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7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
1/29
AUTOPSI, EUTHANASIA DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM, ADAB MENGHADAPISAKARATUL MAUT DAN PEMULASARAN JENAZAH
Oleh:
Prof.Dr.Eddy Mr! Sl"#, S$PD,K%AI
&K UMP Ple#'()
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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B)"#( h*+*# *!o$"- 'edh #y! dl# Il#/B)"#( $*l h*+*#
#e#'o()+r +*'*r( *(!*++e#*d"( #y!(y d"*!o$".A$lh hl !ere'*! !"d+ +(
#e#'e'(" l#rh*# d" l#+*'*r (/
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A*!o$" - 'edh #y! dlh $e#er"+(
#y! de()( $e#'edh(. Ad !") #0#*!o$". Pertama, *!o$" (!o#", y"!**!o$" y() d"l+*+( #h"1 +edo+!er(*(!*+ #e#$el2r" "l#* (!o#". Kedua,
*!o$" +l"(", y"!* *!o$" *(!*+ #e()e!h*"'er')" hl y() !er+"! de()( $e(y+"!- #"l 2e(" $e(y+"! e'el*# #y!#e("())l. Ketiga, *!o$" fore("+, y"!*
*!o$" y() d"l+*+( oleh $e(e)+ h*+*#!erhd$ +or'( $e#'*(*h( !* +e#!"(y() #e(0*r")+( *(!*+ #e()e!h*" e''+e#!"(, #e(e(!*+( "de(!"!(y, d(
e')"(y.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Pr *l# +o(!e#$orer 'er'ed$e(d$! #e()e(" h*+*# *!o$"!ere'*!. Pe(d$! #ere+ !er'elh d*.Ad y() #e#'oleh+( +e!") *!o$"
!ere'*! de()( l( d$! #e1*2*d+(+e#lh!( d" '"d() +e#((,+ed"l(, d( +eeh!(. N#*(, d 2*)y() #e()hr#+( +e!") *!o$"
!ere'*! de()( l( d$! #el())r+ehor#!( #y! y() hl "!* !elhd"lr() 'erdr+( 'd N'"M*h##d S1, 3Memecahkan tulang
mayat sama dengan memecahkan
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Mer*2*+ $d +ed* $e(d$! !ere'*!,y 'er$(d()( 'h1 $d h*+*#l(y, *!o$" y() d"l+*+( !erhd$#y! !erlr() dl# Il# +re( *dh
!er#*+ +!e)or" #el*+" 2e(4h. H(y2, dl# +ed( !er!e(!*, *!o$"#e#() d"'*!*h+( *(!*+ +e$erl*($e(y"d"+( y() d$! #e(e(!*+( ("'
or() '(y+ d( +l* !"d+ d"l+*+(,+e#d*hr!((y le'"h 'er. M+,de()( #e#oho( #$*( +e$d Allh,*!o$" "!* '" 2 d"l+*+(. Wallahu
alam
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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A*!h(" Me(*r*! H*+*#Il#
E*!h(" e0r 'h 'erl dr" 'h5*((" e* y() 'err!" 3'"+6, d( !h(!o,y() 'err!" 3+e#!"(6 -U!o#o, 7889:;;.
Dl# 'h Ar' d"+e(l de()( "!"lh
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Dl# $r+!"+ +edo+!er(, d"+e(l d*
#0# e*!h(", y"!* euthanasia aktifdan euthanasia pasif.E*!h(" +!"fdlh !"(d+( do+!er #e#$er0e$!+e#!"( $"e( de()( #e#'er"+(
*(!"+( +e dl# !*'*h $"e( !ere'*!.S*(!"+( d"'er"+( $d ! +ed($e(y+"! $"e( *dh ()! $rh !**dh #$" $d !d"*# +h"r, y()
#e(*r*! $erh"!*()( #ed" *dh !"d+#*()+"( l)" '" e#'*h !* 'er!h(l#. Al( y() '"(y d"+e#*++(do+!er dlh 'h1 $e()o'!( y()d"'er"+( h(y +( #e#$er$(2()$e(der"!( $"e( er! !"d+ +(
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Contoh euthanasia aktif, #"l(y deeor() #e(der"! +(+er )( de()(r +"! y() l*r '" eh"()) $"e(er"() +l" $"()(. Dl# hl "(", do+!er
y+"( y() 'er()+*!( +( #e("())ld*(". Ke#*d"( do+!er #e#'er"(y o'!de()( !+r( !"())" -oerdo" y()e+"r(y d$! #e()h"l()+( r
