NCQUCQUNHTh tmhiuTMs N G U Y N D U a T R U Y N K l U(In ln th hai c sa chav b sung)NHXUTBN(IODCVITNAM 9V,Li ni uTTruynKiultcphmvnhcm khngmtngiVitNamno,ngayc nhngngikhngbitch,lkhnga thch,vkhngthuclngtnhiu.Ngi chcthcKiukhngchthng thclihay,p,m cnquantmtitm scatcgi,vkhngkhithi:"Tm sbncaNguynDulg,tisaoliu utnhvy?"Nhiunhnghincuc' gngaracutrli,nhngtheoHHuy Gip,trongli:"GiithiuvNguynDuv TruynKiu",ca[1]^'^th:"Tmsca NguynDuqulmttmsymu thun,khhiu...lmtviclmrt cng phu,ihis nggp ca tp th".Cc cutrichdncly theo tiliu1) (xemphnTiliutham kho) v dc nh s heo ti liu yTikhngphilngilmcngtc vnhc,mchlmlngimTruyn Kiu,nh baongiVitNamkhc.Ticho rng,mingic"TruynKiu",tyiheo khnngcamnh,ucthvphigp phnlmsngtbmtvtmsNguyn Du,vcnghiurtmscatcgi,ta nhnthccngsuschncihay,cip ca"TruynKiu".Vvykhngqunngi vshiubitnngcncamnh,ticng xinmnhdnnumtvisuynghvvn trn,tmtgcmccnhnghin cuvnhc clkhngngh ti.Nhngkinnyctrnhbyvn tthnmtchttrongmtbimtigi tasonbo"Vnngh",nm1965.nhn knim200nmnmsinhcaNguynDu. Nhngticrngbibonybtrli. Lnny, titrnhby cnkhcmnhngll lmcschogithuytcati,vcsa mt s kin,hocb sung cho y hn.ykhngphilmtbinghincu vnhc,mchlmtgithuytcc s, ctnhchtgiccnhnghincii thamkho.Chpnhnhaybcbnl quyncabnc,chmongccbncng cvcngsuyngh,cnhthlvinhdlnchotcgi,vtcgixinchn thnhcincmbn c.TcgixinchnthnhcmCfnNhxut bnGiodcgipchocunschny ramtlnu,vNhxutbnkhoahcx higip chocunschnyramtln thhai,xincmCfn nhgionhndnNg TlicLanh,vcnhgionhndnHong ThiuSngpnhiukinqubuv khchltivitcunschny,v cuicng, xincmnngLNgcY,nguynbintp vinnhxutbngiodc,nhittnh gip tihonchnhbntho.TC GI1L ta ln xut bn th haid^unschnhny,saukhiramt, cngocginnhn,nhiubnc gpnhiukinqubu,nhiulikhchl, khinchngtirtcmkch,vchngtixin chnthnh cmt.Ththeonghcamtscgi,trong lntibnny,chngtitngscutrong ccontrchdn,bncmtcngtm kimtrong"TruynKiu"mvnhiucvn cnhtrongctngmtcgiphntch. Chngticnbsungthmmtsll,chi tit,bngchng,bncdnmbthn kincatcgi,vtngtnhthuytphcca lplun.Chngticngthmmtschitit trongtiusmtsnhnvt,trongmtsin tch.Cuicng,chngticngcgngsa htcclinlot,bintp,tronghaibntrc, mong rngbnny shon chnhhn.TC GI8ITI SAO, TMm uTM S NGUYND, TA PHI TM TRONG"TRYNKIU"?Trongcun"Vitvngiokhoakhigiithiu'TruynKiu"vtiutruyntcgiii,Dng QungHmvit:"ChyucatclCIgitm sminhvotrongcuntruyn:cvntcoimnh nh mtcuthncaNhL,mgplcqucbin khng th trn ch trung vi L hong,li phi rath nhNguyn.Cnhngtht khng khc g Thy Kiu, nhcV(iKimTrng,mvgiabinphibn mnhchongikhc,khnggidcchtrinhvi tnhqun.Bivy,cmxtruynnngKiu bc hchtms cac.Trongtruyn,clikhomt th thi nhn lnh,tht l rch ri, ch l".Vitvngiokhoath,caDngQungHm,NhaHcchnh ngPhp. Xut bn1940.CDcmgvnlmtnhnhohc,tn.glu chngithi,saumichuyntheoTyhc,nnv thigian,cngnhvnpsuyngh,cgnvi NguynDuhcmchngtanhiulm.Vy,cthni rngkintrnycacDngcnglVkin chungcaccnhnhohctrongthk19vna uthk20.Thtvy,ngnili,ngiucr nhnnmNhmNg(1906)titrngthihng Namnh,lmtnhnhocntchunhhngca vnhaphng TyhncDngnhiu:tuyngti cngccsch,boqucng,nhngchyuvn nghincu,thamkhoccschchHn,vlm vn,IhchHn;khiging"Kiu"choanhem chngti,ngticngnivlms NguynDugin nhhontongingvikincaDngQung Hmtrny.TrcCchmngthngTm,tngs cctrng Irunghc(lcltrngcp2,hoccp2+cp3) cnglp cacba kchxpxmitrng,udy vhcbngtingPhp,cntingVitbcoilngoi ng,mitunchhcc3gi.Trmt,haitrng ln-thdtrngBi-cgioschuynvVit vn,trongcctrngcnli,mntingVitlido ccgios TonhocL-Hakimnhim.Vvy, ccthyhunhdahontonvocun"Vitvn giokhoath"nitrn.Khihcv"TruynKiu", hcsinhcp2chnglithiyugnnhthuc lngtrchonktrn,vcncnghemts'thy10bsungthcmrng:"TruynKimVnKiuca Thanh TmlinhnvnkhngcontihiKimTrng, ngcritachorngNguynDusngtcIhmon ytlngmongmic"tihp"vi"VuaL". Vvn"TmsNguynDu"tngnhc