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NATO Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response
Coordination Centre
(EADRCC)
Fax : +32-2-707.2677 [email protected]
OTAN Centre Euro-Atlantique de coordination des réactions
en cas de catastrophe (EADRCC)
Télécopie : +32-2-707.2677
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EADRCC Situation Report Nº15 SYRIAN REFUGEES in JORDAN
(Latest update in BOLD)
Message Nº. : OPS(EADRCC)(2014)0015 Dtg : 25 April 2014, 12:00 UTC From: : Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre To : Points of Contact for International Disaster Response in NATO and
partner Countries Precedence : Priority Originator : Duty Officer Tel: +32-2-707.2670 Approved by : Head EADRCC Tel: +32-2-707.2673 Reference : OPS(EADRCC)(2012)0157 This report consists of : - 14 - pages
1. In accordance with the procedures at reference, EADRCC has received on 06 September 2012, a request for assistance from Jordan dated 06 September 2012 13:08 UTC. The following information was provided.
2. General Situation:
Type of the Disaster : Flow of Syrian refugees into Jordan Date and Time the Disaster occurred : During the last months Location of the Disaster : Jordan side of the Syrian border
3. Assessment of the situation:
3.1. According to reports of the Government of Jordan (GOJ) the number of Syrian refugees who fled into Jordan since the beginning of the crisis March 2011 reached around 600.000 people, the majority are scattered in the North of the Kingdom. They live in urban areas, camps and collective centres. The Jordanian Ministry of Interior announces that the highest concentration is in the Governorate of Mafraq (173.705 people), followed by Amman (154.546 people) and Irbid (137.114 people) causing pressure on local services and infrastructure. Over 70% of Syrian refugees are women and children, with 25% living in refugee camps and 75% in communities.
3.2. According to UNHCR statistics, 519.515 Syrian citizens are registered as refugees in Jordan. About 48.000 people are still waiting for registration. The current situation in Syria is unlikely to change in the foreseeable future, and it is expected that the costs stemming from hosting Syrian refugees in Jordan will continue to rise.
3.3. Education. The Government of Jordan has granted access to free primary and secondary education to all Syrian refugee children, despite existing pressures on the
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education system, such as overcrowding in high population density areas and concerns about declining quality.
3.4. Health. According to the report of Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere (CARE), Syrian refugees, living outside of camps in Jordan, are increasingly unable to cover expenses for medical treatment, in particular for chronic and other costly health conditions. There are more and more cases where people die of diseases which are usually either preventable or treatable. For women and girls it is particularly important to have access to maternal and reproductive health services. CARE has also found that the psychosocial wellbeing of refugee families due to the social and psychological impact of war is increasingly worrying. CARE believes that if the financial support for Syrian refugees remains as limited as it is now, the percentage of serious health conditions will rise even higher, especially with more and more refugees crossing the border to Jordan every day.
According to research of Handicap International and Help Age International, one in 15 Syrian refugees has been injured. The highest percentage of people with injuries are found in Za`atari camp (8.9%), compared with almost equal distributions in Amman (6.9%) and Irbid governorates (6.7%).
Several organizations including Handicap International, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), International Medical Corps (IMC), and the ICRC have raised concerns about the situation of people with injuries in Syria and the wider region. Evidence reveals the high number of injuries leading to amputation and the high levels of spinal cord injuries that are generally related to gunshot or shelling, and result in serious and permanent impairment. Beyond immediate healthcare needs, treating such complex injuries involves long-term physical rehabilitation, psychological and psychosocial support.
3.5. Municipalities. The Syrian crisis has heightened the pressure on the municipalities to meet increasing demand with the same level of available resources. UNHCR figures indicate that 80% of Syrian refugees have settled in non-camp settings in urban and rural areas. The number of Syrian refugees residing outside the refugee camps in Jordanian communities adds additional pressure to municipalities already struggling to provide essential services. Tensions between host communities and refugees are palpable in the Northern Governorates, where socio-economic problems created by the Syrian refugee influx are the most acute, exacerbating already existing feelings of marginalization and vulnerabilities among Jordanians. This is threatening the social contract between state and society.
3.6. Livelihoods and Employment. The influx of Syrian refugees is undeniably affecting the labour market and livelihood opportunities. The impact on labour supply is especially high in the main host governorates (Amman, Mafraq, lrbid and Zarqa) where Syrians are estimated to constitute around 8.4% of the total potential active labour force and as much as one-third of all the unemployed. Evidence suggests that the main impact of the increasing number of the Syrian workers in the labour market has been to put significant downward pressure on wages, which has led to an enlarged informal economy.
3.7. Housing. The Syrian crisis is unfolding amidst a chronic shortage of affordable housing in Jordan. According to figures of Jordanian Ministry of Interior, 600 thousand Syrians in Jordan need housing, which translates into approximately 120 thousand units.
