No.453 AUG 2015 · Interview Network Architecture Directions for Continuously Developable Networks in the Future Hiroaki HARAI ... HANA is a tech-nology that automatically allocates

No.453 AUG 2015

Network Architecture 1 Interview

Directions for Continuously Developable Networks in the Future Hiroaki HARAI

4 Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Node Realization of large-capacity and energy-efficient optical networks providing diverse services

Hideaki FURUKAWA

6 Host-ID/Locator Split Network ID-based communication in future networks

Ved P. Kafle

8 Application of HANA Automatic Network Configuration Technology to SDN Automating SDN network address allocation to provide rapid service and prevent misconfiguration due to human error KenjiFUJIKAWA

FEATURE

Cover photoA Layer 3 switch supporting Hierarchical Automatic Number Allocation (HANA), which is a technology for building networks automatically. It is installed and being used in the working network of the Network Architecture Laboratory.

CONTENTS

No.453 AUG 2015

10 Report on WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY PARK 2015

11 Report on Interop Tokyo 2015 Exhibition

12 Awards

TOPICS

14 Announcement of NICT Open House 2015

INFORMATION

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

1NICT NEWS AUG 2015

As the amount of information continues to increase dramatically in our informa-tion and communications society, optical network technologies are becoming a key element supporting the flow of that infor-mation. NICT Photonic Network Research Institute is conducting research and devel-opment on this key element, optical net-works, to make continuous growth of in-formation and communications possible in the future. One of three laboratories of the Institute, Network Architecture Laboratory conducts research on architectures that will set the direction for new generation net-works. We spoke with Dr. HARAI, Director of the laboratory.

■Network Architecture Concepts

─ To begin with, I'd like to ask about what "Network Architecture" is, as both the name of your laboratory, and the theme for your research?

HARAI Architecturemeansconfigurationandstructure. Briefly, it refers to the principlesusedinbuildingthetypeofnetworkrequired.Currentlywhen thinkingaboutnetworks, thekeyconceptsareopticalcommunicationstech-nology,andmobilenetworkingtechnology.Inthis context, ourmission is to bring togetherconditionsforcreatingbetternetworks.Orga-nizationally,NetworkArchitectureLaborato-rybelongstothePhotonicNetworkResearchInstitute, but on the other hand,many of theresearchersalsobelongtotheNewGenerationNetworkLaboratory,which studiesnewgen-erationnetworks,andhowopticalandmobilenetworksshouldbebuilt.

■The Major Evolution Process of Networks

─ But your research themes aren't limited to photonic networks, are they?

HARAI No,theyaren't.Itisgoodtobuildthe

core part of the network using optical tech-nology,foritshighspeedandenergysavings,but the network cannot be built with opticaltechnology alone. Considering usability ofuserterminals,mobiletechnologyisverysig-nificant,soitisimportanttoconsolidatehowopticalandmobiletechnologiesaretobecon-nected.

As the name suggests, fiber-to-the-home(FTTH) has brought optical connections toindividual households, so they can use high-speed, high-capacity communications. How-ever,wealsowanttomakeitpossibletocon-necttoadvancednetworkssmoothlywhenweareout,andnotjustwhenweareathome.

The transition has also begun from IPv4,the current main communication protocolusedontheInternet,totheIPv6specification.IPv6isthesuccessorofIPv4andusesunique,128-bit numbers for addresses. The result isthat currently, a mix of these two differentcommunicationsformatsisbeingused,andweneed to consider how networks will connectandfunctiontogetherinthisenvironment.

■Objectives and design goals for future networks

─ What are the goals of research and de-velopment in the Network Architecture Laboratory?

HARAI TheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion (ITU) has summarized the objectivesanddesigngoalsforfuturenetworksinITU-TRecommendationY.3001.NICTplayedama-jor role in establishing this recommendation,which gives four objectives and 12 designgoalsforfuturenetworksinY.3001(Figure1).

Thefourobjectivesare:1.Serviceawareness2.Dataawareness3.Environmentalawareness4.SocialandeconomicawarenessRelatedtothesefourobjectives, thereare12,more-detaileddesigngoals,andsomeofthesedesign goals, such as NetworkManagement,

Interview

Network Architecture

Directions for Continuously Developable Networks in the Future

Hiroaki HARAIDirector of Network Architecture Lab-oratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

After completing his doctoral course, he joined Communications Research Labora-tory (currently NICT) in 1998. Engaged in research and management related to opti-cal networks and future networks. Ph.D. in information and computer science.

2 NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Mobility, Reliability and Security, EnergyConsumption, and Identification, are particu-larlycloselyrelatedtoR&DobjectivesatNet-workArchitecture Laboratory (Figure 2). Ofcourse,thedesigngoalsarecloselyinter-relat-ed,sowealsoconsidertheotherdesigngoals.

■Preparing for further traffic increases

─ Specifically what sorts of research topics are you working on?