giip.Tuynhin,cngvothi,lixuthincun "NguynDuvTruynK'caHoiThanh,v cun"NguynDuvTrii\nKiucaNguynBch Khoa(cncbtdanhTrngTu).Vvnc tli,vthuhtsquantmcanhiungihn. TicrngsaucuckhngchinchngPhptnc bchiact,trongvnhcvcbit,trongnghin cuvNguynDunysinhnhiuvnln,quan trnghn,nnmtsnhnghincutuycnin tmsNguynDu,nhngkhngisunghincu n,vclccndnchngmtssnglckhc, ngoi TruynKiu,iuny,theo thin,clkhng phidng ca NguynDu.Tichorng,tuykintrnycaDcmg QungHmkhngphnnhngtms ca Nguyn Du,nhngnucoinlkinchungcaas'cc nhnhohctrc,thkinyhn cphnxcng, mchngtakhngthbqua,:"NguynDu sngtc'TruynKiu" kthctms camnh". Do,tichorng,hiuctms y,chngta phitmntrong"TruynKiu",vchtmtrong l,vnutcgi"TruynKiu"dngkthc11tmsmnhtrong,thkhngcldogmc khnggigmmtcchtrnvn.limxut pht utin,ong cuctimtica chng ti.Chngtachrng,khngchchngtangy naymiquantmtitmsNguynDumnhng ngicngthi,bnb,thnthucca ccngch tibutmsuutcac.Xinphptrchdnhai onsauy,trong"LittruynNguynDu"[Xem [1],trang 497- 498, ch thch10]...."nglngcyitronglngt phmmtngoi cnhu.Mikhitinkin,losrtrnhngi khngth ninng c.Tigclivuadrng: "Nhncdngngi,duydngngihinti,vn khngphnbittrongNamngoiBc.Ngicng NgV ctring,lmquannbckhanh, nnbitiugicniht,choychctrch. u li rt r e s ch nhtg vng d m thi"......"nglmquan,thng phiquantrnpch nnphnutbtcch.nkhibnhnng,ng khngchuungthuc,bonginhm xemchn tay.Hniving lnhri,ngni"c".Ni xong th mt, khng trili mt iu g..."Nhngchitit"tronglngtph,mmtngoi cnhu.,.."v"losrtr,nhngikhngthni nngc..."cangichplittruynnhgithi cac,v"...ulirtres chnhngvngd mthi"mvua GiaIx)ngqu trchcchngtrng12nhiungcrttrongTriunhuthyrthi"T Th quiTo"cac,vuch i cmtlitm s,hocmtsbclkno,vomtlcno. V chitit"Nixongthmt,khngtrilimtiu g"chothyrng,lcspquai,chontontnh to,xungquanhcnhiungithn,mongmi,ch iclnting,vhhontonthtvngvc khnghl iug, ngoimtting"c",Thngthng,nhngngicmtbutms u ungikntronglngsutci,khibitmnhsp sangthgiibnkia,uthlvimtvingi thnnht,lngtmcthanhthntrckhi nhmmt.Tronghuhtcctrnghpy,litri trngthnglmtcuchuynxu,hocvtnhi, vtinbc,hocthmchvhnhs,mngil thphm,ngthilngiduynhtcnli,bitr ngnngnh,vnulra,thhocsbtrngtr, hocbdlunlnn.Nhnglngiclngtm, nnsutidaydtkhngyn;mtkhc,likhng dngcmcngkhaitnhnlivviclmsai tricamnh,nlcgntxatrimiththtvi mtvingithn,cthanhthnlcmgtm. Cnnulnhngchuyn,nhctimkhngc trngdng,hocoancvbgianthngimpha,hm hi,hocvtnhlmmchlngngitrnnnbtht sng,hoctnhduyntrctr v.v...,thdukhngk lvimingi,th thngngita cngkhngngn ngigmkhng thl trongvnth.13NguynDu,chonnhnggiyphtcuicng cacucivngiknbulmschoringmnh, ch"mtmnhmnhbit,mtmnhmnhhav",v cngkhnglrtrongcctcphmvnhcca linh.Vy,chngtacthonrng,ckhngmun thltmt vingingthi,chngphivs b trngpht,hocvxuhkhiphithnhnviclm saitrinocamnh,mhnl cchorng,ngi ngthikhngaihiucc.Do,imxul phtth haica chngtil:"Tms caNguynDu khngthucloicmgin,Ihngthngnhmi ngi,khngnhtheocchnghcaccnhnho trckia,chcmginl "khngthtrnchtrung viLhong,liphirathnhNguyn",mny sinh do muthunngaytrongnitm c".Tuymangnngbutmsuut,khngthl vingingthi,nhngNguynDulimonghu thcngihiucmnh.Haicunitingtrong bith "c Tiu thanhk"ca c:"Bt tritam bch d nin hu Thin h h nhn khp TNhi".myaikhngbit?Viumongmicachn khngphilvcnc,tcltaphichorng NguynDukhngmangtheob mlvtms ca c sangthgiibnkia,m"ctgiu"nu trongccsngtcvnchngcamnh.NguynDu likhnhiuthchHn(trongbab:Thanh14Hintl.tp,NamTriintpngmvBchnhtp lc)vbntcphmNml:'TruynKiu"(tc ontrxngtnthanh),"Vnchiuhn"('hayVnt thplooingsinh),'Thcitraiphtignn"v "VntisnghaicgiTrigLit",trong "TruynKiu"llcphmlnnht,cNguynDu dnhnhiutmhuytnhtkhisngtc,vhunh khngratngiVitNamnokhngthuclngmt vion,mrtnhiungicnthuclunmc cthlmmtbitpKiu,vbtktino.Vy, chngta cthtin