NIRMA LIMITED - Gujarat Pollution Control Boardgpcb.gov.in/pdf/Nirma_Limited_EIA_Part_I.pdf · DRAFT RAPID ENVIR ONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR Installation of 16 MW (2 X 8

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OF

NIRMA LIMITED (HEALTHCARE DIVISION)

AT

Survey NoS. 403, 405, 406, 407 & 414,

Village: Sachana, Taluka: Viramgam,

District: AhmeDAbAD, GujArAt

PREPARED BY

AnAnd ConsultAnts (ISO 9001: 2008 Certified)

NABET/QCI ACCrEdITEd (S. N. - 3 of PA List)

16, EvErEst towEr, NaraNpura,

AhmedAbAd - 380013

Tel.: 079 27484871, Fax: 079 27480116 E-mail: [email protected]

AAUUGGUUSSTT 22001111

LIST OF CHAPTERS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.

TOR & Its Compliance

Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction & Purpose of the Study 1.1

1.2 Necessity of the Project 1.2

1.3 Objectives of the EIA Study 1.3

1.4 Site Accessibility 1.3

1.5 Size & Location of the Project 1.4

1.6 Study Area 1.5

1.7 Scope & Methodology 1.5

Chapter-2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Site Location & Description 2.1

2.2 Electricity Generation Capacity 2.1

2.3 Raw Material Details 2.1

2.3.1 Handling 2.2

2.3.2 Storage 2.2

2.4 Captive Power Plant 2.2

2.5 Main Components of CPP 2.3

2.5.1 Boiler & Auxiliaries 2.3

2.5.2 Steam Turbine and Auxiliaries 2.3

2.5.3 Water System 2.3

2.5.4 Lime Powder for desulphurization 2.4

2.5.5 Fire Fighting System 2.4

2.6 Description of Power Generation Process 2.5

2.7 Details of Hazardous Chemicals 2.8

2.8 Basic Resource & Requirements 2.8

2.8.1 Land Requirement 2.8

2.8.2 Water Requirement 2.8

2.8.3 Fuel Requirement 2.9

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO. 2.8.3.1 Fuel Feeding System 2.10

2.8.4 Electricity 2.10

2.8.5 Man Power 2.10

2.9 Pollution Potentials and its Control 2.11

2.9.1 Water Pollution 2.11

2.9.1.1 Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation 2.11

2.9.1.2 Effluent Treatment & Disposal System 2.12

2.9.2 Air Pollution 2.15

2.9.2.1 Flue Gas Emission 2.15

2.9.32.2 Fugitive Emission 2.16

2.9.3 Hazardous / Solid Waste Generation 2.18

2.9.4 Noise Pollution 2.19

2.10 Green Belt Development 2.20

2.11 Welfare/ Socio Economic Development Activities 2.21

Chapter-3 BASE-LINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

3.1 Pollution Control - Statutory Requirements 3.1

3.1.1 Air Quality Standards 3.1

3.1.2 Water Quality Standards 3.1

3.1.3 Noise Quality Standards 3.1

3.2 Air Environment 3.1

3.2.1 Baseline Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) 3.1

3.2.2 Locations of AAQ Monitoring Stations 3.2

3.2.3 Sample Analysis 3.4

3.2.4 AAQ Baseline Data 3.4

3.3 Meteorology 3.7

3.3.1 Baseline Data 3.7

3.3.1 A Primary Meteorological Data 3.7

3.3.1 B Secondary Meteorological Data 3.20

3.4 Water Environment 3.21

3.4.1 Base Line Data 3.21

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO. 3.4.2 Sample Analysis 3.22

3.5 Noise Environment 3.25

3.6 Land Environment 3.26

3.6.1 Topography 3.26

3.6.2 Soil 3.26

3.6.3 Baseline Data 3.26

3.6.4 Land Use Pattern as per District Census Record 3.19

3.6.5 Land Use Pattern as per Remote Sensing Study 3.32

3.7 Ecology/Bio Diversity 3.35

3.8 Socio-Economic Environment 3.58

3.8.1 Economics Structure 3.60

3.8.2 Demographic Structure 3.66

3.8.3 Availabilities of Basic Amenities 3.67

Chapter-4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT

4.1 Introduction 4.1

4.2 Impacts Identification 4.1

4.3 Impact Evaluation 4.2

4.4 Impact Assessment 4.3



4.6.1 Water Requirement 4.8

4.6.2 Waste Water Generation 4.8

4.6.3 Disposal of Effluent 4.8



4.9 Ecology 4.10

4.10 Socio-Economic Environment 4.11

4.11 Health & Safety 4.11

4.12 Forest/National Park/Sanctuary/Historical Place 4.12

Chapter-5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO. 5.1 Introduction 5.1

5.2 Objectives of EMP 5.1

5.3 Environmental Management Cell 5.2

5.4 Fire & Safety 5.3

5.5 Pollution Control Arrangements / Mitigative Measures

5.3

5.6 Monitoring of Environment 5.6

5.7 Green Belt Development 5.7

5.8 Cleaner Production 5.8

5.9 Occupational Health & Safety 5.9

5.10 Rain Water Harvesting 5.10

5.11 Risk Assessment 5.10

5.12 Do’s & Don’ts 5.10

5.13 Budgetary Allocation 5.11

Chapter-6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT


6.1.1 Air Pollution Control System 6.1




6.5 Ecology 6.4

6.6 Socio Economic Environment 6.5

6.7 Summary of the EIA Study 6.5

Chapter-7 CONSULTANT ENGAGED

LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1.1 Salient Features of the Project Site 1.4

2.1 Electricity Generation Capacity 2.1

2.2 List of Raw Material Requirement 2.1

2.3 List of Major Plant Equipments 2.2

2.4 Details of CPP 2.4

2.5 Details of Hazardous Chemicals 2.8

2.6 Break up of Land Area 2.8

2.7 Quality of Raw Water 2.9

2.8 Details of Fuel 2.9

2.9 Man Power Requirement 2.11

2.10 Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation 2.11

2.11 Technical Specifications of ESP 2.15

2.12 Details of Flue Gas Emission 2.16

2.13 Details of Hazardous/Solid Waste & its Management 2.18

3.1 Locations of AAQ Monitoring Stations 3.2

3.2 AAQ Testing Procedure 3.4

3.3 Ambient Air Quality 3.5

3.4 Latest Meteorological Records 3.7

3.5 Meteorological Records 3.18

3.6 Average Monthly Vapour Pressure 3.20

3.7 Average Monthly Rainfall 3.21

3.8 Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ground Water 3.23

3.9 Physico-Chemical Analysis of Surface Water 3.24

3.10 Noise Level in the Study Area 3.25

3.11 Physico-Chemical analysis of Soil 3.28

3.12 Percentage Distribution as per Land Use 3.30

3.13 Land Distribution in Study Area 3.30

3.14 Identified Villages for Socio-Economic Study 3.58

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 3.15 Economic structure -Main workers in study area 3.60

3.16 Economic structure -Marginal workers in study area 3.62

3.17 Economic structure -Total workers in study area 3.64

3.18 Demographic Structure 3.66

3.19 A Basic amenities available within the study area 3.68

3.19 B Villages according to Amenities and Abbreviations 3.74

4.1 Prediction of Impacts (During Construction Phase) 4.1

4.2 Prediction of Impacts (During Operation Phase) 4.2

4.3 Assessment of Predicted Impacts (During Construction Phase)

4.3

4.4 Assessment of Predicted Impacts (During Operation Phase)

4.4

4.5 Data used for the evaluation of the GLC 4.6

5.1 Pollution Control Arrangement/Mitigative Measures 5.4

5.2 Monitoring Schedules 5.6

5.3 Specific plan for green belt development 5.8

5.4 Cleaner Production 5.9

5.5 Budgetary Allocation 5.11

LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1.1 A Google Image showing Project Site 1.6

1.1 B Location of Project Site in Map 1.7

1.1 C Location of Project Site in Census Map 1.8

1.2 Plant Lay-out of Proposed Power Plant 1.9

2.1 Flow Diagram of Electricity Generation Process 2.7

2.2 Water Balance Diagram 2.12

2.3 Schematic Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant 2.14

3.1 Locations of AAQ Monitoring Stations 3.3

3.2 Wind Rose Diagram 3.19

3.3 Land Use Pattern in the Study Area 3.32

3.4 Environmental Information Center (EIC) Map 3.33

3.5 Percentage Distribution of Main Workers in Study Area

3.62

3.6 Percentage Distribution of Marginal Workers in Study Area

3.64

3.7 Percentage Distribution of Total Workers in Study Area

3.66

3.8 Basic Amenities Graph 3.76

5.1 Environmental Management Cell 5.3

LIST OF ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE NO. TITLE PAGE

NO. A Details of Air Cooled Condensers A-A

B Details of Utilization of Waste Heat A-B

C Geo Hydrology Study Report A-C

D Details of DCS System A-D

E Compliance of CREP Guidelines A-E

F A copy of CC&A Order & it’s Compliance A-F

G Details of Accident A-G

1.1 A copy of Terms of Reference (TOR) Letter A-1.1

2.1 CGWA NOC Letter for Ground Water Withdrawal A-2.1

2.2 Treatability Study A-2.2

2.3 Fire Hydrant Lay out (Water Jet System) A-2.3

2.4 Lay out of Closed Ash Storage Silo A-2.4

2.5 A copy of TSDF Membership Certificate A-2.5

3.1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards A-3.1

3.2 Standards for Drinking Water as per IS, 10500 A-3.2

3.3 National Ambient Noise Quality Standards A-3.3

3.4 Photograph Showing Ambient Air Monitoring A-3.4

3.5 Photograph Showing Water Samples Monitoring A-3.5

3.6 Photograph Showing Soil Samples Monitoring A-3.6

3.7 Photograph Showing Flora-Fauna Survey A-3.7

4.1 Brief description of dispersion model A-4.1

4.2 Expected Ground Level Concentrations of Various Pollutants due to the Proposed Project

A-4.2

4.3 Ground Level Concentrations Contours A-4.3

5.1 A plan for Periodical Medical Checkup A-5.1

5.2 Rain Water Harvesting Scheme A-5.2

5.3 Risk Assessment Study Report A-5.3

5.4 Fire Hydrant Layout with pipeline network & fire hydrant pump

A-5.4

TTOORR && IITTSS CCOOMMPPLLIIAANNCCEE

REIA Study & Report for 16 MW (2 X 8 MW) Coal / Lignite Based CPP

Project Proponent: Nirma Limited (Healthcare Division) Consultant: Anand Consultants (ISO 9001:2008 Certified) 1.

TOR & ITS COMPLIANCE Clarifications, Information and Data as required in terms of reference (TOR)

issued by SEAC dated June 14, 2011.

A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance is as given below:

Sr.

No. Terms of reference Reference of TOR in EIA Report

1 Need for the proposed power plant shall be justified in detail.

Please refer Chapter – 1; Section 1.1 & 1.2 Pg. No. - 1.2

2 Project site specific details suchas distance of the project site from the nearest (1) Village (2) Water Body : Creek / Nallah / Lake / Pond / Reservoir / Canal (3) National Highway (4) State Highway (5) Railway line (6) Heritage site (7) National Park / Wild Life Sanctuary shall be included in the EIA report to be prepared covering one season (other than monsoon) data.

Please refer Chapter – 1; Table No. 1.1 Pg. No. - 1.4

3 Present land use pattern of the study area as well as the project area shall be given based on satellite imagery.

Please refer Chapter – 3; Section 3.6.5

Pg. No. – 3.32 to 3.34

4 Layout plan of the factory premises. Provision of continuous unobstructed peripheral open path within the project area for unobstructed easy movement of the emergency vehicle / fire tenders without reversing back. Mark the same in the plant layout.

Complied

Please refer Chapter – 1; Figure 1.2 Pg. No. - 1.8

5 Explore feasibilities to go for air cooled condensers instead of water cooled condensers in order to reduce the raw water requirement and thus stress on ground water.

Technical negotiation is in progress with different manufacturer / suppliers vide our Inquiry no. SMPS/0210-11/Power Plant/10 dated 27/05/2011 & Technical Offer of M/s. GEA Cooling Tower



Sr. No.

Terms of reference Reference of TOR in EIA Report

Technologies (India) Pvt. Ltd. for your reference as per Annexure-A.

6 Technical details of the proposed power plant along with details of strategy for implementation reuse/ recycle and other cleaner production options for reduction of wastes. Generation of waste gases and utilization of waste heat have to be set out.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 Tab No. 2.4 for technical details

Pg. No. - 2.2 to 2.7

Please refer Chapter – 5; Tab. No. 5.4 for cleaner production options Pg. No. - 5.8, 5.9

There will be no waste gases generation from the proposed CPP.

Please noted that boiler is provision with waste heat recovery equipments i.e. Air Pre Heater & Economizer, which can be taken care as per requirement shown in Layout of Boiler vide D11-0PD-12254 dated 23.03.2011 with detailed technical data sheet for your reference as per Annexure-B.

7 Copy of permission obtained from Central Ground Water Authority for withdrawal of ground water. Detailed report on geo-hydrological study of the area. Quality of ground water at site and impacts of ground water withdrawal on geo-hydrology and ground water quality.

Please refer Annexure – 2.1; Central Ground Water Authority NOC letter.

Please refer Annexure – C; Detailed report on geo hydrological study of the area. Please refer Chapter – 2; Tab. No. 2.7 Pg. No. - 2.9 for quality of ground water at site.

Please refer Chapter – 3; Section 3.4, Pg. No. - 3.21 to 3.25

Please refer Chapter – 4; Section 4.6, Pg. No. - 4.7 & 4.8 for the impact of ground water withdrawal.



Sr. No.


8 Detailed water balance (including reuse-recycle, if any) along with qualitative and quantitative analysis of the each waste stream to be generated from all sources including Boilers, Cooling Towers, RO/DM Plant etc. Details of methods to be adopted for the water conservation. Explore feasibility for complete waste water recycling / reuse to achieve zero discharge.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.9.1, Pg. No. - 2.11 to 2.14

Please refer Annexure – 2.2; Treatability study report for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

The condensate water from boiler will be used in DM feed plant and in existing cooling towers. So, actual water requirement will be reduce on 2nd day onwards.

The treated wastewater from ETP will be utilized in the gardening / plantation / dust suppression within the plant premises. No wastewater will be discharged outside the premises.

9 Characteristics of untreated and treated waste water. A detailed effluent treatability study vis-a-vis the adequacy and efficacy of the treatment facilities proposed for the waste water to be generated along with adequacy and efficacy report. The characteristics on which treatability is based shall also be stated.

Please refer Annexure – 2.2; Treatability study

10 Details of the ETP units including its capacity, size of each unit, retention time and other technical parameters and details about up-gradation in existing ETP (if any proposed) to take care of the increased waste water generation due to the proposed CPP.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Figure 2.3 Pg. No. – 2.14

11 Application wise break-up of treated effluent quantity to be

Please refer Chapter – 2; Figure 2.2, Pg. No. - 2.12



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recycled / reused in various applications like sprinkling on roads, storage yard and green belt development etc. Details about availability of sufficient open land for utilizing increased quantum of effluent due to the proposed power plant for plantation / gardening. How it will be ensured that treated effluent won't flow outside the premises linked with storm water during high rainy days.

Please refer Chapter – 2, Tab. No. 2.6, Pg. No. - 2.8 & Figure 2.2, Pg. No. - 2.12 for green belt area & discharge of treated effluent.

It may be noted that our total land area details are as follows:

Land Area: 22,00,000 sq. m.

Total Built up Area: 1,00,000 sq. m.

Road Area: 1,00,000 sq. m.

Open Area: 20,36,934 sq. m.

So, there will be no water is likely to go outside the premises.

12 One season site-specific meteorological data including temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall shall be provided.

Please refer Chapter – 3, Section 3.3.1, Pg. No. - 3.7 to 3.19

13 One complete season AAQ data (except monsoon) to be given along with the dates of monitoring. The parameters to be covered shall be in accordance with the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The location of the monitoring stations should be so decided so as to take into consideration the pre-dominant downwind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station in the upwind direction. There should be at least one monitoring station in the pre dominant downwind direction at a location where maximum ground

Please refer Chapter – 3, Section 3.2, Pg. No. - 3.1 to 3.7



Sr. No.


level concentration is likely to occur.

14 Impact of the project on the AAQ of the area. Details of the model used and the input the parameters used for modelling should be provided. The air quality contours may be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation, sensitive receptors, if any. The wind roses should also be shown on this map.

Please refer Chapter – 4, Section 4.5, Pg. No. – 4.4 to 4.7

Please refer Annexure – 4.1; Brief description of dispersion model used

Tab. No. 4.5; Data used for evaluation of GLC

Please refer Annexure – 4.3; Air quality contours

15 Quantity of fuel required, its source and transportation. Fuel analysis to be provided (Sulphur, ash content and heavy metals including Pb, Cr, As and Hg). A confirmed fuel linkage should be provided.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Tab. No. 2.8 Pg. No. - 2.9

16 Specific details of (i) Details of the utilities required (ii) Flue gas emission rate from each utility (iii) Air Pollution Control Measures proposed to each of the utility along with its adequacy.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Tab. No. 2.4 Pg. No. - 2.4 for utilities

Tab. No. 2.12, Pg. No. – 2.16 for details of flue gas emission

ESP will be installed as APCM and design is based on 100 mg/Nm3.

17 Technical details of ESP along with its adequacy, details of its operational controls with DCS, system for online monitoring of the pollutants from the stack etc. Details of provisions to be kept in ESP to ensure that in any case the air emission does not cross the GPCB norms including provision of standby field in the ESP, preventive maintenance, failure / tripping control system, guarantee from the ESP supplier, alternative

It may be noted that we are in the process of negotiating with 3 ESP suppliers. All of the stated 3 suppliers have guaranteed stack emission as stated below:

SPM = <150 SO2 = <100 * NOx = <50 *Our boiler will be Atmospheric Fluidized Boiler which will be fired with coal along with lime to control SO2 emissions.



Sr. No.


arrangements in case of the failure / tripping of the ESP etc.

Once we decide the ESP supplier, we shall be getting complete technical details from same as well as their “Adequacy Certificate”.

The general details of the ESP that we plan to purchase areas given in Chapter – 2; Tab. No. 2.11 Pg. No. - 2.15.

Please note that DCS system will be provided for online monitoring of pollutants. Technical Negotiation is in progress with different manufacturer / suppliers vide our Inquiry no. SMPS/0210-11/Power Plant/13 dated 08/06/2011 with technical specification as per Annexure-D.

18 List of all the sources of fugitive emission. Detailed plan for prevention and control of fugitive emission / dusting at each and every stage of fuel handling including unloading / loading / stacking/ conveyance etc. Detailed specifications and schematic diagram of water sprinkling system including number of sprinklers to be installed, pipe diameter and nozzle diameter of the sprinkler, quantity of water to be consumed by sprinklers etc.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.9.2.2 Pg. No. - 2.16 to 2.18

Please refer Annexure – 2.4 for details of closed ash storage silo for the handling of ash.

Please refer Annexure – 2.3 for details of water sprinkling system.

19 Impact of the project on local infrastructure of the area such as on road network due to transportation of fuel, ash etc. Whether any additional infrastructure would need to be constructed and the agency responsible for the same with time

Please refer Chapter – 4; Section 4.5 Pg. No. – 4.4 to 4.7

No additional infrastructure would be required for the proposed project.

The existing road is maintained under



Sr. No.


frame. State Highway Authority of India.

20 Details of flora and fauna duly authenticated should be provided. In case of any scheduled fauna, conservation plan should be provided.

Please refer Chapter – 3; Section 3.7 Pg. No. – 3.35 to 3.58

21 Details of management of the hazardous wastes to be generated from the project stating detail of storage area for each type of waste, its handling, its utilization and disposal etc. How the manual handling of the hazardous wastes will be minimized.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.9.3 Tab. No. 2.13, Pg. No. - 2.18 - 2.19

22 Detailed plan of ash evacuation, handling and utilization should be provided. Undertaking stating that ash pond shall not be constructed and it shall be stored in closed silos only should be incorporated.

A closed type ash silo will be provided for ash evacuation, handling & utilization. Please refer Annexure – 2.4 for the layout of closed ash storage silo.

No ash pond will be constructed for the handling of ash and it will be stored in closed silos only.

23 Copy of membership certificate of Common Environmental infrastructure like TSDF, if any taken, should be incorporated. Copies of MOU/ agreements done with actual consumers regarding utilization of fly ash, bottom ash etc. should also be incorporated.

Please refer Annexure – 2.5; TSDF membership

The fly ash will be selling to Cement manufacturer/RMC manufacturer units as required by MoEF. Bottom ash will be sold to paver block/ building blocks/ building bricks manufacturers. Nevertheless we are also am member of a TSDF site as can be seen from Annexure – 2.5.

The industry has not done any MOU/agreement for the utilization of ash.



Sr. No.


24 Details of measures proposed for the noise pollution abatement and its monitoring.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.9.4 Pg. No. - 2.19 - 2.20

25 A detailed EMP including the protection and mitigation measures for impact on human health and environment as well as detailed monitoring plan and environmental management cell proposed for implementation and monitoring of EMP. The EMP should also include the concept of waste minimization, recycle/reuse/recover techniques, energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum earmarked for environment pollution control measures.

Please refer Chapter – 5; Environmental Management Plan

26 Occupational health impacts on the workers and mitigation measures proposed to avoid the human health hazards along with the personal protective equipment to be provided to the workers. Provision of industrial hygienist and monitoring of the occupational injury to workers as well as impact on the workers. Plan for periodic medical check-up of the workers exposed. Details of work zone ambient air quality monitoring plan as per Gujarat Factories Rules.

Please refer Chapter – 5; Section 5.9 Pg. No. – 5.9 - 5.10

We shall carry out regular medical check-up in a manner as shown in the attached Annexure – 5.1.

We shall carry out work place ambient air monitoring on a regular basis as per Form 37 of Gujarat Factories Act.

27 Risk assessment including prediction of the worst-case scenario and maximum credible accident scenario related to fire and explosion issues due to storage and

Please refer Annexure – 5.3; Risk Assessment Report

Please refer Annexure – 5.4; Fire hydrant layout with pipeline network & fire



Sr. No.


use of fuel should be carried out. The worst-case scenario should take into account the maximum inventory of storage at site at any point in time. The risk contours should be plotted on the plant layout map clearly showing which of the activities would be affected in case of an accident taking place. Based on the same, proposed safeguard measures including on-site / off-site emergency plan should be provided. Measures to guard against fire hazards including details of automatic fire detection and control system & detailed fire control plan showing hydrant pipeline network, provision of DG sets, fire pumps, jockey pump, toxic gas detectors etc. should also be provide.

hydrant pump

28 Submit checklist in the form of Do’s & Don’ts of preventive maintenance, strengthening of HSE, manufacturing utility staff for safety related measures.

Please refer Chapter – 5; Section 5.12 Pg. No. – 5.10

29 Detailed five year greenbelt development program including annual budget, types & number of trees to be planted, area under green belt development (with map) budgetary outlay; along with commitment of the management to carry out the tree plantation activities outside the premises at appropriate places in the nearby areas and elsewhere.

Please refer Chapter – 5; Section 5.7 Pg. No. – 5.7 - 5.8



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30 Proposal of socio-economic development activities including community welfare program most useful in the project area for the overall improvement of the environment. Submit a detailed plan for social corporate responsibilities with appropriate budgetary provisions for the next five years and activities proposed to be carried out; specific to the current demographic status of the area.

Please refer Chapter – 2; Section 2.11 Pg. No. – 2.21

31 Details of scheme for surface as well as roof top rain water harvesting and ground water recharge revealing that quantify of ground water extraction would be compensated by equivalent or more quantity of rain water recharged with proper scientific calculations considering rainfall in the region catchment area land / soil characteristics, ground water recharge rate, duration of rain water harvesting etc. Details of provisions of pre-treatment of the rainwater in the case of surface run off Is to be harvested. Location of recharge percolation wells on the layout plan.

Please refer Annexure – 5.2; Rainwater Harvesting Scheme

32 Plan for compliance of the CREP guidelines for the proposed power plant.

Please refer Annexure – E; Compliance of CREP guidelines

33 Copy of the Consolidated Consent & Authorization (CC&A) order obtained for the existing plant and point wise compliance to the conditions stated therein.

Please refer Annexure – F; CC&A Order & it’s compliance



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34 Records of any legal breach if Environmental Laws i.e. details of show-cause notices, closure notices, closure orders etc. served by the GPCB to the existing unit in last three years and actions taken then after for prevention of pollution.

There are no show-cause notices, closure notices and closure orders received from GPCB for the existing unit in last three years.

35 Details of fatal / non-fatal accidents, loss of life or man hours, if any, occurred in the existing unit in last three years and measures proposed to be taken for avoiding reoccurrence of such accidents in future.

Please refer Annexure – G; Accident details

36 Status of the litigations filed against the company in past in the Court of Law. Whether any litigation pending and / or any direction / order passed by any Court of Law against the company, if so, details thereof.

Not Applicable

37 A tabular chart for the issues raised and addressed during public hearing/consultation & commitment of the project proponent on the same should be provided. An action plan to address the issues raised during public hearing and the necessary allocation of funds for the same should be provided.

The stated tabular chart will be submitted on completion of the public hearing/ public consultation process.

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 11 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN


Project Proponent: Nirma Limited (Healthcare Division) Consultant: Anand Consultants (ISO 9001:2008 Certified) 1.1

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION 11..11 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN && PPUURRPPOOSSEE OOFF TTHHEE SSTTUUDDYY M/s. Nirma Limited is a Rs. 5000 crores diversified multi product industrial

group, engaged in manufacture and marketing of Soap, Detergents,

Chemicals & Healthcare Products.

Today, the company’s two brands, Nirma and Nima, are household names

and distributed through more than 2 mill ion retail outlets across the country.

Recently Nirma has been adjudged as one of the super brands of India.

Headquartered in Ahmedabad, Gujarat the company has nine dispersed

manufacturing locations in the State, 40+ warehouses spread across the

country and the company employs about 15000+ people. Company’s

recent acquisition of USA based company has placed it in top ten world

producers of Soda Ash.