HARAI One is R&D on optical packet andcircuit network service infrastructure tech-nology.Therearevarious issueswithcurrentnetworkinfrastructure,suchaslimitationsonthespeedofelectronicprocessing,andpowerconsumption.Astheamountoftrafficincreas-es,withouttechnicalinnovation,itisestimatedtheamountofpowerconsumedinthecommu-nicationsfieldwillmorethandoublebetween2005and2020.

Avarietyofusersusenetworksforavariety

ofservicesinavarietyoflocations.However,there are issues in handling individual usagescenarios,suchasthelackofaservicethatcanchange,withflexibilityandaccordingtocon-ditions,betweenusingpackets,forwhichqual-ityfluctuatesbecausethebandwidthissharedbyalargenumberofusers,andusingcircuits,whichoccupychannelsexclusively.Anotheristhatthebandwidthofopticalcannotbeutilizedfullyduetotheneedtoconvertbetweenopti-cal and electrical signals.As such, it is hardtosaythatelectronicandopticalnetworksareadequatelyintegratedatthistime.

One technology under R&D to resolvethese issues is called optical packet and cir-cuit integrated networking (Figure 3). As anexample, we developed optical packet andcircuit integratednodeequipment incollabo-rationwithPhotonicNetworkSystemLabora-tory of PhotonicNetworkResearch Institute.It is the first-ever integrated implementationof100Gbpsopticalpacketandopticalcircuitswitchingfunctionsandwillenableprovision

ofstableopticalpacketandcircuitservices.Italsopromisestoyieldsignificantgainsinen-ergyefficiency.Thisopticalpacketandcircuitintegratednodeequipmentisinstalledandop-eratingonourtestnetwork.

■Technologies supporting the future society in 2020

─ I understand you are advancing research on managing network connections…

HARAI Yes, R&D on autonomous manage-ment mechanisms for highly available net-worksisanothermajorresearchtopic.

ItconcernsanissuewiththecurrentInter-net,thatcongestionandfaultsarenothandledadequately due to the difficulty ofmanagingnetworkscross-sectionallyandhandlingfluc-tuationsinscale.Theresearchattemptstoad-dressthelackofproceduresforautomaticallyassigninglocatorstocommunicationsdevicesandterminalsandconfiguringroutes.

Interview


Figure 1 The four objectives and 12 design goals for future networks in ITU-T Recommendation Y.3001

Directions for Continuously Developable Networks in the Future

3NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Figure 3 Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Network

Specific technologies being developed forthis include Hierarchical Automatic NumberAllocation(HANA)andHeterogeneityInclu-sionandMobilityAdaptationthroughLocatorIDSeparation (HIMALIS).HANAisa tech-nology that automatically allocateshierarchi-cal locatornumbersso that rapidhandlingofnetwork congestion and faults can be imple-mented.Theideaofincreasingredundancybysecuringmultipleroutes itself isnotnew,butfeaturesofHANAincludedoing it automati-callyandmakingmultiple routes availableatalltimes.Wearecurrentlybuildingthismech-

anismintocommercialroutersandconductingtests.

TheobjectiveofHIMALIS is to facilitatecommunication among heterogeneous net-works and movement of terminals betweennetworksbyseparatingIDsandlocators.Withcurrenttechnology,whenaterminalmovestoa different network, its ID also changes andtheconnectionislost.ByseparatingIDandlo-cator,suchtransitionscanbemadesmoothly,withoutinterruptingtheconnection.

Suchdevelopments,includingopticalpack-ets and circuits, are not vague objectives in

thefuture,andtargetshavebeensuggestedin"Creating Networks to Support Future Soci-ety in2020".Our research themesareusabletechnologiessufficienttoimplementthisinthenearfuture.

Figure 2 Research and development targets of the Network Architecture Laboratory


Figure 1 Developed Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Node

ptical fiber has the excellent char-acteristics of high speed and ability

to transport signals over long distances, and huge optical networks have now been built spanning the entire world. NICT has proposed an Optical Packet and Circuit In-tegrated Network, as a new generation op-tical network able to provide a diversity of communications services and even higher capacity and lower power consumption than current networks. Here, we introduce Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Node equipment that utilizes Optical Switching technologies, which is the key for imple-menting this new type of network.

■Background

Information and communications technol-ogies are being used increasingly around theworldtoresolvesocialissuessuchasrealizinganenergyefficientsociety.Withthistrend,theamountofdataflowingontheInternetandmo-bilecommunicationsnetworkscontinuestoin-crease,andthecapacityoftheopticalnetworksaccommodatingthisdataneedstobeincreasedwhile controlling power consumption.Circu-lationofavarietyofcontentisalsoexpectedso

functionalitytoprovidevarioustypesofdatacommunicationisneeded,fromsmall-capaci-ty,best-effortdatacommunications(e.g.:Webbrowsing,e-mail,collectingsensordata,etc.)tohigh-quality,large-capacitydatacommuni-cation(e.g.:digitalcinemadistribution,remotemedicine,etc.).