chcrng,"ctgiu"butms phctpcamnh,NguynDulachn"Truyn Kiu",nicthgiiby,y,v chititnilng uun camnh.Chciulcgiuqukn,khng btkaicngnhnracmtcchddng; nhngclivnmuncngi"khmph"c "nict giuiubmtcac",nncphidng linhngduvichdnchongdnodngcng phthinccduvty,tmhiunghacachng, mimong hiung clms ca c.V imxut phtthbacachngtil:"Phitmtrong"Truyn Kiu"nhngduvtmNguynDuli,tmhiu dngcatcgithhintrongccduvtymi cthkhmphcb mt vtms tcgi".15CN C TIN RNGNGUYNDU DNG l id uVT TRONG TRN KlUTrongvnhcVitNamvTrungHoa,stc phmcchangtmscatcgichngkhng nhiu.Tuynhin,phntchccbitiy,cngc ththycmtviquitcmtcgi cachng p dng.Chngtahyxembiph"Ngctnhlin"ca McnhChi([5],lpI,trang112ntrang117). McnhOii,lnllTitPhu,nguynngrilng LanKh,huynBngH(naylThanhH,tnhHi Dcmg),saudisanglngLngng,huynCh Linh.ngutrngnguyniTrnAnhTng.l nginitingvntimntip.Vuaquannh Nguynbit tingng,nnkhingis,bvua, quan Tuthaynhauthli.bngnhicucudihimhc; cunongcngngkhuclilirlchi,khinmi16ngiphiphcti.cmicbiiumtcng chachttr,ngmgiyra,chthycbnch "nht",bitlhlithtinnkhngcnnghlu, ng cngay:'Thanhthin nht avnHngl nht im tuytThng uyn nht chi hoaDao tr*nht phin nguytY! Vn tn,tuyt tiu, hoa ln, nguyt khuyt".Lc dch:'Tri xanh m! ng myL d hng) mi ht tuytThng uyn mi cnh loaDao tr mt mnhtrngi! My tn,tuyt tan, hoa tn, trng khuyt".{*Dbn:Qunghn)VuaNguyncngtriuIhnvcngthnphcs mntip cang,v cuicngnhvua phongtng ngdanhhiu"Lngqucirngnguyn"(trng nguynhainc).Ngitathngkrng:"Khingithi,vnbi rtxutscngtrngnguyn.NhngvuaTrn AnhTngthytngmongxux,khngmun ly.ngbndngbiph"Ngctnhlin"(tcl; hoasentronggingngc)nilnciphmgipthanhcaocamnh.Vuaxemxongrtcmphc,bn chongtrngnguyn".Tuynhin,ngikli khngdnlinocavuagiptar,vuacmphc ci"phmgithanhcao"hayciticatcgi,m trongbiph,tcgichklichuynmnhgpo s,coschoxembnghoasenqu,bnngu hnglmbica,cangimthi,tuytkhngcml cu,mtchnolinhvmnh.Vchngtacng khngthyaicoibiphnylcchangtms g ca"Mcnh Chi".Chngtalixemmtbiphkhc,bi"Hn vng tnph"^'^ ca ng TrnThng.ng TrnThngngihuynChngMtnh Hng(naythucHNi)snh(tctti) iHuL,vnlbnhcviNg ThNhm,nhng litrthnhkthcaNgThNhm.KhiNgTh NhmralmquanviTySn,thngtrnvoNam, phNguynnh,byttnhthBcH,c Nguynnhtindng,ngbymulpk nhTy Sn,lpnhiucngtrng,cphongchcTnl thngch.Saukhilnngivua,GiaLongliphong chongchcBinhbBcthnh,rilitriuvkinh lmBinhbthngth.Sau,vcti,bbtgiam trongngc,lmbiphny,cngvibi"Tncung n onBicngvn".Cuicng,bx gio.VitNamthivnhptuyn,caDngQungHm(trang109 110).Nha Hc chnh ngPhp, xut bn1943.18HnTnlngihuynHoim,ctitr, nhngnhngho,banutheoS bvcmgHngV, khngctrngdng,bnbtheoHnvngLu Bang,nhcTiuHhtlngtinc,nncLu Bangphonglmitng.HnTngipLuBang lp nhiuchincng,cuicng ithngHngV trongtrnCaiH,khinVphitmccht.Ln ngivua,HncaotphongchoHnTntcHoi mhu,sauvuchoTnlmphn,bttriTnav LcDng,thacho Tn,ritlusaulimntayL Hu bt Tnv tru ditamtc.Hn TncngviTrngLcmg v TiuH l ba icngthncanhHn,cLuBangsuytnl tamkit.Saukhibnhnhgiangscm,Hncaotbt giamTiuH,trudiHnTn,BnhVit,chtr TrngLcmgkhnglmquanmtheoolutin nnmithot cht.ngTrnThngcngviTqunLVn Duyt,TinqunNguynVnThnh,huqunL VnQitcnglcngthn,ccnggipNguyn nhditTySn,lnngiHong.NguynVn Thnhthvmtbithcacontrai,mbktti phnnghch,bbtgiamriungthucctt, ngTrnThng,cthngnBinhbthng Ih,iviGia Long cngc cng trng gnnhHn TniviHncaot,vcngbbtgiam,khng khcgHnTn.Vvy,trongcunVitNams19lc'^^^TrnTrngKimvit:'Tgtruynrng ngTrnThngtrongngcclmhi"Hn vng tn ph" bng quc m v mnhnh Hn Tn i Hn".Thtraccnhsutmvnghincuvnhc khigiiihiuhocirchdnbiphny,khngai nilngTrnThngcvminhnhHnTn, hoccgigmtmsgtrongbiy.Vtrongc bi,tcgichklinhngbcgiantruncaHn TnvcatngtmlngunghucaTn"nnho nhcnglyvngmbop,onrnhrnhcn lytcphm bancho",vklisvicTnb btch