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NixonWhat do we already know about Nixon? His political background, personality and leadership style?
You won’t have Nixon to kick around anymore!Early Political Career
Congressman CA(R)SenatorLost 1960 Presidential ElectionLost 1962 gubernatorial election
Blamed Media – Why?
1968 won presidential election by a very narrow margin
Silent MajorityThose who were fed up the racial violence, war,
crime and protests.Concerned with:
Rising Violence Crime Drug
Abuse
Sexual Permissive-ness
Lack of Patriotis
m
Return of Social
Order
Stagflation
High unemployment
High Inflation
Struggling &
Stagnant Economy
The Economic Liberal1969 Family Assistance Plan
$2400 in money, food stamps and subsidies to ALL Americans
1971 Federal economic controls to slow inflation90 day wage and price freeze
Social ConservativeAppealed to Catholics and Urban
VotersOpposed abortionOpposed pornographyMoney to parochial schoolsNo Forced integrationNo school busingAppointed conservative justices to
Supreme Court
Foreign PolicyWorked to withdraw troops from Vietnam
Peace with HonorVietnamization
The Nixon Doctrine
Détente- - Relaxation of tensions - Aimed at S.U. and China
Realpolitik- A political policy based on practical rather than idealistic concerns
- U.S. could not be only nation responsible for defending the free world
Realpolitik
Designed by Henry Kissinger (Sec of State)
Dealt with powerPlay Soviet Union off of China.
Recognized mainland as legit. government.
China rejoined UN.
DetenteEasing of Tensions
with USSRPeaceful
coexistence or cooperation
Met with Leonid Brezhnev, Soviet Premier
USSR in 1972
Berlin Agreement Ease travel restrictions between East and West
BerlinRecognized E. German Govt.Would stop trying to reunify Germany
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I)Limits the production of intercontinental
missiles and submarine missiles.Restricted anti ballistic missiles
WatergateThe third rate burglary that led to the downfall of a president.
WatergateAbuse of power by Committee to Re-
Elect President (CRP or CREEP)Plumbers used illegal wiretaps, break-ins
and proposed fire bombings! Illegal campaign contributions were
launderedDesigned to increase president’s personal
wealth
June 17th, 1972
Seven people arrested breaking into the DNC Headquarters in Watergate Hotel.
Public largely uninterested.Became aware of cover up and
connection to White House.
What ensues is chaos!
CoverupPaid the burglars
over ½ mil.Over a year later it
was revealed the White House was involved.
25 officials were tried and convicted.
Smoking GunIt was revealed that Nixon had
recordings of his meetings.Investigators demanded their release.Nixon fired anyone involved.Supreme Court ordered the tapes
released.Nixon agreed with an 18 ½ min gap.
Woodward and Bernstein
Young Washington Post reporters.Printed evidence of President’s
involvement in the cover-up.Received information from a secret
source – Mark Felt.AKA Deep Throat
CongressThe House of Representatives planed to
charge Nixon with 3 counts of impeachment.Mainly obstruction of Justice.
Nixon resigns on August 9th 1974.
Your Task…Imagine that “All the President’s Men” had
access to today’s technology.
Read the remainder of the text on Watergate.
Summarize the events and personalities involved as if it occurred on a Facebook wall via Text messaging or even Twitter.
You must include a minimum of 3 personalities.
You must include a minimum of 15 posts/texts. They should be longer than LOL!
Ford takes office and appoints Rockefeller as VP.
For two years America was led by men who were not elected to office.
America lost faith in the Executive branch. What are some reasons?
Ford and Carter
Ford 1913 - 2006Born in Omaha,
Nebraska.Grew up in, Michigan. Starred on the
University of Michigan football team.
Yale, law degree. World War lieutenant
commander in the Navy.
25 years in Congress – House Minority Leader.
Ford Becomes President
First Vice President chosen under Twenty-fifth AmendmentSucceeding the first President
to resign. Tasked to master inflation,
revive a depressed economy, solve chronic energy shortages, try to ensure world peace.
Pardoned Nixon – Was this a good idea?
Ford’s Foreign PolicyPreventing a new war in the Middle East
Provided aid to both Israel and Egypt.Helped persuade the two countries to accept
an interim truce agreement. Détente with the Soviet Union
continued. President Ford and Soviet leader Leonid I.
Brezhnev set new limitations upon nuclear weapons.
Lost the 1976 election to Jimmy Carter.
Carter (1924 - ?)
Born Plains, Georgia.
Peanut farming, talk of politics, and devotion to the Baptist faith major part of upbringing.
Graduated from Naval Academy in 1946.
Troubled PresidencyHad to combat continuing economic
woes of inflation and unemployment. End of administration - an increase of nearly
eight million jobs and a decrease in the budget deficit.
Inflation and interest rates were at near record highs
Efforts to reduce them caused a short recession.
Gas Shortage – ask your parents!
Domestic Affairs
Energy shortageestablished national energy policy and
decontrolled domestic petroleum prices,Prompted Government efficiency
civil service increase.Created the Department of Education,
bolstered the Social Security system, and appointed record numbers of women, blacks, and Hispanics to Government jobs.
Improve the environmentexpanded the national park system;
protected 103 million acres of Alaskan lands.
Rise of Environmentalism
Foreign PolicyChampioning of Human Rights – Not
liked by USSR.Succeeded in ratification of the Panama
Canal treaties.Returned power in 2000.
Full diplomatic relations with China.SALT II nuclear limitation treaty with the
Soviet Union. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan caused the
suspension of ratification of the SALT II. 1980 Moscow Olympics – Boycotted1984 LA Olympics - Boycotted
Foreign Affairs
Camp David agreement of 1978
Helped bring amity between Egypt and Israel.
Influential in negotiation agreement between nations.
First meeting between leaders!
Sadat, Carter and BeginIsrael – return all land in Sinai PeninsulaEgypt – recognize Israel’s right to exist
Foreign Policy Problems
The seizure of hostages of the U.S. embassy staff in Iran.US supported Shah of Iran and offered treatment
for cancer.Students raided the embassy.Released all women and blacks – one
other hostage who became sick.
Pictures of the Crisis
When Reagan took office the hostages were released.444 days of captivity
Life After the Presidency
Continues to work towards human rights
Won Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for continuing work!
Questions
Neither man was re-elected. Where they bad presidents or was each
man faced with situations that had no good outcome?
What could each man have done differently?