Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 1

March-April 2017

Newsletter of WWF - India, Kerala State Office

2017

NEWSLETTER

KERALA

FROM THE STATE DIRECTOR’S DESK

The project Marine Turtle Conservation in Kerala is progressing well. The ambitious task of setting up a good quality Marine Turtle Interpretation Centre (MTIC) at Kolavipalam under Theeram Prakriti Samrakshana Samithi is moving ahead with the art work progressing at Godfrey’s Graphics. Twelve new information panels and eight photo panels are being made for installation in the MTIC. We are also undertaking a new consultancy project for setting up a Honeybee Museum at Thenmala funded by Thenmala Ecotourism Promotion Society. The technical inputs for the project will be given by WWF and the artistic inputs will be availed from Godfrey’s Graphics by awarding a sub-consultancy. In the month of March, we organized the Urja Kiran programme in the third electoral constituency assigned to us i.e. Vaniyamkulam Gramapanchayat falling under Shornur Constituency in which 70 women from different Kudumbasree units participated in the programme. Our initiatives towards protecting our feathered friends continues in full steam with the session on ‘Bird watching and documentation’ organised at Govt. College, Pattambi led by the Senior Education Officer and attended by around 80 students of the Nature Club. The Volunteer team of WWF- India completed the dry season data collection for the preparation of the Trivandrum Bird Atlas also in March. As in previous years, we conducted the Sparrow Survey in Thiruvananthapuram in connection with World Sparrow Day 2017. Our Volunteers and staff covered 15 sites this time. A slight decline in the total population of the small bird and a notable population shift from within the City to the coastal belt was observed. With the soaring temperatures and drying waterbodies, a small bird bath has also been established in the State Office. Our Volunteer Engagement Programme is also well accepted and moving ahead with a wide range of activities and in the month of March, we conducted an

IMPORTANT NEWS ON NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT

A frog that glows in the dark: Scientists find first of its kind in Amazon basin

The world’s first fluorescent frog has been discovered

in the Amazon basin in Argentina. Scientists at the Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Museum in Buenos Aires made the discovery by accident while studying the pigment of Polka-dot Tree Frogs, a species common to the rainforest. In normal light, the frog appears to have a dull, mottled browny-green skin with red dots, but under UV light it glows a bright fluorescent green. Fluorescence - the ability to absorb light at short wavelengths and re-emit it at longer wavelengths - is uncommon in creatures that live on land. The translucent frog was found to use

activity based sensitization programme on the theme “Forests & Water” through a workshop and rally on 21st and 22nd March 2017, jointly commemorating World Forestry Day and World Water Day at Peet Memorial Training College, Mavelikara attended by 40 Teacher Trainees of the college. As part of volunteering, the participants made placards with the captions on forests and water conservation and took out a public rally on the next day morning. As in previous years, we observed Earth Hour 2017 on the theme ‘Switch Off and Switch to Renewable Energy’ with full-fledged activities ranging from public outreach through sticker distribution, engaging early morning walkers in the Museum Compound, Cyclothon in association with Indus Cycling Embassy and the concluding evening function at Shanghumugham Beach, the highlight being the ‘Fusion Music’ performance and the Switch Off and Candle Light Vigil led by dignitaries. Mr. Sudhir Vyas, IFS, Member of the Board of Trustees of WWF-India visited the Western Ghats Nilgiris Landscape with his family from 6-10 April 2017. Mr. Tiju Thomas from the WGNL Team and the State Director and Senior Education Officer from the State Office accompanied Mr. Vyas on his visit which turned out to be a great sharing and learning experience. Our environment education activities of the two months included delivering invited talks in several forum, the most notable being the Citizen Science Workshop organized for Coastal NGOs by Dept. of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala, putting up exhibition stalls in University College, facilitating visit to Pathiramanal Island of Vembanad Lake for the members of Green Valley Nature Club from Puthuppally, Sunday Bird Walk in April in and around Punchakkari wetlands and support to Mr. Justin, a school student doing an assignment on Tiger Conservation in India and Project Tiger.

Renjan Mathew Varghese, State Director

GLOBAL

2 / Mruthika/ March-April 2017

NATIONAL

North India to get DNA bank for wildlife

North India is all set to get its first DNA bank for wildlife. Scientists at the Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) in Bareilly are in the process of collecting DNA samples of all wild animals to set up the bank. It is expected to help in research and also in bringing down poaching. At present, the Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species (LaCONES) in Hyderabad is the only such facility in the country. (Source: The Hindu, April 7, 2017)

a combination of lymph and glandular emissions to fluoresce. The researchers, who published their discovery on March 13 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found that the trait enhanced the brightness of the frog by 19-29% depending on the level of ambient light in its surroundings.The compound causing the blue-green glow of the Polka-dot Tree Frog was not previously thought to exist in vertebrates and its discovery has excited researchers. “This is very different from fluorophores found in other vertebrates, which are usually proteins or polyenic chains” Maria Gabriella Lagoria, a Photochemist at the University of Buenos Aires and study co-author, told Chemistry World. The discovery opens up the possibility that other amphibians may be able to fluoresce, particularly those with translucent skin similar to that of the Tree Frog. Speaking to the journal Nature, which first published news of the fluorescent frog, co-author Julián Faivovich expressed his hope that the discovery would inspire interest in the phenomenon, saying he hoped scientists would “start carrying a UV flashlight to the field”.

(Source: http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/a-frog-that-glows-in-the-dark-scientists-find-first-of-its-kind-in- amazon-basin/story-BNugovwDo7vC5gpIArNdlK.html)

How a burrowing rodent survives near-suffocation

They are homely, buck-toothed, pink, nearly hairless and just plain weird, but one of the many odd traits of rodents called Naked Mole-Rats that live in subterranean bliss in the deserts of East Africa could someday be of great benefit to people. Scientists on Thursday said the rodents, when deprived of oxygen in their crowded underground burrows, survive by switching to a unique type of metabolism based on the sugar fructose rather than the usual glucose, the only animal known to do so. Metabolising fructose is a plant strategy, and the researchers were surprised to see it in a mammal. They now hope to harness lessons learned from this rodent to design future therapies for people to prevent calamitous damage during heart attacks or strokes when oxygenated blood cannot reach the brain. Naked Mole-Rats, they found, can survive up to 18 minutes with no oxygen and at least five hours in low-oxygen conditions that would kill a person in minutes. (Source: The Hindu, April 21, 2017)

An Elephantine Census after 5 years

Volunteers and wildlife activists will fan out in May across forests and other habitats to count the actual number of wild Elephants in the country. The All-India Synchronised Asian Elephant Population Estimation, will be carried out simultaneously in the southern States from May 16 to 19, and earlier in eastern States, after a five-year gap. In the previous counting exercise in 2012, the estimated population of wild Elephants reported by the Environment Ministry was between 29,391 and 30,711, compared to 27,657 and 27,682 in 2007, the data range indicating the lower and upper bounds. The exercise involves estimating the Elephant numbers through various methods — including direct sample block counts and indirect or line transect dung counts — and the data is used to arrive at a reliable estimate of the actual population range. The protocols have been designed and approved by the Project Elephant Directorate of the Ministry of Environment and Forests. (Source: The Hindu, April 8, 2017)

An avian paradise thrives amid drought

People of the village in Prakasam district do everything they can to provide safety to winged visitors. Fourteen year old Harish is busy putting back a young bird which fell off the nest from a Tamarind tree. Such spectacles are replete in the remote village of Velamavaripalem in the Ballikuravamandal of Prakasam district as the villagers take pride in providing a safe and secure environment for the winged visitors. Painted storks and other birds make it a point to visit the village in the first week of January for nesting, and return in July along with their young ones. “'We don’t harm them. We don’t allow others to do so either” says Village Sarpanch M. Praveen Kumar, who has taken the initiative to sink a borewell in the dry pond, mobilising Rs 4 lakhs to ensure water for the avians during this summer as the district faces severe drought for the third consecutive year. “Our village is more like a mother’s home for these birds which come for breeding and return in July only when the young ones are in a position to fly” adds 65-year-old Pitchaiah. These birds have been breeding at the village since time immemorial. They used to come in thousands till the devastating 1977 Diviseema Super Cyclone which uprooted several big trees in the village, laments villager V. Rosaiah. Their number had come down in recent years as the irrigation canals fed by River Krishna has been receiving dwindling inflows, following the construction of reservoirs by the upper riparian States of Karnataka and Maharashtra, points out V. Venkateswarlu with a tinge of sadness. “We plan to raise fast-growing tree saplings in two acres behind the village school this year to improve the birds’ natural habitat” says the Sarpanch in a conversation with The Hindu. Repairs are being carried out to the Mylavaram Lift Irrigation Scheme at a cost of Rs 1 crore to bring under irrigation 1,800 acres, he adds. (Source: The Hindu 14 March 2017)

Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 3

2,013 ha destroyed in forest fire in 2 months

Forest fire during the January-February period this year has destroyed 2,013.41 hectares in the State causing a loss of Rs. 2,43,258, Minister for Forests K. Raju informed the Assembly on Thursday. Replying to questions, the Minister said steps had been taken to preserve water sources in the forest and conserve rainwater. Besides, the Department had taken steps to dredge water bodies and construct check-dams. Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes A.K. Balan said 4,075 more families would be given land under the Forest Rights Act before March 31. Necessary instructions had been given to the District Collectors. Under the Act, 25,081 persons had been provided 33,778 acres of land. As many as 164 were given community rights and 204 development rights. Steps to provide land to 12,435 Scheduled Tribes families were on and the aim of the Government was to solve the land issue of Adivasis in the next two years, Mr. Balan said. The Minister said the Backward Class Development Corporation would open 10 sub-district offices. (Source: The Hindu, 10 March, 2017)

New tree-living crab species found in Kerala

Scientists have discovered a new species of long legged, tree-dwelling crabs in Western Ghats of Kerala. The new species named Kanimaranjandu after the Kani tribe in Kerala, are substantially different from other congeners. The characteristic traits of the crab include the structure of its hard upper shell, its male abdominal structure and reproductive parts and diagnostic elongated walking legs, which no other genus has, said researchers from University of Kerala. This is the first report of its kind to offer a record of an arboreal crab — a species that lives in trees. The survey of the freshwater crab fauna started in 2014 in the Westerns Ghats in Kerala. People from the Kani tribe reported sightings of ‘long legged’ tree crabs in the area. After a year, researchers were finally able to capture a female specimen and later a large adult male. “As water holding hollows in large trees are essential for the survival of this unique species, the discovery also stress the need for conservation of large trees in the degraded forest ecosystems of the Western Ghats” said Bijukumar of University of Kerala. “It also highlights how little we know about the actual biodiversity that resides in these forests and the efforts that must still be made to find and study the many undoubted new species that still live there,” Kumar said. The finding was published in the Journal of Crustacean Biology. (Source: The Hindu, 5 April, 2017)

A frog’s mucus could treat flu

Kerala amphibian’s slime proves to be lethal against various viruses, says study. Skin mucus secreted by a colourful,

tennis ball-sized frog species found in Kerala can be used to develop an anti-viral drug that can treat various strains of flu, according to a new study. Frog mucus is loaded with molecules that kill bacteria and viruses and researchers are beginning to investigate it as a potential source for new anti-microbial drugs. The “host defence peptides”, found in the frog species (Hydrophylax bahuvistara) native to Kerala can destroy many strains of human flu and protect mice against flu infection, researchers found. An international team of researchers, including those from Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology in Kerala, screened about 32 frog defence peptides against an influenza strain and found that four of them had flu-busting abilities. When researchers delivered small electric shocks, they collected the secretion that contained a peptide, or chain of amino acids, that appears to fight off the H1 strain of flu virus. The researchers named the newly identified peptide “Urumin” after the Urumi, a sword with a flexible blade that snaps and bends like a whip. Electron microscope images of the virus after exposure to Urumin reveal a virus that has been completely dismantled, researchers said. Urumin is not toxic to mammals, but “appears to only disrupt the integrity of flu virus”. When researchers squeezed some Urumin into the noses of lab mice, the peptide protected them against what would have otherwise been a lethal dose of H1 flu virus, the kind responsible for the 2009 Swine Flu pandemic. It seems to work by binding to a protein that is identical across many influenza strains, and in lab experiments, it was able to neutralise dozens of flu strains, from the 1934 archival viruses up to modern ones, researchers said. More research is needed to determine if Urumin could become a preventive treatment against the flu in humans, and to see if other frog-derived peptides could protect against viruses like dengue and Zika. (Source: The Hindu, 20 April, 2017)

Bid by land lobby to divert water from Chinnar River

An illegal move to divert the east-flowing Chinnar is posing a threat to its very existence. The move by land lobby is to divert the inter-State river water to the Mangayaar stream, a dead stream in Tamil Nadu, via a 700-metre trench. Land grabbers based in Tamil Nadu have already constructed a four-metre deep, three-metre wide trench along 80 metres in length. The Kerala Forest Department has reported the matter to Forest Minister K. Raju and Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan. The Forest Minister told The Hindu that he had already directed Munnar Wildlife Warden G. Prasad to immediately stop the unscientific trench construction. Reports received from Tamil Nadu showed that the trench construction had been taken up by land lobby, keeping the Tamil Nadu Government in the dark, he said. (Source: The Hindu, April 14, 2017).

STATE

4 / Mruthika/ March-April 2017

Match the following Wildlife Sanctuaries/ National Parks with their respective States.

