Nokia Tetra Base Station

1DBDA 5006--03e (25)E Nokia Networks Oy

Nokia TETRA System

Indoor Base Station (TBS)

Product Description

Product Description

DBDA 5006--03e2 (25) E Nokia Networks Oy

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describesonly the product defined in the introduction of this document. This document isintended for the use of Nokia Networks’ customers only for the purposes of theagreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may bereproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permissionof Nokia Networks. The document has been prepared to be used by professionaland properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility whenusing it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process ofcontinuous development and improvement of the documentation.

The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability,capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot beconsidered binding but shall be defined in the agreement made between NokiaNetworks and the customer. However, Nokia Networks has made all reasonableefforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate andfree of material errors and omissions. Nokia Networks will, if necessary, explainissues which may not be covered by the document.

Nokia Networks’ liability for any errors in the document is limited to thedocumentary correction of errors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLEIN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES,INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY LOSSES), thatmight arise from the use of this document or the information in it.

This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrightaccording to the applicable laws.

NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.

Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of theirrespective companies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright E Nokia Networks Oy 1999. All rights reserved.

Contents


Contents

Summary of changes 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 About this document 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1 Typographic conventions 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 Overview 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.1 TBS in the TETRA system 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2 TBS family 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2.1 Indoor TBS 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2.2 Cabinet 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2.3 Subracks 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2.4 Plug--in units 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2.2.5 Cabling 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 TBS operation 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1 Transmission 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.2 Baseband functions 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3 RF functions 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.3.1 Diversity 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.4 Mechanics 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.5 Capacity 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6 External interfaces 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6.1 Air interface 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6.2 Alarm interface 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6.3 Power supply 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6.4 Transmission interface 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6.5 MMI interface 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix A. Specifications 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

References 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Product Description


Summary of changes


.

Summary of changes

The following changes have been made since the previous issue of thisdocument, dbda5006--02e

General improvements in presentation of information and style have beenmade throughout the document.

Product Description


About this document


1 About this documentThis document introduces the Nokia TETRA Indoor Base Station (TBS) whichis a network element of the Nokia TETRA System. For information about thecomplete set of documentation, refer to Nokia TETRA System: Description ofDocumentation.

This guide assumes some previous knowledge of the Nokia TETRA System aswell as some knowledge of telecommunications.

Chapter 1 introduces the structure of the document.

Chapter 2 gives an overview of the TBS.

Chapter 3 briefly describes the basic functions of the TBS.

Appendix A contains the specifications.

The Glossary section explains terms and concepts used in this document aswell as the abbreviations. The full version of the glossary is available as aseparate document, Nokia TETRA System: Glossary.

We welcome any suggestions for further improvement of this document. Also,should you find any errors or omissions in this document, please forward yourcomments to the local Nokia representative.

Product Description


1.1 Typographic conventions

The following typographic conventions are used in this document:

Convention Item

Title Capitals File and directory names, icon names, programsand applications, window names

Title Capitals in Bold Dialog box titles

Bold text Menu names and commands, buttons

Title Capitals in Italics Referenced document titles

Text in italics Emphasized text, new terms

SMALL CAPITALS Key names, key combinations, key sequences

Monospace font Output from the computer, user names,parameter names, passwords, database tablenames and counters, samples of code

Monospace in bold Input that the user types

< > Variable information to be supplied by the useris given between angle brackets < >

[ ] Optional information in a command is indicatedwithin brackets [ ]

Click File –> Exit On the File menu, click Exit

Notes (including cautions, tips, warnings andgeneral notes) call your attention to information.The following symbols are used in the notes in ourdocumentation:

Warning symbol. Warnings alert to dangers whichmay cause loss of life, physical injury or ill healthin any form.

Caution symbol. Cautions indicate possibledamage to equipment or a possibility of loss ofdata.

Note symbol. Notes indicate additionalinformation such as recommendations or tips.

Task sequence symbol. Indicates the start of aprocedure.

!

!

123

Overview


2 Overview

2.1 TBS in the TETRA system

A TETRA Base Station (TBS) of the Nokia TETRA System is a modular basestation with one--to--eight --carriers . One to four carrier version (TBS basiccabinet) is available at present. The current 4--carrier TBS has a provision forfuture expansion to eight carriers by using a TBS extension cabinet (TBS basiccabinet + TBS extension cabinet). The TBS extension cabinet will be availablelater.