In January 2006, Nirma had taken over Core Healthcare Ltd (Core

Healthcare) located at Sachana in Ahmedabad district. The merger was

effective retrospectively from December 1, 2004. The Sachana unit

manufactures and sells large and small volume parenterals, also cal led

intravenous (IV) fluids, IV sets, and Medical devices.

Company is now planning to establish its own captive power generation

unit (16 MW (2 X 8 MW) coal/lignite based captive power plant) to satisfy

the requirements of healthcare facil ities. The idea behind it is to serve with a

better competitive product to the end users by virtue of reduction in power

cost by means of its own power and continuous uninterrupted power supply.

The proposed project falls under Category “B” of Project Activity No. 1(d) as

per the EIA Notification dated 14 th September 2006. The State Level Expert

Appraisal Committee (SEAC) for environmental appraisal had considered

the project during its meeting held on 28th April , 2011. The SEAC has

prescribed the Terms of Reference (TORs) for preparing EIA report on 14th

June 2011.



The REIA study has been done in accordance with the Terms of Reference

(TOR) provided by SEIAA vide letter No. EIA-10-2010-888-E/83798 dated June

14, 2011. A copy of TOR is given in Annexure – 1.1. A Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study report has been

prepared for this project based on summer season baseline environmental

quality data in project area. Identification & prediction of significant

environmental impacts due to proposed CPP along with Environmental

Impact Statement followed by delineation of appropriate Environmental

Management Plan are included in REIA Report. M/s. Nirma Limited has

entrusted Anand Consultants (ISO 9001:2008 Consultancy), Ahmedabad to

conduct Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment study for the proposed

project.

The purpose of this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to

provide information on the nature and extent of environmental impacts

arising from the construction and operation of the proposed project and

related activities taking place concurrently.

11..22 NNEECCEESSSSIITTYY OOFF TTHHEE PPRROOJJEECCTT The development of the power sector in the country since independence

has been predominant through the State Electricity Boards. In order to

supplement the efforts of the States in accelerating power development

and to enable the optimum util ization of energy resources, the Union

Government has permitted private participation in the power sector. With

the rapid industrial ization, successful rural electrification and large-scale use

of electricity for the irrigation purpose, the demand for electricity has

registered a significant growth. Also, it is expected that the on-going

l iberalization of the country's economic policy would accelerate the

industrial growth, which would further increase the demand for power.

Although several new power projects have been identified with a view to

bridge the gap between the demand and availabil ity, only a few could be

taken up for implementation due to financial and other constraints. The

present demand for electrical power continues to grow and will continue to

outstrip the available and planned generation capacity leading to chronic

shortage of available power and energy in the future years.



11..33 OOBBJJEECCTTIIVVEESS OOFF TTHHEE EEIIAA SSTTUUDDYY The basic objective of this EIA study is to collect the baseline data within the

impact zone so as to identify the associated impacts and propose suitable

mitigation measures due to the construction and operation of 16 MW (2 X 8

MW) coal / l ignite based power plant. The study area has been identified as

a 10 km radius around the proposed project as per the provisions of TOR.

The objectives of the EIA study can be summarized as follows:

Environmental Impact Assessment study includes identification,

assessment, quantitative evaluation and prediction of possible impacts.

The existing environmental status (in terms of air quality, water quality,

soil quality and noise level) has been studied within an area of 10 km

radius surrounding the proposed project site.

To assess the long term and short term impacts of the proposed project

on the environment is also covered in the scope of the study.

To suggest preventive and mitigate measures to minimize adverse

impacts, if any and to maximize beneficial impacts.

To conduct risk assessment and prepare disaster management plan

(DMP).

To plan for an advanced sustainable development of the community

and civil ization in the surrounding villages and also to further upgrade

the standard of l iving of the public.

11..44 SSIITTEE AACCCCEESSSSIIBBIILLIITTYY The following key criteria justify the selection of the site for the project:

The nearest state highway (Ahmedabad-Viramgam) is about 1.0 km

away from the plant, which is well connected by road for efficient

transport of raw material & finished products.

Electricity connection of 66 KV from Gujarat Electricity Board has been

obtained to cater power requirement for existing production facil ities as

well as during construction phase of proposed CPP set up.

Availabil ity of adequate land.

Suitabil ity of the land from topographical, cl imatologically and

geological considerations: The general topography of the site is fairly



plain. No hills or elevated lands are found in the area. Excellent weather

conditions for production of power.

Availabil ity of well connected road and rail network system at Viramgam

for easy transportation of construction and other equipment.

No National Park, Sanctuary exits near 10 km of the site.

11..55 SSIIZZEE && LLOOCCAATTIIOONN OOFF TTHHEE PPRROOJJEECCTT Total Land Area : 23,020.23 sq. m.

Total Expected Cost : Rs. 60 Crores

Power Generation Capacity : 16 MW (2 X 8 MW)

Google Image is shown as Figure 1.1 A

Location of the project site is shown as Figure 1.1 B

Plant Lay out of the proposed site is shown as Figure 1.2

Salient features of the project site are presented in the Table 1.1

Table 1.1 Salient Features of the Project Site

Features

State Gujarat

District Ahmedabad

Taluka Viramgam

Village Sachana

Nature of the Area Agriculture land

Project Site Coordinates

Latitude 23° 05’ 9.5” to 23° 06’ 14.5” N

Longitude 72° 10’ 31.9” to 72° 11’ 26.2” E

Geological & Meteorological Features

Altitude 33 meter above MSL

Seismicity Seismic Zone III

Mean Annual Maximum Temperature 44.9 °C

Mean Annual Minimum Temperature 6.4 °C

Mean Annual Wind Speed 6.7 Km/Hr

Mean Relative Humidity 64 %

Mean Vapour Pressure 20.1 hPa

Annual Rainfall 803.4 mm



Predominant Wind Direction SW

Nearby Locations

Railway Station Viramgam – 14 Km

Air Port Ahmedabad – 44 Km

National Highway – 8C 33 Km

State Highway - 17 Ahmedabad –Viramgam SH – 1 Km

Town Mahesana – 58 Km

Village Sachana – 2.15 Km

Sabarmati River 40.61 Km

Water Body Narmada Canal – 10 Km

Heritage Site None

Ecologically sensitive zone (National Park,

Wild Life Sanctuary) within 10 Km None within 10 Km radius

Defense Installations No Defense installation

11..66 SSTTUUDDYY AARREEAA The area defined for baseline study related to ambient air quality, water

quality, noise quality, soil quality, ecology, socio-economic factors and land

use is within a radius of 10 Km with considering the project site as a centre. A map of the study area is presented in Figure 1.1C. 11..77 SSCCOOPPEE && MMEETTHHOODDOOLLOOGGYY SCOPE

The detailed EIA work shall be carried out in accordance with the Terms of

Reference (TOR) provided by SEAC vide letter No. EIA-10-2010-888-E/83798 dated

June 14, 2011. Terms of References (TORs) and their compliance is given at the

begining of this report.

METHODOLOGY

EIA study includes identification, assessment, quantitative evaluation and

prediction of possible impacts. To minimize impact due to the proposed

project on various environments, an impact identification matrix has been

prepared, while the assessment of impacts has been based on

mathematical models and/or scientific knowledge and judgment.



FIGURE 1.1 A

GOOGLE MAP SHOWING PROJECT SITE



FIGURE 1.1 B

Location Map

Project Site

Location



FIGURE 1.1 C

Location-Sachana Village (10 Km radius area) Scale : 2 Km = 0.9 cm N



FIGURE 1.2

Plant Layout

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 22 PPRROOJJEECCTT

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN



CHAPTER – 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

22..11 SSIITTEE LLOOCCAATTIIOONN && DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN M/s. Nirma Limited proposes to install coal/l ignite based captive power

plant of 16 MW (2 X 8 MW) capacity along with 40 TPH x 2 nos. AFBC Boilers

one after another within existing premises located at Survey Nos. 403, 405,

406, 407 & 414 of Village: Sachana, Taluka: Viramgam, District: Ahmedabad,

Gujarat.

Total land area required for the proposed plant is around 23,020.23 m2

consisting approximately 17, 145.54 m2 of green belt area. The location of

the project site is shown in the Figure 1.1B.

22..22 EELLEECCTTRRIICCIITTYY GGEENNEERRAATTIIOONN CCAAPPAACCIITTYY

Table 2.1 Electricity Generation Capacity

Description Power generation capacity

Electricity 16 MW (2 X 8 MW) Coal / Lignite Based CPP

22..33 RRAAWW MMAATTEERRIIAALL DDEETTAAIILLSS

Coal / Lignite will be the raw material required for the proposed CPP as a

fuel in steam boiler. Lime will also be used along with the fuel to capture the

Sulphur and control the emission of Sulphur Dioxide through stack. The

details of the raw materials with consumption are given in Table 2.2.

Table 2.2 List of Raw Materials Requirement

Sr. No.

Description Source Quantity

1 Coal / Lignite Imported Coal i.e. Indonesian Coal / GMDC

8700 TPM / 15600 TPM

2 Limestone Nirma Limited, Kalatalav, Bhavnagar

390 TPM

3 LDO Open Market 0.4 T*

4 Water Existing Bore Well** 1305 KLD

*Required for start-up of AFBC boiler



**The NOC for ground water withdrawal has been obtained from CGWA,

New Delhi. The letter for the same is attached as an Annexure – 2.1. 22..33..11 HHaannddlliinngg The l ignite and coal stacking, reclaiming and preparation system is

considered for the power plant. The raw materials like coal or l ignite and

l ime shall be fed to the bunkers through the belt conveyor which is covered.

To reduce dust emission the belt conveyor will be fully closed system.

22..33..22 SSttoorraaggee Industry will have adequate and proper storage facil ities for the storage of

l ignite, coal & l ime. Storage yard will be isolated from other plant activities.

To reduce the chances of fugitive dust emission the area of storage yard will

be l imited to the capacity of maximum six days storage only. Moreover, to

reduce the fugitive dust emission the storage area will be roof covered with

impervious flooring system and proper plantation around the storage area

will be developed. The storage yards will also equipped with necessary

safety equipment.

22..44 CCAAPPTTIIVVEE PPOOWWEERR PPLLAANNTT Power will be generated as main product from the proposed Captive Power

Plant, which will be util ized to satisfy the power requirement of existing

industrial premises.

The proposed CPP shall be coal / l ignite based with Atmospheric Fluidized

Bed Combustion Technology. The general arrangements of AFBC Boiler

comprise of following systems:

i) Fuel feeding system

ii) Air Distributor

iii) Ash handling system

The details of various major equipments of the plant are given in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3 List of Major Plant Equipments

Sr. No. Name of Equipments

1 Atmospheric Fluidised Bed Combustion Boiler

2 Turbine



3 RO/DM Plant

4 Coal Handling Plant with Crusher

5 Ash Handling Plant with Dust Collector

6 Cooling Tower

7 Chimney

8 HT Panel

9 Transformer

10 ESP

22..55 MMAAIINN CCOOMMPPOONNEENNTTSS OOFF CCPPPP 22..55..11 BBooii lleerr aanndd AAuuxxii ll iiaarr iieess

The steam generator units proposed for the plant will be compact, semi-

outdoor, natural/assisted circulation, balanced draft, bi-drum, water

tube type provided with Fluidized Bed Combustion system.

The proposed steam boiler is designed for multi-fuel viz. Lignite and

Imported Coal with 70:30 feeding proportion.

The capacity of steam generator shall be 40 TPH (2 nos.) at 65 kg

pressure and 495 °C.

The steam generator shall comprise the Air system, Cooling water system,

and Steam system.

22..55..22 SStteeaamm TTuurrbbiinnee aanndd AAuuxxii ll iiaarr iieess The steam turbine shall be nominally rated for 2 X 8 MW (16 MW)

maximum continuous output and shall be coupled to an A.C electric

generator of matching capacity.

The turbine shall be designed for one controlled extraction and two

uncontrolled extraction for process and feed water heating requirement.

The turbine shall be provided with protection devices for safe operation

against over speed, excessive axial displacement, low lube oil pressure,

low condenser vacuum, manual emergency trip, high vibration, low inlet

steam pressure and low inlet steam temperature.

22..55..33 WWaatteerr SSyysstteemm In the proposed CPP, the major requirement of water shall be in

circulating cooling water make up and boiler feed water make up.



The full – proof water handling system is proposed for raw water

management.

Water system consists of raw water storage system of adequate

capacity; and water treatment system designed to provide continuous

flow of required water quantity.

The DM and Softner plant shall be installed for this purpose to remove

mineral content from the water.

22..55..44 LLiimmee PPoowwddeerr ffoorr ddeessuullpphhuurriizzaattiioonn

There will be a provision for adding of l ime in AFBC boiler for reduces the

Sulphur Dioxide emission level in to atmosphere. For that there will be an

arrangement for l ime charging into bunkers. From bunkers, it will be

feeders which shall give feed the l ime powder in a metered quantity

through fuel feed l ine.

22..55..55 FFiirree FFiigghhttiinngg SSyysstteemm

The fire protection system will be designed based on National Fire

Protection Association approved guidelines.

All the components of the fire protection will be Tariff Advisory

Committee.

The various types of fire prevention/protection systems considered for

fighting the fires in different plant areas/buildings are as follows:

Fire Hydrant System

Portable Fire Extinguishers

Fire detection and alarm system

The summary of the proposed power plant is given in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4 Details of CPP

Sr. No. Equipment Process / Activity Capacity

1 Boilers and Auxil iaries Steam Generation 40 TPH (2 nos.), 65 kg 495 °C

2 Steam Turbine & Auxil iaries Power Generation 16 MW (2 X 8 MW) at 11 KV 50 Hz

3 Water System DM Plant 2 X 50 m3/hr

4 Cooling Tower Cooling 1830 m3/hr

5 Fire Protection System Fire Hydrant As per Norms



6 Fuel Handling System Belt Conveyor 22 TPH

7 Ash Handling System Boiler & ESP 2 X 2 TPH

8 Environmental Control Unit ESP For boilers

9 Distributed Control System Process Control --

10 Field Instruments Process Indicator --

11 Control Valves Process Control At various process locations

22..66 DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN OOFF PPOOWWEERR GGEENNEERRAATTIIOONN PPRROOCCEESSSS A 16 MW Captive Power Plant i.e. 8 MW x 2 Nos. (Multistage, extraction

cum condensing steam turbine) turbo-alternator and 40 TPH x 2 Nos.

Lignite/Coal based AFBC Boilers, along with necessary machineries will

be installed in order to meet internal steam and power requirement.

The steam generator units proposed for the plant will be compact, semi-

outdoor, natural/assisted circulation, balanced draft, bi-drum, water

tube type provided with Fluidized Bed Combustion system.

When an evenly distributed air or gas is passed upward through a finely

divided bed of solid particles such as sand supported on a fine mesh, the

particles are undisturbed at low velocity. As air velocity is gradually

increased, a stage is reached when the individual particles are

suspended in the air stream – the bed is called “fluidized”. Fluidization

depends largely on the particle size and the air velocity.

The lower combustion temperature is achieved because of high

coefficient of heat transfer due to rapid mixing in the fluidized bed and

effective extraction of heat from the bed through in-bed heat transfer

tubes and walls of the bed. The gas velocity is maintained between

minimum fluidisation velocity and particle entrainment velocity. This

ensures stable operation of the bed and avoids particle entrainment in

the gas stream.

Combustion process requires the three “T”s that is Time, Temperature and

Turbulence. In FBC, turbulence is promoted by fluidisation. Improved

mixing generates evenly distributed heat at lower temperature.

Residence time is many times greater than conventional grate firing. Thus

an FBC system releases heat more efficiently at lower temperatures.



Since l imestone is used as particle bed, control of sulfur dioxide and

nitrogen oxide emissions in the combustion chamber is achieved without

any additional control equipment. This is one of the major advantages

over conventional boilers.

In AFBC, coal is crushed to a size of 1 – 6 mm depending on the rank of

coal, type of fuel feed and fed into the combustion chamber. The

atmospheric air, which acts as both the fluidization air and combustion

air, is delivered at a pressure and flows through the bed after being

preheated by the exhaust flue gases. The velocity of fluidising air is in the

range of 1.2 to 3.7 m /sec. The rate at which air is blown through the bed

determines the amount of fuel that can be reacted.

The main special feature of atmospheric fluidized bed combustion is the

constraint imposed by the relatively narrow temperature range within

which the bed must be operated. With coal, there is risk of clinker

formation in the bed if the temperature exceeds 950°C and loss of

combustion efficiency if the temperature falls below 800°C. For efficient

sulphur retention, the temperature should be in the range of 800°C to

850°C.

The coal/l ignite combustion will emit exhaust gases, which shall be

passed through an electrostatic precipitator, which will reduce the

emission levels before passing out through the chimney. The ash

generated from the boiler shall be sent through a high pressure

pneumatic system to transfer ash to a silo.

The flow diagram of electricity generation process is attached as Figure 2.1.



Figure 2.1

Flow Diagram of Electricity Generation Process



22..77 DDEETTAAIILLSS OOFF HHAAZZAARRDDOOUUSS CCHHEEMMIICCAALLSS Details of Hazardous Chemicals as per “the Manufacture, Storage and

Import of Hazardous Chemical (Amendment) Rules, 2000” are l isted in Table

2.5.

Table 2.5 Details of Hazardous Chemicals

Sr. No.

Name of Chemicals Type of Storage

Place of Storage

Chemical used for

Storage Capacity

1 Hydrochloric Acid MSRL Tank/ Syntax Tank

Util ity Plant

DM Plant & Cooling Water

Treatment

20 KL

2 Sodium Hydroxide MSRL Tank/ Syntax Tank

Util ity Plant

Effluent Treatment

Plant

20 KL

22..88 BBAASSIICC RREESSOOUURRCCEE AANNDD RREEQQUUIIRREEMMEENNTTSS 22..88..11 LLaanndd RReeqquuiirreemmeenntt Total land area required for the proposed captive power plant is around

23,020.23 sq. m. The land area break-up for proposed CPP is given in Table

2.6.

Table 2.6 Break – Up of Land Area

Sr. No. Description Area, m2

1 Turbine Generator 1,500

2 Boiler & ESP

3 Storage (fuel) 3,600

4 Storage (water) 50

5 Ash Storage 225

6 Road 500

7 Green belt 17,145

Total 23,020

22..88..22 WWaatteerr RReeqquuiirreemmeenntt The total water requirement for the proposed CPP will be 1305 KL/Day

including domestic and industrial. The fresh water requirement will be

satisfied through ground water from own bore well. The company has

obtained permission for the extraction of ground water from Central Ground



Water Authority (CGWA), New Delhi. The quality of raw water is given in

Table 2.7.

Table 2.7 Quality of Raw Water

Sr. No. Parameters Concentration Unit

1 pH 7.9 --

2 Colour Colorless --

3 Taste Unobjectable --

4 Total Dissolved Solids 1548.0 mg/l

5 Chloride as Cl 579.8 mg/l

6 Sulphate as SO4 232.5 mg/l

7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 105.0 mg/l

8 Calcium Hardness as Ca++ 55.0 mg/l

9 Magnesium Hardness as Mg++ 50.0 mg/l

10 Total Alkalinity 215.0 mg/l

11 Fluoride 0.5 mg/l

12 COD 58.2 mg/l

13 Mineral Oil Not Detectable mg/l

22..88..33 FFuueell RReeqquuiirreemmeenntt The unit will install Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion (AFBC) boiler (2

nos.) of 40 TPH capacity, which will run by using Imported coal i.e.

Indonesian coal or l ignite. The detail of coal & lignite is given in Table 2.8.

Table 2.8 Details of Fuel

Parameters Fuel

Lignite Imported Coal

Fuel Consumption, MT/Month 15,600 8,700

Carbon (%) 40 55.71

Hydrogen (%) 2.2 3.76

Nitrogen (%) 1.0 1.02

Sulphur (%) 2.0 0.85

Moisture (%) 32 23.72

Ash (%) 10 7.65

Oxygen (%) 12.8 7.29



Parameters Fuel

Lignite Imported Coal

GCV Fuel (kcal/kg) 3480 5500

Fuel Linkage / Supplier

Source of Supply GMDC Indonesian Coal

Mode of Transport By Road By Road

2.8.3.1 Fuel Feeding System For feeding fuel, sorbents l ike l imestone or dolomite, usually two methods

are followed: under bed pneumatic feeding and over-bed feeding.

Under Bed Pneumatic Feeding:

If the fuel is coal, it is crushed to 1-6 mm size and pneumatically transported

from feed hopper to the combustor through a feed pipe piercing the

distributor. Based on the capacity of the boiler, the number of feed points is

increased, as it is necessary to distribute the fuel into the bed uniformly. Over-Bed Feeding:

The crushed coal, 6-10 mm size is conveyed from coal bunker to a spreader

by a screw conveyor. The spreader distributes the coal over the surface of

the bed uniformly. This type of fuel feeding system accepts over size fuel

also and eliminates transport l ines, when compared to under-bed feeding

system. 22..88..44 EElleeccttrr iicciittyy Electricity connection of 66.0 KV from Gujarat Electricity Board has been

obtained to cater power requirement for existing production facil ities as

well as during construction phase of proposed CPP set up. The industry is

now planning to establish its own captive power generation unit @ 16 MW (2

X 8 MW) to satisfy the requirements of healthcare facil ities.

22..88..55 MMaann PPoowweerr The man power is one of the key resource require for the operation and

maintenance of the plant in a better and efficient way. The man power

required for the plant (production and allied services) and administration

will be approx. 47 nos. The details of category wise man power requirement

are given in Table 2.9.



Table 2.9 Man Power Requirement

Sr. No. Description No. of Employees

1 Senior Management 2

2 Middle Management 2

3 Engineer / Chemist / Officers 4

4 Foreman / Supervisor / Assistant 4

5 Operator / Attendant 10

6 Workmen / Labor 25

Total 47

22..99 PPOOLLLLUUTTIIOONN PPOOTTEENNTTIIAALLSS AANNDD IITTSS CCOONNTTRROOLL 22..99..11 WWaatteerr PPooll lluutt iioonn 2.9.1.1 Water Consumption & Waste Water Generation M/s. Nirma Limited (Healthcare Division) will satisfy requirement of fresh

water through ground water from own bore well located within existing

premises. Water will be pumped to the water treatment plant (RO/DM plant)

to produce feed water make-up for boiler. Softener plant will be used to

produce make-up water for cooling tower. Break-up of expected quantity of water requirement and generation for the

operational phase of the proposed power plant is given in the Table 2.10. &

the water balance diagram showing water consumption & wastewater

generation is given in Figure – 2.2.

Table 2.10 Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation

Sr. No.

Description Water Consumption

(KL/Day) Wastewater Generation

(KL/Day) (A) Domestic 5 4

(B) Industrial

1. Boiler RO/DM plant 550 20

2. Cooling 620 50

3. DM plant regeneration/ RO plant reject

130 130

Total (B) 1300 200

Total (A+B) 1305 204



Figure 2.2

Water Balance Diagram

Note:

1. This water balance diagram is for the 1st day requirement. 2. * Value of water from 2nd day onwards.

The effluent will be generated by the RO/DM, softener plant and from the

blow down of boiler and cooling tower. All this effluent will be sent to the

existing ETP and treated effluent will be util ized for gardening / plantation /

dust suppression within the premises.

2.9.1.2 Effluent Treatment & Disposal System The wastewater stream mainly includes RO reject, regeneration of mixed

bed DM & Softening plant. Practically these streams have negligible organic

load. The effluent from the proposed captive power plant (8 MW x 2 Nos.)

will be diverted into holding tank/collection tank/mixing tank of the existing

ETP.

265 m3/day*

265 m3/day*20 m3/day

Reject 130 m3/day

Total groundwater withdrawal 1305 m3/day

RO/DM1300 m3/day

Boiler550 m3/day

Cooling Tower 620 m3/day

To ETP204 m3/day

WW/Reject/ Regeneration

150 m3/day

Cooling tower purge 50 m3/day

Coal Dust Suppression 71 m3/day

Domestic5 m3/day

WW4 m3/day

Evaporative & Drift Loss

570 m3/day

Condensate for other use

530 m3/day

Water Sprinkling48 KL/day

Gardening /Plantation 85 m3/day

Total groundwater withdrawal on 2nd day775 m3/day*



Both the industrial and domestic effluent generated from the existing unit as

well as from the proposed captive power plant is treated in ETP

simultaneously. The treated effluent from the Over Head Tank is used for

plantation/ gardening / dust suppression purpose by gravity within the plant

premises.

Schematic flow diagram of the effluent treatment scheme is given in the

Figure 2.3. The treatabil ity study of the treatment facil ities proposed for the

waste water generated is attached as Annexure – 2.2.



Figure 2.3

Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Scheme



22..99..22 AAiirr PPooll lluutt iioonn

The main sources of air pollution are categorized as Primary source i.e. point

source and Secondary source i.e. fugitive source. Flue gas emission from the

steam boiler would be considered as the main primary source of emission.

Particulates Matter (PM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen

(NOx) will be accounted as main polluting parameters from the flue gas

stack attached to steam boiler. The fugitive emissions of particulate matter

will l ikely to arise during various stages of operations as it involves storage,

handling and conveyance of various solids / lump l ike coal, l ignite and l ime.

The details of various sources and their control measures are elaborated

here. 2.9.2.1 Flue Gas Emission There will be one number of flue gas stack attach to steam boilers of 40.0

TPH capacity where imported coal & lignite will be used as a fuel.

The unit will provide Electrostatic Precipitators to the boilers as air pollution

control measures to control the emission of particulate matter & the flue gas

emission will remain well within gaseous emission norms prescribed by the

GPCB/CPCB. The technical specifications of proposed ESP are given in

Table 2.11.

Table 2.11 Technical Specifications of ESP

Sr. No.