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The Jordanian housing sector, meanwhile, has produced an annual average of 28,600 units during the period 2004-2011 against a total demand of 32,000 units. Moreover, supply is not well aligned with demand, with an oversupply at the middle and upper end of the market and some 18% of the housing stock remaining unoccupied. As a result, rental has been the main source of affordable housing or almost half of the poorest 10% of Jordan's population.
3.8. Water and Sanitation. With the influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan, the gap between available water and demand has widened significantly. The quantity supplied per capita has recently decreased in some cases even to 30 Iiters per day (I/p/d) while standard of Jordanian Water Authority is 100 I/p/d. The frequency of water supplied to consumers has reduced from once per week to once per month in some of the northern governorates (the largest refugee camp, Za’atari, with a population exceeding 100 thousand refugees is also located in the north). In addition, there are also concerns on the potential pollution of the aquifer due to increased quantities of unregulated wastewater discharge. The main risk is the unsafe disposal of excreta, as the high cost of emptying septic tanks by trucks is prompting house owners to dispose of the effluent illegally.
3.9. Energy. Jordan has been facing a convergence of supply disruptions of energy imports from Egypt, alongside rising local demands in Jordan owing to a large influx of Syrian refugees and forced migrants. While not a primary driver of systemic energy sector challenges in Jordan, the Syrian crisis is a significant exacerbating factor.
4. National resources available for disaster response and assistance required:
4.1. As Syrian refugees in urban areas are granted access to public services (including health, education, shelter, water and electricity), the pressure on scarce national resources and subsidized services and items has dramatically increased, and the Jordanian Government and the families hosting vulnerable Syrians are facing numerous challenges as the unrest in Syria continues. Consequently, it is essential to support Jordan’s efforts to continue hosting Syrian refugees and providing them with basic services.
4.2. The following requirements for international assistance and a list of Northern Governorates School needs have been identified and are shown in Attachment №1 at the end of this message.
4.3. According to administration reports of Jordan Government the required needs for Water Supply, Education, Health, Electricity and New Camp Administration are mentioned in Attachment №2.
4.4. The list of priority requirements in the Irbid and Mafraq Municipalities are shown in Attachment №3.
5. Assistance provided by Allied and partner nations and International organisations:
5.1. Algeria sent 10 tons of food (frying oil, tea, light-fat milk, rice, sugar).
5.2. Austria has sent 20 tent heaters, 2000 blankets to Jordan Za`atari camp through EU Civil Protection Mechanism. Additionally assistance with 1.000 kitchen sets and 1.000 Hygiene kits was delivered on 15 October 2012.
5.3. Bahrain sent 500 prefabricated units.
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5.4. In the beginning of March 2013 Belgium donated 9,000,000 Euros of humanitarian aid to the Syrian refugees in the region, 1,000,000 Euros of which was sent to Jordan Za`atari camp.
5.5. Bulgaria made a contribution of 102.250 Euros through UNHCR towards the Syria Regional Response Plan.
5.6. Croatia has offered 17,500 Euros of the humanitarian aid in form of purchasing vaccines to refugees in Za`atari Camp.
5.7. Egypt sent 40 caravans, 200 mattresses, 40 heaters and 200 blankets to Syrian refugees in Jordan.
5.8. France sent medical support deploying a military field hospital in camp area.
5.9. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia1 has made an offer for assistance of 1.000 blankets to Syrian refugees in Jordan.
5.10. Greece donated 50.000 Euros, in order to contribute to the urgent educational needs of the Syrian refugees in the Za`atari camp. This amount will be given to the UNICEF mission through the Greek Embassy in Amman.
5.11. Ireland donated 2,450,000 Euros to humanitarian organisations and countries in the region, of which 1,150,000 Euros were donated directly to Jordan. Additionally in February 2013 Ireland donated 4,700,000 Euros to humanitarian organisations and countries in the region, of which 1,000,000 Euros were donated directly to Jordan through UNHCR.
5.12. Italy sent assistance with 8 electricity generators, 2000 blankets, 100 tents, 1 field hospital, 2 medical kits, 4 caravans (management, bath and showers, medical and para medical staff accommodation) and other accessories for the use of Jordanian/ Italian Hospital in Za`atari camp.
5.13. Japan - JICA sent 50 tents and 3.900 blankets to Jordan Za`atari camp.
5.14. Kazakhstan sent 90 prefabricated units to Jordan Za`atari camp.
5.15. Kuwait provided 6 convoys of humanitarian assistance through the Jordanian Red Crescent and 1.000 caravans for refugees in Za`atari camp.