A base station is always connected to a TETRA exchange (DXT) whichcontrols it. The minimum network configuration consists of one exchange andone base station. The base stations can be connected to a ring network toeliminate the effect of transmission link interruptions.

The architecture of a well designed radio network meets capacity and radiocoverage requirements.

The transmission interface unit provides a built--in add/drop multiplexingfunction to connect to a digital transmission system. This allows easyconstruction of chained and looped network topologies.

Product Description


DXT

TBSTBS

TBS

TBS

TBS

TBS

TBS TBS

TBSTBS

TBS

TBSTBS

TBS

TBS

TBS

TBS

Figure 1. TBS chain, star, and ring topologies

2.2 TBS family

The TBS family has versions both for indoor and outdoor use as well as fordifferent frequency bands. For details of the outdoor TBS, refer to the OutdoorBase Station documentation.

The TBS consists of cabinet(s), subracks with motherboards, plug--in units,power supplies, cooling fans, internal cabling, and external interfaces as wellas software.

2.2.1 Indoor TBS

The indoor TETRA Base Station (TBS) of the Nokia TETRA System is amodular one--to--eight --carrier base station. The basic cabinet TBS has acapacity of four carriers. The number of carriers can be doubled by means of anextension cabinet (currently not available) attached to the basic cabinet.

Radio units as well as power supply modules can easily be added according toneed to produce suitable configurations and to facilitate economic capacitygrowth with demand. The management of the TBS is integrated in the networkmanagement via the TETRA exchange (DXT).

The basic cabin base station consists of one to four radio/power supply pairs,controller unit, transmission interface, receiver multicouplers, combiner system,and cabinet with cabling.

The base station can also use two or three receiver antennas. They provideadvanced antenna diversity in the receiver to achieve antenna diversity gainwith omnidirectional antennas or to combine directional antenna patterns.

Overview


In the normal operating mode the base station is controlled by the NokiaTETRA exchange. The local mode can be activated from the base station andused in maintenance and test purposes.

The base station supports the downlink continuous transmission mode (D--CTmode) as specified in the TETRA standard.

Figure 2. Example of a four--carrier indoor cabinet

2.2.2 Cabinet

The cabinet consists of a steel body, rear panel, door, and cabinet roof. Thecabinet body is covered with conductive coating and treated against corrosion.

The cabinet facilitates quick and easy installation of the plug--in units as well asto provides adequate electromagnetic shielding to meet the EMC requirements.

Product Description


2.2.3 Subracks

The subracks are fastened from their front panels to the cabinet. The subracksconsist mainly of two side--plates, top-- and bottom--plate, and the back planewhich is a printed circuit board.

Figure 3. Four TETRA base station radios inTTRX subrack

2.2.4 Plug--in units

All the plug--in units have connectors at rear via which they are connected tothe motherboard of the subrack. Typically they have two euroconnectors. Theplug--in units are fastened from their front panels to the subrack.

2.2.5 Cabling

The cabling can be divided into three main categories:

Front RF--cabling

Rear cabling, mostly between subracks

Top cabling for external connections

The cables have labels for identification and indicating their correct routing.

TBS operation


3 TBS operationIn normal operation the whole TBS operates under the control of the DXT.

The TETRA base station comprises the following functional blocks:

transmission to DXT (TRUx unit)

base band functions (TBC, TBBM of TTRX, TSD)

RF functions (RF part of TTRX, Combiner, TRMC)

mechanics (cabinet, racks, power supplies, busses)

software

TXRX1RX2RX3

TXRX1RX2RX3

TAFU

TTRX1

TTRXn

TRUAto DXT

D1--bus

TX

RX

Controller

TX

RX

Controller

TBBM

TBBM

TXAntenna

RXMulticouplersystem

TriversityMulticouplersystem

DiversityMulticouplersystem

TTRXRF

TTRXRF

TXCombiningSystem

FANs Power Supplies

3rd RXAntenna

1st RXAntenna

2nd RXAntenna

Q1--bus

GPS

TSDD2--bus

2 Mbit/s

TBC

Figure 4. TBS block diagram

Product Description


3.1 Transmission

The TETRA base station transmission functions are the following:

an interface between the exchange and base band functions

adaptation to different transmission interfaces

support of base stations networking

radio relay repeater station

The LAPD is used for the DXT – TTRX signalling and also for DXT – TBCsignalling in case that the is no optional 64 kbit/s timeslot for DXT – TBCsignalling. The LAPD signalling contains e.g:

Supervision and parametering signalling;

Control signalling;

Air interface signalling;

The alarms sent to the TETRA exchange system are described in the DXTdocumentation.