Current optical networks can providehigh-quality communications when usingoptical circuits provided by optical add-dropmultiplexer equipment, but this also presentsdifficulties in thatcircuitsareexclusivelyoc-cupiedandswitchingcircuitsistimeconsum-ing.Becauseofthis,electronicroutersareusedwith packet switching, making it possible toprovide services flexibly and to use resourc-esefficiently.However,theswitchingprocessinelectronicroutersconsumes largeamountsofpower.Assuch,wehaveproposedanOp-tical Packet and Circuit Integrated network(OPCI network) which provides both pack-et and circuit switching to enable a diversityof communications services and also realizelargecapacityandlowpowerconsumption,byintroducing technology that performs opticalswitchingwithoutconvertingthedatatoelec-tronicsignals.

O

Hideaki FURUKAWASenior Researcher Network Architecture Laboratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

After receiving a Ph.D. in engineering in 2005, he joined NICT in the same year. He is a member of the AKARI Architecture De-sign Project at NICT. His research interests include photonic information technology and photonic networks.


Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated NodeRealization of large-capacity and energy-efficient optical networks providing diverse services

5NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Figure 2 Optical buffer in optical packet switch

Figure 3 Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated network testbed

■Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Node

InanOPCInetwork,bandwidthisallocat-ed separately for optical packet switching oroptical circuit switching, and both switchingformatsareprovidedthroughwavelengthmul-tiplexing technology.We have developed thefirstever,OpticalPacketandCircuitIntegrat-edNode ("Optical IntegratedNode") that si-multaneouslyrealizesbothopticalpacketandopticalcircuitswitching,usingdeviceswede-velopedearlierthatimplementthelatesttech-nologiesforopticalpacketsignals(Figure1).

The Optical Integrated Node was devel-oped for use on ring networks, and is com-posedmainly of optical packet switches, op-tical add-drop multiplexer equipment (usedfor both wavelength resource adjuster andoptical circuit switch), optical packet trans-ceivers, optical circuit transceivers, and anopticalpacketandcircuitintegratedcontroller(Figure1).Opticalpacketsandopticalcircuitsare separated using optical add-drop multi-plexerequipmentand theallocationofwave-lengthsforeachswitchingtypecanbeadjust-ed according to service volumes. Interfaceswith client networks are 10 gigabit Ethernet,with optical packet transceivers convertingformat to100Gbpsoptical packets andopti-cal circuit transceivers converting format to10Gbpsopticalcircuits.Ontheringnetwork,

optical packets and circuits are transmittedwithinthesamefiber,andopticalpacketsandcircuits can terminate at any node accordingtoinstructionsfromtheintegratedcontrollers.

■Optical packet switch with optical buffer

For this equipment, a new optical bufferwas implementedtopreventpacketcollisionson output ports when optical packets arriveat the same time on different input ports ofthe optical packet switch. The optical packetswitchesarecomposedofSemiconductorOpti-calAmplifier(SOA)opticalswitches,aswitchcontroller,opticalfiberdelaylines,andburst-modeopticalamplifiers(Figure2).Inordertopreventcollisions,theswitchcontrollercalcu-latesthedelayneededforeachopticalpacketto avoid collisions, and then sends a controlsignaltotheSOAopticalswitchintheopticalbufferoftheoutputportitisbeingsentto,sothattheopticalpacketistransmittedtoanopti-

calfiberdelaylinethatwilladdthecalculatedamountofdelay.Collisionsattheoutputportsareavoidedbytransmittingallopticalpacketsthat could collide through optical fiber delaylineswithadelayofsuitablelength,sotheyareoutput atdifferent times.Wehaveconductedexperimentsverifyingoperationasdescribedabove,andconfirmed thatcollisionsbetweenopticalpacketscanbeavoidedinthisway.

■Construction of a testbed network and use for Internet access

Tocontributetostabilitythroughimprove-ments while demonstrating stable operationof theOptical IntegratedNodes, we built anOPCInetworktestbedbetweenthelaboratorynetworkandanInternet-connectedaccessline(Figure3).Thetestbednetworkwasbuiltus-ingthreeOpticalIntegratedNodesandJGN-XdarkfiberbetweenOtemachiandKoganei.Weare continuously conducting experiments us-ingterminalsinthelaboratorycommunicatingwith external servers, transporting datawithoptical packets and measuring the resultingtraffic.

In the future,wewill conductvariousex-periments on the testbed network to makeOPCI networks more practical, and increaseour technical capabilities to a level that net-workoperationispossible.


Figure 1 ID-based communication framework

n Network Architecture Laboratoy, we have been researching identifier

(ID)-based communication for future net-works, and developing a new network ar-chitecture, called HIMALIS (Heterogeneity Inclusion and Mobility Adaptation through Locator ID Separation), which is better than the current Internet's IP address-based communication. In this article, we give an overview of ID-based communication, HIMALIS network components, features, implementation, testbed, and related stan-dardization activities.