Description Unit Technical

Specification

Design Data

1 Gas flow rate to ESP m3/sec 19.45

2 Gas temperature at inlet of ESP °C 140

3 Inlet dust concentration gm/Nm3 6

4 Outlet dust concentration with all

fields in service

mg/Nm3 100

General Data of ESP

5 Type of ESP - Horizontal flow, dry

type, single pass

6 Number of precipitators for boiler Nos. 1



7 Number of gas paths per precipitator Nos. 1

8 Number of gas fields in series in

direction of gas flow

Nos. 3

9 Number of electrical fields per boiler Nos. 3

10 Type of discharge electrode - Spiral

11 Type of rapping - Tumbling Hammer

12 Total no. of high voltage rectifier units

installed

Nos. 3

13 Pressure drop across ESP (flange to

flange)

mmWc 25

14 Ash hopper outlet flange elevation m 2.5

15 No. of hoppers in ESP -- 3

Lime will be use for the proposed CPP to reduce the emission of SO2 and

adequate stack height has been proposed as per the CPCB guidelines for

the propose dispersion of pollutants. The details of the proposed flue gas

stack are given in the Table 2.12.

Table 2.12 Details of Flue Gas Emission

Proposed Plant

Stack attached

to

Common Stack Ht. from G. L.

(m)

Stack Dia.

at top (m)

Type & Quantity of Fuel

Expected Pollutant

Emission Rate

APCM

8 MW CPP

Phase I

AFBC Boiler

79 2.54

Coal/

Lignite =

290 / 520

MT/day

SPM <150 ppm ESP

SO2 <100 ppm 8 MW CPP

Phase II

AFBC Boiler

ESP NOx <50 ppm

The stack height shall be designed considering the CPCB guidelines for

proper dispersion of gaseous emission and the evaluation of the same is

given in below section. 2.9.2.2 Fugitive Emission Specific instances of fugitive dust generation include dust blow down by

wind from the stockpiles of various solid materials viz. Coal, l ignite and l ime,

dust caused by vehicular traffic within the factory, dust leakage from



conveyors, conveyor transfer points, silos, storage hoppers etc. The

adequate control measures have been proposed by the unit, which are

summarized under; Material Unloading

Air born particles of material will be generated at grazy hopper due to free

fall from height during the material unloading from truck. Treated water will

be spray to suppress the particle and control the fugitive emission. Crusher House and Transfer Point

Power generation through solid fuel requires preparation of fuel, transfer

from one point to another up to the Bunker. This is the part of the material

preparation and handling system. Material from one point to another is

generally transferred by using conveyor belt starting from grazy hoper to

boiler feeder. Dust will be generated when the material will be transferred

from one point to another due to fall/movement, solid material will be

crushed to required size before feeding in the steam boiler and crushing of

the material in dry state will also generate air born dust. All adequate measures will be provided which will take care of the fugitive

emissions l ikely to occur from crusher house and all the transfer points of the

belt conveyor system. Material Bunkers

Material will be stored in the bunker from where it will be fed in the steam

boiler pneumatically. Storage and handling of material will result in fugitive

dust emissions. It is proposed to provide bag filter type dust extraction

system at bunker to control the fugitive dust emission. Storage Yard

Air born dust is l ikely to be generated in minor quantity from the material

storage yard due to wind, through the storage yard will be properly

covered. Unit will adopt free water sprinkl ing method in storage yard to

suppress dust generation and tarpaulin of jute covering will be used

wherever required to prevent the dust spreading into atmosphere. The unit

will also develop thick plantation around the storage yard to control the

fugitive emission.



The water sprinkler system is proposed for the suppression of fugitive

emission. A fire hydrant lay out (water jet system) is attached as Annexure

2.3. A closed type ash silo will be provided for evacuation, handling & util ization

of ash. Lay out of closed ash storage silo is enclosed as Annexure – 2.4. 22..99..33 HHaazzaarrddoouuss//SSooll iidd WWaassttee GGeenneerraattiioonn The main source of hazardous waste generation from the proposed project

will be resin from water treatment facil ity; sludge from wastewater

treatment facil ity, discarded containers/bags from the manufacturing

process and raw material storage and fly ash. Ancillary sources of

hazardous waste generation will be spent/used oil from the plants &

machineries & lead acid batteries from the power generation process. All hazardous wastes will be handled as per the Hazardous Waste

(Management, Handling and Transboundry Movement) Rules, 2008 and

Amended Rules, 2010. The details of hazardous wastes proposed to be

generated are given in Table 2.13. The major quantity of solid waste generated during construction phase will

be construction debris (not considered as hazardous waste due to the fact

that it would be inert in nature) which will be util ized for leveling up low lying

areas within the project site itself.

Table 2.13 Details of Hazardous/Solid Waste & Its Management

Source of Waste

Type of Waste

Category Quantity Mode of Disposal

Hazardous Waste

Plant & Machineries Used Oil 5.1 3.33 L/day

Will be collected in drums and reused for lubrication of some small parts of machinery & leftover quantity will be sell to MoEF/CPCB registered recyclers only.

Power Generation

Lead Acid Batteries

Batteries (M&H).

Whatsoever generated

Will be sold to authorized agency



Source of Waste

Type of Waste

Category Quantity Mode of Disposal

Process Rules, 2010

through auction

Manufacturing Process

Discarded Containers/

Drums 33.3

30 Nos./year

Will be sold to authorized agency

Raw Material Storage

Discarded Bags

520 Nos./day

Discarded drums will be ultimately sold to authorized recyclers

DM Plant Spent Ion Resins 34.2 0.83 L/day

Will be sold to authorized recyclers or will be incinerated at NECL, Nandesari, Vadodara for which unit has a membership.

Effluent Treatment

Plant ETP Sludge 34.3 100 Kg/day

Will be collected, packed in HDPE bags, stored in hazardous waste storage area having non-percolating surface & covered on the top. Stored ETP sludge will be sent to secure landfill site for final disposal.

Solid Waste

Manufacturing Process

Ash (fly ash & bottom ash) -- 42.3

MT/day

The fly ash will be sell ing to Cement manufacturer/RMC manufacturer units & bottom ash will be sold to paver block/ building blocks/ building bricks manufacturer.

A copy of membership certificate of TSDF site is enclosed as Annexure – 2.5. 22..99..44 NNooiissee PPooll lluutt iioonn Noise is an unwanted sound and excessive noise is harmful to health and

diminishes the quality of l ife. Thus, noise is considered as one of the

potential pollutant. Management of noise includes the monitoring and



controlling of noise levels, at source, the transmission paths and the

surrounding environment. The main source of noise generation after

proposed project will be from the steam boiler and turbine. One of the

auxil iary sources of noise generation would be transportation within and

outside the premises. The precautions taken for abatement of noise pollution are as follows:

Proper and timely oil ing, lubrication and preventive maintenance will

be carried out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise

generation.

Noise from steam turbine will be control by proper acoustic enclosure

or by treating the acoustically.

All the vibrating parts are checked periodically and serviced to reduce

the noise generation. The equipment which generates excessive noise

will be provided with enclosures etc.

To minimize the adverse effect on the health, ear muffs/ear plugs will

be provided to the workers working under high noise area.

To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the

vehicle shall be kept periodically serviced and maintain as per the

requirement of latest trend in automobile industry.

The transport contractor shall be informed to avoid unnecessary

speeding of vehicles inside the premises.

Noise monitoring will be done regularly at different parts of the plant.

Green belt area will be developed to prevent the noise pollution within

the factory premises. 2.10 GGRREEEENN BBEELLTT DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT Total land area required for the plant is around 23,020.23 sq. m. out of which

approximately 17,145.54 sq. m. (74.5%) will be used for green belt

development. A green belt will be developed based on the following principles:

Plants that grow fast will be preferred.

Preference for high canopy covers plants.

Perennial and evergreen plants will be preferred.



Plants which have a high Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) will be

preferred.

The development of green belt is an important aspect for any plant

because:

It acts as a 'Heat Sink'.

It improves the ambient air quality by controlling suspended particulate

matter (SPM) in air.

It helps in noise abatement for the surrounding area.

It helps in settlement of new birds and insects within itself.

It maintains the ecological balance.

It increases the aesthetic value of site.

2.11 WWEELLFFAARREE // SSOOCCIIOO EECCOONNOOMMIICC DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT AACCTTIIVVIITTIIEESS We plan to carry out the following welfare / socio economic development

activities:

Provided two trucks of bricks, two trucks of sand and one bag of

cement as contribution towards building of a Shantimata temple in

village Sachana in January 2008.

January 26th & August 15th are celebrated in the schools of Village

Sachana, Village Haripura, Village Abhesinghpura & Old age home of

Village Sachana including providing of sweets and snacks to all the

school children.

Donated would be Rs. 1,25,000 towards the Viramgam Garib Kalyan

Mela scheme as announced by the Honorable Chief Minister of Gujarat

in January 2010, for the arrangement of 60,0000 persons and snacks to

all.

Donated would be Rs. 25,000 towards the Samuh Lagna of Harijan

Samaj which was organized at Village Sachana.

Provide clean water to sachana village when there is a problem of

water supply.

To provide jobs to people residing near the project site based on their

skill.

To keep the area green and clean by planting as many trees as

possible.

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 33 BBAASSEELLIINNEE

EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL SSTTAATTUUSS



CHAPTER – 3

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS Any industrial project may cause some environmental impacts on the

surrounding environment. These impacts may be beneficial as well as

detrimental. To assess environmental impacts from proposed project at a

specific location, it is essential to monitor the environmental quality

prevail ing in the surrounding area prior to implementation of the project.

The environmental status within the impact zone could be used for

identification of significant environmental issues to be addressed in the

impact assessment study.

For base-l ine data collection, an area covering 10 km radius from the

proposed project site as the centre has been considered as per EIA

guidelines published by the MoEF, Govt. of India. Base l ine data was

collected for various environmental parameters including Air, Water, Land,

Flora-Fauna and Socioeconomic status to determine quality of the

prevail ing environmental settings.

33..11 PPOOLLLLUUTTIIOONN CCOONNTTRROOLL –– SSTTAATTUUTTOORRYY RREEQQUUIIRREEMMEENNTTSS 3.1.1 Air Quality Standards

National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) Standards are presented in Annexure - 3.1.

3.1.2 Water Quality Standards

Standards prescribed by IS: 10500 for drinking water are given in Annexure - 3.2.

3.1.3 Noise Quality Standards

National Ambient Noise Quality Standards are presented in Annexure - 3.3.

33..22 AAIIRR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT 3.2.1 Baseline Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) The collection of base l ine information for air environment includes

identification of specific air pollutants being released into the atmosphere

having significant impact on neighborhood of an industrial project. The

ambient air quality status with respect to the identified air pollutants across

the study area of 10 Km. radius from the site as well as within the project site



premises forms the base line information. This has been done through air

quality surveillance program. The background air quality for PM10 (particulate matter having size less than

10 µg), PM2.5 (particulate matter having size less than 2.5 µg), SO2 (Sulphur

Dioxide) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) has been monitored. The monitoring for

these parameters has been carried out at Thirteen (13) sampling stations

located in different directions and situated within the suspected impact

zone in and around the project site during the summer of 2011. Please refer

Annexure 3.4 showing photographs of ambient air sample collection for

monitoring. 3.2.2 Locations of AAQ Monitoring Stations The locations of AAQ stations were decided based on meteorology and

available infrastructure facil ities. These stations are the nearest inhabited

localities around the project site. The locations of the AAQ monitoring

stations are shown in Figure 3.1 and tabulated in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 Location of AAQ Monitoring Stations

Station No.

Name of the Village Aerial

Distance, Kms. Direction w. r. t. to project site

1 Nirma Limited – Nr. ETP 0 -

2 Sachana 2.15 SSW

3 Jakhawada 5.38 WSW

4 Sokali 7.8 W

5 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 5.81 SSW

6 Virochannagar 4.11 E

7 Kalyanpura 3.65 N

8 Della 6.18 NE

9 Palli 3.55 NNW

10 Moti Kumad 8.12 NW

11 Karkathal 9.04 SW

12 Khoraj 7.01 SSE

13 Dodar 8.3 ENE



Figure 3.1 Map Showing Study Area and AAQ Monitoring Locations



Sign Description

Meteorological Station

Ambient Air Sampling Location

Ambient Noise Sampling Location

Soil Sampling Location

Water Sampling Location

3.2.3 Sample Analysis Monitoring and testing for ambient air quality was carried out for various

parameters like PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx. Brief details of duration of sampling and

testing procedure for various parameters adopted are given in the rief details of

testing procedures adopted are given in the Table 3.2.

Table 3.2 Ambient Air Quality Testing Procedure

Parameter Testing Procedure

PM10 Gravimetric method using Respirable Dust Sampler, (IS: 5182 Part IV 1973).

PM2.5 Gravimetric method using Respirable Dust Sampler, (IS: 5182 Part IV: 1973).

NOx Absorption in dilute NaOH and then estimating colorimetrically with Sulphanilamide and N (1-Nepthyl) Ethylene Diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide, (IS:5182 Part II : 1975).

SO2 Absorption in Sodium Tetra Chloro Mercurate followed by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline Hydrochloride and Formaldehyde, (IS:5182 Part II:1969).

3.2.4 AAQ Base-Line Data

At every sampling station important parameters viz. PM10 (particulate matter

having size less than 10 µg), PM2.5 (particulate matter having size less than 2.5 µg),

SO2 (Sulphur Dioxide) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) were monitored. The results are

depicted in the Table 3.3.



Table 3.3 Ambient Air Quality

Sr. No.

Parameter Date Concentration (g/m3) NAAQ Permissible

Limit (g/m3) Min. Max. 98th Percentile 1 Location: Nr. ETP, Nirma Limited Project Site

PM10 Between April’11 & May’11

97.16 101.01 100.93 100

PM2.5 30.83 45.90 45.60 60

SO2 21.2 22.6 22.57 80

NOx 13.4 18.9 18.79 80

2 Location: Terrace of Lalbhai D. Darbar, Village: Sachana


170.4 155.03 170.09 100

PM2.5 46.15 63.49 63.14 60

SO2 19.8 23.4 23.33 80

NOx 15.2 22.4 22.26 80

3 Location: Terrace of Ghanshyam Gohil, Village: Jakhawada


115.03 144.48 143.89 100

PM2.5 31.61 48.74 48.40 60

SO2 18.15 22.4 22.32 80

NOx 5.75 12.6 12.46 80

4 Location: Terrace of Gadhvi Vijaybhai, Village: Sokali


78.6 96.76 96.40 100

PM2.5 16.83 31.59 31.29 60

SO2 20.43 22.4 22.36 80

NOx 13.6 13.91 13.90 80

5 Location: Terrace of Chandrakantbhai Rawal, Village: Kalyanpur (Shiyal)


69.96 88.92 88.54 100

PM2.5 28.16 31.09 31.03 60

SO2 21.9 23.4 23.37 80

NOx 14.6 16.1 16.07 80

6 Location: Terrace of Pratapbhai Makwana, Village: Virochannagar


145.67 158.13 157.88 100

PM2.5 35.03 44.05 43.87 60

SO2 10.82 15.18 15.09 80

NOx 3.72 8.16 8.07 80



Sr. No.


Limit (g/m3) Min. Max. 98th Percentile 7 Location: Terrace of Bharatkumar Joshi, Village: Kalyanpura


151.71 158.33 158.20 100

PM2.5 30.21 38.40 38.24 60

SO2 20.8 29.81 29.63 80

NOx 12.5 15.21 15.16 80

8 Location: Terrace of Belim Mustubhai Imambhai, Village: Della


87.56 105.85 105.48 100

PM2.5 24.53 32.82 32.65 60

SO2 23.2 25.3 25.26 80

NOx 16.2 17.2 17.18 80

9 Location: Terrace of Milk Producers Sahkari Mandali, Village: Palli


145.8 155.57 155.37 100

PM2.5 48.12 58.78 58.57 60

SO2 24.5 29.6 29.50 80

NOx 16.7 16.7 16.70 80

10 Location: Terrace of Jakshebhai Bharvad, Village: Moti Kumad


86.87 120.34 119.67 100

PM2.5 29.29 29.54 29.54 60

SO2 21.2 25.3 25.22 80

NOx 15.1 18.6 18.53 80

11 Location: Terrace of Karshanbhai Bharvad Village: Khoraj


112.3 141.30 140.72 100

PM2.5 32.48 32.98 32.97 60

SO2 23.4 26.2 26.14 80

NOx 15.4 19.4 19.32 80

12 Location: Terrace of Bhagvanbhai Gohil Village: Karkathal


91.22 124.67 124.00 100

PM2.5 23.54 47.77 47.29 60

SO2 22.4 24.5 24.46 80

NOx 32.8 40.2 40.05 80

13 Location: Terrace of Abdulbhai Mustakbhai, Village: Dodar



Sr. No.


Limit (g/m3) Min. Max. 98th Percentile PM10

Between April’11 & May’11

126.25 136.05 135.85 100

PM2.5 38.38 43.94 43.83 60

SO2 27.2 28.9 28.87 80

NOx 18.6 20.2 20.17 80

33..33 MMEETTEEOORROOLLOOGGYY Meteorological conditions at the site regulate the transport and diffusion of air-

pollutants released into the atmosphere. Ambient temperature, wind speed, wind

direction and atmospheric stabil ity are called primary or basic meteorological

parameters because the dispersion & diffusion of pollutants depend mainly on

these parameters. Humidity, precipitation, pressure and visibil ity are secondary

meteorological parameters as this control the dispersion of the pollutants

indirectly by affecting primary parameters.

33..33..11.. Baseline Data

(A) Primary Meteorological Data

Meteorological survey was undertaken for monitoring of primary

meteorological parameters namely ambient temperature, wind speed and

wind direction at M/S. Nirma Limited (Healthcare Division). The

meteorological station was set-up at a height of approx 18 m. from the

ground on the terrace of the existing premises. The readings were taken by using Automatic Weather Monitor (AWM) at an

hourly interval and the findings are given in Table 3.4. Wind rose diagram for

the same is given as Figure 3.2.

Table 3.4 Sample Meteorological Records

Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 1/5/2011 11:38 85 10.19 35.21 53.97 0 1/5/2011 12:38 144 9.21 35.84 50.93 0 1/5/2011 13:38 144 8.93 35.85 48.97 0 1/5/2011 14:38 271 10.05 37.46 43.41 0 1/5/2011 15:38 219 10.33 38.14 39.72 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 1/5/2011 16:38 111 10.19 37.75 40.91 0 1/5/2011 17:38 238 8.37 37.68 41.49 0 1/5/2011 18:38 222 10.47 36.78 43.72 0 1/5/2011 19:38 355 10.19 35.45 47.04 0 1/5/2011 20:38 232 10.61 34.08 51.27 0 1/5/2011 21:38 223 12.15 32.86 54.91 0 1/5/2011 22:38 268 11.59 31.97 59.63 0 1/5/2011 23:38 103 11.03 31.38 62.38 0 2/5/2011 0:38 247 11.45 30.84 66.02 0 2/5/2011 1:38 231 9.21 30.35 70.03 0 2/5/2011 2:38 235 9.35 30.04 71.08 0 2/5/2011 3:38 40 6.98 29.94 71.66 0 2/5/2011 4:38 234 7.12 29.61 72.69 0 2/5/2011 5:38 256 6.14 29.63 72.64 0 2/5/2011 6:38 213 6.98 29.58 73.05 0 2/5/2011 7:38 239 8.24 30.43 71.32 0 2/5/2011 8:38 257 9.07 30.94 69.29 0 2/5/2011 9:38 250 8.37 32.17 63.67 0 2/5/2011 10:38 167 8.79 33.21 59.56 0 2/5/2011 11:38 238 9.49 34.35 54.02 0 2/5/2011 12:38 254 8.79 35.66 50.71 0 2/5/2011 13:38 244 9.77 36.32 47.38 0 2/5/2011 14:38 225 10.33 37.05 42.4 0 2/5/2011 15:38 229 9.63 37.76 41.71 0 2/5/2011 16:38 250 10.19 38.06 40.13 0 2/5/2011 17:38 238 10.47 37.48 41.54 0 2/5/2011 18:38 264 10.33 36.05 45.28 0 2/5/2011 19:38 196 11.45 34.33 50.54 0 2/5/2011 20:38 237 11.73 33.08 55.29 0 2/5/2011 21:38 256 11.45 32.18 58.91 0 2/5/2011 22:38 169 4.74 31.65 61.72 0 2/5/2011 23:38 15 4.74 31.2 64.09 0 3/5/2011 0:38 302 4.18 30.64 66.34 0 3/5/2011 1:38 176 3.77 30.23 68.87 0 3/5/2011 2:38 282 4.05 29.97 70.81 0 3/5/2011 3:38 162 2.51 29.76 71.86 0 3/5/2011 4:38 355 2.37 29.63 72.49 0 3/5/2011 5:38 191 1.67 29.66 71.99 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 3/5/2011 6:38 43 1.53 29.94 71.32 0 3/5/2011 7:38 122 2.09 30.24 70.45 0 3/5/2011 8:38 44 1.67 31.57 66.35 0 3/5/2011 9:05 233 6.56 31.96 64.12 0 3/5/2011 10:05 251 8.93 32.47 62.06 0 3/5/2011 11:05 269 9.21 33.17 56.43 0 3/5/2011 12:05 206 8.1 33.46 57.64 0 3/5/2011 13:05 242 6.84 32.88 58.03 0 3/5/2011 15:19 121 7.82 34.67 51.31 0 3/5/2011 16:19 238 9.77 34.82 48.18 0 3/5/2011 17:19 232 9.21 34.69 47.46 0 3/5/2011 18:19 188 9.91 34.69 47.42 0 3/5/2011 19:19 233 10.05 33.82 51.76 0 3/5/2011 20:19 222 9.21 33.09 55.17 0 3/5/2011 21:19 230 10.19 32.45 57.81 0 3/5/2011 22:19 220 10.05 31.68 61.1 0 3/5/2011 23:19 215 10.61 31.2 63.6 0 4/5/2011 0:19 247 10.05 30.63 69.09 0 4/5/2011 1:19 182 8.65 30.42 68.41 0 4/5/2011 2:19 224 10.61 30.04 70.53 0 4/5/2011 3:19 96 8.93 29.89 69.86 0 4/5/2011 4:19 184 6.28 29.76 70.97 0 4/5/2011 5:19 187 6.28 29.55 71.82 0 4/5/2011 6:19 102 6.7 29.47 71.89 0 4/5/2011 7:19 75 7.68 29.93 71.38 0 4/5/2011 8:19 238 8.93 30.5 69.83 0 4/5/2011 9:19 152 8.51 31.12 66.63 0 4/5/2011 10:19 339 9.35 32.25 63.04 0 4/5/2011 11:19 230 8.93 32.5 60.36 0 4/5/2011 12:19 184 8.37 33.86 56.97 0 4/5/2011 13:19 129 10.47 34.44 52.59 0 4/5/2011 14:19 228 10.47 35.34 49.08 0 4/5/2011 15:19 235 12.01 35.65 46.49 0 4/5/2011 16:19 219 10.61 35.8 44.33 0 4/5/2011 17:19 169 10.47 35.94 44.48 0 4/5/2011 18:19 193 11.17 34.75 48.07 0 4/5/2011 19:19 212 10.75 33.82 49.98 0 4/5/2011 20:19 247 10.19 32.92 53.04 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 4/5/2011 21:19 265 10.19 32.16 56.6 0 4/5/2011 22:19 206 9.63 31.44 60.57 0 4/5/2011 23:19 100 10.61 31.04 63.64 0 5/5/2011 0:19 167 8.51 30.61 66.34 0 5/5/2011 1:19 123 8.93 30.38 67.04 0 5/5/2011 2:19 195 9.21 30.02 67.51 0 5/5/2011 3:19 213 7.12 29.8 68.15 0 5/5/2011 4:19 240 8.65 29.66 70.14 0 5/5/2011 5:19 218 8.51 29.49 70.55 0 5/5/2011 6:19 182 7.26 29.46 71.49 0 5/5/2011 7:19 95 6.7 29.85 70.29 0 5/5/2011 8:19 227 9.07 31.06 65.09 0 5/5/2011 9:19 167 9.63 32.6 60.16 0 5/5/2011 10:19 220 10.75 32.91 56.77 0 5/5/2011 11:19 223 9.63 34.5 51.98 0 5/5/2011 12:19 189 10.19 35.2 49.32 0 5/5/2011 13:19 230 10.33 35.2 47.85 0 5/5/2011 14:19 228 10.19 36.47 42.89 0 5/5/2011 15:19 202 10.89 36.55 43.11 0 5/5/2011 16:19 48 11.31 37.12 41.99 0 5/5/2011 17:19 198 11.03 36.16 43.34 0 5/5/2011 18:19 218 10.61 35.62 45.09 0 5/5/2011 19:19 256 11.03 34.08 50.84 0 5/5/2011 20:19 232 10.33 32.9 54.34 0 5/5/2011 21:19 240 9.63 32.02 56.96 0 5/5/2011 22:19 208 9.77 31.28 62.09 0 5/5/2011 23:19 216 9.91 30.66 64.7 0 6/5/2011 0:19 215 10.19 30.38 64.98 0 6/5/2011 1:19 211 8.79 30.11 65.92 0 6/5/2011 2:19 244 7.54 29.66 67.04 0 6/5/2011 3:19 214 6.14 29.28 68.38 0 6/5/2011 4:19 152 6.56 29.3 69.76 0 6/5/2011 5:19 225 6.42 29.05 71.3 0 6/5/2011 6:19 178 4.6 29.08 72.76 0 6/5/2011 7:19 163 5.58 29.61 71.69 0 6/5/2011 8:19 139 8.51 30.14 69.03 0 6/5/2011 9:19 222 7.4 31.16 64.69 0 6/5/2011 10:19 245 8.93 33.11 57.94 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 6/5/2011 11:19 110 8.79 33.83 51.79 0 6/5/2011 12:19 158 7.68 35.78 45.96 0 6/5/2011 13:19 59 9.35 36.47 44.92 0 6/5/2011 14:19 242 8.79 37.14 43.59 0 6/5/2011 15:19 265 9.35 38.39 40.03 0 6/5/2011 16:19 230 9.49 37.54 41.9 0 6/5/2011 17:19 238 9.77 37.74 43.31 0 6/5/2011 18:19 232 10.47 36.18 47.23 0 6/5/2011 19:19 245 9.49 35.1 50.87 0 6/5/2011 20:19 149 10.05 34.15 55.25 0 6/5/2011 21:55 219 8.93 32.47 61.91 0 6/5/2011 22:55 243 8.79 31.82 64.92 0 6/5/2011 23:55 158 9.35 31.2 64.91 0 7/5/2011 0:55 229 9.35 30.58 66.48 0 7/5/2011 1:55 161 8.93 30.22 66.66 0 7/5/2011 2:55 149 7.68 29.84 68.39 0 7/5/2011 3:55 339 7.12 29.54 69.95 0 7/5/2011 4:55 321 6 29.49 71.32 0 7/5/2011 5:55 338 5.86 29.5 72.04 0 7/5/2011 6:55 210 5.02 29.7 71.94 0 7/5/2011 7:55 219 5.58 30.28 69.53 0 7/5/2011 8:55 200 5.86 30.9 66.39 0 7/5/2011 9:55 63 7.82 32.93 60.18 0 7/5/2011 10:55 289 10.05 33.2 57.54 0 7/5/2011 11:55 53 8.65 34.82 52.35 0 7/5/2011 12:55 211 7.4 35.13 50.05 0 7/5/2011 13:55 80 8.93 36.38 45.42 0 7/5/2011 14:55 274 8.1 36.37 44.94 0 7/5/2011 15:55 247 9.35 36.44 46.48 0 7/5/2011 16:55 254 8.51 36.7 44.29 0 7/5/2011 17:55 252 9.91 35.84 47.86 0 7/5/2011 18:55 232 10.47 34.94 50.42 0 7/5/2011 19:55 244 10.19 33.42 56.21 0 7/5/2011 20:55 138 10.05 32.45 59.64 0 7/5/2011 21:55 245 10.19 31.98 59.03 0 7/5/2011 22:55 187 8.65 31.35 63.44 0 7/5/2011 23:55 214 8.79 31 66.97 0 8/5/2011 0:55 194 7.68 30.65 68.15 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 8/5/2011 1:55 218 7.12 30.45 68.82 0 8/5/2011 2:55 196 7.54 30.29 69.73 0 8/5/2011 3:55 191 7.26 29.76 72.92 0 8/5/2011 4:55 137 6.28 29.79 72.87 0 8/5/2011 5:55 245 9.21 29.17 74.67 0 8/5/2011 6:55 287 6.28 29.4 75.39 0 8/5/2011 7:55 206 4.46 30.05 72.74 0 8/5/2011 8:55 140 8.79 31.4 66.56 0 8/5/2011 9:55 181 9.21 31.97 64.28 0 8/5/2011 10:55 252 9.35 32.76 60.43 0 8/5/2011 11:55 188 9.77 33.82 57.25 0 8/5/2011 12:55 225 9.77 34.61 53.95 0 8/5/2011 13:55 218 11.17 35.1 49.51 0 8/5/2011 14:55 236 11.59 35.75 47.31 0 8/5/2011 15:55 296 12.29 34.89 49.65 0 8/5/2011 16:55 232 10.75 35.18 48.05 0 8/5/2011 17:55 215 10.47 34.83 50.08 0 8/5/2011 18:55 80 11.17 33.72 53.74 0 8/5/2011 19:55 218 12.15 32.86 57.21 0 8/5/2011 20:55 115 11.03 32.03 62.45 0 8/5/2011 21:55 220 9.21 31.77 64.03 0 8/5/2011 22:55 282 8.37 31.5 62.74 0 8/5/2011 23:55 154 7.96 31.05 65.66 0 9/5/2011 0:55 220 7.4 30.64 67.26 0 9/5/2011 1:55 206 7.96 30.26 68.91 0 9/5/2011 2:55 158 7.54 29.89 70.56 0 9/5/2011 3:55 348 6 29.72 70.85 0 9/5/2011 4:55 116 6.42 29.5 71.1 0 9/5/2011 5:55 139 5.86 29.58 70.82 0 9/5/2011 6:55 184 6 29.89 70.73 0 9/5/2011 7:55 236 7.68 30.57 68.4 0 9/5/2011 8:55 190 8.65 31.61 64.06 0 9/5/2011 9:55 221 10.05 32.8 58.87 0 9/5/2011 10:55 186 8.93 33.77 54.07 0 9/5/2011 11:55 234 9.63 35.06 48.84 0 9/5/2011 12:55 253 9.77 36.65 45.52 0 9/5/2011 13:55 289 8.93 37.18 43.87 0 9/5/2011 14:55 224 8.93 37.69 40.97 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 9/5/2011 15:55 211 10.33 37.89 42.49 0 9/5/2011 16:55 236 10.89 37.18 44.9 0 9/5/2011 17:55 187 10.75 35.85 46.62 0 9/5/2011 18:55 159 9.49 35.15 49.32 0 9/5/2011 19:55 166 8.93 34 51.36 0 9/5/2011 20:55 296 9.21 33.16 55.08 0 9/5/2011 21:55 179 9.77 32.1 58.05 0 9/5/2011 22:55 93 10.05 31.34 62.56 0 9/5/2011 23:55 199 6.7 30.69 65.81 0

