindow(Utilities>Keyin).OpentheProjectFile1 OpentheProjectfile(.rwk)namedPracticeProfilesandCrossSections.rwkintheC:\BentleyTraining\InRoads101\ProfilesandCrossSections\Practice\folder.ProfilesandCrossSections Jan2011192 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedProfilesProfilesProfilesAprofileisaseriesofelevationsextractedalongabaseline,whichisnormallyahorizontalalignment.Aprofileisagraphofthehorizontalalignmentstationingversustheelevationsofthesurface.Thealignmentstationingisplottedalongthebottomaxisandthesurfaceelevationsareplottedalongtheverticalaxis.Aprofileiscomprisedoftwoparts,theprofilewindowandtheprofiledata.Theprofilewindowconsistsofthebottom,leftandrightaxis,andgridlines.Theprofiledataconsistsofsurfacelinesandsurfacefeatures.Theprofiledatacanalsobeupdatedwithnewsurfacedataasitisobtained.Verticalalignmentscanbedisplayedontheprofileinadditiontothesurface.Multipleplotsofprofiledatarepresentingdifferentsurfacescanbedisplayedinasingleprofile.Onceaprofileiscreated,verticalalignmentscanthenbecreatedanddisplayed.Jan2011 ProfilesandCrossSectionsCopyright2011BentleySystems,Incorporated 193CreateProfileCreateProfileCreateProfileTheCreateProfilecommandextractselevationdatafromoneormoresurfacesanddisplaysitalongalinearpath.TheCreateProfilecommandhassettingsthatdefinehowtheprofileappears.Whenworkinginaproductionenvironment,veryfewofthesesettingswillneedtobealteredbecausetheywillalreadybedefinedinyourprojectstandards.ProfilesandCrossSections Jan2011194 Copyright2011BentleySystems,IncorporatedCreateProfileTheCreateProfiledialogboxisorganizedwithatreeandleafinterface.Belowisabriefdescriptionofthesettingthatyoumayneedtoalter.GeneralLeaf Exaggerationspecifiestheverticaltohorizontalexaggerationfordisplayedprofiles.Typically,thehorizontalexaggerationshouldbeleftat1.0andtheverticaladjustedforthedesiredexaggeration. Surfacesallo