CHILDREN'S CORNER

MEMBER’S DESK

s‑S‑b‑p‑ï‑v. s‑h‑Å‑¨‑m‑«‑¯‑n‑s‑e ]‑m‑d‑IÄ‑¡‑n‑S‑b‑n P‑o‑h‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ Vanni malabarica C‑X‑p‑h‑s‑c A‑X‑n‑c‑¸‑Å‑n‑b‑n a‑m‑{‑X‑t‑a I‑ï‑n‑«‑p‑Å‑p. C‑¯‑c‑¯‑n F‑{‑X‑s‑b‑{‑X I‑m‑S‑p‑I‑f‑n D‑Å s‑s‑P‑h s‑s‑h‑h‑n‑²‑y‑w \‑½‑p‑s‑S A‑Ú‑X I‑m‑c‑W‑w \‑m‑w C‑X‑n‑\‑I‑w \‑ã‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑n. C‑\‑n‑s‑b‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w I‑m‑S‑p‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S h‑e‑n‑¸‑a‑à A‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S ]‑m‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n‑I {‑]‑m‑[‑m‑\‑y‑w B‑W‑v ]T‑\ h‑n‑j‑b‑w B‑t‑¡‑ï‑s‑X‑¶ X‑n‑c‑n‑¨‑d‑n‑h‑v \‑a‑p‑¡‑p‑ï‑m‑I‑s‑«. a‑mÀ‑¨‑v 21 t‑e‑m‑I h‑\‑Z‑n‑\‑w B‑b‑n b‑p‑s‑s‑W‑ä‑U‑v t‑\‑j³‑k‑v B‑N‑m‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v I‑m‑S‑n‑s‑â \ne\nev]v a‑\‑p‑j‑y‑I‑p‑e‑¯‑n‑\v F‑{‑X‑t‑¯‑m‑f‑w {‑]‑[‑m‑\‑a‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑v X‑n‑c‑n‑¨‑d‑n‑ª‑X‑v s‑I‑m‑ï‑m‑W‑v. I‑g‑n‑ª hÀ‑j‑s‑¯ c‑q‑£‑a‑m‑b N‑q‑S‑p‑w h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑p‑w \‑a‑p‑s‑¡‑m‑c‑p H‑mÀ‑a‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯Â B‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p. {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑s‑b k‑w‑c‑£‑n‑¡‑W‑w F‑¶ H‑mÀ‑a‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯Â. I‑m‑S‑p‑IÄ‑¡‑v \‑½‑p‑s‑S P‑o‑h‑n‑X‑¯‑n D‑Å Ø‑m‑\‑w k‑v‑I‑qÄ X‑e‑¯‑n X‑s‑¶ \‑m‑w I‑p‑«‑n‑I‑s‑f t‑_‑m‑[‑y‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑m³ {‑i‑a‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. \‑i‑n‑¨‑p t‑]‑m‑b I‑m‑S‑n‑s‑\ ]‑p‑\‑Ø‑m‑]‑n‑¡‑m³ A‑{‑X F‑f‑p‑¸‑aÃ. A‑t‑¸‑mÄ \‑i‑n‑¨‑p t‑]‑m‑b s‑s‑P‑h s‑s‑h‑h‑n‑²‑y‑s‑¯ X‑n‑c‑n‑s‑¨‑¯‑n‑¡‑p‑I F‑¶‑t‑X‑m? h‑\‑§fmW‑v `‑q‑a‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S P‑ek‑w‑`‑c‑W‑n‑IÄ. s‑]‑b‑v‑Xv H‑g‑p‑I‑n t‑]‑m‑t‑h‑ï a‑g‑b‑v‑¡‑v ̀ ‑q‑a‑n‑b‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v C‑d‑§‑m³ h‑g‑n I‑m‑W‑n‑¨‑p s‑I‑m‑S‑p‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v a‑c‑§Ä B‑W‑v. G‑ä‑h‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X P‑e‑w k‑q‑£‑n‑¨‑p s‑h‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑p ]‑pÂ‑t‑a‑S‑p‑IÄ B‑W‑v. X‑s‑â \‑m‑c‑p t‑h‑c‑p ]‑S‑e‑¯‑n‑e‑q‑s‑S a‑t‑ä‑X‑v h‑r‑£‑t‑¯‑¡‑m‑f‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X‑e‑m‑b‑n P‑e‑¯‑n‑\‑p a‑®‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v F‑¯‑m³ ]‑pÂ‑t‑a‑S‑p‑IÄ h‑g‑n \Â‑I‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. I‑m‑S‑p‑IÄ k‑w‑`‑c‑n‑¨‑p s‑h‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑¶ P‑e‑a‑m‑W‑v ]‑p‑g‑IÄ h‑g‑n \‑a‑p‑¡‑v h‑n‑«‑p \Â‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑v. A‑X‑v t‑]‑m‑e‑p‑w t‑h‑ï t‑]‑m‑s‑e k‑w‑c‑£‑n‑¡‑m³ I‑g‑n‑b‑m‑¯‑hÀ B‑W‑v \‑½Ä. \‑½‑p‑s‑S I‑n‑W‑d‑p‑I‑f‑n‑e‑p‑w I‑p‑f‑§‑f‑n‑e‑p‑w A‑\‑p‑Z‑n‑\‑w P‑e‑\‑n‑c‑¸‑v X‑m‑g‑v‑¶‑p s‑I‑m‑ï‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. \‑ã‑a‑m‑I‑p‑¶ P‑e ‑h‑\ k‑‑¼‑¯‑p‑I‑s‑f I‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑v C‑\‑n‑b‑p‑w t‑_‑m‑[‑h‑m³‑a‑mÀ B‑b‑n‑s‑Ã‑¦‑n A‑X‑n‑P‑o‑h‑\‑w A‑k‑m‑[‑y‑w B‑b‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑s‑a‑¶‑v t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑IÄ \‑a‑p‑¡‑v a‑p‑¶‑d‑n‑b‑n‑¸‑v X‑c‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. C‑h‑n‑s‑S `‑c‑W‑I‑q‑S‑§Ä‑¡‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑à s‑]‑m‑X‑p‑P‑\‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w D‑¯‑c‑h‑m‑Z‑n‑¯‑a‑p‑ï‑v. i‑p‑²‑a‑m‑b I‑p‑S‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑w‑, i‑p‑² h‑m‑b‑p A‑h‑I‑m‑i‑s‑a‑¶ t‑]‑m‑s‑e A‑h k‑w‑c‑£‑n‑t‑¡‑ï‑X‑v \‑½‑p‑s‑S I‑S‑a‑b‑m‑W‑v.

s‑j‑a‑o‑\ F‑k‑v.

SPECIES OF THE ISSUE

Malabar Trogon (X‑o‑¡‑m‑¡) (Harpactes fasciatus)

(Hints: 1. Assam 2. Gujarat 3. Assam 4. Bengal 5. Kerala 6. Madhya Pradesh 7. Rajasthan 8. Madhya Pradesh 9. Rajasthan 10. Odisha 11. Rajasthan)

Sl. No WLS/NPs State

1 Kaziranga Wildlife sanctuary Odisha

2 Gir National Park Rajasthan

3 Manas Wildlife Sanctuary Rajasthan

4 Sunderbans National Park Madhya Pradesh

5 Periyar Tiger Reserve Madhya Pradesh

6 Kanha National Park Rajasthan

7 Ranthambore National Park Assam

8 Bandhavgarh National Park Gujarat

9 Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary Assam

10 Chilka Bird Sanctuary Bengal

11 Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary Kerala

]m‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n H‑c‑p‑]‑m‑S‑v NÀ‑¨ s‑N‑¿‑s‑¸t‑S‑ï c‑ï‑v Z‑n‑\‑§‑f‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n B‑W‑v a‑mÀ‑¨‑v a‑m‑k‑w I‑S‑¶‑p t‑]‑m‑h‑p‑¶‑X‑v. a‑mÀ‑¨‑v 21

A‑´‑m‑c‑m‑{‑ã h‑\‑Z‑n‑\‑w‑, a‑mÀ‑¨‑v 22 t‑e‑m‑I P‑e‑Z‑n‑\‑w. C‑u hÀ‑j‑s‑¯ t‑e‑m‑I h‑\‑Z‑n‑\‑¯‑n t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n‑s‑e s‑s‑h‑Z‑y‑p‑X a‑{‑´‑n‑b‑p‑t‑S‑X‑m‑b‑n ]‑{‑X‑§‑f‑n h‑¶ H‑c‑p {‑]‑k‑v‑X‑m‑h‑\ h‑f‑s‑c‑t‑b‑s‑d ‑{‑i‑² AÀ‑l‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v ‑"h‑\‑w \‑ã‑s‑]‑S‑p‑¶‑X‑n h‑Ã‑y I‑m‑c‑y‑s‑a‑m‑¶‑p‑w C‑Ã. s‑s‑h‑Z‑y‑p‑X‑n t‑h‑W‑s‑a‑¦‑n I‑p‑d‑¨‑v h‑\‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w \‑ã‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑w' F‑¶‑n‑§‑s‑\ B‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p A‑X‑v. \‑n‑b‑a‑k‑`‑b‑n H‑c‑p k‑_‑v‑a‑n‑j‑\‑p a‑d‑p‑]‑S‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n«mWv A‑X‑n‑c‑¸‑Å‑n P‑e s‑s‑h‑Z‑y‑p‑X ]‑²‑X‑n‑¡‑m‑b‑n Ø‑e‑w G‑s‑ä‑S‑p‑¡‑p‑¶‑p F‑¶ c‑o‑X‑n‑b‑n F‑g‑p‑X‑n X‑b‑m‑d‑m‑¡‑n‑b D‑¯‑c‑w \Â‑I‑n‑b‑X‑v. t‑N‑m‑Z‑y‑a‑n‑X‑m‑W‑v ""h‑\‑w C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m‑b‑m P‑e‑a‑p‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑t‑a‑m?'' a‑c‑§Ä I‑q‑S‑n \‑n‑¶‑m I‑m‑S‑m‑s‑b‑¶‑v A‑_‑²‑[‑m‑c‑W s‑h‑¨‑v ]‑p‑eÀ‑¯‑p‑¶ H‑c‑p k‑a‑q‑l‑¯‑n B‑W‑v \‑m‑w P‑o‑h‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v. C‑S‑X‑qÀ‑¶‑v \‑nev‑¡‑p‑¶ a‑c‑§‑f‑p‑w ]‑pÂ‑t‑a‑S‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w s‑a‑m‑« I‑p‑¶‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w ]‑m‑d‑¡‑q‑«‑§‑f‑p‑w F‑Ã‑m‑w DÄ‑s‑¸S‑p‑t‑¼‑m‑g‑m‑W‑v h‑\‑§Ä Bh‑p‑I. I‑m‑S‑v F‑¶‑m a‑c‑§Ä a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑m‑s‑W‑¶ I‑W‑¡‑p I‑q‑«‑e‑n‑s‑\ a‑ï‑¯‑c‑w F‑¶‑Ã‑m‑s‑X F‑´‑m h‑n‑f‑n‑¡‑p‑I? a‑c‑§Ä a\‑p‑j‑y‑s‑â H‑m‑I‑v‑k‑n‑P³ k‑n‑e‑ïÀ a‑m‑{‑X‑w B‑s‑W‑¶ [‑m‑c‑W B‑W‑v a‑m‑t‑d‑ï‑X‑v. I‑m‑S‑p‑I‑f‑n‑s‑e s‑s‑P‑h s‑s‑h‑h‑n‑²‑y‑w F‑S‑p‑¯‑p ]‑d‑t‑b‑ï‑X‑m‑W‑v. A‑X‑n‑c‑¸‑Å‑n ]‑²‑X‑n X‑s‑¶ D‑Z‑m‑l‑c‑W‑a‑m‑b‑n F‑S‑p‑¡‑p‑I‑b‑m‑s‑W‑¦‑n ]‑²‑X‑n {‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑w DÄ‑s‑]‑S‑p‑¶ A‑X‑n‑c‑¸‑Å‑n ‑h‑m‑g‑¨‑m {‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑¯‑v I‑m‑W‑p‑¶ A‑]‑qÀ‑h‑b‑n‑\‑w P‑o‑h‑n‑IÄ X‑oÀ‑¨‑b‑m‑b‑p‑w {‑]‑m‑[‑m‑\‑y‑w AÀ‑l‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v. P‑o‑h‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ t‑^‑m‑k‑n‑e‑p‑IÄ F‑¶‑d‑n‑b‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¶ ]‑m‑X‑m‑f X‑h‑f (Purple Frog, Nasikabtarachus sahyadrensis‑)‑, A‑X‑n‑c‑]‑Å‑n c‑m‑¯‑h‑f (Nyctibtarachus athirappillyensis‑) C‑s‑X‑m‑¶‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑m‑s‑X ]T‑\‑§Ä \‑S‑¯‑n‑b‑n‑«‑n‑Ã‑m‑¯‑X‑p s‑I‑m‑ï‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑w \‑m‑w X‑n‑c‑n‑¨‑d‑n‑ª‑n‑«‑n‑Ã‑m‑¯ F‑{‑X‑t‑b‑m k‑k‑y ‑P‑o‑h‑n hÀ‑¤‑§Ä C‑h‑n‑

t‑{‑S‑m‑t‑K‑m‑W‑n‑t‑^‑m‑s‑a‑k‑v ]‑£‑n t‑K‑m‑{‑X‑¯‑n‑s‑e t‑{‑S‑m‑t‑K‑m‑W‑n‑s‑U I‑p‑S‑p‑w‑_‑¯‑nÂ‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¶‑p H‑c‑n‑\‑w I‑m‑«‑p‑]‑£‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v X‑o‑¡‑m‑¡. C‑u ]‑£‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S i‑m‑k‑v‑{‑X‑\‑m‑a‑w l‑mÀ‑]‑m‑s‑Î‑k‑v ̂ ‑m‑k‑n‑t‑b‑ä‑k‑v F‑¶‑m‑W‑v. A‑k‑m‑[‑m‑c‑W hÀ‑W‑`‑w‑K‑n‑b‑p‑Å X‑o‑¡‑m‑¡‑b‑v‑¡‑v I‑m‑«‑p‑s‑s‑a‑\‑t‑b‑m‑f‑w h‑e‑n‑¸‑a‑p‑ï‑v. N‑p‑ï‑n‑s‑â A‑ä‑w a‑p‑XÂ h‑m‑e‑ä‑w h‑s‑c a‑p‑¸‑X‑p s‑kâ‑n‑a‑o‑ä‑t‑d‑m‑f‑w \‑o‑f‑w h‑c‑p‑w.

Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 5

EXPERTS TALK

B¬‑]‑£‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S X‑e‑, I‑g‑p‑¯‑v F‑¶‑o `‑m‑K‑§‑f‑n I‑d‑p‑¸‑p‑\‑n‑d‑a‑m‑W‑v. X‑h‑n‑«‑p \‑n‑d‑¯‑n‑e‑p‑Å a‑m‑d‑n a‑m‑e t‑]‑m‑s‑e H‑c‑p s‑h‑Å‑¸‑«‑b‑p‑ï‑v. a‑m‑d‑n‑s‑â A‑S‑n‑`‑m‑K‑¯‑n‑\‑v I‑S‑p‑w N‑p‑h‑¸‑p \‑n‑d‑a‑m‑b‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑w. ]‑£‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S ]‑p‑d‑w‑`‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w ]‑q‑«‑n‑b h‑m‑e‑n‑s‑â D‑]‑c‑n‑`‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w a‑ª‑I‑eÀ‑¶ X‑h‑n‑«‑p‑\‑n‑d‑a‑m‑W‑v. I‑d‑p‑¸‑p‑\‑n‑d‑a‑p‑Å N‑n‑d‑I‑p‑I‑f‑n \‑n‑c‑h‑[‑n t‑\‑c‑n‑b s‑h‑Å‑h‑c‑IÄ I‑m‑W‑m‑w. h‑m‑e‑n‑s‑â C‑c‑p ]‑mÀ‑i‑z‑§‑f‑n‑e‑p‑a‑p‑Å X‑q‑h‑e‑p‑I‑f‑n a‑q‑s‑¶‑®‑w h‑o‑X‑w s‑h‑Å \‑n‑d‑¯‑n‑e‑p‑Å‑X‑m‑b‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑w. A‑X‑n‑\‑m ]‑£‑n‑s‑b A‑S‑n‑h‑i‑¯‑p \‑n‑¶‑p t‑\‑m‑¡‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ h‑m s‑h‑Å‑b‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑p t‑X‑m‑¶‑p‑w. s‑]¬‑]‑£‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S A‑S‑n‑h‑i‑¯‑n‑\‑v a‑ª‑I‑eÀ‑¶ C‑f‑w X‑h‑n‑«‑p‑\‑n‑d‑a‑m‑W‑v; X‑e‑b‑p‑w I‑g‑p‑¯‑p‑w I‑S‑p‑w X‑h‑n‑«‑p‑\‑n‑d‑h‑p‑w. X‑o‑¡‑m‑¡‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S X‑e X‑S‑n‑¨‑X‑p‑w a‑qÀ‑²‑m‑h‑v ]‑c‑¶‑X‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v. N‑p‑ï‑v ]‑c‑¶‑X‑p‑w X‑m‑c‑X‑t‑a‑y‑\ I‑p‑d‑p‑I‑n‑b‑X‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v. h‑f‑s‑c I‑p‑d‑p‑I‑n‑b I‑m‑e‑p‑I‑f‑n‑s‑e h‑n‑c‑e‑p‑I‑f‑n c‑s‑ï‑®‑w a‑p‑¶‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑p‑w c‑s‑ï‑®‑w ]‑n‑¶‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑p‑w X‑n‑c‑n‑ª‑p \‑n‑e‑v‑¡‑p‑¶ c‑o‑X‑n‑b‑n‑e‑m‑W‑v {‑I‑a‑o‑I‑c‑n‑¨‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v. h‑m‑e‑n‑\‑v 15 s‑kâ‑n‑a‑o‑ä‑t‑d‑m‑f‑w \‑o‑f‑a‑p‑ï‑m‑b‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑w. C‑X‑n‑s‑â A‑ä‑w h‑o‑X‑n I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑X‑p‑w D‑f‑n‑h‑¨‑p I‑p‑d‑p‑s‑I a‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑t‑]‑m‑s‑e t‑X‑m‑¶‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v. X‑o‑¡‑m‑¡‑IÄ A‑[‑n‑I‑k‑a‑b‑h‑p‑w a‑c‑s‑¡‑m‑¼‑p‑I‑f‑n \‑n‑Ý‑e‑c‑m‑b‑n‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ A‑e‑k‑c‑m‑b ]‑£‑n‑I‑f‑m‑W‑v. C‑h s‑N‑d‑p {‑]‑m‑W‑n‑I‑s‑f ]‑n³‑X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑v ]‑n‑S‑n‑¨‑p `‑£‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p.

k‑n‑b‑m‑Z‑v F. I‑c‑n‑w

hcĨ AIhpw ]pdhpw \mw F´v ]Tn¨p?tUm. h‑n. k‑p`‑mjv N{μt‑_mkv

M.A, B.Ed. LLB, MBA, MSW, Phd subhashchandraboss@yahoo.com

A¶‑v‑, a‑q‑¶‑p‑d‑m‑ï‑p‑IÄ‑¡‑v a‑p³‑]‑v H‑c‑p t‑X‑m‑a‑k‑v ̂ ‑p‑ÅÀ (Thomas Fuler:1654-1734-)‑, I‑n‑WÀ h‑ä‑p‑w h‑s‑c \‑½‑s‑f‑m‑c‑n‑¡‑e‑p‑w

s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n‑s‑â a‑q‑e‑y‑w A‑d‑n‑b‑n‑Ã F‑¶‑v ]‑d‑ª‑p‑h‑¨‑p.

C‑¶‑v‑, \‑m‑k‑b‑n‑s‑e P‑b‑n‑w‑k‑v l‑m³‑s‑k‑\‑p‑w (James Hansen‑) ]‑X‑n‑s‑\‑m‑¶‑w‑K k‑w‑L‑h‑p‑w ]‑d‑b‑p‑¶‑p‑, H‑c‑p e£‑¯‑n ]‑X‑n‑\‑©‑m‑b‑n‑c‑w hÀ‑j‑§Ä‑¡‑n‑S‑b‑n `‑q‑a‑n A‑\‑p‑`‑h‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ G‑ä‑h‑p‑w h‑e‑n‑b N‑q‑S‑v C‑X‑m I‑½‑p‑¶‑nÂ.

c‑ï‑v t‑¥‑j‑y ]‑n‑c‑n‑U‑p‑IÄ (l‑n‑a‑b‑p‑K‑§Ä‑¡‑n‑S‑b‑ne‑p‑Å \‑mÂ‑¸‑¯‑©‑m‑b‑n‑c‑w hÀ‑j‑w a‑p³‑]‑p‑w `‑q‑a‑n C‑X‑p t‑]‑m‑s‑e N‑q‑S‑m‑b‑n. A‑t‑¸‑mÄ I‑SÂ‑\‑n‑c‑¸‑v 6‑9 a‑o‑äÀ D‑bÀ‑¶‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p. ]‑s‑£‑, A‑¶‑s‑¯ N‑q‑S‑v I‑q‑S‑e‑n a‑\‑pj‑y‑c‑p‑s‑S C‑S‑s‑]‑S‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S Ø‑m‑\‑w I‑p‑d‑h‑m‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p. C‑¶‑m‑I‑s‑« a‑\‑p‑j‑y‑c‑p‑s‑S h‑n‑I‑e‑a‑m‑b h‑n‑I‑k‑\ C‑S‑s‑]S‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w P‑o‑h‑n‑X‑s‑s‑i‑e‑n‑I‑f‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v {‑]‑[‑m‑\ I‑m‑c‑W §Ä. B‑t‑c‑m‑S‑v ]‑d‑b‑m³? F‑´‑v s‑N‑¿‑m³? B‑c‑v s‑N‑¿‑p‑w? F‑Ã‑m‑h‑c‑p‑w H‑m‑S‑p‑I‑b‑m‑W‑v. \‑nÀ‑¯‑m‑¯ h‑n‑I‑k\ ]‑S‑t‑b‑m‑«‑w. B‑c‑v ]‑n‑S‑n‑¨‑p‑s‑I‑«‑p‑w C‑u h‑n‑I‑e h‑n‑I k‑\ t‑]‑¡‑q‑¯‑p‑I‑s‑f?

B‑b‑n‑c‑¯‑n F‑g‑p‑¶‑q‑d‑p‑I‑f‑n B‑h‑n‑b‑{‑´‑w I‑ï‑p‑]‑nS‑n‑¨‑t‑X‑m‑s‑S‑b‑m‑W‑v a‑\‑p‑j‑yÀ IÂ‑¡‑c‑n h‑y‑m‑]‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑n‑¨‑p‑X‑p‑S‑§‑n‑b‑X‑v. B‑t‑K‑m‑f‑X‑m‑]‑\‑¯‑n‑\‑p‑Å a‑\‑pj‑y‑k‑w‑`‑m‑h‑\‑b‑p‑s‑S B‑Z‑y ]‑¦‑v. s‑]‑t‑{‑S‑m‑f‑n‑b‑w DÂ‑¸‑¶§Ä I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑m‑b‑t‑¸‑mÄ I‑Y‑b‑p‑s‑S t‑h‑K‑X I‑q‑S‑p‑I‑b‑mb‑n. ̀ ‑q‑a‑n‑¡‑v N‑q‑S‑v I‑q‑S‑p‑¶‑p. I‑mÀ‑_¬ N‑I‑s‑¯‑b‑p‑w P‑e‑N‑I‑s‑¯‑b‑p‑w \‑n‑e‑\‑nÀ‑¯‑n‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶ I‑m‑S‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w {‑]‑I‑rX‑n‑Z‑¯ P‑e‑t‑{‑k‑m‑X‑k‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m‑b‑t‑¸‑mÄ `‑q‑a‑n‑b‑ps‑S‑b‑p‑w A‑´‑c‑o‑£‑¯‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w X‑m‑f‑h‑p‑w {‑I‑a‑h‑p‑w s‑X‑ä‑n. a‑e‑n‑\‑o‑I‑c‑W‑w I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑m‑b‑t‑¸‑mÄ \‑m‑i‑¯‑n‑s‑â t‑h‑K‑X ]‑n‑s‑¶‑b‑p‑w hÀ‑²‑n‑¨‑p. A‑X‑v B‑t‑K‑m‑f‑I‑Y.

C‑h‑n‑s‑S t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑nÂ‑, a‑g‑b‑p‑s‑S \‑m‑«‑nÂ‑, a¬‑k‑qW‑n‑s‑â I‑h‑m‑S‑¯‑nÂ‑, \‑q‑ä‑n‑]‑X‑n‑\‑©‑v hÀ‑j‑§Ä‑¡‑n‑¸‑p‑d‑w a‑g a‑m‑d‑n‑b‑X‑v \‑m‑w A‑\‑p‑`‑h‑n‑¨‑p.

I‑m‑e‑hÀ‑j‑¯‑n \‑mÂ‑]X‑v i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑h‑p‑w X‑p‑e‑m‑hÀ‑j‑¯‑n A‑d‑p‑]‑X‑v i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑h‑p‑w I‑p‑d‑h‑p‑ï‑m‑b‑n. t‑h‑\Â‑a‑g‑b‑p‑w I‑m‑c‑y‑a‑m‑b‑n e‑`‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã. I‑W‑n‑s‑¡‑m‑¶‑b‑p‑w a‑m‑h‑p‑w ¹‑m‑h‑p‑w h‑r‑£‑e‑X‑m‑Z‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑m‑e‑w‑a‑m‑d‑n ]‑q‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑, I‑m‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑¶‑p.

t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑n‑t‑e‑ä‑h‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X a‑g e‑`‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ c‑m‑P‑y §‑f‑m‑b _‑k‑oÂ‑, l‑h‑m‑b‑v (2800 a‑n.a‑o‑äÀ hÀ‑j‑w t‑X‑md‑p‑w‑) F‑¶‑n‑h‑s‑b‑¡‑mÄ a‑g‑b‑p‑Å (3100 a‑n.a‑o‑äÀ hÀ‑j‑w t‑X‑m‑d‑p‑w‑)‑, c‑m‑P‑y‑¯‑v e‑`‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ a‑g‑t‑b‑¡‑mÄ (1100 a‑n.a‑o äÀ hÀ‑j‑w t‑X‑m‑d‑p‑w‑) c‑ï‑c‑b‑n‑c‑«‑n a‑g I‑n‑«‑p‑¶ t‑I‑c‑f‑w. \‑m‑e‑v‑]‑¯‑n‑\‑m‑e‑v \‑Z‑n‑IÄ‑, ]‑p‑g‑IÄ‑, t‑X‑m‑S‑p‑IÄ‑, B‑b‑nc‑¡‑W‑¡‑n‑\‑v I‑p‑f‑§Ä‑, I‑m‑b‑e‑p‑IÄ‑, A‑c‑p‑h‑n‑IÄ‑, \‑à h‑\‑§Ä‑, F‑Ã‑m‑w s‑I‑m‑ï‑p‑w k‑¼‑¶‑w. ]‑s‑£ F‑h‑ns‑S‑t‑b‑m ]‑n‑g‑¨‑p. F‑h‑n‑s‑S‑b‑m‑W‑v?