trongbikhngcmtcu,mtchnotc gi lin hvmnh.Ngay c cukt:'Tanay:xem phoci(s,ctruynnhnthn, thy cu:"Hncthinh,i giai Tnchi cng" chatngthntchHnvngtnchianhti,m thmtrch Hn caohong chi sai k",vncthcoi lcabtkngno,cgpcnhngnh Hn Tn haykhng.Dotrongtonbiphkhngccu,ch nolc rangoiu"Hnvcmgtn",nnngaycvua MinhMng,ngdhlnhxgiongTrnNh xut bn vn ha thng tin n hnh, nm 2002, trang 451 20Thng,cngch"cholngconhn'ch khngthcngkhaikttingvbiph.V chng tacngkhngtht biphymrtrac kt lun gchcchnv tms tcgi.Qingtalixembi"Ngalongcngvn"ca oDuy T ([5], tp II, trang 618- 622).oDuyT(xemBinhthyulc,ca BKHXHdoNXBKhoahcxhiphthnh,nm 1977)sinhvokhongnm1572xHoaTrai, huynTnhGia,tnhThanhHangynay,ng thngminh,hcrng,nhngvlconnhphng cho,nnkhngcithi.ngcmphntrnvo Nam.utin,ng i chn truchomtphng x TngChu,huynHoiNhn.Tngtruyn,mt hmichntruvthytrongnhcnhiukhch cngchnhbnlunths,ngvntaycmroi, taygithngtruchpsaulngngngoithm sangsngnghlunrtxcng,khinmingi rtkhmphc.Phnglintinc ngvikhml HoiNhomlTrncHa,DuyTlindngbi "Ngalongccmgvn".cHaliembicho chaNguynPhcNguynxem,chamnglm, bnmiDuyT nhichuynvngaysautrao chongchcNhaynitn,tcLckhhu, trngcoivicqun c.oDuyTgipchaNguynlmnnnhiu vicln,gipchaxylyTrngDcvlyng21Hi(thnggillyThy,vmingiutnng lbcthy),nhchaNguynngnchnc cccuctincngcachaTrnh,rixngvng pha Nam.oDuyT ccoilnhtkhaiquccng thnca nh Nguyn.cbi"Ngalongcongvn",khmlTrn cHani:"oDuyTlNgaLong'inay chng?",cnchaNguynthngnivimingcri: "oDuyT thtl T Phng(tcl TrcfngLcmg) vKhngMinh(GiaCtLng)ngynay".Tcgi binsontiliu[5]cngni:"Tcgivitbiny cvmnhnhKhngMinhvhyvngcha Nguyn bit dng ti minh''.Ccngs khngnh dtkhotcnhvy,vsauc130cuchkv ccchincngcaKhngMinh,bivnckt thcbngbn cu:"Chn ny thin h i dng t l cng c Nga Long ra i Cha nay dng ng ti ti Mng xem bn b di tri u yn".oDuyT nikhngpm,rng"NgaLong cngraininy,vnuchadngctiNgaLongCngltnvngtquhngcaKhngMinh,v Khng Minh cng ly tn hiu l Nga Long (ngha l:rng nm).22cati.thbnbuyn"thkhcgtnhnmnh l NgaLongthinay?Quamythdtrn,chngtacththyrng ccnhvn,nhthtrckiathngkhngmykhi nithngkinhoctmtcamnh,mthng mnmtnhnvtlchs,hocmtnhnvtdo mnhtngtng,hocmtsvtvtricnhn cchhanithaychomnh.Khimnlinhnvt hocsvt.baogiccccngrtrchri,minh bch.Trongtcphm,cctcgiuphnbitr rng,rnhmch,phnnonivnhnvt,cnphn nollinhvmnh.Cthldogianhnvtv tcgichcstngngmts'im,mts mt,mts ch, ch khngth c s tng nghon ton,nnngickhisuydinlungtung,ri gnchotcgiicmchkhngtt,quiti chotcgi-nhchuynNguynVnThnh,chv mt cu,trongmtbith cacontrail NguynVn Thuynbchol"lithhictngnghch"m phiaraxtx,nphiungthucctt, chnghn,-tcgiphicnhngcu,chlu cgichnnquantmnnhngchtcmgng mthi.Nutrongbivnkhngccu,chno linquanntcgi,nhtronghaibi"Ngctnh lin"v"Hnvngtnph"trny,thchngta khngthcoibillitms ca tcgi.Khngringgccnhvn,nhthVitNam, mcccdanhs TrungHoacngtuntheothngl23ny,Tahyxtbithdi:"Tbhnh"niting trongvnhcTrungHoavVitNam,cbitl tronggid"nghin"ca tr.Theotiliu[5],trang464- 468,th:'Thhnh lmtbithdi,caBchCD,ing".Bch CD,tLcThinlmtnhthlnthiTrung ng.Vnlngitrungtrc,nglmquan kinh,ngbbnnnhthngimpha,phibinrat Giang Qiu.Nhn mkhuya gp ngik n vgi bn TmDnggyn tb v k thnth chonghe, ting n no nut,thni lic ch ging mnh,ng cm khi vitnnbi T b hnh.PhanHuyVnh,ngilngThyKh,huyn YnSn,tnhScm Ty(nayIhucH Ni)c nhn ditriuMinhMng,lmquantribatriuMinh Mng,ThiuTrvTclngidchTbhnh ratingVitthnhcnghnc.BndchcaPhan HuyVri^'^cnlmttrongnhngngvndchhay nhltrongvnhcta,rtphcpvccoitrng khng khcgmttcphmxutsctrongnc.Mtns(haylcngcha,titickhngnh chnhxc)cTbhnhthanrng:"cTh hnhcngcmthtgchngGiangChuTm". MtnhvnTrungHoanghecuthan,ncn khen:"cnh th mil hiu T b hnh".Qing taNay nhiu ngi cho l ca Phan Huy Thc, b ca Phan Huy