+"!(y, !e!$" #e()he(!"+($er($((y e+l")* -U!o#o,7889:;.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Adapun euthanasia pasif, dlh!"(d+( do+!er #e()he(!"+($e()o'!( $"e( y() #e(der"!+"! +er, y() e0r #ed" *dh!"d+ #*()+"( l)" d$!d"e#'*h+(
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Pe()he(!"( $e()o'!( "(" 'err!"#e#$er0e$! +e#!"( $"e(. Al( y()l4"# d"+e#*++( do+!er dlh +re(+ed( e+o(o#" $"e( y() !er'!,e#e(!r d( y() d"'*!*h+( *(!*+$e()o'!( ()! !"())", ed()+( f*()"$e()o'!( #e(*r*! $erh"!*()( do+!er*dh !"d+ efe+!"f l)". Terd$! !"(d+( l"(y() '" d")olo()+( e*!h(" $"f, y"!*!"(d+( do+!er #e()he(!"+( $e()o'!(!erhd$ $"e( y() #e(*r*! $e(el"!"(#ed" #"h #*()+"( e#'*h. Al( y()d"+e#*++( do+!er *#*#(y dlh+e!"d+##$*( $"e( dr" e)" e+o(o#",y() !"d+ ##$* l)" #e#'"y" d(
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Contoh euthanasia pasif, #"l+(
$e(der"! +(+er y() *dh +r"!", or()+"! y() *dh dl# +ed( +o#,d"e''+( 'e(!*r( $d o!+ y() !"d+
d hr$( *(!*+ e#'*h. A!*, or()y() !er+e( er()( $e(y+"! $r*%$r*y() 2"+ !"d+ d"o'!" #+ d$!#e#!"+( $e(der"!. Dl# +o(d""
de#"+"(, 2"+ $e()o'!( !erhd$(yd"he(!"+(, +( d$! #e#$er0e$!+e#!"((y -U!o#o, 7889:;;.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Me(*r*! De+lr" L"'o( =, e*!h("
dr" *d*! +e#(*"( d"'e(r+( d(#er*$+( h+ ')" $"e( y() #e(der"!+"! y() !"d+ d$! d"e#'*h+(. N#*(dl# $r+!"+(y do+!er !"d+ #*dh
#el+*+( e*!h(", +re( d d*+e(dl. Per!#, do+!er !er"+! de()( +odee!"+ +edo+!er( 'h1 " d"!*(!*! #e#'(!*#er"()(+( $e(der"!( $"e( T$" d" ""
l"(, do+!er #e()h"l()+( (y1 or() l"(y() 'err!" #el())r +ode e!"+ +edo+!er("!* e(d"r". Ked*, !"(d+( #e()h"l()+((y1 or() l"( #er*$+( !"(d+ $"d( d"
(e)r #( $*(. -U!o#o, 7889:;.
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P(d()( Syr"h
Il#Syr"h Il# #er*$+( yr"h
e#$*r( y() ##$* #e()!" e)l
$erol( d" e)l 1+!* d( !e#$!.Ber"+*! "(" ol*" yr"h !erhd$e*!h(", '"+ e*!h(" +!"f #*$*(e*!h(" $"f.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Syr"h Il# mengharamkane*!h("+!"f, +re( !er#*+ dl# +!e)or"$e#'*(*h( e()2 -l%
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Dan janganlah kamu membunuh jiwa yang
diharamkan Allah (untuk membunuhnya)melainkan dengan sesuatu (sebab) yangbenar.-FS Al%A(# : >
Dan tidak layak bagi serang mu!min
membunuh serang mu!min (yang lain)"kecuali karena tersalah (tidak sengaja)6 -FSA(%N" : =7
Dan janganlah kamu membunuh dirimu"sesungguhnya Allah adalah Maha #enyayangkepadamu.-FS A(%N" : 7=
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Dr" dl"l%dl"l d" !, 2ellh 'h1
hr# h*+*#(y ')" do+!er #el+*+(e*!h(" +!"f. Se'' !"(d+( "!*!er#*+ +e dl# +!e)or" $e#'*(*h(e()2 -l%
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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E*!h(" P"fAd$*( h*+*# e*!h(" $"f, e'e(r(y
f+!(y !er#*+ dl# $r+!"+#e()he(!"+( $e()o'!(. T"(d+( !ere'*!
