New7QCTools

7/28/2019 New7QCTools

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New7QCtools

ByShuaiZhang

KunWang



Newvs.Old

• Old7QCtools

• 1.Checklist• 2.Fishbonediagram

• 3.Controlchart• 4.Histogram• 5.Paretochart• 6.Sca>erdiagram• 7.Stra@fica@on

Feature:

Dataorienta@on:Focuson

numericaldatameasure

andcalcula@on.



Newvs.Old

• However,manycustomerrequirementscannotalwaysbeadequatelyexpressedby

numericaldataalone.



Newvs.Old

• Nevertheless,evenverbalstatementscanbeexpressionsoffacts,becauseitrepresents

facts,weoughttouseverbaldataaswellasnumericaldatainmanagingquality.



Newvs.Old

• 1.Rela@onsdiagram• 2.Treediagram• 3.Arrowdiagram

• 4.Affinitydiagram• 5.Matrixdiagram

• 6.Matrixdataanalysis

diagram

• 7.Processdecisionprogramchart.(PDPC)

Features

• Combineverbalwithnumerical

• Lookingforrootcause• Clarify,priori@zegoalsandschedule

• Involveeveryoneintofullcoopera@on

• Generateideas



Newvs.Old

• New7QCtoolsarecompa@blewithOld7QCtools,andcomplementthem.

Strategic,

orienta@ons

Tac@cal,measures

New7

Old7



1.RelaonShipDiagram

• DecideEFFECTS• DecideIMMEDIATECAUSES

• ConnectIMMEDIATECAUSEStoEffects

• TakingImmediateCausesaseffecttofindCAUSESforthem

• ExploreRELATIONSHIPofCausesandConnectthem• Findingmoreimportantcausesandprominentlinks• MakethelinkSHORT,makethediagramCOMPACT

• Titleit



1.Rela@onShipDiagram



1.Rela@onShipDiagram Applicaons

• Explorecauseandeffectrela@onships• Especiallyforcomplexsitua@onswherethecausesarelikelytobeMUTUALLYRELATED



2.AffinityDiagram

• Organizelargenumberofideasintoalogicalway,makethemintoasystema@corderto

helpyouplanac@ons



2.AffinityDiagram

• 1.SUBJECTTOPICS• 2.GenerateaLargeNumberofIDEAS• 3.Decide#andTitle,createaCARD• 4.Distributealltheideasamongthecards• 5.Arrangethecardsaccordingtotherela@onshipsbetweenthegroups

• 6.Titleit



2.AffinityDiagram

Applicaons

• Breakupanycomplexproblemortaskintosmallermoreeasilymanageablebits



2.AffinityDiagram

• Example:

Youcanorganizethecustomercomplainsandrequirementsin

anAffinityDiagram



2.AffinityDiagram



2.AffinityDiagram



2.AffinityDiagram



3.TreeDiagram

• Iden@fyahighPRIORITYPROBLEMthatneedtobesolvedearliest.

• ChooseFORM:TreeorCascade?

• Iden@fyPRIMARYMEANS

• Iden@fySECENDARYMEANSforprimarymeans

• TERTIARYMEANS

• Con@nuetheprocess@llthegroupfeelsthattheENDofthelinehasbeenreached

• UseofPOST‐ITPAD• ConsensusofMEANS

• Titleit



3.TreeDiagram

Cascade



3.TreeDiagram

TreeForm



3.TreeDiagram

Applicaons

• Developasystema@cstepbystepstrategytoachieveanobjec@ve.

• Devisesolu@onforproblems



Reference

• Applica@onofSevenNewQCToolsByMuhammadAmjadManager,

QualityAssuranceNewageCables(Pvt)Limited,Lahore–Pakistan

• 7ADVANCEDQCTOOLS,[email protected],Dy.Director

Na@onalProduc@vityCouncil,Chennai



4.MatrixDiagram

• Purpose:Exploretheexistenceandtheextentofrela@ons between individual items in 2 sets of

factors or features and characteris@cs and

express them in a symbolic form that is easy tounderstand.