■Overview of ID-based communications

ID-based new communication methodsare in the demand of the future informationsociety because they would enable users tosecurely communicate from any place, withanydevice,andfreelymoveandreliablycon-nect toany typeofnetwork,withoutdisrupt-ing ongoing communication services. In thecurrent Internet's location-based communica-tionmethod, IPv4andIPv6networksarenot

interoperable because their addresses (whichrepresentlocations)areincompatible.TheID-based communication can interoperate theseheterogeneous networks. The ID-based com-municationhasalsobeendiscussed inITU-TStudyGroup13,whereNICThasactivelycon-tributedforthedevelopmentofrelatedITU-TRecommendations,suchasY.3031"Identifica-tionframeworkinfuturenetworks".

Figure 1 shows an ID-based communica-tionframework.Themajorfunctionalcompo-nentsof the ID-basedcommunication frame-work are ID allocation and revocation, IDresolution, ID-based control, and ID-to-pathmapping.

■HIMALIS network components

HIMALIS is a representative architectureof the ID-based communication framework,whereuniquehostnamesandIDsareassignedto devices (called hosts) and used for iden-tification, discovery, and authentication ofdevicesaswellasforthedeliveryofcommu-nicationservicessecurelyoverheterogeneousnetworks.

HIMALIScontainstwotypesofnetworks:accessnetworkandtransitnetwork,whichareconnected through gateways (Figure 2). Theaccess and transit networks canusedifferentcommunication methods, for example, IPv4and 6LoWPAN (a lighter version of IPv6 forlow power sensor devices) in the access net-worksandIPv6inthetransitnetwork.Besidethe user devices, the access network also in-cludes other entities such as authenticationagentandnameresolutionagent.Inthetransitnetwork,therearenameresolutionregistriestostorethemappingbetweenhostnamesandIDs,locators(i.e.addresses),andsecurityparame-ters.Togetsensingdata fromthesensor, themobiledevicefirstfindstheIDandlocatorofthesensorbysendingaquerytoanameresolu-tionregistry,andthenauthenticatesthesensorandestablishesanend-to-endsecureID-basedcommunicationsessionintheapplicationlay-er.Innetworklayers,thecommunicationtakesplace using different locator-based methods(e.g. IPv4 and IPv6). The gateways performnetworkprotocoltranslation.

HIMALISprovidessimpleAPIs(Applica-


I

Host-ID/Locator Split NetworkID-based communication in future networks

Ved P. KafleSenior ResearcherNetwork Architecture Laboratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

After completing his doctoral degree, he joined NICT in 2006. He is currently involved in the design, implementation, and evalu-ation of new generation network architec-tures and protocols, as well as standardiza-tion activities.

7NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Figure 2 ID-HIMALIS network components

tionProgrammingInterfaces),whicharesim-ilartothecurrentInternetsocketAPIsintheirnames and formats, except that IDs are usedinsteadofIPaddressesintheparameterlists.It supportsbothTCPandUDP transport ser-vices.Therefore,anapplicationdeveloperwithexperienceinthesocketprogrammingcaneas-ilydevelopHIMALISapplications.

■Implementation and testbed

Wehave implementedHIMALISnetworkfunctionsonLinuxUbuntusoftwareandhaveevaluated the performance of the HIMALISID-based communication in heterogeneousnetworks.Figure3showsanexampleperfor-manceofseamlesshandoverwhenthemobiledevicemovedfromIPv4toIPv6networks.Inthiscasethemobiledevicewasdownloadingafilefromaserverlocatedinadifferentaccessnetwork.

We have also studied HIMALIS's otherperformancesandhavefoundthatHIMALIS's

end-to-end throughput (i.e. amount of dataexchanged between the applications per unittime)andlatencyincurredingatewaysforfor-wardingpacketsbyperformingprotocoltrans-lationarealmostsimilarwiththosemetricsoftheInternetandrelatedtechnologies.Howev-er, HIMALIS brings about additional capa-bilitiesofefficientlyhandlingofmobilityandinteroperating heterogeneous networks, thusenhancing reliability, security, and flexibilityin communications.

HIMALIS technology has been availableinNICT in three typesof testbed systems tostudy its functions and performance in dif-ferent environments such as sensor devicesashosts,physicalcomputersashosts,oronlyvirtualmachinesashosts.

Tomakemobilesensorhosts,wehave in-stalled HIMALIS host functions in varioussensorsandtablets.ThemobilesensorsandthemobilesensorgatewayshavebeenincludedintheJOSEtestbedwhichisaJapan-widelarge-scalesmartICTserviceplatformtestbedcon-

sistingofa largenumberofwirelesssensors,cloud storage and computing resources. TheJOSEtestbedisavailabletouseintheJapanesedomesticandinternationaljointprojects.

For the second type of testbed, we havedeveloped a software package which canbe installed in several computers to make aHIMALIS network consisting of hosts andgateways, which communication with oneanother by using WiFi and Ethernet. ThatHIMALISnetworkcanbesetupintheuser'spremise and connected through the InternetwithanotherHIMALISnetwork,suchasonealready setup in NICT Koganei, to performvariousexperiments.