3.2 Baseband functions

The baseband functions consist of the TETRA base band module (TBBM) andTETRA base station controller unit (TBC). The base band system picks theinput signals from the transmission via the D1 bus. It transfers the receivedsignals to the RF system and performs functions as channel coding/decoding,interleaving/deinterleaving, and all other functions specified in the TETRAstandard to support the radio path interface.

3.3 RF functions

The RF --section consists of the transceiver RF modules, transmitter combiners,receiver multicouplers, and base station filtering equipment. The RF functionson the TX path convert the I/Q signals from the BB interface to a multicarrierRF signal to be fed into the TX antenna.

On the RX path received signals from the antenna are delivered to the carrierunits and down converted to be fed to the base band section at the IF level.

The RF subsystem can support flexible multicarrier operation (from one toeight carriers).

3.3.1 Diversity

The TTRX supports diversity receiving from 1 to 3 receivers.

The RX antennas can be either omnidirectional (diversity) or directional (sectorcombining). In both cases gain will be achieved.

TBS operation


3.4 Mechanics

The mechanics consists of equipment cabinets, subracks with motherboards,power supplies, cooling fans and base station internal cabling.

The cabinet provides housing for the RF, BB, and transmission units as well aspower supplies, internal interfaces between different units via motherboards andcabling, base station external interfaces, EMC & EMI protection, andequipment cooling with fan units. The maximum capacity of 8 carriers requirestwo cabinets.

3.5 Capacity

The carrier capacity of the base station is one to eight TETRA carriers. Becauseone carrier has four traffic channels the maximum capacity is 31 trafficchannels plus one control channel. One to four carrier version (TBS basiccabinet) is available at present. The current 4--carrier TBS has a provision forfuture expansion to eight carriers by using the TBS extension cabinet (TBSbasic cabinet + TBS extension cabinet). The TBS extension cabinet will beavailable in the future.

The amount of units in different subracks is listed in Appendix A.

3.6 External interfaces

The external interfaces for transmission and antenna cabling are routed via thecabinet top.

3.6.1 Air interface

The air interface is designed according to the TETRA standards (specificationETSI 300392--2) to support multivendor terminal interoperability.

The maximum output power of the transmitter is 25 watts (TETRA power class2), measured at the 2--4 channel cavity combiner output. The dynamicsensitivity of the receiver is better than -- 106 dBm measured at the receivermulticoupler input.

The base station is designed to support a maximal coverage. This is achievedby diversity reception.

There are alternative frequency ranges e.g. 380 -- 400 MHz or 410 -- 430 MHz.

3.6.2 Alarm interface

The external alarm interface on the cabinet top has connectors for 14 customerspecific inputs.

Product Description


3.6.3 Power supply

There are two alternative power supplies: one for 48 V DC input and the otherfor 230 V AC. The power supply connectors are on the cabinet top.

3.6.4 Transmission interface

The base station supports the following transmission interface:

G.703 / 2Mb/s as standard

3.6.5 MMI interface

The MMI interface is used for monitoring states of the units, gathering statisticsas well as alarm and failure messages, changing operational parameters of theunits, and the HW--configuration of the TBS.

Specifications


Appendix A. Specifications

A.1 Technical data

Frequency bands (Rx/Tx) 380--400 MHz and 410--430 MHz

TX power (max) at combiner output 25W

RX dynamic sensitivity > --106 dBm

Duplex spacing 10 Mhz

Switching range <5 Mhz

Carrier spacing 25 kHz

TX combining cavity, hybrid

Diversity receiving 2 or 3 receiver diversity

Supply voltage 230 VAC (184VAC...276 VAC)

--48VDC (--36VDC...--60VDC)

--60VDC (--44VDC...--75VDC)

Power consumption 4--carr. TBS8--carr. TBS

Width

2.3 kW max.4.2 kW max.