s‑X‑f‑n‑\‑o‑c‑p‑Å I‑p‑f‑§‑f‑p‑w a‑ä‑v P‑e‑t‑{‑k‑m‑X‑Ê‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n‑\‑pÄ‑s‑¸‑s‑S D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑n‑¨‑n‑c‑p‑¶ \‑m‑S‑m‑W‑v \‑½‑p‑t‑S‑X‑v. D‑]‑c‑n‑X‑e P‑e‑k‑m‑X‑k‑p‑IÄ I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑Ib‑p‑w a‑e‑n‑\‑a‑m‑h‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑b‑v‑X‑t‑¸‑mÄ X‑p‑d‑¶ I‑n‑Wd‑p‑IÄ h‑y‑m‑]‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n. A‑h h‑ä‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ I‑p‑gÂ‑¡‑n‑WÀ F‑¶‑X‑m‑b‑n c‑o‑X‑n. s‑k³‑k‑k‑v {‑]‑I‑m‑c‑w F¬‑]‑X‑v e£‑w I‑p‑S‑p‑w‑_‑§Ä‑¡‑m‑b‑n G‑I‑t‑Z‑i‑w s‑X‑m‑®‑qd‑v e‑£‑v t‑¯‑m‑f‑w X‑p‑d‑¶ I‑n‑W‑d‑p‑IÄ D‑ï‑t‑{‑X. F‑g‑p‑]‑X‑v i‑Xa‑m‑\‑w P‑\‑§‑f‑p‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n‑\‑m‑b‑n X‑p‑d‑¶ I‑n‑W‑d‑pIÄ D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. h‑cÄ‑¨‑¡‑m‑e‑s‑¯ ̀ ‑q‑P‑e‑\‑n‑c‑¸‑v {‑I‑a‑m‑X‑o‑X‑a‑m‑b‑n X‑m‑g‑p‑¶ A‑h‑Ø‑b‑m‑W‑p‑Å‑X‑v. \‑m‑S‑v h‑cf‑p‑¶‑p. \‑m‑S‑n‑\‑p‑w \‑m‑«‑mÀ‑¡‑p‑w (k‑k‑y‑, P‑´‑p‑, a‑\‑p‑j‑yP‑mX‑n‑IÄ‑¡‑m‑s‑I‑) Z‑m‑l‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. `‑q‑P‑e‑\‑n‑c‑¸‑v c‑ï‑v a‑p‑X \‑m‑e‑v a‑o‑äÀ h‑s‑c I‑p‑d‑ª‑p. \‑Z‑n‑t‑b‑m‑f‑§Ä I‑m‑ä‑n‑s‑â I‑m‑X‑n‑t‑e‑m‑X‑n: I‑S‑e‑n‑t‑\‑m‑S‑v ]‑d‑b‑W‑w‑, H‑g‑p‑I‑n‑s‑b‑¯‑m³ i‑a‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v‑, ]‑t‑£ I‑g‑n‑b‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã‑, F‑¶‑v. A‑t‑¸‑mÄ a¬‑X‑c‑n‑IÄ a‑c‑p‑`‑q‑a‑n‑t‑b‑m‑S‑v aÀ‑½‑c‑¯‑n‑t‑eÀ‑s‑¸‑«‑p‑I‑g‑nª‑p. \‑Z‑n‑I‑f‑n \‑o‑s‑c‑m‑g‑p‑¡‑v \‑n‑e‑¨‑X‑n‑\‑m a‑n‑\‑n‑a‑w ^‑v‑t‑f‑m D‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã. a‑n‑\‑n‑a‑w ^‑v‑t‑f‑m \‑n‑e‑¨‑m ]‑n‑s‑¶ \‑Z‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S a‑c‑W‑a‑W‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S B‑Z‑y a‑p‑g‑¡‑a‑m‑b‑n. \‑m‑e‑mb‑n‑c‑w hÀ‑j‑§Ä‑¡‑v a‑p³‑]‑v k‑c‑k‑z‑X‑n‑\‑Z‑n C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m‑bt‑¸‑mÄ s‑I‑m‑ï‑p‑t‑]‑m‑b‑X‑v l‑m‑c‑¸‑v k‑w‑k‑v‑I‑m‑c‑s‑¯‑¡‑qS‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v. ̂ ‑v‑t‑f‑m I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ I‑S‑e‑n‑s‑e D‑¸‑p‑s‑h‑Å‑w I‑c‑b‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v I‑b‑d‑p‑w. a‑®‑n I‑e‑c‑p‑¶ D‑¸‑p‑s‑h‑Å‑¯‑ns‑e s‑h‑Å‑w B‑h‑n‑b‑m‑b‑p‑w D‑uÀ‑¶‑n‑d‑§‑n‑b‑p‑w t‑]‑m‑I‑pI‑b‑p‑w D‑¸‑v a‑®‑n A‑h‑t‑i‑j‑n‑¨‑v a‑®‑n‑s‑\ D‑u‑j‑c‑a‑m¡‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑w. a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑s‑â ]‑S‑s‑b‑m‑c‑p¡‑§Ä. I‑c‑b‑n‑s‑e ̀ ‑q‑P‑e‑w I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ D‑Å s‑h‑Å ̄ ‑n C‑c‑p‑¼‑v‑, ^‑v‑f‑q‑s‑s‑d‑U‑v‑, t‑¢‑m‑s‑s‑d‑U‑v F‑¶‑n‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S A‑f‑h‑v I‑q‑S‑p‑w.

t‑I‑c‑f‑w h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑w t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S h‑d‑p‑X‑nIÄ‑¡‑p‑w h‑n‑c‑p‑s‑¶‑m‑c‑p‑¡‑n‑b \‑m‑S‑m‑W‑v. a‑s‑ä‑m‑c‑p I‑m‑c‑y‑w I‑q‑S‑n ]‑d‑ª‑n‑«‑v A‑X‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v t‑]‑m‑I‑m‑w. h‑cÄ‑¨‑, s‑h‑Ås‑¸‑m‑¡‑w‑, k‑p‑\‑m‑a‑n‑, ̀ ‑q‑I‑¼‑w‑, X‑p‑S‑§‑n‑b‑h‑s‑b‑Ã‑m‑w {‑]‑I‑rX‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S {‑]‑X‑n‑`‑m‑k‑§‑f‑m‑W‑v. A‑h Z‑p‑c‑´‑h‑p‑w s‑s‑Z‑ht‑I‑m‑]‑h‑p‑s‑a‑m‑¶‑p‑a‑Ã. k‑q‑c‑y‑\‑p‑w `‑q‑a‑n‑¡‑p‑w h‑m‑b‑p‑h‑n‑\‑p‑w s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n‑\‑p‑s‑a‑m‑s‑¡ N‑e‑\‑a‑p‑Å‑n‑S‑t‑¯‑m‑f‑w I‑m‑e‑w C‑¯‑c‑w {‑]‑X‑n‑`‑m‑k‑§‑f‑p‑w D‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑w; D‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w t‑h‑W‑w. N‑e‑\‑a‑n‑s‑Ã‑¦‑n ̀ ‑q‑a‑n‑b‑n‑Ã. ]‑n‑s‑¶‑§‑s‑\ P‑o‑hP‑m‑X‑n‑IÄ? a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑à F‑¡‑m‑e‑h‑p‑w a‑g a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑m‑b‑m‑e‑p‑w s‑h‑b‑n a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑m‑b‑m‑e‑p‑w ]‑ä‑n‑Ã‑t‑Ã‑m. C‑h‑s‑b‑Ã‑m‑w a‑m‑d‑n a‑m‑d‑n h‑t‑c‑ï‑X‑p‑ï‑v. t‑h‑\Â‑¡‑m‑e‑§‑f‑n‑e‑m‑W‑v ]‑p‑j‑v‑]§Ä [‑m‑c‑m‑f‑a‑m‑b‑n h‑n‑c‑n‑b‑p‑¶‑X‑v. h‑r‑£‑e‑X‑m‑Z‑n‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S h‑fÀ‑¨‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑w \‑n‑e‑\‑nÂ‑¸‑n‑\‑p‑a‑p‑Å c‑q‑]‑s‑¸‑S‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w t‑h‑\‑e‑n \‑S‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. a‑®‑n‑s‑e c‑m‑k‑b‑u‑K‑n‑I§Ä t‑hÀ‑]‑n‑c‑n‑ª‑v a‑®‑v i‑p‑²‑a‑m‑I‑m‑\‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X a‑g‑s‑h‑Å‑w I‑c‑p‑X‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑v k‑Ö‑a‑m‑I‑m‑\‑p‑w t‑h‑\ B‑hi‑y‑a‑m‑W‑v. i‑n‑i‑n‑c‑I‑m‑e‑¯‑v s‑]‑m‑g‑n‑b‑p‑¶ C‑e‑I‑f‑p‑w N‑n‑ÃI‑f‑p‑w s‑]‑m‑S‑n‑ª‑v a‑®‑n‑s‑e s‑N‑S‑n‑IÄ‑¡‑v h‑f‑a‑m‑I‑m‑\‑p‑w t‑h‑\ t‑h‑W‑w. t‑h‑\‑e‑n s‑]‑m‑S‑n‑b‑p‑¶ C‑e‑I‑f‑p‑w a‑c¨‑n‑Ã‑I‑f‑p‑w a‑®‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n t‑NÀ‑¶‑v B‑Z‑y a‑g‑I‑f‑n s‑N‑d‑n‑b a¬‑I‑«‑I‑f‑m‑b‑n a‑m‑d‑p‑w. C‑¯‑c‑w a¬‑I‑«‑I‑f‑n‑s‑e‑Ã‑m‑w‑I‑q‑S‑n t‑I‑m‑S‑n‑¡‑W‑¡‑n‑\‑v e‑n‑äÀ a‑g‑s‑b I‑c‑p‑X‑n‑h‑b‑v‑¡‑m‑\‑p‑w X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑p‑Å t‑h‑\‑e‑n a‑®‑n‑\‑p‑w k‑k‑y‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w \ÂI‑m‑\‑p‑a‑m‑h‑p‑w. a‑®‑m‑W‑v G‑ä‑h‑p‑w h‑e‑n‑b a‑g‑k‑w‑`‑c‑W‑n. ]‑p‑X‑n‑b‑b‑n‑\‑w a‑pÄ‑s‑¨‑S‑n‑IÄ D‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑p‑w ]‑q‑¡‑p ¶‑X‑p‑w t‑h‑\Â‑¡‑m‑e‑¯‑m‑W‑v. A‑s‑X; t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑w a‑g‑b‑p‑w a‑ª‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w a‑m‑d‑n‑a‑m‑d‑n h‑t‑¶ a‑X‑n‑b‑m‑I‑q. Live with flood, Live with drought, Live with Tsunami ‑s‑h‑Å‑s‑¸‑m‑¡‑t‑¯‑ms‑S‑m‑¸‑w‑, h‑cÄ‑¨‑t‑b‑m‑s‑S‑m‑¸‑w‑, k‑p‑\‑m‑a‑n‑s‑¡‑m‑¸‑w P‑o‑h‑n¡‑p‑I; {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑{‑]‑X‑n‑`‑m‑k‑§‑s‑f a‑\‑k‑n‑e‑m‑¡‑n‑, A‑d‑n‑ª‑v‑, P‑o‑h‑n‑¡‑p‑I.

6 / Mruthika/ March-April 2017

ACTIVITIES OF WWF-INDIA KERALA STATE OFFICE

Urja Kiran 2017

Urja Kiran, the Energy Conservation Awareness Campaign (ECAC) of Energy Management Centre, Govt. of Kerala was held in Vaniyamkulam Gramapanchayat falling under Shornur Constituency on 2nd March 2017. Seventy women from different Kudumbasree units participated in the programme. The event was inaugurated by Smt. M.P. Priya, President of the Gramapanchayat. Sri. A.K.Sivakumar, Senior Education Officer, WWF-India, Sri. Murukan Pareparambil, Resource Person of EMC, and Sri. P.P.Krishnan, Lecturer, Electronics & Communication Dept., Victory ITI, Edappal led the sessions.

Landscape Visit with Mr. Sudhir Vyas, Member, Board of Trustees, WWF-India

Mr. Sudhir Vyas, IFS, visited the Western Ghats Nilgiris Landscape with his family from 6-10 April 2017. Mr. Tiju Thomas from the WGNL Team and the State Director and Senior Education Officer from the State Office accompanied Mr. Vyas on his visit and made all logistics

arrangements for his travel, visits and accommodation. It was a really good learning and sharing experience. Mr. Sivakumar, Senior Education Officer of the State Office, being an expert birder too, could share a lot of information with Mr. Vyas and had a great time of interaction. sighting of the Ceylon Frogmouth at Thattekad was the highlight of the visit.

Session on Birdwatching at Pattambi College

The Senior Education Officer was invited to provide a session on “Birdwatching and documentation” at Govt.

{‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑s‑b‑b‑p‑w‑, {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S X‑m‑f‑s‑¯‑b‑p‑w {I‑as‑¯‑b‑p‑w a‑\‑k‑n‑e‑m‑¡‑p‑¶ h‑n‑I‑k‑\‑c‑o‑X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w a‑p‑s‑¶‑mc‑p‑¡‑§‑f‑p‑w X‑b‑m‑s‑d‑S‑p‑¸‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w P‑o‑h‑n‑X‑s‑s‑i‑e‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w c‑q‑]s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑p‑I‑s‑b‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v {‑]‑[‑m‑\‑w. k‑m‑t‑¦‑X‑n‑I‑h‑n‑Z‑y‑m ]c‑nl‑m‑c‑w a‑m‑{‑X‑w t‑X‑S‑n‑b k‑w‑k‑v‑I‑m‑c‑§‑s‑f‑Ã‑m‑w \‑i‑n‑¨‑v a‑®‑S‑n‑ª‑n‑«‑p‑s‑ï‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑v N‑c‑n‑{‑X‑w k‑m‑£‑n. C‑\‑n F‑t‑¸‑m‑g‑p‑w a‑g e‑`‑n‑¨‑m‑e‑p‑w P‑e £‑m‑a‑w ]‑c‑n‑l‑c‑n‑¡‑s‑¸‑S‑n‑Ã‑s‑b‑¶‑v t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑n‑t‑e‑ä‑h‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X a‑g h‑o‑g‑p‑¶ ̀ ‑q‑{‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑§‑f‑m‑b t‑a‑L‑m‑e‑b‑b‑n‑s‑e a‑u‑k‑n³‑d‑m‑a‑p‑w (Maswynram‑) A‑k‑a‑n‑s‑e N‑n‑d‑m‑]‑p‑©‑n‑b‑p‑w \‑t‑½‑m‑S‑v ]‑d‑b‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. i‑à‑a‑m‑b a‑g‑b‑n a‑®‑n‑s‑â L‑S\‑b‑p‑w P‑e‑m‑K‑n‑c‑W‑t‑i‑j‑n‑b‑p‑w \‑ã‑s‑¸‑«‑X‑n‑\‑m a‑g a‑md‑n‑b‑m S‑m‑¦À s‑h‑Å‑a‑m‑W‑v B‑i‑b‑w F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v A‑h‑nS‑p‑s‑¯ Ø‑n‑X‑n. A‑t‑¸‑mÄ F‑{‑X a‑g e‑`‑n‑¨‑p F‑¶‑X‑à A‑h‑s‑b {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑w a‑\‑p‑j‑y‑c‑p‑w F‑§‑s‑\ s‑s‑I‑I‑m‑c‑y‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑¶‑p F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v \‑n‑e‑\‑nÂ‑¸‑n‑\‑v A‑S‑n‑Ø‑m‑\‑w. D‑Åt‑¸‑mÄ I‑c‑p‑X‑p‑I. F‑¦‑n C‑Ã‑m‑¯‑t‑¸‑m‑g‑p‑w {‑]‑i‑v‑\‑a‑n‑Ã.