The third type of testbed can be devel-oped in a single PC bymakingmultiple vir-tualmachines(VMs)andinstallingHIMALISsoftware on them. This standalone testbedhasbenefitthat itallowsustoconfiguretwo/threeHIMALISaccessnetworksandatransitnetwork in the samePC and study about theHIMALIScapabilitiesintermofthecommu-nicationinheterogeneousnetworks,mobility,and failure recovery. We have been distrib-uting the testbed software to interestedusers(university professors, researchers, or stu-dents),which can be used for the purpose ofeducation on new networking technology aswellascollaborativeresearchwithNICT.

■Standardization and future work

HIMALIStechnologyrelatedstandardiza-tionactivitiesareprogressinginITU-TStudyGroup 13. The HIMALIS name resolutionregistrystructureandprocessesaresimilartothosespecifiedinthegroup.

In futurework,weapplyHIMALIS tech-nologycomponentstoIoT(InternetofThings)andM2M(MachinetoMachine)applicationswhichhaveapotential tocreaterevolutioninICTbusinessandservices.

Figure 3 Packets receiving in mobile device during seamless handover in heterogeneous access networksThe handover process started at 0.5 second with wireless link setup in the IPv4 network, and then followed by the configuration of an IPv6 locator, authentication, and location update. During the handover process, the mobile device kept on receiving packets from the IPv4 network until it performed location update in the correspondent devices by sending a signaling message contain-ing its new IPv6 locator. After the location update, it started receiving packets through the IPv6 network. For a little time, some packets were also relayed from the IPv4 network to the IPv6 network to avoid possible packet loss during the handover.


Figure 1 Example of IP address configuration on an enterprise network using the HANA-capable L3 switch

he Network Architecture Laborato-ry has researched and developed

Hierarchical Automatic Number Allocation (HANA), which is a technology for auto-matically allocating addresses. By apply-ing HANA to Software Defined Networking (SDN), which can be centrally controlled with a network device controller, rapid pro-vision of SDN networks is implemented.

■Background

Software Defined Networking (SDN) de-fines how communication is controlled usingsoftware,soanSDNcontrollerisabletocon-trol network devices on the whole networkcentrally, and flexible networks can be built.Forexample,dataflowcanbecontrolledauto-matically.However,tocontrolanSDN,controladdressesmustbeconfiguredonnetworkde-vices,anduntilnow,manualaddressconfigu-rationwasrequiredwhenconfiguringanSDNnetwork.

■Research and Development of HANA Technology

Our laboratory has researched and devel-opedHANAasatechnologytoallocateIPv4and IPv6addresses automatically andhierar-chically,sothatnetworkscanbebuiltautomat-ically. Till now, automatic address allocationbyDHCPhasbeenusedonlyonterminalde-vicessuchasPCsandsmartphones,butHANAenablesIPaddressestobeallocatedautomati-callytonetworkdevicesaswell.HANAmakeschanges to network configuration easier, sothatnetworkoperationandadministrationaremoreflexible.

Ifthelayer3(L3)switchesusedtobuildanenterpriseorothernetworksupporttheHANAprotocol,onlythecoreswitchneedstobecon-figuredwith an IP address in order to set IPaddresses on thewhole network. IP address-esforeachoftheportsonthecoreswitchandports on the other switches are set automati-cally(Figure1).AnL3networkwith1,000orso PCs would previously require setting 100individual addresses, but now requires only

T

Kenji FUJIKAWASenior ResearcherNetwork Architecture Laboratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

After completing graduate school, became Assistant Professor in the Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University in 1997, Se-nior Researcher at ROOT Inc. in 2006, and joined NICT in 2008. Engaged in research on new generation network architectures.


Application of HANA Automatic Network Configuration Technology to SDNAutomating SDN network address allocation to provide rapid service and prevent misconfiguration due to human error

9NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Figure 2 HANA-capable L3 switch

Figure 3 Building SDN networks automatically with HANA

one address configuration, reducing addressconfigurationtaskstooneone-hundredth.

We have collaboratedwithmanufacturerstobuildtheHANAnetworkdeviceautomaticIPaddressallocationmechanismintothemostpopularL3switchhardwaredevices(Figure2).Earlier,weachieved2Gbpsoneachof8portsonatestPCusingsoftware,butbyimplement-ing in hardware, we are able to use HANAwith10Gbpsperformanceoneachof48ports.UsingHANA-capableL3switches,theIPad-dress only needs to be set on the L3 switchthat is the core of the network, and all otherL3switches,PCsandotherdeviceshavetheirIP addresses set automatically.UsingHANAgreatlyreducesworkfornetworkadministra-torsandnetworkdowntimeduetohumaner-rorinnetworkconfiguration,sonetworkswithhighavailabilitycanbebuilt.TheseL3switch-eshavebeen installed inNICTHeadquartersBuilding5andareintrialoperation.

■Building SDN Networks Automatically with HANA

SDNcanbeused to control networkflowautomatically,butwhenbuildinganSDN, IPaddresses assigned to network devices mustbe designed and configuredmanually.When

designing,theadministratorcreatesanetworkmanagement table, and based on it,managesthe networkdevices (Figure 3).Human errorcanoccureasilyduring thiswork,and ifanychangestoconnectionsarerequired,thesameworkmustberepeated.