Vnh.24cthddnghiutisao,haidanhs,honton khngquenbitnhau,thuchaidntckhcnhau, haiinckhcnhau,liccngmtming cmvilcgi"Tbhnh".lv,sau62cu dnhchotingnvthnthngikn,BchC Dthtlnnhnglicmkhivthnphnmnh: (xem[5],trang 466)."Nghe n, ta chnh bun Li ru thm ni n non my li Cng mt la bn tri ln n Gp g nhau l sn quen nhau T xa kinh khuyt by lu Tm Dg t trch gi su hm mai Chn cng tch ly i vui thch Tai chng nghe n ch sut nm Sng Bn gn chn ct lm Lauvng, trcv,ny mm quanh hin Ting chi d nghe lin sm ti Cuc ku su,vnht vo von Hoa xun n,nguyt thu trn Ln ln tay chuc, chn son ring ngig H chng c ca rg ch ni Ging lu lo bun ni kh nghe..."Quanhnglitsny,tcgichninni buncaringmnh,khngmtliontrchnh vua.Dophnbitrchri,linolcangik25n,linolcatcgi.nnkhngainirng,tc gi mnlingikn on trchchngmnh:Khchtrng li khinh dng ly cchMi hun ch sm tcl ngun khi...knotonhnnhvua,mngic"Tb hnh"chcth"cmthngchngGiangChuT m"ch khngth chia s vi chnglng onhnai.ny,chngtacthktlunrng,cmt clkhngthnhvnca ccnhos trckia,lkhi mnlimtnhnvt,hocmtsvtnokn ogiibytms camnhbngmttcphmvn hc,tcgilunlunrchri,minhbch:hdng mtvicu,ch thchhp,bochongic,y millitms catcgi,cnlilcanhnvt, dpht biu trongmthon cnh hon tongingnh cnhngcatcgi,-nhlionhncangcrik ntrny-vnchllibcltnhcmcanhn vt,ch khngphica tcgi.NguynDu,khikthctmsmnhvo "TniynKiu"ltcngphitheothnglny.Trong cuciygiantruncamnh,ktlcgpKim Trngln u,tilctihp vichng, ThyKiu triqua nhiucnhngrtkhcnhau.uphittc cccnhngugingcnhngcaNguynDu? Mdcho cnhnggingnhauthtinhcm,t tng canngKiuuchclgingnhtnhcm,t26tngcatcgi?NguynDuxydng"Truyn Kiu"trongminhnvtcmttnhcchhon tonxcnh;do,hnhng,ting,tnhcm canhnvttrongmihoncnhuphiphhp vitnhcchmtcginhtrcchonhnvt, khngIhtytinunnntheothchringca mnh.Nimtcchkhc,khngthchorngc3254 cuKiuuchangtmscatcgi,mun trchdncunocngcthminhchngrngl thi.hocttng,lms NguynDu.Thd,li Kiu khuynT Hi:2495Lm chi d ting v sau2496Nghn nm ai c khen u Hong So...cngichorngKiukhngcoiTHilanh hngna,mcoiTHicngchlmttnggic nhHongSo(dcriy,tiscntrlichitit ny),vnhthlNguynDu,cuicng,cngcoi QuangTrunglgic.Theoti,takhngccnc nocoilinhgitrncaKiu,vTHi, cngngthillinhgicaNguynDu,v vuaQuangTrung.Theologiccatruyn,thKiu chnhmmtmcchlthuytphcTrahng, mTvnlngikiucng,tph,nnKiua ralinhginhngvonhcim caT.VchnglicaKiucngcmtphn ng,mTclcngtthylTkhngsc chngludiviquntriunh,cuicngs27thua,m"clmvua"th"thua"hnlphi"lrr gic"ri.VycunicaKiuldoiogiicca truynihi,khngthcholtcgimunmn liKiu nhgivua Quang Trung.Nhvy,ngichiungct.ms camnh,tcgiphi"nhdu"nhngchlc muntahiu,rngkhngphillini,hoc ngh ca cKiu,m chnhllini,nghalmnn butmscac.Vmunhiungctms cac,chngtanhtthitphitmchoranhngch "nh'duy".28CN C NHNDNG CCDU VTDONGNDU DNG LAI TRONG"TRUYNKIU"oDuyTtrckhitrnvoNam,cln nivibn:"TinghechaNguynhngct ThunQung,lmnhiuvicnc,liclngyu k s, trng ngi hn.Nu ta theovo gip th chng khc g Trng Liigv Hn,Ng Vin sang Ng, c th lmt rng thanh danh,ta khng n ni phi nt cng cy c,ung ph mt di"(xemtrang8),Vvy, khisnglc"Ngalongcngvn"bytnguyn vng caminh,oDuyT khngnhngkhnggiu gim,hocnixa xi,kno,mnithngthng:"Cia nay dng ngti ti Mng cho bn b di tri u yn".NibuncaBchC D,khibbimchcratn GiangChu,phi"xakinhkhuyt"cngliuchng29cgngphixuhhocshi,nnngcng khng ngnnginitrng ngay ra,khng p m:'T xa kinh khuyt by lu Tm Dng t trch gi suhm mai..."Tmscctcgica"NgaLongcngvn" v"Tbhnh"khngcglphctp,oDuy T thmongchonhiungi,nhtlchaNguyn,bit ntimnh,BchCDlimongcmingi cmthng,nnkhngcnrotrc,nsau,hoc xaxi,bnggi,mbcbchngaynilngmnh. NguynDulikhc.Nhtrnnhnxt,cgi kn butms camnhsutccuci,vcchorng khngaihiuc.Khisngtc"TruynKiu",chc c cngchorng,chmtstngicthhiuvcm