h‑o‑ï‑p‑w t‑I‑c‑f‑w: h‑\‑w‑, a‑®‑v‑, a‑g‑, P‑e‑w

h‑n‑k‑v‑X‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S F‑g‑p‑]‑X‑v i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑h‑p‑w h‑\‑a‑m‑b‑nc‑p‑¶ t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n C‑t‑¸‑mÄ h‑\‑w ]‑¯‑v i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑¯‑n‑\‑v X‑m‑s‑g a‑m‑{‑X‑w. ¹‑m‑t‑â‑j‑\‑p‑IÄ‑I‑q‑s‑S I‑q‑«‑n I‑W‑s‑¡‑m¸‑n‑¡‑p‑w. I‑S‑e‑m‑k‑n‑e‑p‑ï‑v; ̀ ‑q‑a‑n‑b‑n‑e‑n‑Ã. \‑à B‑h‑m‑k h‑y‑h‑Ø‑m‑]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑e‑\‑¯‑n‑\‑v B‑s‑I h‑n‑k‑v‑X‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S 33 i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑w h‑\‑w t‑h‑W‑w. t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n s‑]‑¿‑p‑¶‑X‑v ]À‑Æ‑X‑P‑\‑y a‑g‑b‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑v (Orographic rainfall‑) I‑m‑e‑m h‑Ø‑m i‑m‑k‑v‑{‑X‑Ú‑\‑m‑b I‑q‑¸¬ (Wladimir Koppen: 1846-1940‑) hÀ‑K‑o‑I‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑ï‑v. I‑S‑e‑n‑s‑e s‑h‑Å‑w \‑o‑c‑m h‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n I‑m‑ä‑n‑s‑â k‑l‑m‑b‑¯‑m X‑n‑c‑Ý‑o‑\‑Z‑n‑i‑b‑n k‑©‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ I‑n‑g‑¡‑v ]‑Ý‑n‑a‑L‑«‑a‑p‑Å‑X‑n‑\‑m A‑t‑X Z‑n‑i‑b‑n t‑]‑m‑I‑m‑\‑m‑I‑m‑s‑X e‑w‑_ Z‑n‑i‑b‑n a‑p‑If‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v t‑]‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑p. a‑e‑\‑n‑c‑I‑f‑n‑s‑e h‑r‑£‑e‑X‑m‑Z‑n‑I‑f‑n X‑«‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑m t‑h‑K‑¯‑n X‑W‑p‑¯‑v \‑à a‑g e‑`‑n‑¡‑p ¶‑p. a‑c‑a‑n‑s‑Ã‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w a‑g‑I‑n‑«‑p‑w F‑¶‑v C‑\‑n B‑c‑p‑w ]‑d‑bc‑p‑X‑v. a‑c‑a‑p‑t‑ï a‑g I‑q‑S‑p‑w.

A‑t‑¸‑mÄ I‑S‑e‑n a‑c‑s‑a‑h‑n‑s‑S? a‑g‑b‑p‑ï‑t‑Ã‑m? i‑c‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v; \‑m‑«‑n I‑m‑S‑v I‑p‑d‑ª‑m I‑S‑e‑n a‑g I‑qS‑p‑w. I‑mÀ‑_¬ U‑t‑b‑m‑I‑v‑s‑s‑k‑U‑v‑, I‑mÀ‑_¬ t‑a‑m‑t‑W‑m I‑v‑s‑s‑k‑U‑v F‑¶‑n‑h A‑´‑c‑o‑£‑¯‑nÂ‑, {‑]‑t‑X‑y‑I‑n‑¨‑v I‑c`‑m‑K‑§‑f‑nÂ‑, hÀ‑²‑n‑¡‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ A‑´‑c‑o‑£‑aÀ‑±‑h‑p‑w hÀ‑²‑n‑¡‑p‑w. X‑m‑c‑X‑t‑a‑y‑\ aÀ‑±‑w I‑p‑d‑h‑m‑b I‑S‑e‑n‑s‑â a‑p‑IÄ ]‑c‑¸‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v \‑o‑c‑m‑h‑n k‑©‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ k‑m‑l‑N‑c‑ya‑p‑ï‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑m I‑c‑b‑n a‑g I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑w. I‑c‑b‑n a‑c§Ä I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ I‑S‑e‑n a‑g I‑q‑S‑p‑¶‑p‑s‑h‑¶‑X‑v \‑à \‑n‑c‑o‑£‑W‑a‑m‑W‑v.

H‑c‑p s‑l‑ÎÀ h‑\‑w a‑p‑¸‑X‑n‑\‑m‑b‑n‑c‑w L‑\ I‑n.a‑o‑äÀ a‑g‑s‑b DÄ‑s‑¡‑m‑Å‑p‑w. H‑c‑p s‑l‑ÎÀ h‑b a‑q‑¶‑v e‑£‑w e‑n‑ä‑d‑p‑w. I‑p‑¶‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑m‑h‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w h‑e‑n‑b P‑e‑k‑w‑`‑c‑W‑n I‑f‑m‑W‑v. "I‑m‑h‑v X‑o‑ï‑s‑à a‑¡‑s‑f‑, I‑p‑S‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑w a‑p‑«‑p‑w' F‑¶‑v a‑p‑¯‑È‑n‑a‑mÀ ]‑t‑ï ]‑d‑ª‑n‑«‑p‑ï‑v. "\‑y‑q‑P‑\‑n‑' F‑´‑v a‑p‑¯‑È‑n‑¡‑Y‑b‑p‑w ]‑g‑s‑a‑m‑g‑n‑b‑p‑w‑!

C‑¶‑s‑¯ a‑p‑¯‑È‑n‑a‑m‑c‑p‑w X‑n‑c‑¡‑n‑e‑m‑W‑v. I‑p‑«‑n‑IÄ H‑m‑S‑p‑I‑b‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v. F‑g‑p‑]‑X‑p‑IÄ a‑p‑X a‑e‑b‑m‑f‑n‑IÄ [‑m‑c‑m‑f‑a‑m‑b‑n h‑n‑t‑Z‑i‑§‑f‑n t‑]‑m‑b‑n \‑à I‑m‑i‑p‑ï‑m‑¡‑n. `‑q‑h‑n‑\‑n‑t‑b‑m‑K‑{‑I‑a‑§‑s‑f A‑«‑n‑a‑d‑n‑¨‑p‑s‑I‑m‑ï‑v d‑_‑d‑pÄ‑s‑¸ s‑S‑b‑p‑Å G‑I‑h‑n‑f‑IÄ c‑w‑K‑{‑]‑t‑h‑i‑w s‑N‑b‑v‑X‑X‑p‑w B I‑m‑e‑b‑f‑h‑n X‑s‑¶‑b‑m‑W‑v. a‑®‑v‑P‑e s‑s‑P‑h‑k‑w‑c £‑W‑w k‑z‑m‑`‑m‑h‑n‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n \‑S‑¶‑n‑c‑p‑¶ _‑l‑p‑h‑n‑f {‑I‑a §Ä G‑I‑h‑n‑f‑IÄ‑¡‑p‑w \‑m‑W‑y‑h‑n‑f‑IÄ‑¡‑p‑w h‑g‑n‑a‑m‑d‑n b‑t‑¸‑m‑t‑g a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑IÄ‑¡‑v X‑p‑S‑¡‑w I‑p‑d‑n ̈ ‑p‑I‑g‑n‑ª‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p. ]‑Ý‑n‑a‑L‑«‑w s‑s‑I‑t‑b‑ä‑¡‑m‑s‑c‑b‑p‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑t‑b‑ä‑¡‑m‑s‑c‑b‑p‑w s‑I‑m‑ï‑v \‑n‑d‑ª‑p \‑m‑«‑n‑s‑e s‑I‑«‑nS‑c‑o‑X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w h‑n‑I‑k‑\ ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑m‑«‑n‑e‑p‑w B‑c‑w `‑n‑¨‑p. X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑n‑t‑§‑m‑«‑v B‑ï‑p‑t‑X‑m‑d‑p‑w ]‑qÀ‑h‑m‑[‑n‑I‑w `‑w‑K‑n b‑m‑b‑n I‑m‑S‑v s‑h‑f‑p‑¸‑n‑¨‑p‑h‑c‑p‑¶‑p. C‑X‑n‑s‑\‑Ã‑m‑w c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑, D‑t‑Z‑y‑m‑K‑Ø‑, k‑m‑a‑q‑Z‑m‑b‑n‑I k‑l‑m‑b‑§‑f‑p‑w k‑w‑c‑£‑W §‑f‑p‑w I‑q‑«‑p‑ï‑v. C‑S‑\‑m‑«‑p‑I‑m‑c‑p‑s‑S k‑l‑m‑b‑k‑l‑I‑c‑W‑w I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑m‑b‑t‑¸‑mÄ I‑m‑«‑n Ø‑n‑c‑X‑m‑a‑k‑a‑n‑Ã‑m‑¯‑hÀ‑¡‑p‑w A‑h‑n‑s‑S d‑n‑t‑k‑mÀ‑«‑p‑w s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑§‑f‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n. h‑¶‑v h‑¶‑v D‑j‑v W‑t‑a‑J‑e‑m a‑g‑¡‑m‑S‑p‑IÄ (Tropical Rain Forest) C‑e‑s‑]‑m g‑n‑b‑p‑w I‑m‑S‑p‑I‑f‑m‑¡‑n (Decidous Forest) \‑m‑w `‑w‑K‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n a‑m‑ä‑n. I‑m‑S‑v F‑¶ B‑h‑m‑k‑h‑y‑h‑Ø‑b‑v‑¡‑v a‑m‑ä‑w k‑w‑`h‑n‑¨‑t‑¸‑mÄ a‑b‑n‑e‑p‑w ]‑p‑e‑n‑b‑p‑w B‑\‑b‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w \‑m‑«‑n‑t‑e ¡‑v C‑d‑§‑p‑I‑b‑m‑b‑n. I‑m‑S‑v I‑b‑d‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑\‑p‑w I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑¶X‑n‑\‑p‑a‑\‑p‑k‑c‑n‑¨‑v a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W‑t‑h‑K‑X‑b‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑¶‑p. A‑§‑s‑\ a‑e‑\‑m‑S‑v i‑c‑n‑b‑m‑b‑n.

(XpScpw)

Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 7

College, Pattambi. The session was organized on 2nd March in the forenoon session at the College and around 80 students of the Nature Club attended the session.

Completion of Bird Atlas

The Volunteer team of WWF-India completed the dry season data collection for the preparation of Trivandrum Bird Atlas by 13th March 2017. It was a 60 days long bird documentation process in the non-forest areas of Thiruvananthapuram district covering preselected 158 sampling sites. With this we have completed both the wet and dry seasons. It was an intensive work involving around 20 Volunteers covering the entire district.

World Sparrow Day

WWF-India, Kerala State Office conducted the third yearly Sparrow Survey in Thiruvananthapuram in connection with World Sparrow Day 2017. Our volunteers and staff covered 15 sites this time and found a slight decline in the total population of the small bird and a population shift from City to coastal belt. The total number fell to 398 from the previous year’s 411. The findings were shared with the media and they covered it very well, alerting public on the loss of our urban biodiversity.

Forests & Water Campaign

As part of our Volunteer Engagement Programme (VEP), Kerala State Office conducted an activity based sensitization programme on the theme “Forests & Water” through a workshop and rally on 21st and 22nd March 2017, commemorating World Forestry Day and World Water Day at Peet Memorial Training College, Mavelikara. The workshop was inaugurated by Smt. Haritha Babu, Member of Alappuzha District Panchayat. An orientation on the importance of forests and water was given on 21st March to the 40 Teacher Trainees of the college by Sri. Renjan Mathew Varghese and A.K.Sivakumar. Smt. Haritha released the poster on “Water Conservation and Forests of Kerala”. After the morning session, the participants were asked to prepare the required collaterals for conducting the public rally on the next day, 22nd March. They made around 50 placards and posters which were very attractive and carried messages to sensitize the public. On 22nd, Dr. Gibby George, Principal of the College flagged off the rally at 9.30am from the college. The rally passed through major junctions and bus stops covering a distance of around 3 kms. It was well appreciated by the public and all the Teachers of the college.

WWF Exhibition Stall in University College

Kerala State Office put up our exhibition stall as part of the 5 day exhibition at University College, Thiruvananthapuram in connection with the Sesquicentennial (1866-2016) from 22nd to 25th March 2017 in the college campus. Mr. Harish Kumar, Administrative Assistant took the lead in putting up the exhibition stall with the support of other volunteers.

8 / Mruthika/ March-April 2017

Published by WWF-India, Kerala State Office, Vanchiyoor P.O., Thiruvananthapuram – 695035 Phone: 0471-2302265, email: wwfklso@gmail.com, Web: wwfindia.org

Computer Graphics: Soft and Soft, Sasthamangalam, Phone: 9447451314, Printed at: New Multi Offset, Tvpm

Mr. G. Vijaya RaghavanMr. Renjan Mathew Varghese

Mr. A.K. Sivakumar

EDITORIAL BOARD

Earth Hour 2017

The Capital City Thiruvananthapuram also joined in Earth Hour with many impactful activities extending along the full day on 25th March from 6.30am to night 9.30am. Earth Hour in Thiruvananthapuram is led by WWF in partnership with Dept. of Environment and Climate Change, Energy Management Centre, NIMS, KSEB Limited, DTPC Thiruvananthapuram, Indus Cycling Embassy and Club FM. The Earth Hour day’s activities kicked off with the Cyclothon organized from Manaveeyam Veedhi under the initiative of Indus Cycling Embassy. Around 60 cyclists, mainly youngsters, took part in the cycle rally starting

from Manaveeyam Veedhi and covering Vellayambalam - Kawdiar and back. The parallel activity was the Walkathon organized for the early morning walkers in the Museum & Zoo Compound. In support of Earth Hour, the walkers, around 300 plus including senior students, middle aged, youngsters and children, put on the “I Support Earth Hour” pledge sticker on their t-shirts. They were also engaged in interactive games on the theme of “Do’s and Don’ts on Energy Conservation and Sustainable Lifestyles”. Around 30 students had the opportunity to take part in the Painting, Poster Design and Story Writing Competition organized as part of Earth Hour on the theme of ‘Switch Off + Switch to Renewable Energy’ at the Museum Auditorium. Justice P. Sathasivam, Hon’ble Governor of Kerala has requested all people of Kerala to observe Earth Hour and has offered his full support to the Earth Hour campaign with the Switch Off in Kerala Raj Bhavan. In the evening main

function at Shanghumugham Beach, the participants were enticed with very soft instrumental music by the team ‘Fusion Music’ conducted by Mr. Kunjumon Thomas and team. The Switch Off and Candle Light Vigil was led by dignitaries including Ms. Padma Mahanti IFS, Director, Dept. of Environment and Climate Change, Govt. of Kerala, Sri. Dhareshan Unnithan, Director, Energy Management Centre, Govt. of Kerala, Dr. C. Bhaskaran, Member, WWF- India State Advisory Board, and many others. A large crowd joined in the candle light vigil, mainly City residents who had come to the beach to enjoy the evening time.