10/5/2011 0:55 207 7.12 30.12 67.8 0 10/5/2011 1:55 174 6.28 29.73 69.98 0 10/5/2011 2:55 119 5.16 29.56 71.42 0 10/5/2011 3:55 160 6.84 29.53 72.99 0 10/5/2011 4:55 220 7.12 29.64 72.67 0 10/5/2011 5:55 211 6.42 29.59 72.43 0 10/5/2011 6:55 174 7.54 29.6 73.29 0 10/5/2011 7:55 232 6.28 30 71.88 0 10/5/2011 8:55 71 7.96 31.42 65.09 0 10/5/2011 9:55 76 8.65 32.33 62.01 0 10/5/2011 10:55 151 9.21 32.96 58.08 0 10/5/2011 11:55 222 8.51 34.46 53.02 0 10/5/2011 12:55 207 10.19 36.97 44.22 0 10/5/2011 13:55 238 10.33 36.14 45.94 0 10/5/2011 14:55 232 10.05 38.06 39.29 0 10/5/2011 15:55 210 11.03 36.68 43.33 0 10/5/2011 16:55 149 10.05 37.34 41.53 0 10/5/2011 17:55 214 12.56 36.64 44.01 0 10/5/2011 18:55 250 11.73 34.94 48.53 0 10/5/2011 19:55 246 10.61 33.87 50.58 0 10/5/2011 20:55 196 9.21 33.31 52.61 0 10/5/2011 21:55 218 7.96 32.27 60.05 0 10/5/2011 22:55 276 7.96 31.64 59.36 0 10/5/2011 23:55 248 7.54 30.81 62.5 0 11/5/2011 0:55 158 7.26 30.2 64.47 0 11/5/2011 1:55 174 7.4 29.54 68.34 0 11/5/2011 2:55 175 7.12 29.1 70.47 0 11/5/2011 3:55 173 5.86 28.9 72.59 0 11/5/2011 4:55 174 5.72 28.79 73.7 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 11/5/2011 5:55 186 6.28 28.76 74.73 0 11/5/2011 6:55 219 6.7 28.92 74.15 0 11/5/2011 7:55 179 5.86 29.74 71.6 0 11/5/2011 8:55 160 6.84 31.11 66.36 0 11/5/2011 9:55 225 6.42 31.82 62.73 0 11/5/2011 10:55 197 8.37 33.4 54.15 0 11/5/2011 11:55 189 9.21 35.06 49.97 0 11/5/2011 12:55 195 9.07 36.15 44.03 0 11/5/2011 13:55 116 10.47 37.26 41.45 0 11/5/2011 14:55 229 10.75 38.1 39.89 0 11/5/2011 15:55 112 9.21 38.28 37.33 0 11/5/2011 16:55 274 10.19 37.96 37.65 0 11/5/2011 17:55 236 8.79 37.66 37.62 0 11/5/2011 18:55 235 9.49 36.24 41.41 0 11/5/2011 19:55 179 10.19 33.43 57.29 0 11/5/2011 20:55 227 9.07 32.78 58.9 0 11/5/2011 21:55 98 7.68 32.39 58.37 0 11/5/2011 22:55 230 6.98 31.94 56.38 0 11/5/2011 23:55 125 7.96 31.19 59.48 0 12/5/2011 0:55 216 6.42 30.44 63.63 0 12/5/2011 1:55 186 5.72 29.82 64.71 0 12/5/2011 2:55 22 4.05 29.38 68.9 0 12/5/2011 3:55 208 4.18 28.95 71.02 0 12/5/2011 4:55 167 4.18 28.64 72.03 0 12/5/2011 5:55 191 3.91 28.33 74.03 0 12/5/2011 6:55 243 4.88 28.78 74.32 0 12/5/2011 7:55 208 6.28 29.87 70.27 0 12/5/2011 8:55 198 5.72 30.94 66.15 0 12/5/2011 9:55 190 7.26 32.36 59.12 0 12/5/2011 10:55 163 6.42 32.67 55.94 0 12/5/2011 11:55 204 7.54 34.7 49.56 0 12/5/2011 12:55 218 6.98 35.8 45.83 0 12/5/2011 13:55 227 7.26 36.36 45.55 0 12/5/2011 14:55 104 7.96 38.18 39.58 0 12/5/2011 15:55 106 7.4 36.96 42.32 0 12/5/2011 16:55 211 7.4 37.56 41.03 0 12/5/2011 17:55 222 7.12 37.12 40.81 0 12/5/2011 18:55 233 8.1 35.2 52.17 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 12/5/2011 19:55 211 10.33 34.57 49.94 0 12/5/2011 20:55 214 8.51 33.61 52.06 0 12/5/2011 21:55 154 8.24 32.97 52.14 0 12/5/2011 22:55 94 7.26 32.24 55.59 0 12/5/2011 23:55 12 6.84 31.52 58.5 0 13/5/2011 0:55 195 6.28 30.65 58.99 0 13/5/2011 1:55 153 5.16 29.94 63.67 0 13/5/2011 2:55 197 4.74 29.32 65.73 0 13/5/2011 3:55 244 4.18 28.79 68.68 0 13/5/2011 4:55 191 5.86 28.38 72.01 0 13/5/2011 5:55 203 5.86 28.19 73.89 0 13/5/2011 6:55 197 5.3 28.59 73.46 0 13/5/2011 7:55 92 6.7 29.68 71.76 0 13/5/2011 8:55 141 6.14 30.62 66.7 0 13/5/2011 9:55 198 5.86 32.7 58.89 0 13/5/2011 10:55 230 5.44 32.68 57.21 0 13/5/2011 11:55 240 7.54 33.12 56.13 0 13/5/2011 12:55 253 5.58 36.52 46.05 0 13/5/2011 13:55 231 6.42 37.67 39.39 0 13/5/2011 14:55 8 7.12 38.04 39.08 0 13/5/2011 15:55 123 11.73 35.33 50.04 0 13/5/2011 16:55 194 11.31 34.42 49.69 0 13/5/2011 17:55 252 8.79 33.15 51.97 0 13/5/2011 18:55 96 9.35 32.63 54.11 0 13/5/2011 19:55 74 7.82 32.02 59.85 0 13/5/2011 20:55 183 7.68 30.93 64.29 0 13/5/2011 21:55 144 7.68 31.28 71.27 0 13/5/2011 22:55 288 6 30.72 72.18 0 13/5/2011 23:55 152 4.74 30.23 72.35 0 14/5/2011 0:55 222 3.35 29.79 70.05 0 14/5/2011 1:55 205 3.07 29.35 71.21 0 14/5/2011 2:55 141 4.05 29.28 65.99 0 14/5/2011 3:55 69 3.91 28.89 68.34 0 14/5/2011 4:55 153 2.93 28.44 69.69 0 14/5/2011 5:55 223 2.79 28.34 71.71 0 14/5/2011 6:55 161 2.79 28.64 71.11 0 14/5/2011 7:55 147 3.07 29.92 67.79 0 14/5/2011 8:55 158 4.46 31.38 64.42 0



Date Time Wind

Direction (Degree)

Wind Speed

(Km/hr)

Temperature (ºC)

Relative Humidity

(%)

Rain Fall

(mm) 14/5/2011 9:55 269 5.3 33.19 55.98 0 14/5/2011 10:55 153 5.58 34.46 51.81 0 14/5/2011 11:55 166 6.56 35.33 48.24 0 14/5/2011 12:55 180 6 35.07 46.56 0 14/5/2011 13:55 191 5.3 38.27 37.82 0 14/5/2011 14:55 151 4.74 38.07 36.81 0 14/5/2011 15:55 122 3.77 39.74 34.67 0 14/5/2011 16:55 29 3.49 38.09 35.88 0 14/5/2011 17:55 222 8.51 35.98 44.83 0 14/5/2011 18:55 227 5.02 34.96 45.26 0 14/5/2011 19:55 200 6.98 33.09 60.14 0 14/5/2011 20:55 154 7.82 32.71 56.96 0 14/5/2011 21:55 67 4.46 32.79 54.45 0 14/5/2011 22:55 57 4.74 31.95 56.35 0 14/5/2011 23:55 191 4.88 30.63 62.72 0 15/5/2011 0:55 188 2.79 30.38 64.29 0 15/5/2011 1:55 187 5.3 30.24 65.5 0 15/5/2011 2:55 215 5.72 29.77 69.11 0 15/5/2011 3:55 221 4.6 29.18 72.44 0 15/5/2011 4:55 174 3.77 28.95 73.93 0 15/5/2011 5:55 99 4.18 28.62 75.35 0 15/5/2011 6:55 195 4.32 28.91 75.4 0 15/5/2011 7:55 261 4.05 30.07 72.03 0 15/5/2011 8:55 260 4.88 31.52 65.74 0 15/5/2011 9:55 223 4.46 33.52 57.69 0 15/5/2011 10:55 246 3.91 35.29 50.93 0



The salient observations on study of the data:-

Ambient Temperature

The variation of highest and lowest temperature during the monitoring period is

recorded as follows:

Lowest Recorded 28.19 ˚C

Highest Recorded 39.74 ˚C

Wind Speed

Wind speed determines the rate of diffusion and travel time of air pollutants. The

maximum and minimum speed recorded as follows:

Minimum Recorded 1.53 Km/hr

Maximum Recorded 12.56 Km/hr

Wind Direction

This is important in air pollution since it determine the direction of transport of air

pollutants. The mean wind direction will be indicative of the direction of travel of

the pollutants. The mean direction during the monitoring period was from SW, SSW,

WSW for most of the period (24.9%, 12.9%, 13.8% respectively). Wind Rose diagram has been prepared using the Automatic Weather Monitor

(AWM) data for the summer season. Wind diagram showing the predominant wind

direction as well as wind speed during the monitoring period of summaer season

has been shown in Figure 3.2. Distribution chart showing wind directions for the

monitoring period have been summarized in a statistical form in Table 3.5.



Table 3.5 Meteorological Data

Direction Wind Classes in m/s

0.5 – 2.1 2.1 – 3.6 3.6 – 5.7 5.7 – 8.8 8.8 – 11.1 >11.1 Total

N 0 1 0 1 1 0 3

NNE 0 1 2 1 0 0 4

NE 2 0 0 2 0 1 5

ENE 0 0 3 5 1 0 9

E 0 0 1 4 5 1 11

ESE 1 0 2 5 7 1 16

SE 0 0 1 6 5 0 12

SSE 0 4 7 14 9 0 34

S 1 1 8 22 10 0 42

SSW 0 1 6 20 13 3 43

SW 0 2 5 25 45 6 83

WSW 0 0 4 10 28 4 46

W 0 0 3 2 6 1 12

WNW 0 0 2 3 3 1 9

NW 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

NNW 0 0 0 3 1 0 4

Total 4 10 44 124 134 18 334



Figure 3.2

Wind Rose Diagram

WRPLOT View - Lakes Environmental Software

WIND ROSE PLOT:

Station # 1

COMMENTS:

Windrose

COMPANY NAME:

ANAND CONSULTANTS

MODELER:

Dharmesh Bhai

DATE:

7/5/2011

PROJECT NO.:

NORTH

SOUTH

WEST EAST

6%

12%

18%

24%

30%

WIND SPEED (m/s)

>= 11.1

8.8 - 11.1

5.7 - 8.8

3.6 - 5.7

2.1 - 3.6

0.5 - 2.1

Calms: 0.00%

TOTAL COUNT:

334 hrs.

CALM WINDS:

0.00%

DATA PERIOD:

2011 Jan 1 - Dec 3100:00 - 23:00

AVG. WIND SPEED:

7.94 m/s

DISPLAY:

Wind SpeedDirection (blowing from)



(B) Secondary Meteorological Data

The data for secondary meteorological parameters namely Relative

Humidity, Rainfall and Pressure have been taken from Handbook of

Climatological Tables of Observation in India 1951-1980 by India

Meteorological Department (IMD). The presented data are for IMD station -

Ahmedabad. The said station is approximately 40 Km away from the

proposed project site. The data in respect of the above parameters have

been briefly discussed in the following paragraphs.

1. Relative Humidity (RH) & Vapour Pressure:

The hourly data of humidity was collected at the factory site and data for

the same has been given in the Table 3.4. The variations of highest and

lowest humidity during the monitoring period are recorded as follows:

Lowest Recorded 34.67 %

Highest Recorded 75.4 % Morning and evening mean monthly vapour pressure (hPa) data for

Ahmedabad station is given in the Table 3.6.

Table 3.6 Average Monthly Vapour Pressure

Month

Vapour Pressure (hPa) Morning (At 08:30 hr. IST) Evening (At 17:30 hr. IST)

January 9.4 9.8

February 9.8 9.5

March 12.6 9.6

April 18.4 12.2

May 25.6 15.9

June 30.2 25.7

July 31.1 30.2

August 30.1 29.7

September 28.5 26.8

October 20.8 18.7

November 13.6 14.4

December 10.9 12.1

Source: Climatological tables of observatories in India 1951 – 1980 by IMD.



2. Rainfall Rainfall data for Ahmedabad District is given in Table 3.7. The observed average

rainfall for last 10 years (2001 to 2010) for Viramgam Taluka is 752 mm as per

Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority (GSDMA) website.

Table 3.7 Average Monthly Rainfall

Year

Month 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

January 0 0 0 0 0.2

February 0 0.1 0 0 0

March 0.4 0 0 0 0

April 0 0 0.7 0 0

May 0 0.4 0 0 0

June 84.9 95.3 26.7 4.7 46.7

July 433.0 381.2 221.9 265.5 335.9

August 268.0 310.0 233.6 103.2 421.0

September 108.5 103.2 273.5 8.8 241.7

October 0 0 8.4 4.9 0.9

November 0 0 0 0 50.7

December 0 0 2.0 0 0.2

Total 894.8 890.2 766.8 387.1 1097.3

Average 74.57 74.18 63.90 32.26 91.44

Source: India Meteorological Department Website

33..44 WWAATTEERR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Water is the most vital resource for all kinds of l ife. It should not only be available

in sufficient quantity but also should be of good quality as well. Defilement of

water, as a result of human and industrial activities and consequent pollution of

water causes deterioration of the environment. The main source of water supply at

the proposed project site is existing bore well and permission for the same has

been already obtained.

33..44..11.. BBAASSEE LLIINNEE DDAATTAA Physico-chemical parameters have been used for assessing the base-l ine quality

of underground water and surface water environment and identification of



impacts due to the industrial project. Representative underground water samples

from thirteen (13) different locations (including a project site) were collected and

surface water samples from ten (10) different locations (including a project site)

has been also collected. Locations of the sampling points are as shown in Figure

3.1. The results obtained from physico-chemical characteristics of ground water source

of the study area are presented in the Table 3.8. The results obtained from physico-chemical characteristics of surface water

source of the study area are presented in the Table 3.9. 33..44..22.. SSAAMMPPLLEE AANNAALLYYSSIISS The samples under all categories were analyzed for various parameters specified

by the Ministry of Environment and Forests. For the collection, preservation and

analysis, APHA/IS methods were followed. The requisite procedure laid down in

APHA/IS methods were adopted for preserving the samples with suitable

preservative chemicals. The samples were analysed within the time l imits

prescribed for each parameter.

Photograph showing water samples monitoring is attached as Annexure 3.5.



Table 3.8 Physico Chemical Analysis of Ground Water

Parameter Concentration

A B C D E F G

pH 7.9 8.0 8.4 8.4 8.4 7.9 8.2

Colour CLS CLS CLS CLS CLS CLS CLS

Taste UO UO UO UO UO UO UO

Total Dissolved Solids 1548.0 1498.0 1120.0 1306.0 1098.0 938.0 1312.0

Total Hardness as CaCO3 105.0 150.0 90.0 70.0 65.0 110.0 100.0

Calcium Hardness as Ca 55.0 65.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 50.0 40.0

Magnesium Hardness as Mg 50.0 85.0 55.0 35.0 30.0 60.0 60.0

Chloride as Cl 579.8 609.8 484.8 574.8 524.8 389.9 474.8

Sulphate as SO4 232.5 239.9 141.3 136.6 150.6 153.7 141.6

Alkalinity 215.0 205.0 172.0 200.0 175.0 190.0 220.0

Fluoride 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8

Mineral Oil ND ND ND ND ND ND ND


H I J K L M

pH 7.6 8.4 7.8 8.0 8.4 7.9

Colour CLS CLS CLS CLS CLS 2.0

Taste UO UO UO UO UO UO

Total Dissolved Solids 2164.0 1054.0 1158.0 2320.0 1076.0 1026.0

Total Hardness as CaCO3 510.0 45.0 65.0 225.0 75.0 250.0

Calcium Hardness as Ca 170.0 15.0 30.0 55.0 40.0 120.0

Magnesium Hardness as Mg 340.0 30.0 35.0 170.0 35.0 130.0

Chloride as Cl 849.8 449.8 529.8 699.8 429.9 344.9

Sulphate as SO4 404.8 108.0 164.9 152.2 168.1 168.3

Alkalinity 265.0 215.0 260.0 552.0 180.0 205.0

Fluoride 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.4

Mineral Oil ND ND ND ND ND ND

Note : All parameters are expressed in mg/liter except pH, color and Taste

CLS : Colorless UO : Unobjectable ND : Not Detectable



A : Project Site H : Village : Della

B : Village : Sachana I : Village : Palli

C : Village : Jakhawada J : Village : Moti Kumad

D : Village : Sokali K : Village : Karkathal

E : Village : Siyal L : Village : Khoraj

F : Village : Virochannagar M : Village : Dodar

G : Village : Kalyanpura

Table 3.9 Physico Chemical Analysis of Surface Water


A B C D E F G H I J

pH 7.7 8.0 8.5 8.3 8.2 7.8 7.5 7.8 7.7 7.9

Colour CLS CLS CLS CLS CLS 2.0 CLS CLS CLS CLS

Total Solids 868.0 402.0 353.0 473.0 722.0 354.0 347.0 384.0 481.0 443.0

Total Dissolved Solids

830.0 360.0 318.0 424.0 680.0 308.0 308.0 328.0 420.0 388.0

Suspended Solids 38.0 42.0 35.0 49.0 42.0 46.0 39.0 56.0 61.0 55.0

Total Hardness as CaCO3

110.0 100.0 110.0 85.0 170.0 85.0 95.0 115.0 105.0 155.0

Calcium Hardness as Ca

50.0 50.0 60.0 40.0 90.0 35.0 70.0 70.0 55.0 80.0

Magnesium Hardness as Mg

60.0 50.0 50.0 45.0 80.0 50.0 25.0 45.0 50.0 75.0

Chloride as Cl 294.9 64.9 49.9 44.9 209.9 4.9 44.9 29.9 84.9 64.9

Sulphate as SO4 99.6 45.0 48.5 52.4 119.1 18.9 15.4 12.8 32.5 102.4

Alkalinity 230.0 155.0 175.0 320.0 205.0 180.0 165.0 180.0 215.0 205.0

Fluoride 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3

Oil & Grease ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

128.0 238.7 58.8 120.0 96.0 76.0 120.0 120.0 140.0 102.9

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

41.2 74.6 19.6 38.7 30.9 24.5 37.5 6.6 43.7 33.2

Note : All parameters are expressed in mg/liter except pH and color

CLS : Colorless ND : Not Detectable



A : Village : Sachana F : Village : Kalyanpura

B : Village : Jakhawada G : Village : Della

C : Village : Sokali H : Village : Palli

D : Village : Siyal I : Village : Moti Kumad

E : Village : Virochannagar J : Village : Khoraj

33..55 NNOOIISSEE EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Noise, often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication,

causes annoyance, distracts from work and disturbs sleeps thus deteriorating

quality of human environment. Base-Line Data The main objective of the noise monitoring is to establish the baseline noise levels

of the study area in the existing premises of M/s. Nirma Limited. Ambient Noise Levels Ambient noise is the noise, which persist in the surrounding ambient environment.

It is result of various ongoing routing and general activities in the area. The noise Levels were measured using a portable Sound Level meter. The Sound

Level meter has a built-in capacitance microphone and equipped with single

oscillator calibration facil ity to measure the noise levels directly in dB(A). Noise

levels in the study area have been measured at selected locations to provide the

baseline data to describe the existing situation. The noise levels were measured at

the existing ETP area of M/s. Nirma Limited and some human settlements. The noise

monitoring stations are shown in the Figure 3.1 and the results are depicted in

Table 3.10.

Table 3.10 Noise Level in the Study Area

Sr. No.

Location of monitoring station Noise level, dB(A)

Day time Night time 1 Project Site (Nr. ETP) 54 52

2 Village : Sachana 62 64

3 Village : Jakhawada 48 49

4 Village : Sokali 50 47

5 Village : Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 48 45



6 Village : Virochannagar 45 45

7 Village : Kalyanpura 49 48

8 Village : Della 50 48

9 Village : Palli 47 46

10 Village : Moti Kumad 49 47

11 Village : Karkathal 45 43

12 Village : Khoraj 48 46

13 Village : Dodar 51 48

Note: Day Time (6:00 am to 10:00 pm)

Night Time (10:00 pm to 06:00am)

Results of the above stated table indicate that noise levels in the study area within

the permissible l imit; except for two to three places it is sl ightly exceeding than of

the National Ambient Noise Quality Standards.