5.16. Luxembourg has sent 5 fully equipped ambulances to Jordan through the European Civil Protection Mechanism, 3 in October 2012 for the Za`atari camp consigned to the Jordan Hashemite Charity Organization and 2 in September 2013 for the Zarqa camp consigned to the Jordan Health Aid Society.
In 2012 and 2013, Luxembourg made cash contributions of 7,6 million Euros (UNHCR, WFP, UNICEF, Syria Response Fund, ICRC, IFRC, NGOs) for assistance to vulnerable populations in Syria and in neighbouring countries, including in Jordan.
5.17. Morocco delivered 1 military field hospital to Za`atari camp.
5.18. The Republic of Korea sent 400 caravans for refugees in Za`atari camp.
1 Turkey recognises the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name.
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5.19. Russia sent three transportable power station (120 KW), 4500 blankets, 1500 sets of aluminium tableware, 120 field folding furniture sets, 750 boxes of baby food, 1200 boxes of Tinned fish food, 3000 boxes of tinned beef food, 15 tons of sugar and 5 tons of rice.
5.20. On 3 October 2012 Norway shipped 5.000 blankets to Jordan through EU Civil Protection Mechanism.
In Za`atari camp the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) has begun construction of porches to complement and augment individual tents. All households in Za`atari camp will receive a gas heater stored on the porch, in order to limit fire hazards. Winterization kits to be distributed include quilts, thermal blankets and winter clothing.
5.21. Caritas Poland and Caritas Jordan from 01 of July to 31 of December 2012 are implementing a project: “Promotion of education and social integration of Syrian Refugee’s children in Jordan”. The project is implemented in 2 cities: Zarqa and Marfaq and the main goal is to increase school adaptation and social integration of Syrian Refugee’s children in Jordan and improving professional qualifications necessary in adult life. The project aims at 200 children at age of 6 – 15 and 150 children of 16 – 40 age, providing them informal education and workshops. The Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs co-financed this project with the amount of 796 048 PLN (app. 199,020 EUROS).
In additional Poland donated 500.000 PLN (app. 125.000 EUROS) to UNCHR.
5.22. Qatar sent blankets, tents, food, winter clothes in Za`atari camp through the Jordanian Red Crescent.
5.23. The Slovak Republic has delivered 100 blankets, 5.000 dining containers, 10.000 plastic spoons, 8.000 plastic plates, 10.000 plastic cups, 19 latrines, 1 washroom, 8 showers, 52 thermos food or drink containers (25 and 12 litters) and 144 thermos (5 litters) to Jordan Za`atari camp.
5.24. Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) donated 500 tents and 1285000 CHF (or 1157000 USD) for the rehabilitation of 11 public schools in northern Jordan where Syrian refugee-children are enrolled.
5.25. UK DIFD sent to Jordan an assistance with 3.000 winterization kits, cash assistance to rent purposes for 1.000 families and 400 clothes for refugee families.
5.26. United Arab Emirates has sent 1 medical field hospital with the Royal medical services and 100 prefabricated houses. Additionally UAE sponsored 7 USD million to the financing the establishment cost of Muraijeeb Al Fhood Camp.
5.27. List of financial support donated to Jordan by Nations and International Organizations:
DONOR Financial support
Canada 4,448,330 USD
Estonia 135,685 USD
Japan 7,170,000 USD
Norway 356,542 USD
Saudi Arabia 720,000 USD
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United Kingdom 12,779,553 USD
USA 22,900,000 USD
European Union Women 3,000,000 USD
UNHCR (United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees) 73,606,801 USD
UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund) 22,937,752 USD
WFP (World Food Programme) 48,300,576 USD
6. Points of Entry / Delivery:
6.1. Queen Alia International Airport, for commercial cargo. 6.2. Marka Airport, for Charter flights.
7. The Operational Point of Contact in Jordan is as follows:
Name : Saleh KHARABSHEH
Organization: Ministry of Planning of Jordan
Phone: + 96 26 4634511
E-mail: [email protected]
8. Response co-ordination.
8.1. UN OCHA and the Regional Humanitarian Coordinator remain in the lead of the overall coordination of the response to the Syria crisis. For the coordination of the response to refugees, UNHCR has appointed a Regional Refugee Coordinator.
8.2. With a view to providing a coordinated response to the stricken nation’s requirements, nations in a position to meet these demands, in full or in part, are invited to coordinate closely with UN OCHA and UNHCR and to reply to the Ministry of Planning of Jordan with an information copy to EADRCC, by any of the communication means listed above and below.
8.3. The Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre can be reached in the following ways:
Telephone: +32-2-707.2670
Fax : +32-2-707.2677
Mobile Phone: +32-475-829.071
e-mail: [email protected]
Internet http://www.nato.int/eadrcc/home.htm
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Attachment №1
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Attachment №2
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Attachment №3
