Noncommunicable Diseases & Health Promotion ICCC4, Seoul | 4 November 2011 | 1 | CV Profiling NCD and their risk factor in WHO Western Pacific Region Cherian

Noncommunicable Diseases

& Health Promotion

ICCC4 , Seoul | 4 November 2011 | 1 | CV

Profiling NCD and their risk factor in

WHO Western Pacific Region

Cherian Varghese, Marie Clem Carlos, Hai-Rim Shin, Han Tieru & Leanne Riley World Health Organization


& Health Promotion


Modifiable causative risk factors

Tobacco use

Unhealthy diets

Physical inactivity

Harmful use of alcohol

Non

comm

un

icable d

iseases

Heart disease and stroke

Diabetes

Cancer Chronic lung disease

There are Four Major Groups of Noncommunicable Diseases Four major lifestyles related risk factors


& Health Promotion


Age-standardized death rate (per 100,000) from NCD, WPR, 2008

*Countries have a high degree of uncertainty because they are not based on national NCD mortality data. The estimates for these countries are based on a combination of country life tables, cause of death models, regional cause of death patterns, and WHO and UNAIDS program estimates for some major causes of death (not including NCDs).

Source: WHO Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010


& Health Promotion


Percentage of all NCD Deaths under age 70, WPR, 2008

*Countries have a high degree of uncertainty because they are not based on national NCD mortality data. The estimates for these countries are based on a combination of country life tables, cause of death models, regional cause of death patterns, and WHO and UNAIDS program estimates for some major causes of death (not including NCDs).



& Health Promotion



High-income LMIC and unclassified* Country data not available. Estimate based on a combination of country life tables, cause of death models, regional cause of death patterns, and WHO and UNAIDS program

estimates for some major causes (not including chronic diseases).

Age-standardized death rate (per 100,000) from Cancer, WPR, 2008


& Health Promotion


Most Frequent Cancers in Asia


& Health Promotion



& Health Promotion


High-income LMIC and unclassified

Age-standardized prevalence of daily tobacco smoking in adults aged 15+ years, comparable country estimates, WPR, 2008



& Health Promotion


Stages of Life

0-2 years

5-15 years18-59 years

60+ years


& Health Promotion



Total adult (15+ years) per capita consumption of pure alcohol (litres) for both sexes, WPR, 2008



& Health Promotion


Control of Tobacco and Harmful use of Alcohol

• 10 % reduction in tobacco use by 2014

• Tobacco taxation and Health Promotion Foundations

• Plain packaging- a pathbreaking approach

• Scaling up strategies to reduce harmful use of Alcohol


& Health Promotion


C

H

A

N

G

E


& Health Promotion



Age-standardized prevalence of insufficient physical activity in adults aged 15+ years, comparable country estimates, WPR, 2008

Note: Insufficient physical activity is defined as less than five times 30 minutes of moderate activity per week, or less than three times 20 minutes of vigorous activity per week, or equivalent.



& Health Promotion


Age-standardized prevalence of obesity in adults aged 20+ years, comparables estimates, WPR,

2008

Note: Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2




& Health Promotion



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Source: WHO Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010Note: Raised cholesterol was defined, in these estimates, as 5.0 mmol/L or 190 mg/dl or higher.


Age-standardized prevalence of raised total cholesterol in adults aged 25+ years, comparable country estimates, WPR, 2008


& Health Promotion


Eat 400 gms vegetables and fruits daily


& Health Promotion


Promotion of Healthy Diet and Physical Activity

• Healthier food options in schools, restaurants, hawker fare and workplaces

• Reduction of salt, sugar, saturated and trans-fats should be addressed

• Control of marketing of foods to children

• Active promotion of physical activity


& Health Promotion


Interventions to Affect Health


& Health Promotion


WHO NCD country capacity survey 2010Policies for NCD risk factors

High-income (N=12)

LMIC and unclassified

(N=23)

Alcohol 10 (83%) 9 (39%)

Unhealthy diet 11 (92%) 13 (57%)

Physical inactivity

11 (92%) 10 (43%)

Tobacco 11 (92%) 18 (78%)


& Health Promotion


WHO NCD country capacity survey 2010Policies for NCD risk factors

High-income (N=12)

LMIC and unclassified

(N=23)

Alcohol 10 (83%) 9 (39%)

Unhealthy diet 11 (92%) 13 (57%)

Physical inactivity

11 (92%) 10 (43%)

Tobacco 11 (92%) 18 (78%)


& Health Promotion


Population Based Multisectoral Actions for NCD Risk Reduction


& Health Promotion


Enabling environment

• Whole-of-Government approach Strong policies to reduce availability of

tobacco and alcohol Control on advertisement of food to children Reduce market pressures from influencing

dietary choices Make local fruits and vegetable available

and affordable Provide parks and cycle lanes to promote

physical activity Control fat, sugar and salt in mass

manufactured products and restaurants Equip health systems Develop health promoting schools and

workplaces


& Health Promotion


Age standardized prevalence of NCDs and risk factors in Singapore 1992-2004

10 9.57.8

1513.5

17

25

17.8

12.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1991 1998 2004

Ag

e s

tan

dard

ized

pre

vale

nce

Hypertension DM Obesity High Cholesterol Cigarette smoking Regular exercise


& Health Promotion


EARLY EASY

ENJOYABLE EVERYWHERE

Healthy Lifestyle

Documents

Noncommunicable Diseases & Health Promotion ICCC4, Seoul | 4 November 2011 | 1 | CV Profiling NCD and their risk factor in WHO Western Pacific Region Cherian