Eco-Trail at Pathiramanal Island of Vembanad Lake

Members of Green Valley Nature Club from Puthuppally had a visit to Pathiramanal Island of Vembanad Lake on 29th April 2017. Mr.Shibu Bhaskar, renowned Naturalist, interacted with them on the history, biodiversity and threats of the Island. They also did a cleanup drive in the Island collecting a big heap of plastic bottles, carry bags and liquor bottles. The trail concluded with another interactive session on Eco-friendly Lifestyle by Sri. A.K.Sivakumar, Senior Education Officer.

Sunday Bird Walk

The regular monthly birding programme of Kerala State Office was held at Punchakkari wetlands in the outskirts of Thiruvananthapuram City on 30th April 2017. Eighteen bird enthusiasts attended the bird watching programme and the team spotted around 55 species of birds including migratory ones. Along with watching birds and their features, it was a chance for the participants to see, experience and understand the values and services of wetlands also. Few of them purchased farm fresh agricultural products directly from the local farmers.

Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 9

EXPERT TALK

C‑\‑n C‑S‑\‑m‑S‑v‑, X‑o‑c‑{‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑w: KÄ‑^‑v c‑m‑P‑y‑§‑f‑n \‑n‑¶‑pÄ‑s‑¸‑s‑S C‑h‑n‑s‑S‑s‑b‑¯‑n‑b t‑I‑m‑S‑n‑¡‑W‑¡‑n‑\‑v c‑q‑] h‑n‑h‑n‑[ c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b‑, k‑m‑a‑q‑l‑y‑, k‑m‑w‑k‑v‑I‑m‑c‑n‑I‑, k‑m¼‑¯‑n‑I‑, D‑t‑Z‑y‑m‑K‑Ø‑, s‑X‑m‑g‑n‑e‑m‑f‑n I‑m‑c‑W‑§‑f‑m {‑I‑n‑b‑m‑ß‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n ]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n k‑u‑l‑r‑Z DÂ‑¸‑m‑Z‑\ t‑a‑Je‑b‑n‑t‑e‑¡‑v t‑]‑m‑b‑n‑Ã. F‑¶‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑à I‑m‑i‑p‑Å‑hÀ h‑o‑S‑pIÄ‑, ̂ ‑v‑f‑m‑ä‑p‑IÄ F‑¶‑n‑h ]‑W‑n‑X‑p‑I‑q‑«‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w h‑m‑l‑\ §Ä [‑m‑c‑m‑f‑a‑m‑b‑n h‑m‑§‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑b‑v‑X‑p. s‑I‑«‑n‑S§Ä‑¡‑m‑b‑n I‑m‑S‑p‑w h‑b‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w h‑y‑m‑]‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n \‑i‑n‑¸‑n¡‑s‑¸‑«‑p. h‑o‑S‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑§‑f‑p‑w hÀ‑²‑n‑¨‑t‑¸‑mÄ X‑S‑nb‑p‑s‑S‑b‑p‑w a‑W‑e‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w k‑n‑aâ‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w N‑p‑S‑p‑I‑Ã‑nt‑â‑b‑p‑w D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑n. h‑y‑m‑]‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n a‑c‑w a‑p‑d‑n‑¡s‑¸‑«‑p. h‑\‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑s‑â `‑m‑K‑a‑m‑b‑n ]‑I‑c‑w h‑¨‑v X‑m‑I‑s‑« A‑t‑¡‑j‑y‑, a‑m‑©‑n‑b‑w‑, b‑q‑¡‑m‑e‑n‑]‑v‑ä‑k‑v F‑¶‑o s‑_‑Ì‑v s‑h‑Å‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑b‑·‑m‑s‑c‑b‑p‑w a‑®‑v s‑I‑m‑Ã‑n‑I‑s‑fb‑p‑w. \‑¶‑m‑b‑n s‑h‑Å‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑¡‑p‑I a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑à D‑u‑ä‑n‑s‑b‑S‑p¡‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑w. \‑Z‑n‑I‑f‑n a‑W X‑oÀ‑¶‑t‑¸‑mÄ I‑cb‑n \‑n‑¶‑m‑b‑n. C‑ã‑n‑I‑¡‑f‑§Ä h‑b‑e‑p‑I‑s‑f C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m¡‑n.

A‑´‑c‑o‑£‑X‑m‑]‑\‑n‑e‑b‑n‑e‑p‑w a‑®‑n‑s‑â s‑s‑P‑h‑m‑w‑i¯‑n‑e‑p‑w P‑e‑m‑K‑n‑c‑W‑t‑i‑j‑n‑b‑n‑e‑p‑w h‑e‑n‑b a‑m‑ä‑a‑p‑ï‑m‑¡‑p¶ a‑s‑ä‑m‑¶‑m‑W‑v a‑m‑e‑n‑\‑y k‑w‑k‑v‑I‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑s‑e I‑p‑d‑h‑v. a‑m‑e‑n‑\‑y‑w s‑s‑I‑I‑m‑c‑y‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑¶‑X‑n \‑m‑w ]‑p‑eÀ‑¯‑p‑¶ a‑m‑\‑y‑X‑s‑b‑¸‑ä‑n \‑m‑W‑t‑¡S‑v s‑I‑m‑ï‑v I‑q‑S‑p‑X ]‑d‑b‑p¶‑n‑Ã. ¹‑m‑Ì‑n‑¡‑pÄ‑s‑¸‑s‑S‑b‑p‑Å‑h I‑¯‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑p‑w I‑p‑g‑n¨‑n‑S‑p‑¶‑X‑p‑w A‑´‑c‑o‑£‑X‑m‑]‑\‑n‑e‑b‑p‑w I‑mÀ‑_¬Ut‑b‑m‑I‑v‑s‑s‑k‑U‑n‑s‑â A‑f‑h‑p‑w hÀ‑²‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. hÀ‑²‑n‑¨‑v t‑X‑m‑X‑n c‑m‑k‑h‑f‑h‑p‑w I‑o‑S‑\‑m‑i‑n‑\‑n‑b‑p‑w D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑n‑¡‑p ¶‑X‑n‑e‑q‑s‑S a‑®‑n‑s‑â t‑]‑m‑j‑I‑m‑h‑Ø‑b‑p‑w L‑S‑\‑b‑p‑w a‑m‑d‑p‑¶‑X‑p‑w a‑c‑p hÂ‑¡‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑s‑â e‑£‑W‑a‑m‑W‑v. t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n‑s‑e a‑®‑v a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑n‑¡‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑s‑â t‑X‑m‑X‑v I‑q‑S‑p‑I‑b‑m‑W‑v. a‑®‑n t‑I‑m‑S‑n‑I‑W‑¡‑n‑\‑v _‑m‑Î‑o‑c‑n‑bb‑p‑w P‑o‑h‑m‑W‑p‑¡‑f‑p‑w P‑o‑h‑n‑¨‑m a‑m‑{‑X‑t‑a a‑®‑n‑\‑v P‑o‑h\‑p‑ï‑m‑I‑p. P‑o‑h‑\‑n‑Ã‑m‑¯ a‑®‑n s‑h‑Å‑w t‑i‑J‑c‑n‑¡s‑¸‑S‑p‑I‑b‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. a‑®‑v‑, a‑c‑w (C‑e‑IÄ‑, N‑n‑Ã‑IÄ‑)‑, s‑h‑Å‑w F‑¶‑n‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S ]‑c‑k‑v‑]‑c‑]‑q‑c‑I‑a‑m‑b {‑]‑hÀ‑¯‑\‑§‑f‑n‑e‑q s‑S‑b‑m‑W‑v a‑®‑v s‑h‑Å‑w I‑c‑p‑X‑m³ k‑Ö‑a‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑v. ss‑Ph‑m‑w‑i‑a‑n‑Ã‑m‑¯ a‑®‑n F‑{‑X a‑g s‑]‑b‑v‑X‑m‑e‑p‑w {‑]‑t‑X‑yI‑n‑¨‑v I‑m‑c‑y‑s‑a‑m‑¶‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. A‑{‑X‑X‑b‑p‑w _‑m‑j‑v‑]‑o‑I‑c‑n‑¨‑p‑w D‑uÀ‑¶‑n‑d‑§‑n‑b‑p‑w H‑e‑n‑¨‑p‑t‑]‑m‑b‑p‑w \‑ã‑a‑m‑I‑p‑I a‑m‑X a‑m‑W‑v ^‑e‑w.

s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑§Ä

k‑q‑c‑y‑{‑]‑I‑m‑i‑w \‑à t‑X‑m‑X‑n e‑`‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ t‑I‑c‑f ¯‑n H‑m‑e‑b‑p‑w H‑m‑S‑p‑w s‑I‑m‑ï‑v s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑\‑nÀ‑a‑m‑W‑w \‑S¯‑p‑¶ c‑o‑X‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v D‑ï‑m‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑X‑v. I‑m‑e‑w a‑m‑d‑n; \‑m‑w ]‑c‑n‑j‑v‑I‑r‑X‑c‑m‑b‑n. h‑n‑I‑k‑\‑NÀ‑¨‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑n‑c‑p‑¸‑p‑I f‑p‑w I‑q‑«‑m‑b‑v‑a‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑m‑c‑W‑w \‑m‑«‑n‑e‑n‑d‑§‑m‑\‑m‑h‑m‑¯ A‑h‑Ø‑b‑m‑b‑n. ]‑s‑£ I‑p‑S‑n‑¡‑m³ s‑h‑Å‑a‑n‑Ã. \‑¶‑m‑b‑n I‑m‑ä‑v I‑S‑¡‑p‑¶‑, \‑à h‑m‑b‑p k‑©‑m‑c‑a‑p‑Å‑, I‑m‑e‑m‑hØ‑b‑v‑¡‑\‑p‑K‑p‑W‑a‑m‑b‑n N‑c‑n‑ª t‑aÂ‑¡‑q‑c‑I‑f‑p‑Å s‑I‑«‑n S‑§Ä F‑¶ t‑I‑c‑f‑o‑b s‑s‑i‑e‑n a‑m‑ä‑n t‑I‑m¬‑{‑I‑o‑ä‑v‑s‑S d‑k‑v s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑§Ä h‑y‑m‑]‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n. ]‑IÂ‑¨‑q‑S‑n‑s‑\ h‑e‑n‑b t‑X‑m‑X‑n B‑K‑n‑c‑W‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑¶‑X‑n s‑S‑d‑k‑n‑s‑â ]‑¦‑v h‑e‑p‑X‑m‑W‑v. a‑p‑d‑n‑I‑f‑n N‑q‑S‑v I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑t‑¸‑mÄ ^‑m³‑, F.k‑n. F‑¶‑n‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S D‑]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w A‑X‑p‑h‑g‑n s‑s‑h‑Z‑y‑p‑X‑n D‑]‑t‑`‑m‑K‑h‑p‑w hÀ‑²‑n‑¨‑p.

h‑o‑S‑p‑w ̂ ‑v‑f‑m‑ä‑p‑w t‑j‑m‑¸‑n‑w‑K‑v a‑m‑f‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑e‑y‑m‑W‑a Þ‑]‑§‑f‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n \‑m‑S‑m‑s‑I h‑fÀ‑¶‑p. h‑Ã‑m‑s‑X h‑n‑Ik‑n‑¨‑p. c‑ï‑p‑w a‑q‑¶‑p‑w h‑o‑S‑p‑I‑f‑p‑Å‑hÀ \‑n‑c‑h‑[‑n. 12 e‑£‑w h‑o‑S‑v H‑g‑n‑ª‑p‑I‑n‑S‑¡‑p‑I‑b‑m‑s‑W‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w 3 e £‑w t‑]À‑¡‑v k‑z‑´‑a‑m‑b‑n h‑o‑S‑n‑Ã. DÂ‑¸‑m‑Z‑\‑c‑w‑K‑¯‑v a‑p‑XÂ a‑p‑S‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v F‑§‑s‑\‑b‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑v C‑t‑¸‑m‑g‑p‑w \‑a‑p¡‑d‑n‑b‑n‑Ã. BÀ‑¡‑p‑w s‑s‑[‑c‑y‑h‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. A‑X‑n‑\‑v ]‑I‑c‑w ]‑W‑n‑X‑p‑\‑n‑d‑b‑v‑¡‑p‑¶ C‑¯‑c‑w s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑§‑f‑p‑w \‑nÀ‑a‑n‑X‑n I‑f‑p‑w C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑h‑n‑`‑h‑§‑s‑f‑b‑m‑W‑v. A‑h \‑b‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W‑¯‑n‑s‑â t‑h‑K hÀ‑²‑\‑b‑nt‑e‑¡‑p‑w.

h‑cÄ‑¨ ]‑e X‑c‑w

a‑g H‑c‑p {‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑¯‑v X‑p‑SÀ‑¨‑b‑m‑b‑n a‑q‑¶‑v a‑m‑k‑¡‑m‑e‑w a‑m‑d‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w 50 i‑X‑a‑m‑\‑¯‑n‑e‑[‑n‑I‑w I‑p‑d‑b‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑b‑v‑X‑m I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø‑m‑h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑m‑s‑b‑¶‑v ]‑d‑b‑m‑w. P‑e £‑m‑a‑w X‑p‑S‑§‑p‑I‑b‑p‑w s‑N‑¿‑p‑w. t‑I‑c‑f‑s‑¯ h‑cÄ‑¨ _‑m‑[‑n‑X k‑w‑Ø‑m‑\‑a‑m‑b‑n 2016 H‑t‑Î‑m‑_À a‑p‑X {‑]‑J‑y‑m]‑n‑¨‑n‑«‑p‑ï‑v.