33..66 LLAANNDD EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT It describes the existing quality of soil and land use pattern of the study area.

Hence it is determined whether the proposed power plant is in confirmation or in

confl ict with the existing land use patterns of the study area. 3.6.1. TTooppooggrraapphhyy General topography of the study area is fairly plain. No hills or elevated lands are

found in the study area. The proposed power plant will be installed the existing

premises of M/s. Nirma Limited (Healthcare Division). Further to the same, existing

unit is located at Vill.: Sachana, Ta.: Viramgam, Dist.: Ahmedabad and the said

site is devoid of any permanent and economically useful vegetation. 3.6.2. SSooii ll The soil of an area has a direct/indirect effect on the plants and animals. Any

industrial activity is accompanied by releases of gaseous and l iquid pollutants and

disposal of solid wastes which may have adverse impacts on the characteristics of

soil, which in turn may affect the plant and animal l ives. 3.6.3. BBaassee--LLiinnee DDaattaa The soil samples were collected from 13 different places in the study area as shown in

Figure No 3.1. At each sampling site, samples were collected randomly at a depth of 15



cm and mixed together to form composite sample. Large stones, gravels and plant roots

were removed from soil. The soil was then crushed and water suspension was prepared.

The supernatant was then subjected to physico-chemical analysis. Standard procedures

were followed for soil sampling and analysis. The results of Physico-chemical analysis of soil

samples are tabulated in Table 3.11. Photographs showing soil samples monitoring is

attached as Annexure 3.6. The key soil parameters that may need assessing are as follows: I. Physical Parameter In this EIA study physical parameter of soil namely Permeability, Texture, Porosity, Size of

particles and Water Holding Capacity is taken in to the consideration. The above stated

parameters are the important factor because of the fact that it allows water movement

and the same responsible for the growth of various plant species. II. Chemical Parameter In this EIA study chemical parameter of soil namely ph, Electrical Conductivity and Sodium

Absorption Ratio are considered and the soils classified accordingly. 1. pH pH is one of the important factors affecting the plant growth as it influences not

only biological activity but also the availabil ity of nutrients. Depending on pH, the

soil category may range between extremely acidic to extremely alkaline. In

general, the ph range of 5.5 – 8.4 is suitable for most crops. 2. Sodium Absorption Ratio Sodium is a unique cation because of its effect on soil. Sodium Absorpt6ion Ratio

indirectly affects the germination and seeding emergence of the plant seeds. The

higher concentration of SAR results in reduction of infiltration rate of water and air

into the soil. In general SAR < 5% is satisfactory for the normal growth of crops.



Table 3.11 Physico Chemical Analysis of Soil

Sr. No.

Parameter Location

A B C D E F G

1 pH Value 9.60 8.88 8.60 7.05 9.51 9.30 8.67

2 Moisture Content % 4.20 4.15 4.00 3.80 3.70 5.20 4.20

3 Nitrogen as N % 0.031 0.019 0.027 0.026 0.024 0.031 0.026

4 Potassium as K % 0.067 0.027 0.067 0.025 0.017 0.051 0.018

5 Phosphorous as P % 0.001 0.005 0.003 0.001 0.014 0.006 0.012

6 Sodium Absorption Ratio 2.86 3.07 4.80 1.78 30.38 6.57 2.80

7 Total Sodium as Na, mg/kg 176.7 122.4 238.2 73.60 1,210.2 354.2 170.3

8 Magnesium as Mg, mg/kg 56.89 32.49 40.61 30.46 18.27 42.64 73.09

9 Chloride as Cl, mg/kg 272.6 204.5 386.2 113.6 2,181.1 545.3 295.4

10 Iron as Fe, mg/kg 26.00 29.50 32.40 34.00 29.20 32.60 25.60

11 Zinc as Zn, mg/kg 12.00 8.00 9.70 12.60 9.80 9.20 11.00

12 Copper as Cu, mg/kg 31.00 34.20 27.50 27.50 36.20 27.60 29.20

13 Cadmium as Cd, mg/kg N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.

14 Lead as Pb, mg/kg 1.20 N.D. N.D. 1.00 N.D. 1.40 N.D.

15 Water Holding Capacity

Soil Suction Pressure, gm/sq.cm

270.0 371.0 303.6 337.5 371.25 297.0 270.0

pF Value 2.43 2.56 2.48 2.52 2.56 2.47 2.43

16 Porosity % 46.24 47.30 43.50 46.40 47.30 44.42 46.30

Sr. No.

Parameter Location

H I J K L M

1 pH Value 8.90 8.86 8.52 8.38 8.40 7.57

2 Moisture Content % 3.74 3.02 3.92 3.57 3.82 3.20

3 Nitrogen as N % 0.012 0.027 0.034 0.026 0.022 0.025

4 Potassium as K % 0.022 0.052 0.019 0.070 0.066 0.019

5 Phosphorous as P % 0.0195 0.0069 0.0140 0.0140 0.0053 0.0190

6 Sodium Absorption Ratio 2.71 3.53 4.47 2.11 1.78 5.25

7 Total Sodium as Na, mg/kg 132.40 151.70 205.50 103.05 104.40 270.00

8 Magnesium as Mg, mg/kg 60.91 36.55 12.18 36.55 85.28 48.73

9 Chloride as Cl, mg/kg 227.19 249.91 340.79 159.04 181.76 431.67



Sr. No.

Parameter Location

H I J K L M

10 Iron as Fe, mg/kg 26.80 33.60 31.00 26.20 32.50 26.50

11 Zinc as Zn, mg/kg 8.90 12.60 8.70 9.20 9.20 14.00

12 Copper as Cu, mg/kg 34.20 26.60 27.20 32.50 27.40 27.40

13 Cadmium as Cd, mg/kg N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.

14 Lead as Pb, mg/kg 1.60 N.D. 1.12 N.D. 1.57 N.D.

15 Water Holding Capacity

Soil Suction Pressure, gm/sq.cm

298.00 272.00 270.00 315.00 303.00 315.00

pF Value 2.47 2.42 2.43 2.49 2.48 2.49

16 Porosity % 44.40 45.20 44.70 45.20 46.24 45.30

A : Village : Karkathal H : Village : Palli

B : Village : Sachana I : Village : Project Site

C : Village : Virochannagar J : Village : Siyal

D : Village : Jakhawada K : Village : Della

E : Village : Sokali L : Village : Moti Kumad

F : Village : Khoraj M : Village : Kalyanpura

G : Village : Dodar

3.6.4. LLaanndd UUssee PPaatttteerrnn aass ppeerr DDiissttrr iicctt CCeennssuuss RReeccoorrdd The study area upto 10 Km radius from the project site of M/s. Nirma Limited (Healthcare

Division) comprises of 20 rural villages of Ahmedabad District and 11 rural villages of

Mahesana District. The locations of these villages are shown in Figure 1.1 C. It may be noted that due to the non-availability of latest Census data for the land use

pattern of the study area we have taken Census data from the Ahmedabad District

Census Hand Book – 2001 and Mahesana District Census Hand Book – 2001. The important land uses as classified by the district Census records are the Forest, land

irrigation by different water sources, Unirrigated areas, Cultivable waste land and Area

not available for cultivation. The percentage distribution of each category is shown in

below Table 3.12. Land distribution in the study area is as given in the Table 3.13. Graphical representation of percent distribution as per land use is as shown in Figure 3.3.

Note : ND : Not Detectable



Table 3.12 Percentage Distribution as per Land Use

Sr. No. Category % Distribution

Ahmedabad District

1 Forest 0.23

2 Irrigated 15.62

3 Un-irrigated 51.39

4 Cultivable Waste Land 12.64

5 Area not available for cultivation 20.12

Mahesana District

1 Forest 1.26

2 Irrigated 58.10

3 Un-irrigated 23.75

4 Cultivable Waste Land 8.56

5 Area not available for cultivation 8.33 Source: District Census Handbook: Ahmedabad

District Census Handbook: Mahesana

Table 3.13 Land Distribution in Study Area

Census Loc.

Code

Name of the Village

Land Use (i.e. area under different types of land use in hectare)

Forest Irrigated

by source

Un- irrigated

Land

Cultivable Waste Land

Area not available for

cultivable Taluka: Viramgam

111 Kadipur -- 39.0 318.0 17.0 20.4

112 Melaj -- 103.0 1072.0 56.0 6.9

113 Sarsavdi -- 52.4 683.6 170.0 66.0

123 Valana -- 31.0 776.7 196.2 --

124 Moti Kumad -- 34.2 935.8 120.8 152.0

125 Memadpura -- 110.0 269.0 20.0 10.9

126 Rangpur -- 123.0 420.4 66.7 --

127 Nani Kumad -- 40.0 505.0 100.0 14.9

128 Sokali -- 118.0 482.0 30.0 35.5

129 Hansalpur -- 543.0 1879.0 60.9 213.0



Census Loc.

Code

Name of the Village

Land Use (i.e. area under different types of land use in hectare)

Forest Irrigated

by source

Un- irrigated

Land

Cultivable Waste Land

Area not available for

cultivable Sereshvar

132 Karkathal -- 121.0 2579.7 30.3 188.2

133 Jakhwada -- 160.0 1725.0 8.0 32.8

134 Sachana -- 10.3 1904.7 70.3 137.0

135 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) -- 68.0 456.4 10.4 --

136 Ogan --- 218.0 3224.0 460.0 64.6

Taluka : Sanand

160 Virochannagar - 161.0 -- 3684.5 205.9

161 Dodar - 821.5 60.0 68.3 30.9

173 Chharodi - 600.0 107.0 180.0 9.1

174 Khoraj - 160.0 1200.0 1169.5 70.1

177 Kalana - 625.0 106.0 24.0 16.0

Taluka : Kadi

297 Varkhadia - 115.0 537.6 42.7 36.9

298 Fattehpura - 62.2 68.9 10.5 8.1

299 Jamiyatpura - 40.7 140.0 12.1 7.8

308 Jesangpura - 180.2 217.3 22.0 30.5

309 Ishvarpura - 26.4 65.7 5.0 5.1

310 Palli - 450.0 357.8 48.6 52.6

311 Kalyanpura - 369.0 166.1 6.1 81.6

312 Valavadi - 130.4 256.2 37.0 27.0

313 Della - 45.0 282.1 22.4 24.2

314 Panthoda - 68.0 450.6 10.6 44.2

315 Nadan - 128.4 919.7 76.4 100.4 Source: District Census Handbook: Ahmedabad




Figure 3.3 Land use Pattern in the Study Area

3.6.5. LLaanndd UUssee PPaatttteerrnn aass ppeerr RReemmoottee SSeennssiinngg SSttuuddyy Land use pattern, covering the area of 10 km radius, based on Remote Sensing data

obtained from Environmental Information Center (EIC) was carried out by National

Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA). Land use and land cover map along with the village

locations in the area of coverage is presented as Figure 3.4.



Figure 3.4



Areas under different land use The land use classification within the study area of 10 km radius around the project site is

as per the following:

Area Statistics of Landuse / Landcover Map

Sl.No. Class Names Area

(In Hectares) Area (In Sq.Km.) Area %

1 Water Body 175.31 1.75 0.56

2 Open/Barren Land 3507.75 35.08 11.16

3 Agriculture Land 6703.31 67.03 21.33

4 Fallow Land 19759.69 197.60 62.86

5 Open/Degraded Vegetation 616.31 6.16 1.96

6 Plantation/Orchards 24.69 0.25 0.08

7 Scrubs 164.19 1.64 0.52

8 River and Canal 158.94 1.59 0.51

9 Settlement and Habitation 264.31 2.64 0.84

10 Industrial Area 54.38 0.54 0.17

11 Seasonal Water Body 3.00 0.03 0.01

Total 31431.88 314.32 100



33..77 EECCOOLLOOGGYY//BBIIOO DDIIVVEERRSSIITTYY Bio-diversity of Terrestrial and Coastal Environment

The variety and variability of organisms and ecosystems is referred to as biological diversity

or Bio diversity. The biodiversity we see today is the fruit of billions of years of evolution,

shaped by natural processes. The vast array of interactions among the various

components of biodiversity makes the planet habitable for all species, including humans.

There is a growing recognition that, biological diversity is a global asset of tremendous

value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to species and

ecosystems has never been as great as it is today. Species extinction caused by human

activities continues at an alarming rate. Protecting biodiversity is in our self-interest. Ecological impact assessment (EcIA) is used to predict and evaluate the impacts of

development activities on ecosystems and their components, thereby providing the

information needed to ensure that ecological issues are given full and proper

consideration in development planning. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) has

emerged as a key to sustainable development by integrating social, economic and

environmental issues in many countries. EcIA has a major part to play as a component of

EIA but also has other potential applications in environmental planning and

management. Ecological Impact Assessment provides a comprehensive review of the

EcIA process and summarizes the ecological theories and tools that can be used to

understand, explain and evaluate the ecological consequences of development

proposals. At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, world leaders agreed on a comprehensive

strategy for "sustainable development” to meet our needs while ensuring that we leave a

healthy and viable world for future generations. One of the key agreements adopted at

Rio de Janeiro was the Convention on Biological Diversity. Article14 of Convention on

Biodiversity (Impact Assessment and Minimizing Adverse Impacts), stressed the need to

Introduce appropriate procedures of environmental impact assessment for proposed

projects that are likely to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity with a

view to avoiding or minimizing such effects. Environmental impact assessments have become an integral part of development

projects in India ever since 1994, to formulate policies and guidelines for environmentally

sound economic development. Proper assessment of biological environment and

compilation of its taxonomical data is essential for the impact prediction.



The present work is a compilation of flora and faunal species occurring within the study

area and identification of importance of threatened, rare and significant species and

communities. The present work also envisaged to assess the likely impacts of project

activities and streamline the recommendations to assist minimising the impact on

biodiversity. Photographs showing flora & fauna survey is attached as Annexure 3.7. 3.7.1. Period of the study and Study area:

The baseline biological survey, for the evaluation of the floral and faunal biodiversity of

the terrestrial environment within 10 km from the proposed project site located Sachana

village, Ahmedabad District was conducted during June, 2011. 3.7.2. Methodology: The primary objective of survey was to describe the floral and faunal communities within

the study area. The sampling plots for floral inventory were selected randomly in the

suitable habitats within the 10km radius from the project site. The methodology adopted

for faunal survey involve; Random survey, Opportunistic observations, Diurnal bird

observation, active search for reptiles, faunal habitat assessment, active search for scats

and foot prints and review of previous studies, Desktop literature review was conducted to

indentify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and ecological

communities listed by IUCN, WCMC, ZSI, BSI and Indian wild Life Protection act, 1972. 3.7.3. TERRESTRIAL FLORAL AND FAUNAL COMPONENTS OF THE STUDY AREA: The area fall in 31 villages were covered for the present baseline study. The villages

covered are given in the table #1.

Table#1 List of Villages covered under the present baseline study

Sr. No. Village Name Villages closer to the project site

1/1 Project site 2/2 Sachana 3/3 Kalyanpur 4/4 Palli 5/5 Virochan Nagar

Other villages within 10 km of the study area 6/1 Ogan 7/2 Karkathal



8/3 Jakhwada 9/4 Nani Kumad

10/5 Soakali 11/6 Hansapur 12/7 Valana 13/8 Moti Kumad 14/9 Memadpura

15/10 Rangpur 16/11 Sarsavdi 17/12 Kadipur 18/13 Melaj 19/14 Khoraj 20/15 Kalana 21/16 Chharodi 22/17 Dodar 23/18 Palli 24/19 Kalyanpura 25/20 Valavadi 26/21 Della 27/22 Panthoda 28/23 Jesangpura 29/24 Ishvapura 30/25 Fattehpura 31/26 Jamiyalpura



3.7.3.1 Habitat Description of the Project site The project site is located in the campus of the

existing industrial unit. The landscape of the

campus is dominated by loans, the tree cover is

comparatively less, dominated by Peltophorum

pterocarpum, Salvadora oleoides, Azadirachta

indica, Roystonea regia and Eucalyptus sp.

3.7.3.2 Habitat Description of the Study area The area of the present investigation is spread

around Ahmedabad District and Mehsana District

of Gujarat state. Topography of the area is

characterized by dominating plain area

dominated by agriculture land. The tree cover in

this locality restricted mainly to agriculture hedges

and road side plantation. The dominant tree

species in and along the hedges of the agriculture

lands are dominated by Salvadora olivoides

(Pilludi), Prosopis cineraria (Khyigdo) and

Azadirachta indica (Neem) Few places in the study area was characterised

by the dense vegetation cover with Acacia

nilotica, Balanites aegyptiaca, and Prosopis

Juliflora. Few of these scrub land harbour a good

population of Nilgai. The Narmada canal system is passing through

the, Sokali, Moti Kumad and Rangpur villages

of the study area. But, ironically most of

agriculture fields in this area were without any

crop during the survey period of June, 2011

even with the availabil ity of water passing

through this canal system .



3.7.4. Floral Diversity of the study area:

The climatic, edaphic and biotic variations with their complex interrelationship and

composition of species, which are adapted to these variations, have resulted in different

vegetation cover, characteristic of each region. The following account of floral diversity,

based on the field survey conducted for a short duration in June, 2011, is aimed only to

give a general pattern of vegetation of this region as a baseline data. The vegetation of

this area can be classified on the basis of habitats as; open fallow lands, areas under

cultivations, hedge vegetation and scrub vegetation. The tree species, herbs and shrubs

and major crops, were documented during this base line study. The list of floral species

documented in the study area is enlisted in table# 2-5 The dominant trees growing in this area were Salvadora oleoides, Azadirachta indica,

Prosopis cineraria, Cordia ghraf, Ficus benghalensis and F. religiosa. The tree species

observed in the study area is enlisted in the table #2 Shrubs are the dominant perennials of this area, represented mainly by, Prosopis juliflora,

Calotropis procera, Calotropis gigantea, Jatropha curcas, Jatropha gossypifolia, Zizyphus

nummularia, Agave Americana, Cassia auriculata, Ipomoea fistulosa and Capparis

decidua. The shrub species observed in the study area are documented in the table #3 Hedge vegetation was mainly consisted of various climbers and shrubs like, Prosopis

Juliflora, Lawsonia interims, Euphorbia nivulia, Zizyphus nummularia, Capparis decidua,

Ipomoea obscura, and Climbers like; Ipomea cairica, and I. obscura,. Few trees like

Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica were also observed as the hedge vegetation. Road side ditches and other water logged region were occupied by Ipomea aquatica, I.

Fistulosa and Hygrophila auriculata. 3.7.4.1 Trees: Tree species enlisted from the study area is given in the table #2. 56 trees belong to 26

families were enlisted from the study area.



TABLE#2 TREES IN THE STUDY AREA

# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 1 Anacardiaceae

1/1 Mangifera indica L. Ambo 2 Annonaceae

2/1 Polyalthia longifolia Asopalav 3 Apocynaceae

3/1 Plumeria obtuse L Chambo 4 Arecaceae

4/1 Cocos nucifera L Narial 5 Bignoniaceae

5/1 Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Roydo 6/2 Spathodea campanulata Beauv. 6 Caesalpiniaceae

7/1 Delonix elata Sandesro 8/2 Delonix regia(Boj) Gulmohar 9/3 Parkinsonia aculeata L Rambaval 10/4 Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.)

Backer ex Heyne Sonmukhi

11/5 Cassia fistula L. Garmalo 12/6 Senna siamea Lam. Kasida 13/7 Tamarindus indica L Amli

7 Casuarinaceae 14/1 Casuarina equisetifolia L. Sharu

8 Caricaceae 15/1 Carica papaya L Papaya

9 Combretaceae 16/1 Terminalia catappa L. Badam 17/2 Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb.) Wall. Dhamado 10 Ebenaceae

18/1 Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. Timbru 11 Ehretiaceae

19/1 Cordia dichotoma Forst. Mota Gunda 20/2 Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) E. & A. Nani Gundi 12 Euphorbiaceae

21/1 Emblica officinalis Gaertn Ambla 13 Meliaceae

22/1 Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbado



# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 23/2 Melia azedarach Bakan limdo 14 Mimosaceae

24/1 Acacia auriculiformis L Austrialanbaval 25/2 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.subsp.indica

(Bth.) Brenan Baval

26/3 Acacia senegal ( Willd.) Gobita 27/4 Acacia chundra (Roxb.ex.Rottl. Kair 28/5 Acacia leucophloea (Roxb) Hermobhaval 29/6 Albizia lebbeck L. Sirid 30/7 Albizia procera (Roxb.) Killai 31/8 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Pardesi Baval 32/9 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khyigdo

33/10 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC Gadobaval 34/11 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth. Gorasmli

15 Moraceae 35/1 Ficus bengalensis L Vad 36/2 Ficus racemosa L. Umaro 37/3 Ficus religiosa L Piplo 16 Moringaceae

38/1 Moringa oleifera Lam Sargavo 17 Myrtaceae

39/1 Eucalyptus citriodora Hk. Nilgari 40/2 Syzygium cumini ( L) Jambu 18 Papilionaceae

41/1 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub Khakaro 42/2 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb Sisam 43/3 Pongamia pinnata (L.)Pierre Karanji 44/4 Sesbania sesban (L.)Merr. Shevari 19 Poaceae (Gramineae)

45/1 Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. 46/2 Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Manvel Vans 20 Rhamnaceae

47/1 Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth Bor 48/2 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam Bordi 21 Rubiaceae

49/1 Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Kalam, Kadamb 22 Salvadoraceae



# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 50/1 Salvadora persica L. Piludo 51/2 Salvadora oleoides Decne Piludi 23 Sapotaceae

52/1 Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Rayan 53/2 Manilkara zapota L Chikoo 24 Simaroubaceae

54/1 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Aurdso 25 Ulmaceae

55/1 Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch Kanjo Audo 26 Verbenaceae

56/1 Tectona grandis L. Sag

3.7.4.2 Shrubs: Shrubs encountered during the present survey are given in the Table#3. 35 shrub species

belong to 20 families were enumerated from the study area, most dominant shrubs in the

core zone and buffer zone were Prosopis juliflora, Capparis decidua, Calotropis gigantea,

Calotropis procera, Cassia auriculata and Balanites aegyptiaca.

TABLE#3 SHRUBS IN THE STUDY AREA

# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 1 Agavaceae

1/1 Agave americana L -- 2 Apocynaceae

2/1 Thevetia peruviana Merr. Pili karan 3/2 Nerium indicum Mill Lalkaren 3 Asclepiadaceae

4/1 Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br Akado 5/2 Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br Akado 4 Bignoniaceae --

6/1 Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.& K. Peilafol 5 Balanitaceae

7/1 Balanites aegyptiaca L. Ingorio, Angario 6 Cactaceae

8/1 Opuntia elatior Mill. Fafdo Thor 7 Caesalpiniaceae

9/1 Cassia auriculata L Aval 8 Capparaceae



# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 10/1 Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew Kerdo 11/2 Capparis sepiaria L. Kanthar

9 Celastraceae 12/1 Maytenus emarginata ( Willd.) Vico 10 Convolvulaceae

13/1 Ipomoea fistulosa Mart.ex Choisy Nasarmo 11 Euphorbiaceae

14/1 Euphorbia nivulia Buch. – Ham. Thor 15/2 Euphorbia tirucalli L Kharsani 16/3 Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot 17/4 Jatropha gossypifolia L. Paerdesi divalo 18/5 Ricinus communis L. Divel 12 Lythraceae

19/1 Lawsonia inermis L Mendhi 13 Malvaceae

20/1 Abelmoschus manihot L. Jungli Bindi 21/2 Gossypium herbaceum L. Kapas 22/3 Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. Jasund 14 Mimosaceae

23/1 Prosopis juliflora DC Gando baval 24/2 Acacia jacquemontii Bth.in Hk.f. Rato Baval 15 Nyctaginaceae

25/1 Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Bougainvel 16 Papilionaceae

26/1 Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Shevari 17 Rhamnaceae

27/1 Zizyphus nummularia (Burm.f.) W. &. Chanibor 28/2 Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Ro Bor 18 Rubiaceae

29/1 Ixora brachiata (L) Garbale 19 Solanaceae

30/1 Solanum incanum L Ubhi ringan 31/2 Solanum melongena L. Ringana 32/3 Datura metel L Daturo 33/4 Nicotina tabacum L. Tamaku 20 Verbenaceae

34/1 Clerodendrum multiflorum (Burm.f.) O.Ktze Arni



# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 35/2 Lantana camara var. Aculeate --

3.7.4.3 Herbs: The herbaceous cover observed in this region is given in the table#4. 42 herbaceous

species belonging to 20 families were recorded from the study area.