By using HANA for configuration of anSDNnetwork,designandconfigurationofIPaddressesisautomated,andatthesametime,the networkmanagement table is also gener-ated automatically. The SDN controller thenperforms flow control and other tasks basedontheIPaddressesgeneratedautomaticallybyHANA.UsingHANA to automate construc-tionofSDNnetworks,SDNnetworkservicescan be provided rapidly. The workload fornetwork administrators also decreases, andhuman error in configuring IP addresses canbeprevented.

■Future Prospects

With SDN, even more networks will bebuilt dynamically for various services in thefuture. HANA contributes to building thesenetworksautomatically.

NICT is providing trial SDN networks,suchasResearchInfrastructureforlarge-ScalenetworkEnvironment(RISE)andJapan-wide

OrchestratedSmart-sensorEnvironment(JOSE),thatcanbebuiltdynamicallyforvariousser-vices.WewilldemonstratetheeffectivenessofHANAby building it into these networks sotheycanbebuiltautomatically,andwillcon-tinuetodevelopitinsociety.


FromMay 27 to 29, 2015, at TokyoBig Sight,NICT heldtheWirelessTechnologyPark2015(WTP2015)incollaborationwith theYRPR&DPromotionCommitteeand theYRPAca-demiaCollaborationNetwork.

WTPisaneventspecializinginwirelesstechnologyR&D,composedofanexhibitionpresentingthelatestwirelesstechnol-ogies,seminarsfocusedontrendsinwirelesscommunications,and academic sessions for university research laboratories topresenttheirresearch.Forthistenthyearoftheeventthethemewas,"SocialInnovationevolvedwithWirelessTechnology".Itwasagreatsuccess,withattendanceofapproximately45,000.

Approximately120organizationsexhibitedattheexhibi-tion,and the latest technologies related to5th-generationcel-lularphonesattractedgreat interest fromvisitors. Inplannedexhibits, therewere seven facilities exhibiting in the "Intelli-gentTransportationSystems (ITS)" pavilion, 18 facilities ex-hibiting in the "Latest technologies in position and locationdata—Quasi-ZenithSatelliteandIndoorPositioningandAppli-cations"pavilion,andtherewerealsoverypopularsectionsforICTUtilization,IndustryCollaboration,andHistoryExhibits.

NICThad15exhibitsofthelatestresearchresultsshowingpromiseforuseinrealsociety,including"LTESystemutilizingTVWhite-spaces", "JustPuton!SheetMediumCommunica-tion forData andPowerTransmissions", "Synergy of PhasedArrayWeatherRadarwithSocialBigDataUtilizationforDi-sasterPrevention/Reduction",and"ApplicationofMultilingualSpeechTranslation".

Theseminarsweredivided into26coursesby theme,andthere were 125 presentations by experts from industry, aca-demia and government. NICT contributed 11 presentations,including"NICTSession—NICT'slatesttrendofresearchesinwirelessfield",and"SocialICT—SocialRenovationwithICT–ICTSolutionstotackleSocialIssues–".

Wewillcontinuetoworkevenhardertoenrichtheofferingfornextyear,andholdaneventthatwillbesatisfyingallofourparticipants.

Planning Office, Wireless Network Research Institute

From "NICT Session—NICT's latest trend of researches in wireless field"

Mr. Soichiro TAKASHIMA (second from the left), Mayor of Fukuoka City, receiving an explanation of VoiceTra4U, the application soft-ware of multilingual translation

NICT booth, crowded with many visitors

Report on WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY PARK 2015

11NICT NEWS AUG 2015

NICTpresentedexhibitsatInteropTokyo2015,aneventspecializingin networking technology held from June 10 to 12, 2015, atMakuhariMesse inChibaCity. The themewas "NewGenerationNetworkTech-nologiesCultivating theBigData Era", andmany visitors came to seeourexhibitsofthelatestresearchresultsonnewgenerationnetworktech-nologies,testbedtechnologies,andnetworksecuritytechnologies.Inonecornerofourbooth,wealsoheldminilecturesonthelatestnetworkandnetworksecuritytechnologies,whichoverflowedintothewalkwaywithvisitors.Thisreflectedthehighdegreeofinterestinthesetechnologies.

Wealsoprovidedexhibit space toventurecompanies thatpresentedatthe"FY2014KigyoukaExpo",inordertofacilitatebusinessmatchingwithattendees.

●Multi-tenant SDN for the IoT era

Weintroducedmulti-tenantSDNallocation technology,whichefficientlybuilds in-frastructure-sharingmanagementplatforms,suchasIoTinfrastructuresandnetworksthatcanquicklyaccommodatemultipletenantsreachingtoedgeservices,withsep-aratetenantsforservicesthatrequiredifferentfunctionality(routing,securitystan-dards,etc.)anddifferentdevicesthatcomprisetheservice.