h‑cÄ‑¨ \‑o‑ï‑m I‑mÀ‑j‑n‑I h‑cÄ‑¨‑, ]‑n‑¶ P‑e‑h‑y‑h‑Ø‑m h‑cÄ‑¨‑, X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑v B‑h‑m‑k‑h‑y‑h‑Ø‑m h‑cÄ‑¨ F‑¶‑n‑§‑s‑\ a‑p‑t‑¶‑d‑p‑w. B‑Z‑y‑w I‑p‑S‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑s‑¯‑, ]‑n‑s‑¶ I‑r‑j‑n‑s‑b‑, ]‑n‑s‑¶ k‑k‑y‑P‑´‑p‑P‑m‑e‑§‑s‑f‑, A‑h k‑m‑\‑w B‑h‑m‑k‑h‑y‑h‑Ø‑s‑b H‑¶‑m‑s‑I F‑¶ c‑o‑X‑n‑b‑ne‑m‑W‑v A‑X‑v _‑m‑[‑n‑¡‑p‑I. B‑h‑m‑k‑h‑y‑h‑Ø‑I‑f‑n X‑p‑SÀ‑¨‑b‑m‑b‑n h‑cÄ‑¨ h‑¶‑m ]‑n‑s‑¶ a‑c‑p‑hÂ‑¡‑c‑W¯‑nt‑e‑¡‑v t‑]‑m‑I‑p‑w. X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑v a‑p‑t‑¶‑m‑«‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑t‑a b‑m‑Xb‑p‑Å‑p. kÀ‑h‑\‑m‑i‑¯‑n‑t‑e X‑o‑c‑p‑I‑b‑p‑Å‑p.

h‑cÄ‑¨ \‑s‑Ã‑m‑c‑p A‑h‑k‑c‑w I‑q‑S‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v. {‑]‑X‑n‑Z‑n‑\‑w 75 e‑£‑w e‑n‑äÀ I‑p‑¸‑n‑s‑h‑Å‑a‑m‑W‑v t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n h‑nÂ‑¡‑p¶‑X‑v. h‑cÄ‑¨ h‑¶‑m S‑m‑¦Â t‑e‑m‑d‑n s‑h‑Å‑w‑, I‑p‑g I‑n‑WÀ‑, X‑®‑oÀ‑]‑´Â‑, h‑m‑«À I‑n‑t‑b‑m‑k‑v‑I‑v F‑s‑´‑Ã‑m‑w ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑IÄ‑! h‑e‑n‑b h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑p‑s‑S \‑m‑«‑n C‑X‑n‑s‑\‑Ã‑m‑w s‑h‑Å‑a‑p‑t‑ï‑m‑s‑b‑¶‑v B‑c‑p‑w t‑N‑m‑Z‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã‑! s‑h‑Å a‑p‑s‑ï‑¦‑n C‑¯‑c‑w ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑IÄ F‑´‑n‑\‑v? \‑¶‑mb‑n P‑e‑]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑e‑\‑w \‑S‑¯‑n‑b‑m t‑]‑m‑t‑c? F‑´‑m b‑m‑e‑p‑w s‑h‑Å‑w t‑I‑c‑f‑¯‑n‑\‑v B‑h‑i‑y‑¯‑n I‑q‑S‑p X‑e‑p‑ï‑v. a‑e‑n‑\‑c‑l‑n‑X‑a‑m‑b ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑e‑\‑a‑m‑W‑v C‑Ã‑m ̄ ‑X‑v. a‑g‑¡‑m‑e‑¯‑v Z‑p‑c‑n‑X‑m‑i‑z‑m‑k I‑y‑m‑¼‑p‑IÄ‑, t‑h‑\‑e‑n S‑m‑¦À s‑h‑Å‑w F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v \‑½‑p‑s‑S Ø‑n‑c‑w I‑e‑m‑]‑c‑n ]‑m‑S‑n. F‑¶‑p‑w Z‑p‑c‑n‑X‑h‑p‑w F‑¶‑p‑w B‑i‑z‑m‑k‑h‑p‑w.

a‑m‑t‑d‑ï i‑o‑e‑§‑f‑p‑w I‑o‑gvh‑g‑¡‑§‑f‑p‑w

i‑m‑k‑v‑{‑X‑o‑b‑h‑p‑w k‑a‑{‑K‑h‑p‑a‑m‑b P‑e‑]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n k‑w‑c£‑W‑h‑p‑w P‑e‑k‑w‑`‑c‑W‑h‑p‑s‑a‑m‑s‑¡ \‑S‑¶‑m ]‑e‑X‑n‑\‑p‑w \‑n‑X‑y‑]‑c‑n‑l‑m‑c‑a‑m‑h‑p‑w. B‑b‑n‑c‑w t‑h‑\ I‑ï‑m‑e‑p‑w A‑c a‑g h‑¶‑m \‑m‑w t‑h‑\ a‑d‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. a‑g‑s‑b i‑e‑y‑a‑m‑b‑n I‑c‑p‑X‑n a‑p‑ä‑§‑f‑n \‑n‑¶‑p‑w ]‑d‑¼‑p‑I‑f‑n \‑n‑¶‑p‑w H‑g‑p‑¡‑n‑¡‑f‑b‑p‑¶ a‑e‑b‑m‑f‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S "a‑g N‑X‑n‑¨‑p‑' F‑¶ ]‑t‑b‑m‑K‑w c‑k‑I‑c‑a‑m‑W‑v. C‑h‑n‑s‑S N‑X‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v a‑g‑b‑Ã‑, I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø‑b‑Ã‑, {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑a‑Ã. a‑g‑b‑p‑s‑S h‑c‑h‑p‑w t‑]‑m‑¡‑p‑w I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø‑b‑p‑s‑a‑m‑¶‑p‑w a‑\‑Ê‑n‑e‑m‑¡‑m‑¯ a‑m‑\ hÀ X‑s‑¶‑b‑m‑W‑v. I‑W‑p‑¶‑n h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑p‑w P‑e‑£‑m‑ah‑p‑w I‑ï‑m‑e‑p‑w X‑p‑SÀ‑¶‑v h‑c‑p‑¶ a‑g B‑s‑c‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w I‑c‑p X‑p‑¶‑p‑t‑ï‑m? H‑c‑p s‑N‑d‑p h‑n‑`‑m‑K‑¯‑n‑s‑â BÀ‑¯‑n‑¡‑p‑w Z‑p‑c‑m‑{‑K‑l‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w A‑X‑y‑m‑{‑K‑l‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w t‑h‑ï‑n `‑q‑a‑n‑s‑b I‑o‑g‑v‑t‑a a‑d‑n‑¡‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ _‑l‑p‑`‑q‑c‑n‑]‑£‑w N‑X‑n¡‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¶‑p.

1972‑ X‑p‑S‑§‑n 1976 h‑s‑c \‑o‑ï‑p‑\‑n‑¶ s‑k‑eâ‑vh‑m‑e‑n h‑\‑k‑w‑c‑£‑W‑k‑a‑c‑w \‑S‑¶‑n‑«‑v 41 hÀ‑j‑w I‑g‑n‑ª‑p. 1996‑s‑e A‑X‑n‑c‑¸‑Å‑n NÀ‑¨ I‑g‑n‑ª‑n‑«‑v 21 hÀ‑j‑h‑p‑w. ]‑s‑£ I‑m‑S‑v s‑h‑«‑p‑¶ NÀ‑¨ \‑m‑a‑n‑X‑p‑h‑s‑c A‑h‑k‑m‑\‑n‑¸‑n‑¨‑n‑«‑n‑Ã. t‑e‑m‑I‑w h‑n‑h‑n‑[ D‑uÀ‑P‑k‑m‑X‑k‑p IÄ ]‑c‑o‑£‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p. \‑m‑a‑m‑I‑s‑« P‑e‑s‑s‑h‑Z‑y‑p‑X ]‑²X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S \‑y‑m‑b‑m‑\‑y‑m‑b‑§‑f‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n C‑t‑¸‑m‑g‑p‑w I‑m‑e‑w I‑g‑n ¡‑p‑¶‑p; h‑n‑h‑m‑Z‑§‑f‑n D‑u‑f‑n‑b‑n‑S‑p‑¶‑p. \‑à k‑w‑h‑m‑Z‑w t‑]‑m‑e‑p‑w \‑S‑¡‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã. k‑u‑t‑c‑mÀ‑P‑w‑, _‑t‑b‑m‑K‑y‑m‑k‑v‑, a‑m‑e‑n\‑y‑¯‑nÂ‑\‑n‑¶‑p‑Å h‑f‑w‑, D‑uÀ‑P‑w F‑¶‑n‑h‑s‑b‑m‑s‑¡ \‑a‑p‑¡‑v NÀ‑¨‑m‑h‑n‑j‑b‑§‑f‑m‑W‑v. \‑S‑¸‑n‑e‑m‑¡‑m³ X‑m‑e‑v‑]c‑y‑a‑n‑Ã. {‑]‑i‑v‑\‑§Ä ]‑c‑n‑l‑c‑n‑¨‑p‑t‑]‑m‑s‑b‑¦‑n‑t‑e‑m F‑¶‑mW‑v t‑]‑S‑n. {‑]‑i‑v‑\‑§‑f‑m‑W‑v \‑½‑p‑s‑S A‑¶‑w‑, h‑n‑h‑m‑Z‑§Ä a‑p‑J‑a‑p‑{‑Z‑b‑p‑w.

1990‑þ X‑p‑S‑§‑n‑b ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v h‑n‑`‑h‑`‑q‑]‑S ]‑c‑n‑]‑mS‑n‑, P‑\‑I‑o‑b‑m‑k‑q‑{‑X‑W I‑m‑e‑b‑f‑h‑n X‑p‑S‑§‑n‑b \‑oÀ‑¯S‑m‑[‑n‑j‑vT‑n‑X h‑n‑I‑k‑\‑{‑]‑hÀ‑¯‑\‑§Ä F‑¶‑n‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S s‑b‑Ã‑m‑w `‑m‑K‑a‑m‑b‑n F‑Ã‑m ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑p‑I‑f‑n‑e‑p‑w P‑e‑h‑n‑` h‑`‑q‑]‑S‑a‑pÄ‑s‑¸‑s‑S X‑¿‑m‑d‑m‑¡‑n d‑n‑t‑¸‑mÀ‑«‑p‑IÄ e‑`‑y‑a‑m‑¡‑nb‑n‑«‑p‑ï‑v. ]‑s‑£ F‑´‑v ^‑e‑w‑! i‑m‑k‑v‑{‑X‑o‑b‑`‑q‑]‑S‑h‑p‑w d‑n‑t‑¸‑mÀ‑«‑p‑I‑s‑f‑m‑s‑¡ BÀ‑¡‑v t‑h‑W‑w? A‑X‑h‑n‑s‑S C‑c‑n ¡‑s‑«. \‑oÀ‑¯‑S {‑K‑m‑a‑k‑`‑s‑b‑m‑s‑¡ t‑NÀ‑¶‑n‑c‑p‑¶‑p. As‑X‑Ã‑m‑w H‑c‑p h‑g‑n‑¡‑v t‑]‑m‑b‑n. C‑t‑¸‑m‑g‑p‑w \‑nÀ‑a‑m‑W {‑]‑hÀ ¯‑\‑§Ä‑¡‑v X‑s‑¶‑b‑m‑W‑v a‑p³‑X‑q‑¡‑w e‑`‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v. ]‑n‑s‑¶ t‑k‑h‑\‑t‑£‑a ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑IÄ‑¡‑p‑w. ]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n k‑u‑l‑r‑Z DÂ‑¸‑m‑Z‑\‑w‑, ]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n P‑e‑k‑u‑l‑r‑Z \‑nÀ‑a‑m W‑c‑o‑X‑n‑IÄ‑, P‑e‑]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n k‑w‑c‑£‑W‑w F‑¶‑n‑h s‑b‑m‑s‑¡ C‑h‑n‑s‑S BÀ‑¡‑v t‑h‑W‑w? i‑p‑²‑h‑m‑b‑p‑h‑n‑s‑e ¦‑n H‑m‑I‑v‑k‑n‑P³ ]‑mÀ‑e‑d‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n‑\‑m‑b‑n h‑m‑«À F.S‑n.F‑½‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w X‑p‑d‑¡‑m‑w.

a‑g‑s‑h‑Å k‑w‑`‑c‑W a‑mÀ‑K‑§‑f‑p‑w a‑m‑X‑r‑I‑I‑f‑p‑w 2000 a‑p‑X‑s‑e‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w \‑a‑p‑¡‑v a‑p‑¶‑n‑e‑p‑ï‑v. k‑m‑t‑¦‑X‑n‑Ic‑o‑X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w a‑m‑X‑r‑I‑m‑]‑hÀ‑¯‑\‑§‑f‑p‑w t‑k‑m‑j‑y a‑o‑U‑n‑b‑b‑n‑e‑p‑w b‑p‑S‑y‑q‑_‑n‑e‑p‑a‑pÄ‑s‑¸‑s‑S e‑`‑y‑a‑m‑b‑n‑«‑p‑w A‑h‑s‑b‑m‑¶‑p‑w t‑h‑{‑ï‑X a‑p‑t‑¶‑d‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã. s‑I‑«‑n‑S‑\‑nÀ‑a‑mW‑N‑«‑§‑f‑n DÄ‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑n‑b‑n‑«‑p‑s‑ï‑¦‑n‑e‑p‑w s‑s‑I‑¡‑q e‑n B‑{‑K‑l‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ P‑\‑{‑]‑X‑n‑\‑n‑[‑n‑IÄ‑¡‑p‑w c‑m‑{‑ã‑o‑b¡‑mÀ‑¡‑p‑w D‑t‑Z‑y‑m‑K‑ØÀ‑¡‑p‑w A‑X‑n‑\‑p‑Å a‑s‑ä‑m‑c‑p a‑mÀ‑K‑w I‑q‑S‑n e‑`‑n‑¨‑X‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑w a‑n‑¨‑w.