thngvic,nnckhngmunnitrngra cho mi ngibit,mcgiurircmtschtrongtc phm.V ccchycc"nhdu"mtcchrt kno hnlbucnginothts quantmti butmscac,thphingno,dngtmtm ti,mi mongphthinc ccduvty,mt suy onra ninimuun ca c.bncthyrhn,taphidavodu tm ra dc cc duv! y,tixinphntchthm mt tcphmna.lbiIhttuyt,nhan:"Tri mng"caNguynKhuyn:"Cao cao mun trg y l tao Du pho thng thin chng ti no30k otao nguynvn mu xanhngt Ch ti cJ Oavvt vo".Mtstcgichorngnhanbithnyl "Thinh ngntai"(nghal:tricniuno).Khicnhc trngphthng,ticngni tigingchonghenhsau:"Tnbithkhngphi "Thinhngntai"ml"Trimng"*.Nhiungi khnghiuthmcYnnnminhmth! Chuclicuthbamxem.Tisaoclini: "o",xira nay caini"o tri"u?Ngita chni "datri"thich!Nguynl,ditriuNguync lmnThamtribL,nkhiTysang,ob HongCaoKhip,cmimincngralmquan, v Tythngcho clmTng cbatnhSn-Hng -Tuyn.Theoquinhngytrc,thphmphcca Thamtrilothnglam,cncaTngc,chc quancaohcm,logm.Ch"o"ctvocu chnhltrvc.Vicu"o taonguynvnmu xanhngt",cmunni"Taotrcsauvnchl Thamtrimthi, cnchcTng cl do chngmy (dOa)cngptaophinhn,chbntmtao khngmun".(Trong"Bidichc"[5]tp4,trang 333NguynKhuyn cngdn con: vo my ch trong bia Rng:"Quan nh Nguyn co v lu".TrongcunVitvngiokhoBth{xe\chthchtrang1)Dng QungHm cng ghi nhan bi thl "Tri mng".31tclcchl nhnmnhl"QuannhNguyn"ch khng tha nhnchctcca"Ty").ngtilinithm:"Bniihngrathch "o"phistot,vkhngphhp\'oiubith, l"Tri",vtricmcobaogi.Nhngtvo knobyttmsmnhthlirthay,vvn gic"muxanhngt"ngviu,mli ngcringcatcgi.Phicch"o"y,th ngitamihiucthmcatcgi,chnu salil"Dataonguynvnmuxanhngt"thc 28chcabithuhpviu"Tri",nhng bithkhng cngngchna,vcngchbnh thngnh ccbith khcm thi".ngticnaramtvibith hay,niting, thd,bith"Rnubinghc"caLQun, vbith"Vnnguyt"caHXunHcmg,ch cho tiIhy,tronghaibi,khngmt cu,mtch nolcrangoiu;thmch,haitcgicnti tnhch,trongbi"Rnubinghc",ongmi cuthlictnmtconrn,vtrongbi"Vn nguyt"th c tmcu ultmcuhi c.GianhtivnNamnh,ctivngli ulnhnho-chaiucnhnHnhc-c giaoduviccbcdanhnhothiy,nhNguyn Khuyn,NguynThngHin(tnglmchc Namnh,NinhBnh),TrnTXngv.v...vhiu hkhr.Titinlcchgiithchcangtivbi thtrnlngvingcatcgi,hnna,Iheo32sphnoncamnh,tithyiungtigingl rt c l.T,tisuyonrng;"Lutth,phcacc cta xuakiathtlhtscngtngho.Trongmtbi vn,bith hay,ttcmichongbiuphiph hp vi u .Mtbith dhay n my, m cn stmtchlc,dltcgidobvnmkhng thaybngch thchhp hnc,thvnbchl d, vnb"stot".iunybucccnhvn,nhth, khisng tckhng cphp cuth, ty tin,m phi cnnhcthntrngtngcu,tngch,khngc chnolc.Cncvotiuchunny,ikhi,ta cngddngloitr ccch dbn,mlara ch do tcgidng.TahyxtbithsauycaBhuyn ThanhQuan,mu,theonhiutcgil"Thng Long hoi c"([5], tp ni, ang 470)".To ha gy chi cuc h trng n nay thm thot my tinh sng Li xa xe nga hn thu tho Nn c lu i bng tchdng vn tr gan cng tu nguyt Nc cn cau mt vi tang thng Ngn nm gng c soi kim c Cnh y, ngi y, lung on trng.ngtigingrng:ubith khngphil "ThngLonghoic",vhoicsao liontrngc?"ontrng"nghal"trut",tcl"au33nvcng"mngitachcth"ontrng trcmtcnhclinquantrctipvimnh,m thi.ubithnyngral"Quc'phu1s",nghal"Nhimscangichngquc Qingmtri,nnkhithyninglmvictr y,thbmi"ontrng"nhtl,chngblil mtchctrihuynvlicab".(Cmtngi b,tnlNguynTho,lmcfnkinchng,V xinlyhn,bphvoomchophpvlychn ChngThokinlnquantrn,vnghuynt cchchc).Vnubith,thchthnc xindnhccbccaominhphnxt,ringti,t chtmcmtiu,ltheoccctaxakia,th ongmtbithhay,khngcphpcmtchi nolc,dchchlinquannmtchiti khng ng k.Mticaquitcny,lnlibcccl dngphcvmtring:mikhimunki obytkincamnhvmtvng,c( c chcntmmtchno Ihchhp ongbivn bith ca mnh,ritvomtch,hocvichi "trica"tcllcrrtrangoiubivn,b th,khinngicphisngst,mtmhiudn catcgiIdiidng ch olenh vy,do ,lnr; cthm ca tcgi.NguynKhuyn,tuysinhsauNguynDuv