●FY2014 Kigyouka Expo venture company

Six of the venture companies that presented at "FY2014 Kigyouka Expo" onMarch4,2015,madepresentationsoftheirbusinessesandnewservices.

NICTER Mini lecture

Exhibit content

●NICTER (Network Incident analysis Center for Tactical Emergency Response)An exhibit was given demonstrating NICTER, which provides a highly accurate,real-timeanalysisofcyberattacksoccurringonthenetwork,togetherwithspin-offtechnologiesincludingNIRVANA,DAEDALUS,NIRVANAKai,andafunctionallyadvancedNIRVANAKai.

Report on Interop Tokyo 2015 Exhibition


AwardsActive Media Technology 2014 (AMT2014) is an international

conference on technologies using Web data, sensor data and other digital data. We are very pleased that our paper was chosen for this award, the only one among the 54 accepted papers. Our research extracts false information from the tens of millions of tweets posted during the Great East Japan Earthquake, using expressions correcting the posts. This is a result of research done jointly with Tohoku University, and we will continue increasing our efforts in the future.

Junta MIZUNO/ Researcher, Information Analysis Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute

Keita NABESHIMA, Naoaki OKAZAKI, Kentaro INUI (Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University)

The 2014 Web Intelligence Congress

The 2014 Web Intelligence CongressAMT 2014 BEST PAPER AWARD

（August 13, 2014）

“Mining False Information on Twitter for a Major Disaster Situation"

Koji ZETTSU /Director of Information Services Platform Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute

The Database Society of Japan (DBSJ)

DBSJ Young Researcher's Achievement and Contribution Award

（March 3, 2015）

For excellent research in the field of databases and great contributions to the activities of the Database Society of Japan

It is a great honor to receive the DBSJ Young Researcher's Achievement and Contribution Award. I intend to continue to work to produce synergistic effects between the society and NICT, to respond to the demands of the big & open data era. I would like to offer a heartfelt thanks to all who have supported me till now.

From the left: Masaru KITSUREGAWA, Director of the Database Society of Japan, Koji ZETTSU

Information Processing Society of Japan

Specially Selected Paper（March 15, 2015）

"Correlation Analysis between DNS Honeypot and Darknet toward Proactive Countermeasures against DNS Amplification Attacks"

This paper analyzes a type of DoS attack called a DNS Amplification attack and shows that precautionary and early response measures are possible. The paper further develops research results submitted to the 2014 Symposium on Cryptography and Information Security (SCIS), and was submitted to the Information Processing Society of Japan Journal. I am very proud to have received a paper award from SCIS, and then this honor from IPSJ. I would like to express deep gratitude to all supporting me in receiving this award.

Daisuke MAKITA/Researcher, Cyber Tactics Laboratory, Cybersecurity Research Center

Junji NAKAZATO/Researcher, Cybersecurity Laboratory, Network Security Research Institute

Daisuke INOUE/Director of Cybersecurity Laboratory, Network Security Research Institute

Katsunari YOSHIOKA (Yokohama National University), Tsutomu MATSUMOTO (Yokohama National University), Jumpei SHIMAMURA (clwit, Inc.)

The Association for Natural Language Processing

Best paper award (First place)（March 18, 2015）

"Issues on Annotation Guidelines for Japanese Predicate-Argument Structures"

This research discusses how to formulate two essential problems in natural language processing in Japanese, i.e., discourse analysis such as zero anaphora resolution and predicate-argument structure analysis, in which the relationship between a predicate and its arguments (noun phrases) is identified, and how to create a dataset for training and evaluating the analyzers for these tasks. Our paper was selected as the Best Paper among those published in the Journal of Natural Language Processing in 2014. Being encouraged by this award, we will continue to contribute to advancing natural language processing technology.

Ryu IIDA/Senior Researcher, Information Analysis Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute

Atsushi FUJITA/Senior Researcher, Multilingual Translation Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute

Yuichiroh MATSUBAYASHI (Tohoku University), Ryohei SASANO (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Hikaru YOKONO (National Institute of Informatics),Suguru MATSUYOSHI (University of Yamanashi), YusukeMIYAO(NationalInstituteofInformatics),KentaroINUI(TohokuUniversity)

From the left: Keita NABESHIMA, Junta MIZUNO

From the left: Daisuke INOUE, Daisuke MAKITA, Junji NAKAZATO

From the left: Ryu IIDA, Atsushi FUJITA

13NICT NEWS AUG 2015

Takashi UEGUCHI/Senior Researcher, Brain Imaging Technology Laboratory, Center for Information and Neural Networks

Ultra-high-field MRI is expected to improve the spatial resolution of functional neuroimaging because of its intrinsically high signal sensitivity. However, the enhanced susceptibility to a wide variety of physiological noise often limits overall performance in detecting weak signal changes related to brain activity. Our study aims to develop a novel method that reduces cardiac-related physiological noise. We are elated and honored to receive the award for this study. We would like to express our deep gratitude to everyone else involved in this research.