60 cm single,122 cm with extension cabinet

Depth 48 cm

Height 162 cm

Weight

Operating temperature

200 kg, 380 kg with extension cabinet

--10_ C .... +55_ C

TBS 400 transmit mode: downlink continuos (D--CT)

TBS management integrated in the DXT exchange

O&M functions local configuration

alarm handling and test services

Product Description


A.2 Number of units in TBS

Table 1. Maximum amount of units in cabinets

Unit Quantity/ basiccabinet

in extension cabi-net

TTRX 4 4

PSU 4 4

RMC 3 (3 dividers)

TRUx 1

COMBINER 2 2

TBC 2

TSD 1

NoteThe extension cabinet will be available in the future.

A.2.1 Common subrack units

Table 2. Common subrack equipping

Unit Name Status Note

TRUx Transmission Unit Always re-quired

1 per TBS

TBC1 TETRA Base Station Controller 1 Always re-quired

1 per TBS

TBC2 TETRA Base Station Controller 2 Optional

TSD TETRA Syncronization and D--bus adapter

Optional 1 per TBS

TRMC1 TETRA Receiver Multicoupler 1 1 per RX antenna



Specifications


A.3 Operational conditions

The TBS cabinet is designed to be used at weather protected locations. TheTBS complies with ETSI 300 019--1--3 Class 3.1E.

The actual temperature range of the TBS is --10 to +55_ C and therecommended +15 to 35_ C.

A.4 Storage

The TBS in transportation package conforms to ETSI 300 019--2--1 Class 1.2for environmental conditions during storage.

The subracks and packing withstand mechanical conditions described inspecification ETS 300 019--2--1 Class 1.2 vibration and shock test.

A.5 Tranportation

The TBS in transportation package conforms to ETSI 300 019--2--1 Class 2.2for environmental conditions during storage.

The subracks and packing withstand mechanical conditions described inspecification ETS 300 019--2--1 Class 2.2 vibration and shock test.

Product Description


dedeIn

References


References

This section lists only the documents that this document refers to. Forinformation about the complete set of documentation, refer to Nokia TETRASystem: Description of Documentation.

Nokia TETRA Base Station Documents

The complete set of TBS customer documents is in the TBS Operating Manualbinder.

TETRA Glossary

Nokia TETRA System: Glossary. Contains definitions for the terms andabbreviations for all Nokia TETRA System documents.

Product Description


dedeIn

Glossary


Glossary

This section explains the terms and concepts that are used in this document.

<term in italics> Description of term

Abbreviations

ADC Analog Digital Converter

BER Bit Error Ratio

CPU Central Processing Unit

D--BUS Internal control/data bus of TBS

D1--BUS Internal Data bus of TBS, used for LAPD signalling

D2--BUS Internal control bus of TBS between TBC and TBBMs

DMR Digital Microwave Radio

DSP Digital Signal Processor

DXT Digital Exchange of Nokia TETRA Network

FER Frame Error Ratio

GPS Global Positioning System

MMI Man Machine Interface

MML Man Machine Language, the common language used in MMI

O&M Operating and Maintenance

OCXO Oven Crystal Oscillator, TBS master clock unit

PPS Pulse Per Second

Q1--BUS O&M connection to transmission equipment

RAM Random Access Memory

RF Radio Frequency

RRI Radio Relay Interface (indoor unit of DMR)

TBC TETRA Base station Controller

Product Description


TBBM TETRA Base Band Module (part of the TTRX)

TBS TETRA Base Station

TEM TETRA Encryption Module

TRUx Transmission Unit, e.g. TRUA

TSD TETRA Synchronization and D--bus adapter

TSIP GPS monitoring software

TTRX TETRA Transceiver

Index


Index

A

air interface, 15

antenna diversity, 10

C

cabling, 12

capacity, 10, 15carrier, 9, 10

D

diversity, 14, 15

F

frequency range, 15

L

local mode, 11

M

management, 10

mechanical subsystem, 15

MMI interface, 16

N

network topologies, 9

O

output power, 15

P

plug--in units, 12

R

radio network, 9

S

subracks, 12

T

transmission interfaces, 16

transmission subsystem, 14trunk interface, 9