10 / Mruthika/ March-April 2017

\‑½‑p‑s‑S a‑®‑p‑w s‑h‑Å‑h‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w a‑e‑n‑\‑a‑m‑W‑v. \‑n‑a‑nj‑t‑´‑m‑d‑p‑w a‑e‑n‑\‑a‑m‑I‑p‑¶‑p F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v Ø‑n‑X‑n. Ø‑e I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø(Macro Climate‑) \‑a‑p‑¡‑v \‑n‑b‑{‑´‑n‑¡‑m‑\‑m h‑n‑Ã. ]‑s‑£ H‑c‑p {‑]‑t‑Z‑i‑s‑¯ k‑q‑£‑v‑a‑I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø (Micro Climate‑) c‑q‑]‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑m³ \‑a‑p‑¡‑v I‑g‑n‑b‑p‑w. F \‑n‑t‑\‑m t‑]‑m‑e‑p‑Å {‑]‑X‑n‑`‑m‑k‑§Ä h‑¶‑p‑s‑I‑m‑t‑ï‑b‑n‑c‑n ¡‑p‑w. C‑u hÀ‑j‑s‑¯ a¬‑k‑q¬ a‑g‑b‑n‑e‑p‑w I‑p‑d‑h‑p ï‑m‑I‑p‑s‑a‑¶‑m‑W‑v \‑n‑c‑o‑£‑W‑w. 2016‑s‑e h‑cÄ‑¨ 2000‑ X‑s‑¶ \‑n‑c‑o‑£‑n‑¨‑X‑m‑W‑v. t‑e‑m‑I I‑m‑e‑m‑h Ø‑m h‑I‑p‑¸‑p‑w \‑m‑k‑b‑p‑w t‑e‑m‑I‑_‑m‑¦‑p‑w a‑ä‑v G‑P³k‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø‑m {‑]‑h‑N‑\‑w \‑S‑¯‑m‑d‑p‑ï‑v. A‑X‑n e‑p‑a‑p‑ï‑v c‑ï‑v e‑£‑y‑w. P‑\‑§‑f‑p‑w `‑c‑W‑I‑q‑S‑§‑f‑p‑w B‑h i‑y‑a‑m‑b a‑p‑s‑¶‑m‑c‑p‑¡‑§‑f‑p‑w \‑S‑]‑S‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w B‑i‑z‑m‑k ]‑c‑n‑]‑m‑S‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w \‑S‑¸‑m‑¡‑m³ t‑h‑ï‑n‑b‑p‑Å‑X‑m‑W‑v H‑¶‑v. a‑s‑ä‑m‑¶‑v‑, h‑y‑h‑k‑m‑b‑t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑n‑\‑p‑Å‑X‑m‑W‑v. C‑X‑m a‑p‑¶‑n‑e‑p‑Å‑X‑v {‑]‑i‑v‑\‑§‑f‑p‑s‑S I‑m‑e‑a‑m‑W‑v; A‑X‑n\‑\‑p‑k‑c‑n‑¨‑p‑Å ]T‑\‑§‑f‑p‑w D‑]‑I‑c‑W‑§‑f‑p‑w h‑y‑h‑k‑m‑b k‑m‑[‑y‑X‑I‑f‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w _‑n‑k‑n‑\‑k‑m‑¡‑p‑¶‑s‑X‑§‑s‑\ F ¶‑v B‑t‑e‑m‑N‑n‑¡‑q F‑¶ a‑p‑¶‑d‑n‑b‑n‑¸‑m‑W‑v A‑X‑v. I‑m‑e‑m h‑Ø‑m‑h‑y‑X‑n‑b‑m‑\‑h‑p‑w B‑t‑K‑m‑f‑X‑m‑]‑\‑h‑p‑w P‑e {‑]‑X‑n k‑Ô‑n‑b‑p‑w a‑m‑e‑n‑\‑y‑s‑¸‑c‑p‑¸‑h‑p‑w \Â‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑v h‑e‑n‑b _‑n‑k‑n‑\‑k‑v A‑h‑k‑c‑§‑f‑m‑W‑v. I‑m‑e‑m‑h‑Ø‑m h‑y‑X‑nb‑m‑\‑w‑, ]‑c‑n‑Ø‑n‑X‑n F‑¶‑n‑h‑b‑p‑a‑m‑b‑n _‑Ô‑s‑¸‑« t‑a‑J e‑I‑f‑n ]T‑\‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w kÀ‑s‑h‑IÄ‑¡‑p‑w t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑nt‑e‑ä‑h‑p‑w I‑q‑S‑p‑X ]‑W‑w \Â‑I‑p‑¶‑X‑v t‑I‑mÀ‑¸‑t‑d‑ä‑v Ø‑m‑]‑\‑§‑f‑m‑W‑v. A‑X‑n‑s‑\‑¡‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑v ]‑n‑s‑¶ H‑c‑p A‑h k‑c‑¯‑n‑e‑m‑I‑m‑w. H‑m‑t‑c‑m {‑]‑X‑n‑k‑Ô‑n‑b‑p‑w Z‑p‑c‑´‑h‑p‑w ]‑eÀ‑¡‑p‑w B‑t‑L‑m‑j‑a‑m‑W‑v F‑¶‑v N‑p‑c‑p‑¡‑w.

F‑´‑m‑b‑m‑e‑p‑w h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑n \‑n‑¶‑p‑w \‑m‑w H‑¶‑p‑w ]T‑n¡‑p‑¶‑n‑à X‑s‑¶. C‑Ã‑m‑X‑m‑I‑p‑¶ k‑w‑k‑v‑I‑m‑c‑§‑f‑p‑s‑S N‑c‑n‑{‑X‑w ]T‑n‑¨‑n‑«‑p‑t‑]‑m‑e‑p‑w a‑m‑\‑h‑k‑a‑q‑l‑w \‑n‑k‑w‑K‑X‑b‑n e‑m‑W‑v. {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n h‑n‑`‑h‑§‑f‑p‑w h‑\‑k‑¼‑¯‑p‑w P‑e‑mÀ‑Z t‑a‑J‑e‑I‑f‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w I‑f‑s‑a‑m‑g‑n‑b‑p‑I‑b‑m‑W‑v. ]‑p‑X‑n‑b c‑o‑X‑nI‑f‑p‑w a‑mÀ‑K‑§‑f‑p‑s‑a‑m‑¶‑p‑w \‑m‑w GÀ‑s‑¸‑S‑p‑¯‑p‑¶‑n‑Ã. ]‑c‑o‑£‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. h‑cÄ‑¨‑s‑b‑b‑p‑w P‑e‑£‑m‑a‑¯b‑p‑w \‑m‑w ]‑g‑n‑]‑d‑b‑p‑w. h‑n‑N‑m‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ k‑a‑b‑§‑f‑n h‑n‑N‑m‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑b‑n‑S‑§‑f‑n h‑n‑N‑m‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ A‑f‑h‑p‑I‑f‑nÂ‑, c‑o‑X‑n‑I‑f‑n a‑g‑b‑p‑w t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w a‑m‑d‑n‑a‑m‑d‑n h‑¶‑p‑s‑I‑m Å‑W‑s‑a‑¶‑m‑W‑v \‑m‑w B‑{‑K‑l‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑v. A‑s‑Ã‑¦‑n a‑g‑b‑p‑w {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑w N‑X‑n‑¨‑p F‑¶‑v ]‑d‑ª‑p‑I‑f‑b‑p‑w. {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S X‑m‑f‑a‑\‑p‑k‑c‑n‑¨‑p‑Å P‑o‑h‑n‑X‑I‑a‑h‑p‑w k‑w‑c‑£‑n‑X‑c‑o‑X‑n‑I‑f‑p‑w a‑p³‑I‑c‑p‑X‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑w C‑\‑n‑b‑p‑w F‑¶‑m‑W‑v \‑m‑w s‑s‑I‑s‑¡‑m‑Å‑p‑I?

B‑c‑p‑w C‑S‑s‑]‑S‑c‑p‑s‑X‑¶‑p‑w {‑]‑i‑v‑\‑§Ä A‑§‑s‑\ X‑s‑¶ \‑n‑e‑\‑nÂ‑¡‑s‑«‑s‑b‑¶‑p‑a‑m‑W‑v H‑c‑p \‑y‑q‑\‑]‑£¯‑n‑s‑â X‑m‑X‑v‑]‑c‑y‑w. A‑X‑n‑e‑m‑W‑v A‑h‑c‑p‑s‑S h‑fÀ‑¨‑b‑p‑w h‑n‑i‑z‑m‑k‑h‑p‑w. A‑hÀ \‑o‑W‑mÄ h‑m‑g‑s‑«. h‑c‑p \‑a‑p‑¡‑v t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑I‑s‑f h‑k‑´‑a‑m‑¡‑m‑w.

A‑h‑k‑m‑\‑h‑m‑¡‑v

s‑h‑Å‑¯‑n s‑s‑l‑{‑U‑P‑\‑p‑w H‑m‑I‑v‑k‑n‑P‑\‑p‑a‑p‑s‑ï‑¶‑v S‑o‑¨À ]‑ï‑v ]T‑n‑¸‑n‑¨‑p. i‑c‑n‑b‑m‑W‑v; c‑ï‑p‑w t‑NÀ‑¯‑m s‑h‑Å‑a‑m‑W‑v. ]‑s‑£ A‑§‑s‑\ s‑h‑Å‑a‑m‑¡‑n \‑m‑S‑n‑s‑â‑b‑p‑w \‑m‑«‑p‑I‑m‑c‑p‑s‑S‑b‑p‑w Z‑m‑l‑a‑I‑ä‑m‑\‑m‑h‑n‑s‑Ã‑¶ k‑m‑a‑q‑l‑y‑P‑oh‑n‑X‑i‑m‑k‑v‑{‑X‑w \‑m‑w ]T‑n‑¨‑n‑Ã; ]T‑n‑¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. H‑c‑n‑©‑v I‑\‑¯‑n P‑o‑h‑\‑p‑Å a‑®‑v k‑z‑m‑`‑m‑h‑n‑I‑a‑m‑b‑n D‑ï‑m I‑m³ (]‑m‑d‑s‑]‑m‑S‑n‑¨ ]‑m‑d‑s‑¸‑m‑S‑n‑b‑Ã‑) B‑b‑n‑c‑w hÀ‑j‑w t‑h‑j‑w. a‑\‑p‑j‑y³ {‑i‑a‑n‑¨‑m P‑o‑h‑\‑p‑Å H‑c‑p a‑n‑Ã‑n‑a‑o‑äÀ a‑®‑v t‑]‑m‑e‑p‑w I‑r‑{‑X‑n‑a‑a‑m‑b‑n D‑ï‑m‑¡‑m‑\‑m‑h‑n‑Ã. H‑c‑p \‑n‑a‑n‑j‑w \‑n‑È‑Ð‑a‑m‑I‑q; {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S aÀ‑a‑c‑w t‑IÄ‑¡‑q. I‑¼‑y‑q‑«‑d‑n‑s‑e I‑o t‑_‑m‑U‑n s‑s‑I‑h‑n‑cÂ‑¯‑p‑¼‑v H‑¶‑aÀ ¯‑n‑b‑m t‑e‑m‑I‑¯‑n‑s‑e G‑X‑v h‑n‑h‑c‑h‑p‑w h‑n‑Ú‑m‑\‑h‑p‑w a‑p‑¶‑n‑s‑e‑¯‑p‑s‑a‑¶‑v A‑l‑¦‑c‑n‑¡‑p‑¶ t‑l‑, a‑m‑\‑h \‑o A‑d‑n‑b‑p‑I: k‑q‑c‑y‑\‑p‑w h‑m‑b‑p‑h‑n‑\‑p‑w a‑®‑n‑\‑p‑w s‑h‑Å ¯‑n‑\‑p‑w a‑c‑§Ä‑¡‑p‑w ]‑I‑c‑w h‑b‑v‑¡‑m³ X‑e‑v‑¡‑m‑e‑p‑w \‑n‑s‑â s‑s‑I‑b‑n H‑¶‑p‑a‑n‑Ã. H‑c‑p h‑cÄ‑¨‑b‑p‑s‑S a‑p‑¶‑n t‑¸‑m‑e‑p‑w \‑o h‑Ã‑m‑s‑X ]‑X‑d‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ _‑m‑¡‑n ]‑d‑b‑m‑\‑nÃ. a‑®‑p‑w s‑h‑Å‑h‑p‑w A‑¶‑h‑p‑s‑a‑Ã‑m‑w {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S X‑\‑v X‑m‑b X‑m‑f‑{‑I‑a‑¯‑n \‑n‑c‑h‑[‑n {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n L‑S‑I‑§‑f‑p‑s‑S ^‑e‑a‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑v X‑n‑c‑n‑¨‑d‑n‑b‑p‑t‑¼‑mÄ A‑h‑b‑p‑s‑S c‑q‑]‑s‑¸‑Se‑n a‑m‑\‑h‑s‑â ]‑¦‑v h‑f‑s‑c s‑N‑d‑p‑X‑m‑s‑W‑¶‑v a‑\‑k‑n‑e‑mI‑p‑w. ]‑¦‑n‑à F‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v I‑q‑S‑p‑X i‑c‑n. F‑¶‑m \‑i‑n¸‑n‑¡‑p‑¶‑X‑n‑t‑e‑m‑, a‑m‑\‑h‑\‑v a‑m‑{‑X‑a‑m‑W‑v {‑]‑[‑m‑\ ]‑¦‑v.

a‑g {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑b‑p‑s‑S k‑p‑I‑r‑X‑wI‑c‑p‑X‑m‑w \‑a‑p‑¡‑p‑w \‑m‑t‑f‑¡‑p‑w.t‑h‑\‑e‑p‑I‑f‑p‑s‑S h‑d‑p‑X‑n‑s‑b h‑c‑p‑X‑n‑b‑n‑e‑m‑¡‑m³

I‑c‑p‑X‑m‑w {‑]‑I‑r‑X‑n‑s‑b‑, I‑c‑p‑X‑t‑e‑m‑s‑S.

(I‑n‑WÀ d‑o‑N‑mÀ‑P‑v‑, a‑g‑¡‑p‑g‑n \‑nÀ‑½‑m‑W‑w‑, a‑g‑k‑w‑`‑c‑W‑n F‑¶‑n‑h‑s‑b‑¡‑p‑d‑n‑¨‑d‑n‑b‑m³ b‑p‑S‑y‑q‑_‑n Dr. Subhash chandrabose Kerala rain water harvesting

F‑¶‑v s‑s‑S‑¸‑v s‑N‑¿‑p‑I. 9847547881 F‑¶ t‑^‑m¬ \‑¼‑c‑n‑e‑p‑w haijalam F‑¶ s‑^‑b‑v‑k‑v‑_‑p¡‑v A‑¡‑u‑ï‑n‑e‑p‑w t‑e‑J‑I‑s‑\ _‑Ô‑s‑¸‑S‑m‑h‑p‑¶‑X‑m‑W‑v.‑)

Mruthika/ March-April 2017 / 11