Japan Society of Medical Physics

The Congress Chair Award of the 109th Scientific Meeting of the Japan Society of Medical Physics

（April 19, 2015）

Improved T1 correction for cardiac-triggered fMRI at ultra-high field

From the left: Takuya TSUGAWA, Yoko ODAGI, Hiroki ICHIKAWA

Takuya TSUGAWA/Planning Manager, Strategic Planning Office, Strategic Planning Department

Akinori SAITO (Kyoto University) (Leader), Yoko ODAGI (Kyoto University), Hiroki ICHIKAWA (Ehime University), Noriyuki NISHI (Fukuoka University)

The "Dagik Earth" is an educational project with a three dimensional digital globe to enable users in schools or at home to enjoy science and the latest research related to topics including the earth, the planets and space weather. We have participated in this project since it began, especially in areas such as large-screen display system development. We have used it in outreach such as exhibition events and visiting lectures. We are very happy that these activities have been evaluated so highly. We would like to express deep gratitude to everyone providing support and encouragement .

The Commendation for Science and Technology by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Prizes for Science and Technology (Public Understanding Promotion Category) （April 15, 2015）

Public Understanding Promotion of Earth and Planetary Science with Three-Dimensional Digital Globe

In collaboration with the Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), we have shown that measuring surface roughness of non-metallic materials based on terahertz wave effective reflectance is possible. It promises to improve the accuracy of thermal transmission rate calculations in the future, by applying it for non-destructive testing of heat-shield coatings for thermal power generation gas-turbine blades. Thank you to all related persons who provided cooperation in advancing this research.

The Institute of Industrial Applications Engineers

Best Paper Award, The 3rd International Conference on Industrial Application Engineering

（March 31, 2015）

Surface Roughness Measurement Using Terahertz Waves

Maya MIZUNO/Senior Researcher, Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute

Kaori FUKUNAGA/Research Manager, Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute

Tetsuo FUKUCHI, Norikazu FUSE (Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry)

From the left: Hiroaki HARAI, Satoshi SHINADA, Hideaki FURUKAWA

The New Technology Development Foundation

The Ichimura Prize in Science for Excellent Achievement

（April 23, 2015）

Development of Optical Packet and Circuit Integrated Node

This prize winning R&D performs optical switching on diverse content with optical packet and circuit integrated node equipment that simultaneously provides both optical packets, which share communication channels and use resources efficiently, and optical circuits, which obtain high quality by occupying channels exclusively. It will realize reduction in power consumption and more efficient use of communications resources. We offer deep gratitude to everyone in industry, universities and other facilities, and associates at NICT for their cooperation toward receiving this award. We will work to contribute in this field even more in the future.

Satoshi SHINADA/Deputy Director of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

Hiroaki HARAI/Director of Network Architecture Laboratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

Hideaki FURUKAWA/Senior Researcher, Network Architecture Laboratory, Photonic Network Research Institute

From the left: Kaori FUKUNAGA, Maya MIZUNO

NICTNEWSNo.453AUG2015〈再生紙を使用〉

ISSN2187-4034(Print)ISSN2187-4050(Online)

NICT Open House 2015October 22 & 23 (Thu.&Fri.) 9:30–17:00 (Closing time: 16:30 on Oct. 23)

NICTwillbeholdingthe"NICTOpenHouse2015",introducingourlatestresearchresultsthroughlectures,laboratorytours,demonstrations,andpanelexhibits.＊Fordetails,pleaseseetheupcomingOpenHouseWebsite.

Location: NICT Headquarters 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795

Inquiries: NICT Open House 2015 Office Public Relations Department, NICT TEL: +81-42-327-5322

Opening Ceremony Lectures

Laboratory Tours

October 22 (Thu.) from 10:00(Free admission, no reservations required)

October 22 (Thu.) afternoon October 23 (Fri.) morning and afternoon(Free admission, no reservations required)

■Special Lecture

Dr. Hideyuki TOKUDAProfessor of Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University

■Lectures by NICT researchers on the latest research results

■ Introducing the latest research activities through laboratory tours.

Course A | Advanced optical semiconductor device production environment : Clean room

Course B | Electronic holography three-dimensional image

Course C | Visualizing scientific Big Data

Course D | Terahertz transceiver systems: Research utilizing untapped radio frequencies

Course E | Telescopes enabling optical communications with satellites

Course A

Technical Exhibition

October 22 & 23 (Thu.&Fri.)(Free admission, no reservations required)

■Many demonstrations and panel exhibits of the latest research results

Course B Course C Course D

Course E

Reservations required October 22 & 23 (Thu. & Fri.)(Free admission)

4-2-1Nukui-Kitamachi,Koganei,Tokyo184-8795,JapanTEL:+81-42-327-5392FAX:+81-42-327-7587 URL:http://www.nict.go.jp/en/Twitter:@NICT_Publicity

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Documents

No.453 AUG 2015 · Interview Network Architecture Directions for Continuously Developable Networks in the Future Hiroaki HARAI ... HANA is a tech-nology that automatically allocates