• Mostlyusedtounderstandtherela@onsbetween

the customer expecta@ons as expressed by the

customers and product characteris@cs asdesigned, manufactured and tested by the

manufacturer.



Procedures

1. Determine2setsoffactorsforwhichtherela@onsareneededtobeestablished.

2. Dividethefeaturesandcharacteris@csintoprimary,secondaryandter@arycharacteris@cs.

3. Placethefeaturesver@callyonthelesideofthematrixandcharacteris@cshorizontallyon

topofthematrix.4. Entertheimportanceofthefeaturesonthe

columnaerthatfortheter@aryfeatures.



Procedures(Con@nue)

5. Inthemainbodyofthematrix,usethesymbolstorepresentthedegreeof

connec@onsbetweenthefeaturesandthe

characteris@cs.





ExampleofMatrixDiagram



5.MatrixDataAnalysisDiagram

• Purpose:Topresentnumericaldataabouttwosetsoffactorsinamatrixformandanalyzeit

togetnumericaloutput.

• Canbeappliedinunderstandingtheproductsandproductscharacteris@cs.



Procedure

1. Decidethetwofactorswhoserela@onsaretobeanalyzed.

2. Checkthenumberofindividualitemsinthetwofactors.

3. Prepareamatrixtoaccommodatealltheitemsofthetwofactors.

4. Enternumericaldatainthematrix.5. Givethediagramasuitable@tle.



Example



6.ProcessDecisionProgramChart

Purpose：Toprepareforabnormaloccurrences

withlowprobabilitywhichmayotherwisebe

overlookedandtopresenttheoccurrencesas

wellasthenecessarycountermeasuresto

guardagainstsuchoccurrencesintheformof

avisualchart.



Procedure

1. Prepareanormalflowchartwithallexpectedeventsinthechart.

2. Considerthepossibleoccurrencesthatwillaffecttheprocessanddemonstratethroughbranchingatappropriateloca@ons.

3. Considerhowtheabnormaloccurrenceswillinfluencetheprocessandfindwaystocounterthem.

4. Showthecountermeasuresconnec@ngtotheabnormaloccurrencesononesideandtheprocessofthegoalontheother.



Applica@ons• Thistoolhasthewidestrangeofapplica@onsfromthesimplesttothemostcomplex.

• Thetoolcanbeusedtopreventproblemsbyiden@fyingopportuni@esforerrorand

devisingmeasurestoavoidfailure.

• Itcanbeusedduringtheimplementa@onofsolu@onsforpredic@ngresistanceandfor

planningmeasurestoovercometheresistance



Examples



7.ArrowDiagram

Purpose:Tocreateavisualpresenta@onofthe

stepsofaprocessortasksnecessaryto

completeaprojectwithspecialemphasison

the@metakenfortheseac@vi@es.



Procedure

1. Listallthetasksorac@vi@esneededtobeaccomplishedbeforetheprocessoftheproject.

2. Decidewhichstepsareundertakeninseriesandwhichstepscanberuninparallel.Arrangethe

ac@vi@esinapropersequence.

3. Prepare‘EventNodes’atthecomple@onofstepsandnumberthem.

4. Writethedescrip@onofthestepanddecidethe

@merequiredforcomple@ngeachstep.



Procedure(Con@mue) 5. Calculatetheearliest@metoreachanevent

nodeforthestartoftheprocess.

7. Aerthe@meforalleventnodesincludingthecomple@onoftheprocessortheproject

isavailable,onecalculatesthelatest@meby

whichaneventnodemustbereached.



Applica@on• Thediagramisalsousefulinplanningandschedulingstepsincomplicatedprocesses,

especiallyinplanningandschedulingprojects

whichinvolvealargenumberofac@vi@es.



Example1. [email protected]:1,2,3,…,15.2. [email protected]. Determinewhichtaskscanberuninparallelandin

normalsequences.

4. [email protected]. [email protected]. Calculatetheearlieststar@ng@me(ortheearliest

finishing@meoflasttask)andthelatestfinishing@me

ofeachtask(thelateststar@ng@meforthefollow@ngtask).

7. Markthe@meindica@on.



Example.



Example.



Example

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