chcnm,tuyctipxcchttviTyhc,nhn cnbnvnlmtvthmnho,tclcotc34theocngmtkhunmunhNguynDu.Tivn chcmg,cvqucmlnHnvncahaiccOng litngngvinhau,hnl,knobyt tms camnh,haicttsdngcngmtphng php"nd".E)khng nhmnhtrc sau vn chl "QuannhNguyn",NguynKhuynthaych "da"bngch"o"tricatrongbith "Trcrimng". Vy,ichikthctmsmnhtrong"TruynKiu" NguynDuttcnglmnhth,tcl,nglphi dngchnymithchhpvidinbinlogicca truyn,clithaybngmtch"trica",tclmt ch rrnglchnrangoilogic ca truyn, ngi cchngtaphisngstmtmhiudng catc gi,risuyonra tms tcgi.Nimtcchkhc, nhngch"trica"ychnhlnhngduvtdo NguynDudngtrirctrongtruyndndt ngic chng ta titms uut ca c.Nhvy,bctiptheo-bctht,cngl bcquantrngnht,bcquytnh-trongcuc tm tica chng til:"hiungvytms caNguynDu qua"TruynKiu",cntmchoramicuch,mi intch,tnhtitkhngthchhpvinhnvthoc khngphhp vidinbinlogicca truyn,tmli, ltmnhngcu,ch"ngphistot"theocch nicaccctaxakia,coichngchnhlnhtg "duvt"mtcgidngtvo,ritmhiu nghacachng,mt ,suyratm s catc gi.35Vchnnsuyluntrncs ccchititymth nghalnhngchititno,cuchnophhpV( logiccatruynskhngccoilcchan calcgi,trnhkhnggnchongnhngkii m cl ngkhnghngh n.Diy,tixinlnlttrnhbycc"d vt"mtiphthinc,nulnnghac chngcngnhngsuyonchquancati,t c duvty.36"KIM TRNG THC" V "KIM TRNG H', "THY KIU THC" V "THY lU H'QigtahyxemonnivvicKimTrng thnhhnviThyVn:2837Xun huyn lo s xit baoQu ra khi n th nom hay!Vi vng sm sa chnngy2840Duyn Vn sm xe dy cho chngNgi yu iu, k vnchgTrai ti, gi sc xun g va thTuy rng vui ch vu quyVui ny ct su kia dc tioKhi n , lc ra vo2846Cng u duyn mi, cng do tnh xa"...37vhaich"vuquy",LVnHc[2]chgi nh sau:"Vuquymtchtrongth oYukinhThi ni ngi con gi v nh chng.ytc gi dng ni s vui mngvvicc. v caKimTrngthkhnghp.KimTrngcn du u m vu quy".CnNguyn ThchGiang[ 1]thging:"Vuquyych vicngbvinngoichocon gi v nh chng".ChngtathyrlcchchgiicaNguyn ThchGiangkhnglmchngtathamn.Ngily v thphivuivvicmnhciv,chsaolivuiv vic"bmvchocongivnhchng",dulv nhanhta?Tacngkhngthniltcgi"Truyn Kiu"munni:"TuyThyVnvuichvuquy",v Vnchc"vuiny",chlmgc"sukia",chc "duynmi"chlmgc"tnhxa"?Ngi"vu quy"dtkhotphilKimTrng.Do,cchch giicaLVnHelhplhn,vthcmcca ngrtng,ngthicnglthcmccanhiu ngikhc,tuyhchni,mkhngvitramthi, ingtahythxtmikhnnglgii,tisao NguynDulidng haich "vu quy" y.1.Khnngth nhtlc"nhm".Kh nngny cthhontonloitr,chngnhngvchmingh38ththicnglxcphmngihcvnuyn thm,cvntvngphongph,lidngchmt cchthntnh,aicngphikhmphcnhc,m cnvmtlhinnhinhn,lnhiuchkhc trong"TruynKiu"NguynDusdnghaich "vu quy"theongngha cachng.Th d:65 "nh ngy np thi vu quyTinliig d sn,vic g chng xong ..."hoc2263cung nga, th n ni sauRng"Vng lnh ch rcchuvu quy..."Vy,tacthtinchctrmphntrmlkhng cchuynNguynDudngnhmch,vtacth honlonloitr kh nngny.2.KhnngIh hail dobvn,nnnh th phi ng ch ,dubitlsai.Aicngbit"th"lcbt lcckkhlm.Ringmtquylutchcdng vnbnghnchrtnhiusvncgieo,li cnthmquilut:"tronghaichsu,tmcacu tm,thmt ch phicduhuyn(trmbnhthanh), chkiaphikhngdu(phbnhthanh)"khin khngtnhth iung; cuth khng tht vn, lmkhihnh dngnhng ch khngstnghalm, [hmch,ckhicnmuthunna,thd:bncu trch trong truyn"Nhmai":39...Ong trong tay o c ngi Giao thng gic Tht toan bi n kia Tu li, e cng ng ngh Mt t on biutc th gi ra...Mtithnthncn,hunhngynocn cvuavi,khithbnvic,lcthnhcc giikhuy,mlis rnglinicamnhngngh nnphidngs,thrrnglkhngthchhp Nhngtcgibuclngdngchy,chobtvr cvihaich "kia"v"th".Hocbncutrchtrongtruyn"LcVnTin' sau y:...Chi bng kim chn ln gia Trc l tm bn, saul ngh chn Vic chi than khc tn bng u em nhau chy vo rng, ln non...Clgiahaicutrnvhaicudicnc mtvicunachuynquachuynVnTin angvraivanghngi,thgpmtmngi vakukhcvachytantc.Nhngdsao,th