Table #4 HERBACEOUS SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA

# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 1 Acanthaceae

1/1 Hygrophila ainguriculata (Schum.) Kanatashelio,Akaro 2 Amaranthaceae

2/1 Achyranthes aspera L. Anghedi, Anghedo 3 Asteraceae

3/1 Echinops echinatus Roxb Shulio 4/2 Tridax procumbens L Pardesi Bhangro 4 Boraginaceae

5/1 Trichodesma indicum R. Br. Undha Fuli 5 Cactaceae

6/1 Opuntia elatior Mill. Thor 6 Convolvulaceae

7/1 Cressa cretica L. Palio, Rudanti 7 Cyperaceae

8/1 Cyperus difformis L. -- 9/2 Cyperus rotundus L. --

10/3 Cyperus sp. -- 11/4 Fimbristylis dichotoma Vahl. -- 12/5 Fimbristylis sp. --

8 Euphorbiaceae 13/1 Euphorbia hirta L. --

9 Gentianaceae 14/1 Nymphoides indicum (Roxb.) Kumudini 10 Hydrocharitaceae

15/1 Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle -- 11 Liliaceae

16/1 Aloe barbadensis Mill. Kunvarpato 12 Lamiaceae

17/1 Ocimum sanctum L. Tulsi



# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 18/2 O. canum Sims Ramtulsi 19/3 O .basilicum L. Damro 13 Malvaceae

20/1 Abutilon indicum L. Khapat,Dabaliar 14 Nymphaeaceae

21/1 Nymphaea pubescens Wild Kamal 15 Papilionaceae

22/1 Cajanus cajan (L) Tuvar 23/2 Crotalaria burhia Bach. – Ham. Kharshan 24/3 Indigofera oblongifolia Forks. -- 25/4 Tephrosia sps. -- 16 Papaveraceae

26/1 Argemone mexicana L. Darudi 17 Poaceae

27/1 Aleuropus lagopoides (L) -- 28/2 Aristida sp. -- 29/3 Cynodon barberi Rang. -- 30/4 Cynodon dactylon (L.) -- 31/5 Oryza sativa L. Chokha 32/6 Phragmites kara (Retz.) -- 33/7 Triticum aestivum L. Ghau 34/8 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Jowar 35/9 Zea mays Makai 18 Solanaceae

36/1 Solanum indicum L. Ringni 37/2 Solanum nigrum L. Piludi 38/3 Solanum surattense Brum. Bhoringni 19 Typhaceae

39/1 Typha angustata Bory & Chaub Ramban,Ghabajariu 20 Tiliaceae

40/1 Corchorus depressus Stocks -- 21 Zygophyllaceae

41/1 Fagonia cretica L. -- 42/2 Tribulus terrestris L. Mithu Gokhru



3.7.4.4 Climbers and Twiners: The climbers and twiners observed along the agricultural hedges and road side hedges of

the study area is given in the table#5.15 climbers belonging to 6 families were recorded

from the area.

Table #5 CLIMBERS AND TWINERS IN THE STUDY AREA

# Family & Scientific name Vernacular name 1 Capparaceae

1/1 Capparis zeylanica L. Kanthro 2/2 Capparis sepiaria L. kantalokanthro 1 Convolvulaceae

3/1 Ipomea cairica (L.) -- 4/2 Ipomoea obscura L. -- 5/3 Ipomea pulchella Roth -- 6/4 Ipomea aquatica Forsk. Nadanivel 7/5 Ipomoea pes-caprae Dariani vel/Maryad vel 8/6 Ipomoea pes-tigrides L -- 3 Cucurbitaceae

9/1 Citrullus colocynthis L. -- 10/2 Coccinia grandis Ghiloda 11/3 Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.J.Roem Galku 12/4 L. acutangula (L) Jungli turia

4 Cuscutaceae 13/1 Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Amarvel

5 Menispermaceae 14/1 Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels Vevdi 15/2 Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers Galo

6 Papilionaceae 16/1 Abrus precatorius L. Chanothi 17/2 Clitoria ternatea L. Gokaran

3.7.5. Cultivated Plants in the Study Area: Most of the villages in the study area are engaged in monsoon depended agriculture

activities. The major agricultural croping patterns practiced in the study area are; Rice

(Oryza sativa) , Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides) and Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum), during

monsoon season, during winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Jowar (Sorghum vulgare),



during summer, only a few are practising Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides) cultivation.

Agricultural activities in the study area commence with the early monsoon shower. The prevalent cropping systems of this area are the cumulative results of past and present

decisions by individuals, these decisions are usually based on experience, tradition,

expected profit, personal preferences and resources, and so on.

In India, there are two distinct seasons for crop, Kharif (July to October), and Rabi

(October to March). Crops grown between March and June are known as zaid. In some

parts of the country including Gujarat, there are not such distinct seasons, but there they

have their own classification of crops based on their need and suitability. South-westerly monsoon crops (Kharif), and post-monsoon crops, after the Kharif crops

harvesting (Rabi), can be considered to be the base of cropping patterns of this region.

Summer is mostlu without any cultivation because of the absence of the irrigation

facilities. The crop occupying the highest percentage of the sown area of this region is taken as the

major crop and all other possible alternative crops which are sown in this region either as

substitutes of the base crop in the same season or as the crops which fit in the rotation in

the subsequent season, are considered as minor crop. 3.7.5.1 Major Crops: Major crops in the study area were Rice (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cotton

(Gossypium herbaceum), Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides), and Jowar (Sorghum vulgare). 3.7.5.2 Minor Crops: A minor crop practiced in this region during monsoon season was Castor Ricinus

Communis. 3.7.5.3 Pulses: The pulses cultivated in this region in isolated pockets was Tuver (Cajanus cajan). 3.7.5.4 Vegetables: Bhindi (Abelmoschus esculentus) Brinjal and Ringana (Solanum melongena), are the

vegetables reported to be grown in the study area during monsoon.



3.7.6. Horticultural Practices and Fruits grown: Horticulture activity was found to be restricted to very few pockets. Mango (Mangifera

indica L.) were observed in most of the villages the study area. Other fruit yielding varieties

observed in the villages in the study area were Papaya (Carica papaya). Gunda (Cordia

dichotoma), Rayan (Manilkara hexandra), Gorasamali (Pithelellobium dulce),Amali

(Tamarindus indicum), and Bor ( Zizyphus glabrata) Major horticultural crops

Keri (Mangifera indica L.), Chikoo (Manilkara zapota (L.)), Papaya (Carica papaya L.),

and Banana (Musa Paradisiaca L.) 3.7.7. Rare and Endangered Flora in the Study Area: The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation

status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of

thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all

regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the

most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Out of 17000 species of higher plants known to occur in India, nearly 614 higher plant

species were evaluated by IUCN. Among them 247 species are under threatened

category (IUCN, 2007). Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any threat

category, by RED data book of Indian Plants. (Nayar and Sastry ,1990) and Red list of

threatened Vascular plants (IUCN,2010, BSI, 2003) 3.7.8. Endemic Plants of the Study Area: De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a

taxonomic unit, especially a species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated

from its surrounding region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Out of 17000 species of known flowering plants of India nearly 5000 species are said to be

endemic. Nearly 58 genera and 1932 taxa are found to be endemic to peninsular India

(Ahmedulla & Nayar, 1987). Among recorded plant species none can be assigned the status of endemic plant of this

region.



3.7.9. Endemic Plants of the Study Area: For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to birds,

reptiles, amphibians, and butterfly species, a baseline survey had been conducted. All

together area belongs to 31 villages were covered for the present biological baseline

study. 3.7.9.1 Birds of the Study Area: The sighting of bird species was very lass during the study period during June 2011. The

most commonly spotted bird species of this area were; Cattle Egret, Intermediate Egret,

Black-winged Stilt, Red-wattled Lapwing, Rock Pigeon, Eurasian Collared-Dove, Spotted

Dove, Chestnut-headed Bee-eater, Grey Francolin, House Crow, Purple Sunbird, Bank

Myna and common Myna. Large village ponds in Nani Kumad and Rangpur villages were observed with large

number of aquatic birds, including Comb duck, Spot bill, Cormorant, Indian Shag, Small

Egret etc. Sarus Crane were reported from this area during the monsoon time in the agriculture fields

with rice cultivation but not sighted during the survey period. 1,224 bird species reliably recorded from India, together with their status categories. In

total there are 1219 extant native species including migrants and vagrants (but excluding

3 species now known to be extinct in the country, and 2 introduced species). There are

923 breeding species (911 residents, plus 12 suspected residents). IUCN evaluated 1224 bird species from India and categorized 77 species as threatened

(13 species as critically endangered, 10 species as Endangered and 54 species as

Vulnerable). Few of the sighted birds were evaluated as near threatened by IUCN, 2010. A taxon is Near Threatened, when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not

qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable categories, but is close to

qualifying or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future. List of these,

near threatened species is given in the Table#6. Systematic account of the birds in the

study area with the status of occurrence is given in the table #7.



TABLE #6NEAR THREATENED (IUCN) BIRDS OF THE STUDY AREA

Species Habitat Threat status IUCN Location Painted stork

(Mycteria leucocephala)

Shallow water bodies

Near threatened

Pond in Pali village Nani Kumaad village

Black headed ibis (Threskiornis

melanocephalus)

Near water bodies and

agriculture fields

Near threatened

Pond in Rangpur

Source: IUCN Red list 2010 and Bird life international 2009

TABLE # 7 SYSTEMATIC LISTS OF BIRDS IN THE STUDY AREA WITH ITS DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATORY STATUS

Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist. ORDER: ANSERIFORMES

Comb Duck Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos R Spotbill Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha R IIORDER: APODIFORMES Family: Apodidae (swifts) Common Swift Common Swift Apus apus R House swift Little Swift Apus affinis R Wire-tailed Swallow Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii R

Indian Cliff Swallow Streak-throated Swallow

Hirundo fluvicola R

III. ORDER: FALCONIFORMES Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture) Shikra Shikra Accipiter badius R Black-winged Kite Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus R IV. ORDER: : CICONIIFORMES



Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist. Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern) Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R

Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia Egretta intermedia

R

Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet ) Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R Family: Ciconiidae (Open bill, stork, Adjutant) Painted Stork Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala R Family: Threskiornithidae (Spoonbill and Ibis) Black Ibis Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa R

White Ibis Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus

R

Spoonbill Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia RW Family: Phalacrocoracidae ( Cormorant) Indian Shag Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis R Little Cormorant Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger R V ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove) Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R

Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove

Streptopelia decaocto R

Rufous Turtle Dove Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis R

Spotted Dove Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis R VI : ORDER: CORACIFORMES Family: Alcedinidae (King fisher) Small Blue King Fisher Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis R Family: Dacelonidae (King fishers) White breasted Kingfisher

White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis

R

Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater) Chestnut-headed Bee-eater

Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti R

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus Merops superciliosus

R



Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist. VII. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES Family: Centropodidae (Cocucal) Crow-Pheasant or Coucal Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis R Family: Cuculidae (cuckoo, Koel) Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R VIII. ORDER: GALLIFORMES Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl, Partridge, Quail, francolin, spur fowl, jungle fowl, Monal) Common Peafowl Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus R

Grey Partridge Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus

R

IX ORDER: GRUIFORMES Family: Rallidae ( Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail,)

White-breasted Water hen White-breasted Water hen

Amaurornis phoenicurus R

X. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES Family: Paridae (Tit ) Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R Family: Corvidae

Large Cuckoo-shrike Large Cuckoo-shrike Coracina macei Coracina novaehollandiae

R

Raven Common Raven Corvus corax R House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R

Black drongo- King Crow Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicrurus adsimilis

R

Tree Pie Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda R Golden-Oriole Eurasian Golden-Oriole Oriolus oriolus R Family: Laniidae (shrike) Rufous backed Shrike Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach R Grey Shrike Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor R Family: Muscicapidae ( Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R Pied Bushchat Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata R Family: Nectariniidae ( Sun Birds, Flower pecker, Spider hunter ) Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R



Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist. Small Sunbird Crimson-backed

Sunbird Nectarinia minima

R

Family: Passeridae ( Avadavat,Pipit, Wagtail, Munia, Snowfinch, sparrow, weaver ,Accentor) House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul, ) Red-whiskered Bulbul Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus R Red-vented Bulbul Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling) Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R Family: Sylviidae ( Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta ,Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds Common Babbler Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus R Jungle Babbler Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus R Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R XI. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet) Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R ORDER: STRIGIFORMES Family: Strigidae (Owl and Owlet) Spotted Owlet Spotted Owlet Athene brama R

Note: R = Widespread Resident, r = Very Local Resident,

W = Widespread Winter Visitor, w = Sparse Winter Visitor, RW =Resident and winter visitor

As per the distribution given in WCMC & Source: Oriental Bird Club’s Check list of Indian Birds 3.7.9.2 Butterflies from the Study Area: Butterflies in the study area (Core zone and Buffer zone) are restricted to few places.

Butterflies observed during the present study are documented in the Table #8.

TABLE# 8 BUTTERFLIES IN THE STUDY AREA

Scientific name & family Common name 1 Family Papilionidae

1/1 Papilio polytes Linnaeus Common Mormon



2 Family Pieridae 2/1 Eurema hecabe Linnaeus Common Grass yellow 3/2 Cerpora nerissa Fabricius Common Gull 4/3 Ixias mariane Cramer White orange tip 5/4 Ixias pyrene Linnaeus Yellow orange tip 6/5 Colotis danae Fabricus Crimson tip 3 Family: Nymphalidae

7/1 Melanitis leda Linnaeus Common evening Brown 8/2 Danaus chrysippus Plain Tiger 9/3 Danaus genutia Cramer Stripped Tiger 10/4 Hypolimanas misippus Danaid egg fly 11/5 Junonia orithya Linnaeus Blue pancy

3.7.9.3 Herpetofauna:

TABLE# 9 REPTILES IN THE STUDY AREA

# Common Name Scientific Name 1 Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor (Daudin) 2 Common rat snake Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) 3 Common Indian monitor Varanus bengalensis (Daudin) 4 Brahminy skink Eutropis carinata (Schneider) 5 House Gecko Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppell) 6 Spotted Indian House Gecko Hemidactylus brookii (Gray) 7 Fan-Throated Lizard Sitana ponticeriana (Cuvier) 8 Indian Cobra Naja naja (Linn.) 9 Russell’s Viper Daboia russelii (Shaw & Nodder)

10 Common Indian Krait Bungarus caeruleus (Schneider)

= Not sighted but included as per the information provided by villagers, during the interaction with them with pictorial presentation. 3.7.9.4 Mammals: The wild mammals observed other than domesticated ones from the study area is

documented in the table#10. Group of Nilgai were sighted at Scrub jungle of Vantival,

Bavra villages. Group of Common/ Hanuman Langur were spotted in Kesara, Davda and

Bhavra villages.

TABLE# 10 MAMMALS FROM THE STUDY AREA

# Common Name Scientific Name 1 Five striped Palm squirrel Funambulus pennanti (Wroughton)



2 Common House Rat Rattus rattus (Linnaeus) 3 Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy) 4 Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas) 5 Hare Lepus nigricollis F. Cuvier

3.7.10. Rare and Endangered Fauna of the Study Area: The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation

status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of

thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all

regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the

most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. IUCN, (2007) has evaluated

1976 animal species from India, among them 313 have in recognized as threatened

species. Among them one species is considered as extinct, while 44 species are in

critically endangered( CR) catogery, 88 is in endangered category(EN), while 181 is

considered as vulnerable (VU). As per IUCN RED LIST (2010), Among birds, Painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala), Black

headed ibis,(Threskiornis melanocephalus) are grouped under near threatened birds. Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide for

the protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or

ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental

security of the country. Some of the sighted fauna was given protection by the Indian Wild

Life (Protection)Act,1972 by including them in different schedules .Among the birds in the

study area, Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus), is included in schedule I .of Wild life protection Act

(1972), while many other birds are included in schedule IV. Among the reptiles, Common Indian monitor (Varanus bengalensis), Indian Cobra (Naja

naja), and Common rat snake (Ptyas mucosus) were provided protection as per

Schedule-II of Wild life protection act, (1972). Among mammals; Common Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi) and Common Langur

(Presbytis entellus) are schedule–II animals. Nilghai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) is

protected as Schedule-III animal and all Hares are included in schedule IV of Wild Life

Protection act 1972.



3.7.11. Endemic Fauna of the Study Area: None of the sighted animal species can be assigned endemic species category of the

study area. 3.7.12. Status of the Forest, their category in the Study Area: Few small patches of scrub land were observed in Sokali, Valana, Moti Kamad, Pali and

Kalyanpura villages, these open scrub land were dominated by Acacia nilotica, Prosopis

Juliflora and Balanites aegyptiaca. Herds of Nilgai were observed in this locality. 3.7.13. Protected area near the Project site: The Thol bird sanctuary, the protected area in Mehasana district is located around 21.63

km from the project site.

3.7.14. Aquatic Environment: ( Inland water bodies): Most of the village ponds in the study area were dried up and during the sampling period

water was restricted only to few depressions. Few of the ponds with resonantly some

water were sampled for evaluating their plankton diversity. Most of these ponds were

subjected to severe eutrophication because of the abundant nutrient availability, which

resulted into algal bloom of few dominated species. Because of the dominance of one or

few species in the form algal bloom, quantification was not carried out only the

qualitative evaluation has been carried out to evaluate the plankton diversity of the

inland water bodies in the study area. Samples were collected from 1) Rangpur village 2) Valana village 3) Moti Kumad village

4) Virochan nagar village and 5) Dhavedi village.

21.63 Km



The phytoplankton of all these ponds were characterised by the bloom of Blue green

algae Microcystis sp. and predominance of one diatom species Nitzschia sp.

Check List of Phytoplankton species in the sampled inland water bodies are given in the

table # 11 and check list of zooplankton Communities sampled inland water bodies is

given in the Table # 12. Major genera of phytoplankton and zooplankton are given in the

table # 13.

TABLE # 11 THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES

Phytoplankton communities Village ponds/ present ()

or absent () 1 2 3 4 5

SUB PHYLUM : BACILLARIOPHYCEAE ORDER Pennales Family Fragillariaceae Synedra sp Family Naviculaceae Navicula sp, Family Nitzschiaceae Nitzschia sp. Family Surirellaceae Surirella sp.

Phylum Cyanophyta Order Chroococcales Family Chroococcales Microcystis sp Aphanocapsa sp Order Oscillatoriales Family Oscillatoriaceae Oscillatoria sp

PHYLUM CHLOROPHYTA Sub Phylum Chlorophyceaea Order :Chlorococcales Family Hydrodictyaceae Pediastrum sp Order Zygnematales Family Zygnemataceae Spirogyra sp.

TABLE # 12 THE ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES

Zooplankton communities Village ponds/ present ()

or absent () 1 2 3 4 5

ROTATORIA (ROTIFERS) Order Ploima Family Brachionidae Brachionous sp. Family Testsdinellidae Filinia sp.



TABLE # 13 MAJOR PHTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON GENERA

Major Genera

Sampled Ponds 1 2 3 4 5

Phytoplankton Nitzschia sp. Synedra sp. Microcystis sp.

Nitzschia sp. Microcystis sp.



Nitzschia sp Microcystis sp .

Zooplankton Brachionous sp.

Brachionous sp.

Brachionous sp.

Absent Brachionous sp.

33..88 SSOOCCIIOO –– EECCOONNOOMMIICC EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT This study has been taken up to visualize and predict impacts on the socio- economic

profile within 10 km study area from the project site of M/s. Nirma Limited. Figure 1.1

depicts the location of the villages and Table 3.14 shows the distance and direction of the

villages from the plant site.

It may be noted that for the Socio-Economic Environment we have taken all the data

from the Census of India – 2001.

Table 3.14 Identified Villages for Socio-Economic Study

Loc. Code.

No. Name of Villages

From the project site

Direction Aerial Distance (Kms.) District: Ahmedabad

Taluka: Viramgam

111 Kadipur NNW 9.33

112 Melaj N 6.89

113 Sarsavdi NNW 8.22

123 Valana WNW 8.89

124 Moti Kumad NW 8.12

125 Memadpura NNW 6.89

126 Rangpur NNW 4.89

127 Nani Kumad WNW 6.44

128 Sokali W 7.8

129 Hansalpur Sereshvar W 8.89

132 Karkathal SSE 9.04



Loc. Code.

No. Name of Villages

From the project site

Direction Aerial Distance (Kms.) 133 Jakhwada WSW 5.38

134 Sachana SSW 2.15

135 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) SSW 5.81

136 Ogan S 5.78

Taluka Sanand

160 Virochannagar E 4.11

161 Dodar ENE 8.3

173 Chharodi ESE 8.67

174 Khoraj SSE 7.01

177 Kalana SE 9.33

District: Mahesana

Taluka: Kadi

297 Varkhadia NNE 7.78

298 Fattehpura NNE 7.33

299 Jamiyatpura NE 8.89

308 Jesangpura NE 8.00

309 Ishvarpura NNE 6.67

310 Palli NNW 3.55

311 Kalyanpura N 3.65

312 Valavadi NE 5.78

313 Della NE 6.18

314 Panthoda NE 8.00

315 Nadan ESE 9.33 Source: District Census Handbook: Ahmedabad


To define Socio-economic scenario base-line data for the following has been collected.

1. Economics structure

2. Demographic structure

3. Availability of basic amenities



3.8.1. Economics Structure Economic structure of the study area is presented with help of following tables and

figures.

Table 3.15: Economic structure -Main workers in study area

Figure 3.5: Percentage Distribution of Main workers in study area

Table 3.16: Economic structure -Marginal workers in study area

Figure 3.6: Percentage Distribution of Marginal workers in study area

Table 3.17: Economic structure -Total workers in study area

Figure 3.7: Percentage Distribution of Total workers in study area

Table 3.15 Economic Structure – Main Workers

Sr. No

Name of Villages Distribution of Main Workers in Study Area Total No

of Main Workers Cultivators

Agricultural Laborer

Household Industry

Other Services

Taluka: Viramgam

1 Kadipur 14 31 0 11 56

2 Melaj 180 296 2 50 528

3 Sarsavdi 131 126 3 110 370

4 Valana 143 97 9 215 464

5 Moti Kumad 131 311 0 91 533

6 Memadpura 313 391 4 117 825

7 Rangpur 198 112 0 35 345

8 Nani Kumad 156 75 0 3 234

9 Sokali 240 214 5 377 836

10 Hansalpur Sereshvar

248 341 25 1058 1672

11 Karkathal 482 696 17 277 1472

12 Jakhwada 263 489 17 339 1108

13 Sachana 191 480 2 543 1216

14 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 108 250 5 72 435

15 Ogan 488 501 15 240 1244

Taluka: Sanand

16 Virochannagar 590 1,002 6 397 1995

17 Dodar 334 326 13 155 828



Sr. No

Name of Villages Distribution of Main Workers in Study Area Total No

of Main Workers Cultivators

Agricultural Laborer

Household Industry

Other Services

18 Chharodi 133 828 4 146 1111

19 Khoraj 306 467 11 117 901

20 Kalana 147 234 0 173 554

Taluka: Kadi

21 Varkhadia 190 195 5 138 528

22 Fattehpura 34 64 0 27 125

23 Jamiyatpura 65 56 0 35 156

24 Jesangpura 159 83 6 45 293

25 Ishvarpura 43 23 0 87 153

26 Palli 150 215 2 184 551

27 Kalyanpura 259 390 37 605 1291

28 Valavadi 34 42 0 121 197

29 Della 204 251 1 44 500

30 Panthoda 225 241 1 59 526

31 Nadan 68 202 6 41 317

TOTAL 6227 9029 196 5912 21364

Source: Data on primary census abstract based on information collected during

2001 census in India.

Sr. No. Description % Distribution

1 Cultivators 29.15

2 Agricultural Labours 42.26

3 Household Industry 0.92

4 Other Services 27.67



Figure 3.5: Percentage Distribution – Main Workers

Table 3.16 Economic Structure – Marginal Workers

Sr. No

Name of Villages

Distribution of Marginal Workers in Study Area Total No of

Marginal Workers

Cultivators Agricultural

Laborer Household

Industry Other

Services

Taluka: Viramgam

1 Kadipur 0 48 0 2 50

2 Melaj 97 142 0 3 242

3 Sarsavdi 3 173 1 21 198

4 Valana 121 134 2 19 276

5 Moti Kumad 1 47 0 74 122

6 Memadpura 9 31 3 24 67

7 Rangpur 4 78 0 3 85

8 Nani Kumad 2 162 0 47 211

9 Sokali 6 23 4 9 42


14 340 61 104 519

11 Karkathal 6 667 1 18 692

12 Jakhwada 10 409 37 39 495

13 Sachana 22 128 15 143 308

14 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 0 52 2 2 56

15 Ogan 38 306 52 568 964



Sr. No

Name of Villages

Distribution of Marginal Workers in Study Area Total No of

Marginal Workers

Cultivators Agricultural

Laborer Household

Industry Other

Services

Taluka: Sanand

16 Virochannagar 364 538 2 28 932

17 Dodar 18 151 13 3 185

18 Chharodi 1 40 2 2 45

19 Khoraj 66 557 6 18 647

20 Kalana 2 35 0 0 37

Taluka: Kadi

21 Varkhadia 75 432 1 59 567

22 Fattehpura 4 36 0 2 42

23 Jamiyatpura 5 32 0 0 37

24 Jesangpura 153 112 5 5 275

25 Ishvarpura 4 1 0 9 14

26 Palli 29 61 0 22 112

27 Kalyanpura 25 108 19 112 264

28 Valavadi 4 306 3 25 338

29 Della 0 0 0 0 0

30 Panthoda 17 176 0 25 218

31 Nadan 30 133 2 12 177

TOTAL 1130 5458 231 1398 8217


1 Cultivators 13.75

2 Agricultural Labours 66.42

3 Household Industry 2.81

4 Other Services 17.01





Figure 3.6: Percentage Distribution – Marginal Workers

Table 3.17 Economic Structure – Total Workers

Name of Villages Total No of

Main Workers Total No of Marginal Workers

Total No of Non Workers

Taluka: Viramgam

Kadipur 56 50 85

Melaj 528 242 639

Sarsavdi 370 198 637

Valana 464 276 614

Moti Kumad 533 122 831

Memadpura 825 67 745

Rangpur 345 85 215

Nani Kumad 234 211 322

Sokali 836 42 1280

Hansalpur Sereshvar 1672 519 2719

Karkathal 1472 692 2418

Jakhwada 1108 495 1829

Sachana 1216 308 2092

Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 435 56 441

Ogan 1244 964 1622

Taluka: Sanand

Virochannagar 1995 932 3128



Name of Villages Total No of

Main Workers Total No of Marginal Workers

Total No of Non Workers

Dodar 828 185 1034

Chharodi 1111 45 1020

Khoraj 901 647 1895

Kalana 554 37 1112

Taluka: Kadi

Varkhadia 528 567 796

Fattehpura 125 42 187

Jamiyatpura 156 37 252

Jesangpura 293 275 412

Ishvarpura 153 14 97

Palli 551 112 484

Kalyanpura 1291 264 2180

Valavadi 197 338 472

Della 500 0 464

Panthoda 526 218 1016

Nadan 317 177 785

TOTAL 21364 8217 31823


1 Main Workers 34.79

2 Marginal Workers 13.38

3 Non Workers 51.83





Figure 3.7: Percentage Distribution – Total Workers

3.8.2. Demographic Structure The demographic structure of villages of the study area has been shown in the below

table.