d"l+*+( 'erdr+( +ey+"(( do+!er'h1 $e()o'!( y) d"l+*+( !"d+ d)*((y l)" d( !"d+ #e#'er"+( hr$(e#'*h +e$d $"e(. Kre( "!*, do+!er
#e()he(!"+( $e()o'!( +e$d $"e(,#"l(y de()( 0r #e()he(!"+( l!$er($( '*!( dr" !*'*h $"e(.B)"#(+h h*+*#(y #e(*r*! Syr"h
Il#/
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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J1'( *(!*+ $er!(y( "!*, 'er)(!*()
+e$d $e()e!h*( +"! !e(!() h*+*#'ero'! -!%!d1" "!* e(d"r". 5+(", $+h'ero'! "!* 12"', #(d*',#*'h, !*#+r*h/ Dl# #lh "(" d $er'ed(
$e(d$!. Me(*r*! 2*#h*r *l#, #e()o'!"!* 'ero'! "!* h*+*#(y #(d*' -*((h,!"d+ 12"'. N#*( e')"( *l# d y()#e12"'+( 'ero'!, e$er!" +l()( *l#
Sy"yh d( H('"lh, e$er!" d"+e#*++(oleh Sy"+h*l Il# I'(* T"#"yh -U!o#o,7889:8.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Me(*r*! A'd*l Fd"# Zll*# -==:@h*+*# 'ero'! dlh #(d*'. T"d+ 12"'.Hl "(" 'erdr+( 'er')" hd"!, d" #($d !* "" N'" SA #e(*(!*! *#!(y
*(!*+ 'ero'!, ed()+( d" "" l"(, d
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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$esungguhnya Allah A%%a Wa &allasetiap kali menciptakan penyakit" Diaciptakan pula batnya. Maka
berbatlah kalian'-HR Ah#d, dr"A( RA
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A'd*l Fd"# Zll*# -==:@= #e()!+(
'h1 2"+ $r do+!er !elh #e(e!$+('h1 " $"e( !elh #!" or)( o!+(y,#+ $r do+!er 'erh+ #e()he(!"+($e()o'!(, e$er!" #e()he(!"+( l! '(!*
$er($( d( e')"(y. Se'' $ddr(y $e())*(( l!%l! '(!* !ere'*!dlh !er#*+ +!""! $e()o'!( y()h*+*#(y *((h, '*+( 12"'. Ke#!"(o!+ !ere'*! 'err!" e0r $!" !"d+#e#*()+"(+( l)" +e#'l"(y +eh"d*$(')" $"e(. Me+"$*( e')"( or)( "!ll"((y #"h '" 'erf*()", !e!$ !"d+ +(d$! #e()e#'l"+( +eh"d*$( +e$d$"e(, +re( or)(%or)( "(" $*( +(
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Berdr+( $e(2el( d" !, #+ h*+*#
$e#()( l!%l! '(!* +e$d $"e(dlh *((h, +re( !er#*+ +!""!'ero'! y() h*+*#(y *((h. Kre( "!*,h*+*# e*!h(" $"f dl# r!"
#e()he(!"+( $e()o'!( de()( #e(0'*!l!%l! '(!* $d $"e( e!elh#!"(yr*+(y or)( o!+h*+*#(y'oleh -2"4 d( !"d+ hr# ')" do+!er. Jd"
e!elh #e(0'*! l!%l! !ere'*! dr"!*'*h $"e(, do+!er !"d+ d$! d$!d"+!+( 'erdo d( !"d+ d$! d"#"(!"!())*() 21' #e()e(" !"(d+((y "!*
-Zll*#, ==:@= Z*h"l", ==@:>88 U!o#o,7889:7 .
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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N#*( *(!*+ 'e'(y !())*() 21'do+!er, d"yr!+( d(y "4"( dr" $"e(,1l"(y, !* 1h"%(y -1h" dlh or()
y() d"!*(2*+ *(!*+ #e()1" d(
#e()*r* $"e(. J"+ $"e( !"d+#e#$*(y" 1l", !* 1h", #+ 12"'d"$erl*+( "4"( dr" $"h+ $e()* -Al%
H+"#Ul"l A#r" -A*dh, ==7 : >77%>79.
llh* l#.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Ad' Terhd$ Or() S+"!d( S+r!*l M*!
Ber'r
B" 'er')" 0er"! +e$d or() y() 'e(r%'e(r d$! d" $er0y.
T"d+ #e()hr$ +e#!"(.B(y+%'(y+ 'er#*h'h.
Ber!1+l e$e(*h(y +e$d Allh ST.
Ber"h+!"r de()( 'ero'!.
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Ad' Me(2e()*+ Or() y()+"!
Me(do+( d( 'er!*"h e#o) Allh#e()()+! $e(y+"!(y d( #e(*0"+(!(y.
Me(d#$"()" 1l*$*( dl# +ed( +o#$l)" #e(2el() +r!*l #*! de()(ell* #e#'0 d( #e()2r+( y!%y!*0" Al
7/24/2019 NNI Utopsi 2013
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Me("())l
Me(*!*$+( #! or() y() 'r* 2 #e("())l
de()( #e()*$ #*+ or() !ere'*!. Kre('"(y or() y() #e("())l #!(y #e#'*++re( #e()"+*!" 2l((y r*h.
Me()"+! de()( e*!* d" e$*!r( 12h(y. Hl"(" d"l+*+( )r #*l*! dr" " #yy"! !"d+ !er'*+.
Mele$ '2* y() d"+e(+( oleh " #yy"! +e!"+ "#"h h"d*$. D( #e())(!"(y de()( +"( y()l"(, y() #e(*!*$" el*r*h !*'*h(y.
Me()*'*r+( de()( e)er, +re( '"l or()'er"#( y() #e("())l #+ #y!(y +('er+! 3e$!%0e$! '1 +* +e +*'*r6. Sed()+('"l y() #e("())l e'l"+(y #+ " +( 'er+!3M* d"'1 +e#( y "(" /6.
#e#"(!+( #f +e$d or() y() $er(h d"4l"#"
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Ad' Terhd$ Or() 5() M* Me("())l
B"l ())o! +el*r) +"!, !erl"h! +"! $rhd( e$er!"(y +( #e(*2* +r!*l #*!#+ ')" ())o! +el*r)(y d"*((h+(#el+*+( hl%hl 'er"+*!
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Me#$o""+( or() !ere'*! +e rh +"'l!-!*2"h "ll
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Me(!l