thankhccngkhngth"tngbng"c,dkhc vbtcldog.NhngtcgiLcVnTin,du bitlsaimvnphidng,chobtvncvi ch"rng" cusau,(vclvimtchno cutrc,bthtlc).40Giitmvnth nhNguynDu,m cngcln phi lmnh haitcgitrn.Hyxembncu:3 l ChrnrinhcnmtchtnyChng cm chovng,li giy chotan Cnnhiuni chanchan 3164Hay g vycnhhoatnmchi...V vn "n i chan chan", LVnHebnh lun:"Cnnhiunichanchan.Cnnhiu u? n il g?Dmchcrnghinh vy,ThyKiudc sng li cng khng pni".NguynThchGiangthchging"chanchan: trn tr,y ry'\mkhngbnhlungthm.Theoti,LVnHe hiusailinicaKiu. KiuuchahnviKim,lcnnhiuni,hoc boKiml"anhcnnhiuni(viThyVn),vy, vicgphivycnhhoatnny?".Tichorng,coi bacu3161,3162,v3163linvinhau,thngha caIcriThyKiustrthnhrrnghcmvhpl hn,cthl:"chtrinhcnmtchtny(tcl khct chuynchngi,gi chomitinhcahai ngicthunkhit),th manh chng cmcho vng,licngiychotan,licninhiunichan chan".Ritny,Kiumiktlun;"Hayhmg (mci)vycnhhoatn",hoc:"hayhmgci chuynvycnhhoatn(mcni),millogic. Nhngdhiutheocchno,thhaich"chanchan"41vncbuctaphinghlNguynDudob vn,nn phidngmtchmclccngkhnghi lnglm.Doquinhngtnghovvn,iutrongth vnlcbt,nnngoibinphpdngchgnng, hochontonkhngthchhphocpvn,tcgi cctcphmvittheothlcbtcnhaydngnhng ch a y,tclnhng ch chthmvo cuth cho s,ch khng nhma thmthngting.Ph binnht lhaich "mt khi", th d:haicutrchtrong truyn"ThchSanh"Thch Sanh ha php tc th Ba ru lin phng mt khi yu xhoc hai cu trch trong tiyn"Phm Cng, CcHoa"Ly giy ph mt xa kia Lm th i mt khi trch chngvkhnhiucutngt trongcctruynkhuyt danhkhc. Ti tnhnh Nguyn Du m cng phimt ln dngbinphp bt c ny;3001Cng nhauly t Gic Duyn B hnh mt l, theo lin mt khi.Haith d"chanchan"v"mtkhi"ny chothy NguynDucngclcbvn,philmtheomts' nhvntmthngkhc,tuycucackhngqu42"ngngh"nhccvkia.Chukhbilngtmvt khtkhehnchtna,cncthtmcvich dngchkhngthangnacaNguynDu,tcl durikhtkhe.lacngch"stot"c5,6 chlcng.Suchcngp,sovihnbanghn haitrmcucnlica"TruynKiu",ulnhng cuvatitnhvcchsdngngnt,vadu dngvmiu,licgieovn,btvnrt chnh, lmttlrtnh,chanhaiphnnghn.Vyrt tkhnngldobvn,mNguynDu"choKim Trngvu quy".Hnna,theo mchvn onny, ta thytmchchobtvnvich"th",cngkhng qu kh. Thdc th vit:Tuy rng vui ch phuth.vthintiNguynDuchcchncIhtmc cchdinthayhcmimkhngphidngsaich. Dusaothtmthitachathbquakhnng"b vn"ny,dn chrt nh.3.Khnngthba,ltcgic'tnhdngch sai,vimldngnhinhno,vchngtacn tmhiudngy.vtcsuyngh,thyngoiba khnngnychngcnkhnngnokhc,nnli chpnhnkhnngnymcoihaich"vuquy"nh mtduvtmtcgi"TruynKiu"tvo chngta nhnra n ca c.E)kimtraiuginhny,chngtatiptc tmthm ccduvtkhc.43HyxemonnivvicKiuli sang IhmKim,saulchittvnh,vthy"haithncn dtichoa cha v".V nng thy:435Sinhva ta nthiuthiuGi chiu nh tnh, gi chiunh m.Ting sen s ng gic he Bng trng x hoa l li gn.Bng khung nh Gip non Thn440Cn ng gic mng m xun m mng. Nng rng:"Khong vng m trng"442V hoa nn phi lnh ng tm hoa...Vhai ch "hoa"ny,LVnHe chgii:'Theo hai ch dng y.th hoatr ngi p, khng c l con trai hay con gi".Ch c haingi,l Kiu v Kim, mKiul ngi itmhoa,i"hoa"nhtnhlKimri,vvim ny, chngta hon tonngviL VnHe.Nhng kh c Ih chp nhn rng;"hoa ngi p, khng c l con aihay con gi".Dng ch "hoa" trbnmy ru, c l c th gii, ch c mnh Nguyn Du.M khng phi c chdng mtln.Hy xem onKiu ianthn, sau khibn mnh, m cui cng cn nh:697Phn du, duvy cng duX lng eo ng by lu mt li!Cng trinh k bit my mi44700V ta khng khi cho ngi d dang Th hoa cha ro chnvng702Li th thi phphng vi hoa!Cngnhvich"hoa"trongcu442,vch "hoa"trongcu702,NguynThchGiangkhnga ra ligiithchno.CnLVnHevnlip tcch gii:"Hoa y tr ngi p,tc l Kim Trng".Chngtacngphicngnhnlchngcncch giitichnokhc,vnhchpnhnn, im,n chclngKim,mbcbim,ntrngip,v ngi lmt chng trai.Lhnng"dngnhm ch" y cnghonton cth