Table 3.18 Demographic Structure

Sr. No.

Name of Villages Total No. of Households

Total No. of Population

Taluka : Viramgam 1 Kadipur 41 191

2 Melaj 261 1409

3 Sarsavdi 266 1205

4 Valana 291 1354

5 Moti Kumad 282 1486

6 Memadpura 398 1637

7 Rangpur 171 645

8 Nani Kumad 137 767

9 Sokali 409 2158

10 Hansalpur Sereshvar 972 4910

11 Karkathal 928 4582

12 Jakhwada 718 3432



Sr. No.

Name of Villages Total No. of Households

Total No. of Population

13 Sachana 703 3616

14 Kalyanpur (Shiyal) 191 932

15 Ogan 775 3830

Taluka : Sanand

16 Virochannagar 1169 6055

17 Dodar 404 2047

18 Chharodi 441 2176

19 Khoraj 706 3443

20 Kalana 353 1703

Taluka : Kadi

21 Varkhadia 350 1891

22 Fattehpura 63 354

23 Jamiyatpura 88 445

24 Jesangpura 233 980

25 Ishvarpura 59 264

26 Palli 236 1147

27 Kalyanpura 845 3735

28 Valavadi 195 1007

29 Della 178 964

30 Panthoda 326 1760

31 Nadan 230 1279

TOTAL 12419 61404 Source: District Census Handbook - Ahmedabad

District Census Handbook - Mahesana 3.8.3. Availabilities of Basic Amenities Basic amenities available at village within the study area have been described in Table

3.19 A and Villages according to amenities and abbreviations have been described in

Table 3.19 B.



Table No. 3.19 A

Availability of basic amenities in the villages of Study Area

Loc. Code

Name of the Village

Available Basic Amenities

Education Medical Drinking Water

Post & Telegraph Communication Approach

to village Nearest Town & Distance (Kms)

Power Supply

Taluka: Viramgam

111 Kadipur P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(5-10)

T W TK

PO PH(5-10)

BS RS(10+)

MR FP

Viramgam(15) EA

112 Melaj P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(5-10)

T HP TW

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR

Viramgam(14) EA

113 Sarsavdi P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(5-10)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR FP

Viramgam(13) EA

123 Valana P C(5-10)

CHW H(5-10)

MCW(5-10) PHC(5-10)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(5-10)

PR Viramgam(6) EA

124 Moti Kumad P C(5-10)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T W TK

- PO(<5) PH(<5)

BS RS(5-10)

PR Viramgam(9) EA

125 Memadpura P S

C(10+)

RMP CHW

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR

Viramgam(13) EA



Loc. Code

Name of the Village





Power Supply

126 Rangpur P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T HP TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR

Viramgam(12) EA

127 Nani Kumad P C(5-10)

CHW H(5-10)

MCW(5-10) PHC(5-10)

TW W TK

- PO(<5)

PH(5-10)

BS RS(5-10)

PR MR

Viramgam(9) EA

128 Sokali P(2) C(5-10)

PHS CHW

H(5-10) MCW(5-10)

PHC(<5)

T TW W TK

PO PH(10)

BS RS(5-10)

PR Viramgam(8) EA


P(3) C(5-10)

CWC(4) PHS RMP CHW

H(5-10) MCW(5-10)

PHC(<5)

T TW W TK

PO PH(4)

BS RS(5-10)

PR Viramgam(5) EA

132 Karkathal P S

PUC C(5-10)

D(2) PHC PHS FWC SMP CHW

H(5-10) MCW(5-10)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(5-10)

PR

Viramgam(9) EA

133 Jakhwada P(4) PHS T PO BS PR Viramgam(11) EA



Loc. Code

Name of the Village





Power Supply

C(10+) CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(<5)

TW W TK

PH(10+) RS

134 Sachana P(2) C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR Viramgam(14) EA

135 Kalyanpur

(Shiyal)

P C(10+)

RMP CHW

H(10+) MCW(10+)

PHC(<5)

T TW W TK

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

PR Viramgam(14) EA

136 Ogan P(2) C(10+)

D PHS RMP CHW

H(10+) MCW(10+)

PHC(<5)

T TW W TK

PO PH(20)

BS RS(5-10)

PR Viramgam(20) EA

Taluka: Sanand

160 Virochan-

nagar

P(3) S

C(10+)

PHS FWC

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW W TK

PO PTO

PH(4)

BS RS

PR Sanand(23) EA

161 Dodar P C(10+)

- H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW W TK

PO PH(2)

BS RS(<5)

PR MR FP

Sanand(20) EA



Loc. Code

Name of the Village





Power Supply

173 Chharodi P C(10+)

PHS H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T HP TW W TK

PO PH(8)

BS RS

PR Sanand(14) ED EAG

174 Khoraj P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW

PO PH(19)

BS RS(10+)

PR MR

Sanand(21) EA

177 Kalana P C(10+)

CHW(2) H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

T TW W TK

PO PH(5)

BS RS(10+)

PR Sanand(17) EA

Taluka: Kadi

297 Varkhadia P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(5-10) PHC(5-10)

T TW W

PO PH(<5)

BS RS(10+)

PR Kadi(25) EA

298 Fattehpura P C(10+)

- H(10+)

MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

T W

PH PO(<5)

BS RS(10+)

PR Kadi(23) EA

299 Jamiyatpura P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(5-10)

T TW

- PO(<5) PH(<5)

BS RS(10+)

PR Kadi(24) EA

308 Jesangpura P C(10+)

CWC PHS FWC CHW

T TW

PO PH(10)

BS RS(5-10)

PR MR FP

Kadi(26) EA



Loc. Code

Name of the Village





Power Supply

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

309 Ishvarpura P C(10+)

- H(10+)

MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

T W

- PO(<5) PH(<5)

BS RS(10+)

MR Kadi(23) EA

310 Palli P C(10+)

RMP H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(<5)

T TW W TK

PH(3) PO(<5)

BS RS(<5)

PR Viramgam(16) EA

311 Kalyanpura P S

C(10+)

D MCW PHC PHS FWC

RMP(2) CHW

H(10+)

T TW

PO PH(87)

BS RS(10+)

PR Viramgam(11) EA

312 Valavadi P C(10+)

- H(10+)

MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

TW W TK

PH PO(<5)

BS RS(10+)

MR Viramgam(17) EA

313 Della P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(<5)

TW TK

- PO(<5) PH(<5)

BS RS(5-10)

PR Kadi(27) EA

314 Panthoda P C(10+)

- H(10+)

MCW(10+)

T TW

PO PH(<5)

BS RS(10+)

PR Kadi(30) EA



Loc. Code

Name of the Village





Power Supply

PHC(5-10) 315 Nadan P

S C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(5-10)

T TW

PH PO(10+)

BS RS(10+)

PR Sanand(17) EA



Table 3.19 B Villages according to Amenities and Abbreviations

Sr. No.

Description Abbreviations No. of Villages having one or

more of the following amenities EDUCATIONAL

1 Primary School P 31

2 Higher Secondary School S 5

3 Senior Secondary School PUC 1

4 College C 31

5 Industrial School I --

6 Training School Tr --

7 Adult Literacy Class/Centre AC --

8 Other Educational Institution O --

MEDICAL 1 Allopathic Hospital H 31

2 Ayurvedic Hospital HA --

3 Allopathic Dispensary D 3

4 Ayurvedic Dispensary DA --

5 Maternity & Child Welfare MCW 31

6 Maternity Home MH --

7 Child Welfare Centre CWC 2

8 Health Centre HC --

9 Primary Health Centre PHC 31

10 Primary Health Sub Centre PHS 9

11 Family Welfare Centre FWC 4

12 Registered Private Medial Practitioner

RMP 6

13 Community Health Workers CHW 23

14 Subsidised Medical Practitioner SMP 1

15 Others O --

Drinking Water 1 Tap Water T 29

2 Well Water W 23

3 Tank Water TK 21



Sr. No.

Description Abbreviations No. of Villages having one or

more of the following amenities 4 Tube well Water TW 27

5 Hand Pump HP 3

6 River Water R --

7 Canal Water C --

8 Lake L --

9 Spring S --

10 Other Drinking Water Sources O --

POST, TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE 1 Post Office PO 31

2 Telegraph Office TO --

3 Post & Telegraph Office PTO 1

4 Telephone Connection PH 31

COMMUNICATION 1 Bus Station BS 31

2 Railway Station RS 31

3 Navigable Waterway NW --

APPROACH TO VILLAGE 1 Paved Road PR 28

2 Mud Road MR 7

3 Foot Path FP 4

4 Navigable River NR --

5 Navigable Canal NC --

6 Navigable Waterways other than River, Canal

NW --

POWER SUPPLY 1 Electricity for all purposes EA 30

2 Electricity for domestic use ED 1

3 Electricity for agricultural use EAG 1

4 Electricity for other purposes EO --

Source: District Census Handbook for Ahmedabad – 2001

District Census Handbook for Mahesana – 2001



Figure 3.8 Basic Amenities Graph



CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 44 IIMMPPAACCTT

AASSSSEESSSSMMEENNTT

REIA Study & Report for 16 MW (2 X 8 MW) Coal / Lignite Based CP


CHAPTER – 4

IMPACT ASSESSMENT 44..11 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN Generally the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary

or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by

the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and

typically include the associated investment and changed patterns of social

and economic activities by the proposed action. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an attempt to identify, predict,

evaluate and communicate the environmental impacts of the proposed

project activity. Environmental impacts could be positive or negative, direct

or indirect, local or regional and also reversible or irreversible.

44..22 IIMMPPAACCTT IIDDEENNTTIIFFIICCAATTIIOONN Identification of significant environmental impact is an essential and

preliminary part in the preparation of an EIA report. An activity of the

proposed project may affect any of the natural body i.e. air, water, land

etc. For simplicity such activities may be divided in to two phases,

construction phase & operation phase. Various activities (cause) of the

stated two phases and consequence of the activities (effect) are identified

and depicted as "cause-effect" relationship in Table 4.1 and Table 4.2.

Table 4.1 Prediction of Impacts (“Cause-Effect” Relationship) during Construction Phase

Parameter Activity Air Water Noise Soil Flora Fauna Socio

Economic Health

& Safety Site cleaning √ - √ √ √ √ - √ Excavation √ - √ √ √ √ - √ Construction √ √ √ √ √ √ - √ Installation of equipments √ - √ - - - - √

Transportation √ - √ √ √ √ - √ Material handling √ - - - - - - √ Employment - - - - - - √ √ Greenbelt development √ √ √ √ √ √ - √



Table 4.2 Prediction of Impacts (“Cause-Effect” Relationship) during Operation Phase

Parameter Activity Air Water Noise Soil Flora Fauna Socio

Economic Health

& Safety Raw material storage & handling √ - √ - - - - √

Production √ - √ - - - - √ Product storage & handling - - √ - - - - √

Transportation √ - √ √ √ √ - √ Gaseous emission √ - √ √ √ √ - √ Solid waste generation - √ - √ - - - √

Employment - - - - - - √ √ Infrastructure development - - - - - - - √

Greenbelt development √ √ √ √ √ √ - √

44..33 IIMMPPAACCTT EEVVAALLUUAATTIIOONN

Prediction of environmental impacts is the most important component in the

impact assessment study as it provides quantitative information related to

projection of impacts from the proposed project based on the estimated

pollution loads prior to its construction and operation. Several

mathematical/statistical techniques and methodologies are available for

predicting impacts due to proposed project on physico-chemical,

ecological and socio economic components of environment. The results

obtained from the predictions will be superimposed over the baseline status

of environmental quality to derive the ultimate scenario of environmental

quality status in the impact zone around the proposed site. The quantitative

impacts derived from predictions are also essential to delineate pragmatic

environmental management plan, especially pollution mitigation measures

for implementation in detailed engineering stage and thus during

construction and operation phases of proposed project for minimizing the

adverse impacts on the surrounding environment.

The impact of proposed coal/lignite based captive power plant is analyzed

and predicted. The baseline data is collected for various components of the

environment viz. air, water, noise, soil, ecology and socio economic and the

possible impacts on these components are identified & predicted.



44..44 IIMMPPAACCTT AASSSSEESSSSMMEENNTT This section is devoted to the assessment of impacts due to the proposed 16

MW (2 x 8 MW) coal/lignite based power plant, which are the most

important components of EIA. Assessment involves determination of nature and extent of impacts due to

the industrial activities or the actions involved. Here it is determined

whether the environmental impacts will be:

1. Positive or Negative impact

2. Short term or Long term impact Based on environmental impact analysis, the environmental impacts under

this step are quantitatively and qualitatively assessed. (Please refer Table 4.3

and Table 4.4) Quantitative assessment with the help of a mathematical model has been

done wherever possible. In other cases, the impact assessment has been

qualitative which is based on available scientific knowledge and judgment.

The mathematical model used for assessment in the present study includes

“Industrial Source Complex Short Term” Dispersion Model for air quality. For

other cases i.e. water, noise, land/soil, etc. the available scientific

knowledge and judgments have been used.

Table 4.3 Assessment of Predicted Impacts during Construction Phase

Parameter Activity

Air Water Noise Soil Flora Fauna Socio

Economic Health

& Safety Site cleaning (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T Excavation (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T Construction (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T Installation of equipments

(-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T - - - - (-ve) S.T

Transportation (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T Material handling

(-ve) S.T - - - - - - (-ve) S.T

Employment - - - - - - (+ve) L.T (+ve) L.T Greenbelt development

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

- (+ve) L.T

(-ve): Negative (+ve): Positive S.T: Short Term L.T: Long Term



Table 4.4 Assessment of Predicted Impacts during Operation Phase

Parameter Activity

Air Water Noise Soil Flora Fauna Socio

Economic Health

& Safety Raw material storage & handling

(-ve) L.T - - - - - - (-ve) L.T

Production (-ve) S.T (-ve) L.T (-ve) L.T - - - - (-ve) L.T Product storage & handling

- - - - - - - (-ve) L.T

Transportation (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T (-ve) S.T - (-ve) S.T Gaseous Emission

(-ve) S.T - - (-ve) L.T (-ve) L.T (-ve) L.T - (-ve) L.T

Solid waste generation

- - - (-ve) L.T - - - (-ve) S.T

Employment - - - - - - (+ve) L.T - Infrastructure development

- - - - - - (+ve) L.T (+ve) L.T

Greenbelt development

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

(+ve) L.T

- (+ve) L.T

(-ve): Negative (+ve): Positive S.T: Short Term L.T: Long Term

44..55 AAIIRR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Air emissions have no boundaries and can migrate from one place to

another depending upon the wind direction and wind speed. The impact

has been predicted separately for construction phase and operational

phase of the proposed power plant.

Construction Phase

The impact due to construction activities will be l imited to the period of

construction i.e. short-term impacts only. The air quality will be marginally

affected by the activities l ike excavation, civil construction, transportation &

handling of construction materials and installation of equipments. The main

problem anticipated will increase in SPM level due to dust contamination.

It may be noted that the causes of Suspended Particulate Matter in

ambient air may be due to:

1. Loose topsoil.

2. Local meteorological conditions at the site.



Because of vehicular traffic there may be marginal increase in

concentration of NOx and CO. Regular sprinkl ing of water is proposed

during construction activities for the suppression of dust. The approach

roads and vehicles will be kept in good condition to minimize automobile

exhaust.

The impact will be confined within the project premises and is expected to

be negligible outside the plant premises. Proper upkeep and maintenance

of vehicles, sprinkl ing of water during this phase, providing sufficient

vegetation etc. are some of the measures that would greatly reduce the

impacts during the construction phase.

Operational Phase

The operational activities are usually expected to have long-term impacts

on air quality. The major source of air pollution due to proposed CPP will be flue gas

emissions from the steam boiler. The significant pollutants identified due to

flue gas emissions are PM, SO2 and NOx. The fugitive emissions of particulate matter will l ikely to arise during various

stages of operations such as material unloading, material transfer and

storage. The significant pollutant identified is PM. The concentrations of pollutants at the ground levels have been computed

using computer simulation model to assess the impact of emissions for the

proposed project. Air Dispersion Model Used

Air dispersion modeling can be used to predict atmospheric concentrations

of pollutants at specific locations (receptors) over specific averaging times

(i.e. annual, daily and hourly). An atmospheric dispersion model accounts

for the emissions from a source; estimates how high into the atmosphere

they will go, how widely they will spread and how far they will travel based

on temporal meteorological data; and outputs the pattern of

concentrations that will occur for various exposure periods, thereby

providing the exposure risks for different receptors.



A mathematical model namely “Industrial Source Complex Short Term

(ISCST-3) Dispersion Model”, developed by the Environment Protection

Agency (EPA) was used to predict and calculate ground level

concentration (GLCs) of the contaminants emitted during operational

phase. This is based essentially, on the original Gaussian Plume Model

equation but is defined in terms related to atmospheric phenomenon.

Brief description of dispersion model used is given in the Annexure 4.1. Data

used for the evaluation of the ground level concentration for the proposed

stack is given in Table 4.5. The results of GLCs due to the proposed flue gas

stack are given in the Annexure 4.2.

When the above stated GLCs results are added into the 98% percentile

concentration of ambient air parameters, it gives overall AAQ of the

surrounding study area. Air quality contours for the various pollutants are

given in the Annexure 4.3.

Table 4.5 Data used for the evaluation of the ground level concentration

Stack attached

to

Stack height

from GL (m.)

Stack diameter

at top (m.)

Type of fuel & qty.

(MT/day)

Exit gas

temp. (0C)

Velocity (m/sec)

Expected Pollutant

Emission rate

(gm/sec)

AFBC

Boiler 79 2.54

Coal/

Lignite &

290 / 520

145 18

SPM: 100 mg/Nm3 9.116

SO2: 100 ppm

(261.54 mg/Nm3) 23.838

NOx: 50 ppm

(93.99 mg/Nm3) 8.568

Note: There will be no process emission. Assessment of Impact on Ambient Air Quality Baseline AAQ data indicates that average concentration of ambient air

quality parameters such as PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and NOx in the surrounding area

are well within the permissible l imits as per National Ambient Air Quality

(NAAQ) standards for respective residential rural areas and industrial areas.

The unit will provide Electrostatic Precipitators to the boilers as air pollution

control measures to control the emission of particulate matter & the flue gas



emission will remain well within gaseous emission norms prescribed by the

GPCB/CPCB. Adequate height will be provided to boiler stack for the

proper dispersion of pollutant as per CPCB guidelines. Unit will adopt free

water sprinkl ing method in storage yard to suppress dust generation and

tarpaulin of jute covering will be used wherever required to prevent the dust

spreading into atmosphere. The company will store and transport hazardous

chemicals in closed containers to reduce the fugitive emissions.

Results of ISCST model indicate that even after the proposed project comes

in existence, the ambient air quality in and around the project site will be

within the permissible l imit except PM10 i.e. already higher in ambient air.

However there would be no or marginal adverse impact on the air

environment due to the proposed power plant.

44..66 WWAATTEERR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT CCoonnssttrruuccttiioonn PPhhaassee

During construction activities at site, water will be required for

construction purposes and also for domestic consumption by the

construction personnel.

Ground water from own bore well will be util ized for the construction

phase.

The construction in Thermal Power Plant will be more related to

mechanical fabrication, assembly and erection; hence the water

requirements would be small.

The wastewater generating will be only from the domestic activities,

which will be treated along with industrial effluent in the existing Effluent

Treatment Plant.

Since, most of the construction workforce will constitute of locals, the

impact on water and sanitation facil ities will be minimal.

OOppeerraattiioonnaall PPhhaassee

With respect to water environment; three aspects are generally considered

for the project i.e. availabil ity and consumption of fresh water, wastewater

generation and its disposal.



44..66..11 WWaatteerr RReeqquuiirreemmeenntt The total water requirement for the proposed CPP will be @ 1305 KL/day

including domestic and industrial. From this said quantity of fresh water 5

m3/day will be used for domestic purpose and 1300 m3/day will be used for

industrial activities. The water requirement will be satisfied through ground

water source. The unit has already obtained permission from CGWA, New

Delhi for the abstraction of ground water from existing bore well. The water

required for the boiler shall be demineralized; hence the water treatment

plant shall be installed. Hence, there will be no impact on ground water or surface water due to

water consumption of proposed project. 44..66..22 WWaasstteewwaatteerr GGeenneerraattiioonn The total industrial effluent generation from proposed CPP will be @ 200

KL/day, which will be from the water treatment facil ity, boiler blow down

and cooling tower purge. The entire waste water will be treated in existing

effluent treatment plant comprising of primary, secondary & tertiary

treatment facil ities (some modifications will be made to cater the additional

effluent quantity).

The total generation of domestic effluent will be @ 4 KL/day from the

proposed power plant. 44..66..33 DDiissppoossaall ooff EEffff lluueenntt The treated wastewater from ETP will be reused for the gardening/

plantation / dust suppression purposes after confirming GPCB norms within

the plant premises. Domestic wastewater generated from the proposed CPP will be treated

along with industrial effluent in the existing Effluent Treatment Plant. Thus, wastewater management system proposed by the unit will be

adequate. There will not be any significant impact on ground water

environment and surface water environment due to effluent disposal from

proposed project activities.



44..77 LLAANNDD EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Construction Phase Any construction activity brings significant change to the site topsoil.

Excavation and construction material waste disposal is l ikely to affect land.

However, such solid wastes are inert in nature and will be col lected and

util ized in fill ing of low lying areas within the premises of proposed plant and

road construction at the site. Thus, the adverse impacts are restricted to the proposed project site and to

some extent it’s surroundings. Operational Phase

During operation activity the impact of air, water and solid waste pollution

on soil causes direct / indirect effect on soil. As all necessary air pollution control steps will be provided and based on

the results of the dispersion model for the ground level concentrations of

various pollutants after the commissioning of the proposed project, there

will not be any adverse impact on soil. It may be noted that there will be no disposal of untreated effluent on land.

Treated effluent, after achieving GPCB norms, will be used for

gardening/plantation/dust suppression. So there will be no adverse effect

on land / soil due to water. All necessary control steps will be provided for handling, storage and

disposal of solid waste generated from the plant. Thus, there will not be any

significant impact of solid waste on the soil environment.

44..88 NNOOIISSEE EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT

Construction Phase

There will be slightly increase in noise level during construction phase due to

civil construction, erection and installation of machinery and movement of

vehicles. Most of the construction activities are expected to produce noise

levels of about 85 dB(A). However it is restricted to construction phase only

and it occurs during daytime where construction activities are in progress.



Operational Phase

During operational phase the impact on noise environment will be due to

boiler, turbine and transportation activities (transportation of imported coal,

l ignite and fly ash).

The occasional noise will be attenuated by the development of green bel t

within the industry, which will be taken up right from the construction phase.

Also earprotecting devices will be provided for personnel working in high

noise generating zone. Base l ine data given in the Table 3.10 of chapter- 3 indicates that ambient

noise levels in the study area are within the permissible l imit; except for two

to three places it is sl ightly exceeding than of the National Ambient Noise

Quality Standards. Thus, the adverse impacts are restricted to the project construction site and

to some extent it’s immediate surroundings. Thus it seems that there may be

practically no increase in the background noise level.

44..99 EECCOOLLOOGGYY Construction Phase Any construction activities bring change in some components of the local

terrestrial ecosystem. However, these adverse impacts will be restricted to

the proposed project construction site and to some extent it‘s immediate

vicinity. Operational Phase Impacts on terrestrial ecosystem due to the operation of plant occur mainly

from air emissions. Air pollutants can interfere with the biotic and abiotic

components of the ecosystem and may include injurious effects when

concentrations exceed permissible limits. As all the necessary air pollution

control measures will be provided for the proposed project, there will not be

any adverse impact of air pollution on the surrounding ecology. It may be noted that a large green belt area within the premises will be

developed which help in inviting small birds & animals and other creatures

to proliferate.



Thus, the proposed project will not have any adverse impact on the

ecology.

44..1100 SSOOCCIIOO –– EECCOONNOOMMIICC EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT The proposed CPP will generate permanent employment and secondary

jobs. This will increase the direct/indirect employment opportunities to some

extent.

Local people will be given preference wherever found suitable for all the

jobs in the plant, direct as well as indirect. Economic status of the local

people will improve due to the increased business opportunities, thereby,

making a positive impact. Educational, medical and housing facil ities in the

study area will considerably improve. Thus, the proposed project will have

significant positive impact on the employment pattern of the study area.

44..1111 HHEEAALLTTHH && SSAAFFEETTYY Construction Phase Health problems are also l ikely to be experienced in the area as a result of

immigrant labour being careless about personal hygiene and also mosquito

and fly-borne infections usually prevalent in the rural areas. Such problems

will be minimized by provision of adequate sanitary and health services.

Operational Phase Impacts on health & safety could be due to the operation of proposed

project activities l ike processing, storage and transport facil ities & gaseous

emissions. However, the proponents of the proposed project will incorporate all the

necessary safety aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant

as per international practices. These safety aspects would be adequate for

the proposed project. Hence the impact on this account will be mitigated

to the safe level. Pre-employment and periodical medical examinations will be carried out to

assess the health status of the workers and medical records for the same will

be maintained for each employee. A qualified Doctor, as per Factory Act



will be appointed and required medicines, antidotes and first-aid box will be

procured under the guidance of appointed Doctor as per guidelines of

Factory Act.

For the safety of workers, personal protective appliances l ike hand gloves,

helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons, nose masks and ear protecting

devices will be provided which meet (BIS) Bureau of Indian Standards. Thus,

no significant impact on health and safety will be occurred due to the

proposed project.

44..1122 FFOORREESSTT//NNAATTIIOONNAALL PPAARRKK//SSAANNCCTTUUAARRYY//HHIISSTTOORRIICCAALL PPLLAACCEE There is no Forest / National Parks / Sanctuaries / Historical Places within 10

km radius from the project site.

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 55 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT

PPLLAANN



CHAPTER – 5

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 55..11 IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN Any industrial development is associated with certain positive impacts as

well as some negative impacts on the environment. However, the negative

or adverse impacts can not possibly rule out scientific development. At the

same time adverse impacts cannot be neglected. An environmental management plan has been formulated for mitigation of

the adverse impacts and is based on the present environmental conditions

and the environmental impact appraisal. This plan helps in formulation,

implementation and monitoring of the environmental parameters during

and after commissioning of the project. The Environmental Management Plan describes in brief, the management's

plan for proper and adequate implementation of treatment and control

system for air and l iquid pollutants and for maintaining the environment. It

also includes development of Green Belt around the plant, proper safety of

the workers, noise control, fire protection system and measures.

55..22 OOBBJJEECCTTIIVVEESS OOFF EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT PPLLAANN The main objectives in formulating this environmental management plan for

all the environmental attributes are as under: To treat all the pollutants viz. l iquid, gaseous and hazardous wastes that

contributes to the degradation of the environment with appropriate

technology.

To dispose solid/hazardous wastes in the TSDF site.

To comply with all the regulations stipulated by the Central /State

Pollution Control Boards related to air emissions and l iquid effluents

discharges as per air and water pollution control laws.

To handle hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous waste (Management,

Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 and Amendment Rules

2010, as may be applicable.



To encourage, support and conduct developmental work for the

purpose of achieving environmental standards and to improve the

methods of environmental management.

To develop and maintain the greenbelt area.

To create good working conditions (avoidance of air and noise pollution)

for the employees.

To provide fire fighting facil ities and disaster management set-up.

To reduce fire and accident hazards.

Perspective budgeting and allocation of funds for environment

management expenditure.

Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for a

cleaner and better environment.

55..33 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT CCEELLLL A separate Environmental Management Cell as shown in Figure 5.1 will be

set-up to undertake the monitoring of the environmental pollution level by

measuring stack emissions, ambient air quality, waste water quality, noise

level etc. & development of greenbelt as per Environmental Management

Plan. Environmental Management Cell will meet at least once a month to assess

the progress and analyze the data collected for the month. Any

deviation/variation noticed shall be immediately taken into consideration

for improvement of the same. Yearly action plan of EMP will be updated

with respect to results achieved and proposed activities for next year.

M/s. Nirma Limited will carry out the monitoring to ensure that the pollution is

l imited to allowable values and to take corrective action by either providing

new equipment or by improving the performance of the existing pollution

control equipment. In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to

exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell suggests

remedial action and gets these suggestions implemented through the

concerned plant authorities. The actual operation and maintenance of

pollution control equipment of each unit is under the respective plant

managers.



The Environmental Management Cell will also co-ordinate with related

activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population

of the region and green belt development.

FFIIGGUURREE –– 55..11:: EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL MMAANNAAGGEEMMEENNTT CCEELLLL

55..44 FFIIRREE && SSAAFFEETTYY Adequate numbers of fire fighting equipments and fire extinguishers will be

installed as fire protection equipment as per requirement of the fire risk in all

plants/ sections/ departments of the proposed plant.

Good housekeeping, proper and adequate ventilation and l ighting will be

arranged for better workplace area as per guidelines of Factory Act.

Personal Protective Equipments l ike helmet, goggles, hand gloves, safety

shoes, nose masks and ear protecting devices l ike ear plugs/ear muffs will

be provided to all the workers.

55..55 PPOOLLLLUUTTIIOONN CCOONNTTRROOLL AARRRRAANNGGEEMMEENNTTSS//MMIITTIIGGAATTIIVVEE MMEEAASSUURREESS From construction and operation activities, environmental impacts have

been identified, predicted and evaluated to mitigate the standards

specified by the statutory authority and to minimize the adverse impacts.

Pollution control arrangements/mitigative measures for different

types/sources of pollution are presented in the Table 5.1.

DIRECTOR

GENERAL MANAGER

EHS MANAGER PRODUCTION MANAGER

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMIST SHIFT IN-CHARGE SAFETY OFFICER



Table 5.1 Pollution Control Arrangements/Mitigative Measures

Sr. No. Types of Impact Control arrangements/Mitigative measure

1. Air Environment 1) Fugitive emissions

The following measures will be taken to reduce the fugitive emissions: All loading and unloading operations will

be provided enclosures. All transfer points will be fully enclosed. Airborne dust will be controlled through

sprinkling. Further, the emission will confirm to the

standards prescribed by the concerned authorities such as CPCB/GPCB from time to time.

All precautionary methods will be adopted by the company to reduce the risk of exposure of hazards to employees. Pre-employment and periodical medical examination will be carried out to assess the health status of workers.

For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons etc. will be provided. Nose mask will be provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation. Proper ventilation system will be provided in the process area.

2) Evaporation loss from storage tanks

All the storage tanks will be provided with proper dip arrangements for exhausts/vents and breather valve.

3) Loading & unloading of materials

Loading and unloading of materials from tankers may lead to fugitive emissions. To avoid the same, the materials transfer will be done through fixed piping connections.

2. Water Environment 1) Domestic wastewater Domestic wastewater generated from the

proposed CPP will be treated along with industrial effluent in the existing Effluent Treatment Plant.

2) Industrial wastewater Industrial waste water generated from the proposed power plant will be treated in



existing effluent treatment plant comprising of primary, secondary & tertiary treatment facilities (some modifications will be made to cater the additional effluent quantity). The treated wastewater from ETP will be utilized in the gardening / plantation / dust suppression within the plant premises.

3. Noise Environment Construction as well

as Operation phase

The following measures will be taken to reduce the noise level to acceptable limits: All the vibrating parts will be checked

periodically and serviced to reduce the noise generation.

Sound producing equipments will be enclosed in the sound proofing enclosure to give residual sound pressure level of 75 dB (A).

To minimize the adverse effects on health suitable ear protecting devices will be provided for working personnel.

To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the vehicle will be kept periodically serviced and maintained as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry.

The vehicles having PUCs and spark arrestors will only allowed for the transportation.

Sources of high noise level such as boiler, D.G. set etc. will be provided adequate sound enclosures.

Approx. 17,145.54 m2 of green belt will be developed within existing premises for the proposed power plant. This will help noise abatement.

4. Solid Waste

Construction phase

During construction phase major solid waste generation will be construction waste. The construction waste will be utilized for leveling and road construction in plant premises. Used Oil generated from construction machinery will be collected, stored separately and reuse /sell to authorized recyclers.



Operation phase

Sludge generated from effluent treatment plant will be collected and disposed off to the TSDF site.

Resins from DM plant will be collected and disposed off to the TSDF site.

Discarded HDPE bags will be sent back to the limestone supplier for reuse for supply of limestone.

Discarded drums will be ultimately sold to authorized recyclers

Lead acid batteries will be sold to authorised agency through auction

Lubricating oil will be collected in drums and reused for lubrication of some small parts of machinery and leftover quantity will be sell to MoEF/CPCB registered recyclers only.

55..66 MMOONNIITTOORRIINNGG OOFF EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Regular monitoring of environmental parameters l ike air, water, noise, soil &

meteorological data and safety measures in the plant are vital for proper

environmental management of any industry. Environmental Monitoring Program to be adopted by M/s. Nirma Limited

(Healthcare Division) is given in Table 5.2.

Table 5.2 Monitoring Schedules

Sr. No.

Particulars Parameters Frequency Analysis & record

keeping 1 Ambient air

quality within premises

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx

Monthly GPCB approved agency will carry out monitoring & data analysis as accordance with the Environment Clearance.

2 Ambient air quality outside

premises

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx

Once in every

season 3 Stack

Monitoring SPM, SO2, NOX Monthly

4 Meteorological Wind velocity, wind direction, temperature,

relative humidity

-- Monitored as required by statutory authority



5 Waste water quality

pH, Color, Temperature, SS,

Oil & Grease, BOD, COD, TDS

Monthly GPCB approved agency will carry out monitoring & data analysis as accordance with the Environment Clearance.

Daily Industry 6 Hazardous

Waste pH, organic

matter, moisture content, chloride, sulphate

Monthly GPCB approved agency will carry out monitoring & data analysis as accordance with the Environment Clearance. Monthly records of each type of hazardous waste generation, collection, storage & disposal will be maintained as per the HW (MH&TM) Rules, 2008.

7 Ambient Noise Environment

-- Once in every

season

GPCB approved agency will carry out monitoring & data analysis as accordance with the Environment Clearance.

8 Work Zone Noise

environment

-- Once in every

season

55..77 GGRREEEENNBBEELLTT DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures, which controls

the air pollution. It also causes aesthetic and climatologically improvements

of an area as well as sustains and supports the biosphere. It is a well-established fact that trees and vegetation act as a vast natural

sink for gaseous and particulate air pollutants due to enormous surface area

of leaves. Plantation around air pollution sources control air pollution by

filtering particulate matter and interacting with gaseous pollutants before it



reaches the earth. Trees also act as buffers and absorbers for accidental

release of pollutants. The development of green belt is an important aspect for any plant

because:

It acts as a 'Heat Sink'.

It improves the ambient air quality by controlling suspended particulate

matter (SPM) in air.

It helps in noise abatement for the surrounding area.

It helps in settlement of new birds and insects within itself.

It maintains the ecological balance.

It increases the aesthetic value of site. It may be noted that greenbelt will be developed based on the following

principles:

Plants that grow fast

Preference for high canopy cover plants

Perennial and evergreen plants will be preferred

Plants which have a high Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI)

Industry will develop a green belt area of 17,145.54 sq. m. (74.5% of total

plot area) consisting approximately 1500 nos. of trees within and around the

premises.

Name of tress to be preferred for plantation: Ashoka, Amaltas, Neem,

Garmalo, Pipal, Banyan, Gulmahor, Badam, Babul, etc.

Table 5.3 Specific plan for green belt development

Description By the end

of 2011 By the end

of 2012 By the end

of 2013 Plant, maintain and development trees

500 Nos. Total 1000 Nos. Total 1500 Nos.

55..88 CCLLEEAANNEERR PPRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN The industry has anticipated the following re-use/recycling probabil ities and

shall focus attention on these as a cleaner production alternative which are

given in Table 5.4.



Table 5.4 Cleaner Production Focus Area Cleaner production activity Loading / Unloading

of materials

Loading / unloading of materials from tankers may lead to fugitive emissions. To avoid the same, the material transfer will be done through fixed piping connections.

Analysis of flue gas

Flue gas analysis will be carried out at regular intervals and based on the results; necessary adjustments will be made to respective equipments.

Equipment cleaning

Use of high pressure hoses for equipment washing / cleaning to reduce waste water generation.

House Keeping

It would not be out of place to mention that industry shall: follow safe work procedures and the requirements of the law keep work areas clean keep aisles clear keep exits and entrances clear keep floors clean, dry and in good condition stack and store items safely use proper waste containers store all materials in approved, clearly labeled containers in

designated storage areas only keep sprinklers and fire extinguishers clear clean up spills and leaks off any type quickly and properly keep lighting sources clean and clear follow preventive and predictive maintenance mark all pathways for movement of raw materials and personnel

etc.

The above are the primary focus areas that the industry has envisaged to

study and carryout cleaner technology activities. Further focus area will be

identified on continues basis.

55..99 OOCCCCUUPPAATTIIOONNAALL HHEEAALLTTHH && SSAAFFEETTYY All precautionary methods will be adopted by the company to reduce

the risk of exposure of hazards to employees.

Pre-employment and periodical medical examinations will be carried out

to assess the health status of the workers and medical records for the

same will be maintained for each employee. A plan for periodical

medical check-up of workers is attached as Annexure 5.1.



A qualified doctor will be appointed as per Factory Act and required

medicines, antidotes and first-aid box will be procured under the

guidance of appointed doctor as per guidelines of Factory Act.

Industry has employed a safety officer and medical officer for its main

unit and they will be responsible for the power plant unit also.

For the safety of workers, personal protective appliances l ike hand

gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons, nose masks and ear

protecting devices will be provided.

Proper ventilation system will be provided in the process area.

55..1100 RRAAIINN WWAATTEERR HHAARRVVEESSTTIINNGG All Plant building, Administration building and Canteen roofs water are

collected, conveyed to one of the bore and harvested by means of an

appropriate Rain Water Harvesting System. Rainwater harvesting system is

already provided within the premises as per the CGWA approval. A detail of

rainwater harvesting system is attached as Annexure –5.2.

55..1111 RRIISSKK AASSSSEESSSSMMEENNTT Industry has carried out Risk Assessment study including fire and explosion

issues due to storage and use of fuel for the proposed 16 MW (2 x 8 MW)

power plant. The Risk Assessment study report separately attached as

Annexure – 5.3. A fire hydrant lay out with pipeline network & fire hydrant pump is attached

as Annexure 5.4.

55..1122 DDoo’’ss aanndd DDoonn’’tt Do’s

Place men working sign boards on all switches before commencing work

Ensure that all the controll ing switches are opened and locked or the

fuse withdrawn before working on any circuit or apparatus.

Turn away your face whenever an arc or a flash is expected.

Discharge to earth thoroughly all cables before working on the cores.

Make sure that all employees are famil iar with the location and use of

fire fighting apparatus.



Make sure, when using fire hose that the jet of water breaks into a fine

contact with l ive electrical apparatus.

Check fire extinguishers periodically to ensure that they are all in good

conditions.

Don’ts

Don't close any switches unless you are famil iar with the circuit which

controls and know the reason for its being kept open.

Don't test a circuit with bare fingers or hand or other make shift devices

to determine whether or not it is al ive.

Don't use wires with poor and deteriorated insulation.

Don't be haste and careless. This cause many accidents.

Don't throw water on l ive electric equipment in case of fire. It is

dangerous.

Don't use fire extinguishers on electrical equipment unless it is clearly

marked as suitable for that purpose.

Don’t use ladder without a lashing rope otherwise the ladder should be

held firmly by another person.

Don't go near running belts and machines.

55..1133 BBUUDDGGEETTAARRYY AALLLLOOCCAATTIIOONN The budgetary allocation towards pollution control arrangements for the

proposed project is presented in the Table 5.5.

Table 5.5 Budgetary Allocation

Sr. No.

Area of Expenditure

Capital Cost (Rs.)

Recurring Cost/Annum

(Rs.) Remarks

1 Air Pollution

Control 4,10,00,000 66,50,000

Capital cost would include air pollution control devices and the recurring cost would include operation and maintenance of pollution control devices and stack monitoring.

2 Water

Pollution Control

10,00,000 12,00,000

Capital cost would include cost of ETP and recurring cost would include maintenance charges, manpower salary etc.



Sr. No.

Area of Expenditure

Capital Cost (Rs.)

Recurring Cost/Annum

(Rs.) Remarks

3 Noise

Pollution Control

10,00,000 50,000

Capital cost would include providing adequate sound enclosures and recurring cost would include monitoring of noise level.

4 Solid Waste

Pollution Control

50,00,000 50,000

Capital cost would include providing storage area for hazardous waste and recurring cost would be for solid/ hazardous waste packing and for the membership of TSDF site.

5 Green Belt 20,00,000 50,000

Capital cost would include development of green belt and recurring cost would include maintenance charges.

Total 5,00,00,000 80,00,000 --

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 66 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL

IIMMPPAACCTT SSTTAATTEEMMEENNTT



CHAPTER – 6

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Generally any project or action includes various impacts, which vary in

magnitude as their beneficial or adverse classification. At the same time it is

vary important to conclude that the “overall” or “collective” impact of the

proposed project is beneficial or detrimental.

In case of the proposed project, impacts are evaluated with respect to

various activities during construction and operational phase.

66..11 AAIIRR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT The general meteorological data collected during the study period confirms

that climatic status of the study area is consistent with the regional

meteorology.

Based on the ambient air quality monitoring carried out in the study area

and ground level concentration evaluated by Dispersion Modell ing, it is

found that incremental values due to the operation of proposed project are

well within the permissible limits as prescribed in the National Ambient Air

Quality (NAAQ) Standards for respective residential rural areas and

industrial areas. 66..11..11 AAiirr PPooll lluutt iioonn CCoonnttrrooll SSyysstteemm Fuel gas emission would be considered as the main source of emission

particularly in terms of Sox & PM. There will be chances of fugitive emission/

dust emission due to storage, handling and transfer of imported coal,

l ignite, l imestone and fly ash.

Lignite/Imported coal will be used as fuel in boiler so to meet the

emission standards of GPCB, industry will install Electrostatic Precipitator

to boiler as air pollution control system.

Adequate stack height will be provided for proper dispersion of

pollutants, particularly Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) into the atmosphere.

The l ignite, imported coal and l imestone shall be transferred through the

belt conveyor system which will be covered with belt hood.



Stack monitoring facil ities l ike porthole, platform etc. will be provided

with to the stack in order to facil itate sampling of gases being emitted

into the atmosphere.

Plain water spray type dust suppression system is proposed to install at

hopper to catch the dust particle and control the fugitive emission.

Unit will adopt free water sprinkl ing method in storage yard to suppress

dust generation and tarpaulin of jute covering will be used wherever

required to prevent the dust spreading into atmosphere.

The unit will also develop thick plantation around the storage yard to

control the fugitive emission.

Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out within factory

premises for SPM, RSPM, Sox and NOx.

Based on the above it may be concluded that there would not be any

adverse impacts on surrounding air environment within the study area due

to the proposed project.

66..22 WWAATTEERR EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT Base l ine study reveals that the ground water quality in the study area

meets the standards specified by the Indian Standard 10500, 1991.

The total water requirement for the proposed project will be 1305 KL/ day.

The fresh water requirement will be satisfied through ground water from own

bore well. The company has obtained permission for the extraction of

ground water from Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), New Delhi.

Domestic wastewater generated from the proposed CPP will be treated along with industrial effluent in the existing Effluent Treatment Plant.

Industrial waste water generated from the proposed power plant will be

treated in existing effluent treatment plant comprising of primary, secondary

& tertiary treatment facil ities (some modifications will be made to cater the

additional effluent quantity). The treated wastewater from ETP will be

util ized in the gardening / plantation / dust suppression within the plant

premises.

Thus, it can be concluded that there would not be any significant adverse

impact on water environment due to the proposed project.



66..33 NNOOIISSEE EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT The main source of noise generation will be from the operation of steam

boiler & turbine. One of the auxil iary sources of noise generation would be

transportation within and outside the premises. The precautions will be taken for abatement of noise pollution is as follows, Adequate noise control measures will be provided whenever required.

Noise from steam turbine will be control by proper acoustic insulation.

Proper and timely oil ing, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be

carried out for the machineries and equipments to reduce the noise

generation.

Personal protective devices such as ear-muffs, ear-plugs etc. should be

strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas.

Noise monitoring will be done regularly at different parts of the plant.

The green belt area within industrial premises and around the periphery

will prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area. Noise levels in the surrounding study area are well within the permissible

l imits given by the National Noise Quality Standards. Noise level in the

project premises will be controlled at the source itself by appropriate use of

noise suppressing systems. Thus, no significant adverse impact on the noise environment is l ikely to

occur due to the proposed project. This shall further be attenuated by a

barrier of plantation at the periphery of the plant.

66..44 LLAANNDD EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT The soil pollution is generally due to wastewater and solid waste. As per the

Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement)

Rules, 2008 and Amendment Rules, 2010 all necessary control steps for each

type of Hazardous Wastes generated from the proposed project will be

taken. The main source of solid waste generation from the proposed project will be

fly ash due to combustion of fuel which will sell to brick and cement

manufacturers.



The main source of hazardous waste generation from the proposed project

will be resin from water treatment facil ity and primary sludge from

wastewater treatment facil ity which will be sent to approved TSDF site for

final disposal. Ancillary source of hazardous waste generation wil l be

spent/used oil from plants & machineries which will be reuse as lubricant

within premises / sell to MoEF approved recyclers. Another hazardous waste

will be discarded bags & drums from raw material storage & manufacturing

process which will be sent back to the l imestone supplier for reuse for supply

of l imestone and sold to authorized recyclers respectively.

Adequate precaution will be taken to control fugitive emission to avoid any

land contamination. During monsoon season extra precautionary measures

will be taken to prevent any generation of leachate. Manifest system will be

followed during transportation of hazardous waste for the disposal. Record

of hazardous waste generation and disposal shall be maintained.

Therefore, no impact of hazardous wastes generation on surrounding land

environment is anticipated.

66..55 EECCOOLLOOGGYY The flora and fauna of the study area indicate that there are well diversified

species in the study area, which proves that impact on flora and fauna has

been negligible. There would be no adverse impact of air pollution on the

surrounding ecology as all the necessary air pollution control measures will

be provided. It may be noted the M/s. Nirma Limited has a large green belt area within

existing premises and also will expand & develop a large green belt area for

the proposed power plant, which will help in inviting birds and other

creatures to proliferate.

Thus, the proposed project would not have any adverse impact on the

ecology.



66..66 SSOOCCIIOO--EECCOONNOOMMIICC EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT The proposed project will generate employment during operation phase.

The indirect employment will also be generated by way of transportation,

shopkeepers and other casual employment for many people. Local people

will be given preference for the jobs in the proposed project. Economic

status of the local people will improve due to the increased business

opportunities, thereby, making a positive impact. Educational, medical and

housing facil ities in the study area will considerably improve.

Thus, the proposed project will have significant positive impact on the

employment pattern of the study area.

66..77 SSUUMMMMAARRYY OOFF TTHHEE EEIIAA SSTTUUDDYY The salient features of the impact on environment due to the proposed

project can be summarized as follows:

Construction phase will not impart appreciable impact, as indicated

mitigation measures will be followed.

Negligible impacts will occur on air quality. However, all the necessary

air pollution control measures will be provided.

No ecological damage will occur.

No adverse impacts will occur on water environment.

Local employment opportunities will increase.

Various other environmental parameters l ike Forest / National Park /

Sanctuary and Religious / Historical Places will not be affected.

Environmental Management Plan has been formulated to control all the

pollution control measures and Environmental Management Cell has

been setup to follow the formulated environmental management plan.

On-site emergency plan has been prepared to prevent the occurrence

of any disaster and take care of all required safety measures.

Thus, the proposed project will have overall negligible negative impacts on

the environment and these impacts will be encountered with proper

mitigative measures.

CCHHAAPPTTEERR –– 77 CCOONNSSUULLTTAANNTT

EENNGGAAGGEEDD



CHAPTER – 7

CONSULTANT ENGAGED IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN ANAND CONSULTANTS (An ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Consultancy) is a group

of young professionals dedicated to assignments in Pollution Control under

the dynamic leadership of Mr. Rakesh Shah be it Air, Solid or Water related

Pollution Control.

Since 1978 Anand Consultants have been working as Environmental

Engineers in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan as well as Afghanistan. During the

said 33 years Anand Consultants have worked for different type of industries

providing various services related to consultancy, laboratory, field studies,

project execution as well as operation and maintenance. Turnkey

assignments are undertaken by a sister concern.

Anand Consultants also happen to be Environmental Auditors appointed by

the Gujarat Pollution Control Board as per the directives of the Honourable

High Court of Gujarat. Anand Consultants has already made application to NABET/QCI for the

accreditation as EIA consultant organization. NABET/QCI has given

Provisional Accreditation (S. N. - 3 of PA List) to our organization.

Anand Consultants have the necessary manpower and expertise in various

fields as also the required infrastructure facil ities to carry out work related to

environmental engineering.

Contact Information:

ANAND CONSULTANTS 16, Everest Tower, Naranpura, Ahmedabad – 380 013, Gujarat. Phone: 079-27484871 Fax: 079-27480116 e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]



DDEETTAAIILLSS OOFF TTEECCHHNNIICCAALL PPEERRSSOONNNNEELL

Name Designation Degree Years of

Experience Mr. Rakesh C. Shah (Sole Proprietor)

Environmental Engineer

B. Tech (IIT), M.S. (U.S.A.)

33

Mr. Vimal Chokhavatia (Empanelled expert)


M.S. (Env. Engineering) B.E. (Civil)

36

Dr. Gautam K. Trivedi (Empanelled expert)

Environmental Scientist

Ph.D. M.Sc.

(Organic Chemistry)

34

Mr. Sureshchandra P. Vyas (Empanelled expert)

Geo-Hydrologist M.Sc. (Applied Geology)

B.Sc. (Geology)

42

Dr. Manoj Eledath (Empanelled expert)

Environmental Scientist

Ph.D. M.Sc. (Biosciences)

19

Mr. Mukesh Suroliya (Empanelled expert)

Geologist M.Sc. (Geology) B.Sc. (Chemistry)

5.5

Ms. Megha C. Parmar Chemical Engineer

B.E. (Chemical) 5.0

Ms. Dipal H. Shah Environmental Scientist

M.Sc. (Env. Science) B.Sc. (Bio-Chemistry)

3.5

Mr. Nilesh P. Rathod Chemical Engineer

B.E. (Chemical) 3.1

Mrs. Neel P. Patel Environmental Scientist

M.S. (Env. Technology) B.Sc. (Chemistry)

2.5

Mr. Haresh L. Makwana Chemist B.Sc. (Chemistry) 2.5

Mr. Hardik P. Patel Environmental Engineer

M.E. (Environment) M.Env. (Env. Protection)

2.0

Mrs. Purvi A. Patel Environmental Scientist

M.Sc. (Env. Science) B.Sc. (Microbiology)

2.0

Mrs. Jeegna J. Patel Environmental Scientist

M.Sc. (Env. Science) B.Sc. (Biotechnology)

2.0

Mr. Hiral H. Patel Chemical Engineer

B.E. (Chemical) 2.0

Ms. Chandralekha Bharti


M.Tech. (Civil – Env. Engineering)

M.Sc. (Env. Science)

1.9



Name Designation Degree Years of

Experience Mr. Awadhesh Kumar Environmental

Engineer M.Tech.

(Civil – Env. Engineering) M.Sc. (Env. Sciences)

1.6

Mr. Ashvin R. Zala AutoCAD Expert

I.T.I. 12

Documents

NIRMA LIMITED - Gujarat Pollution Control Boardgpcb.gov.in/pdf/Nirma_Limited_EIA_Part_I.pdf · DRAFT RAPID ENVIR ONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR Installation of 16 MW (2 X 8