New species of Elasmus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Vietnam

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New species of Elasmus(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) fromVietnamZoya A. Yefremova a b & Irina S. Strakhova aa Department of Zoology , Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical ,Ulyanovsk , 432700 , Russiab Russia E-mail:Published online: 05 Jan 2012.

To cite this article: Zoya A. Yefremova & Irina S. Strakhova (2009) New species ofElasmus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Vietnam, Oriental Insects, 43:1, 275-295, DOI:10.1080/00305316.2009.10417589

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Oriental Insects, Vol. 43: 275-295, 2009

NEW SPECIES OF ELASMUS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) FROM VIETNAM

ZOYAA. YEFREMOVA1 & IRINA S. STRAKHOVA Department of Zoology, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical, Ulyanovsk 432700 Russia,

Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT. Ten new species of Elasmus (Eulophidae) are described from Vietnam, viz., Elasmus belokobylskij, sp. nov., E. giraulti sp. nov., E. hanoicus sp. nov., E. longifustis sp. nov., E. singularis sp. nov., E. Spodopteri sp. nov., E. subobscurus sp. nov., E. sugonyaevi sp. nov., E. vietnami sp. nov., and E. viridifemoralis sp. nov. A key to the nineteen species known from Vietnam is also provided. The genus itself is a new record for Vietnam.

Keywords: Elasmus, Eulophidae, new species, new record, Vietnam, Oriental Region.

Introduction

Until 2008, only eleven species of Eulophidae (Efremova, 1994; Ferriere, 193lb; Fisher and La Salle, 2005; Khan et al., 2005; Hayat et al., 2005; Gumovsky, 2004; McFarland and Hoy, 2001; Wijesekara and Schauff, 1994; Zhu and Huang, 2002; Yefremova, 2003) are known from Vietnam, and genus Elasmus is not known. In the present paper, we record nine species (three oriental species compared with holotypes, one with paratype) and describe ten new species (7 species described by female, 3 by both sexes); thus the number of species of Elasmus known from Vietnam is nineteen.

Material and Methods

The Elasmus specimens collected from Vietnam by Dr. Belokobylskij in 1990 and Dr. E.S. Sugonyaev in 1994, totalling 86 specimens are included. Morphological terminology follows Askew & Boucek (1968) and Graham (1976, 1995). The abbreviations are: Fl - F4 first, second, third, fourth segments of funicle, S7-S8 seventh, eighth stemites, SMV submarginal vein, MV marginal vein, PMV postmarginal vein, SV stigmal vein. POL minimum distance between the posterior ocelli, and OOL minimum distance between the eye margin and the adjacent posterior ocellus. Measurements are in mm; in other dimensions, relative measurements used. The type specimens are deposited in Zoological Institution, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZISP).

Genus Elasmus Westwood

Elasmus Westwood, 1833: 343. Lond. & Edinb. Phil. Mag., (3) 3 (17): 343. Type species: Eulophusjlabellatus Fonscolombe, 1832, bymonotypy.

Diagnosis: Fore wing densely setose and wedge-shaped, with elongate marginal vein, short postmarginal, and slightly reduced stigmal; female funicle 3-segmented, male funicle 4-segmented with 3 dorsal branches; mesosoma densely setose, metasoma subsessile; and gaster triangular in cross. Metanotum projecting as flat, triangular, often translucent plate over propodeum. Dorsal metanotallamella projecting posterior over propodeum with partial and complete latera-ventral keels. Metacoxa greatly enlarged and flattened plate-like hind tibia with short bristles forming distinct diamond-shaped or undulating pattern.

Biology: Polyphagous attacking severallepidoptereous genera: Coleophora sp., Tortrix sp., Phyllonorycter sp., as well as hymenopterous, eg. Apanteles (Graham 1976, 1995).

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Distribution: Afrotropical, Australia/Pacific, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental and Palearctic.

Identification: The European species are keyed by Graham (1976, 1995) and Ferriere (1947) the Asian andAfrican species by Ferriere (1929), the American by Burks (1965) and the Oriental by Verma et al. (2002). It is very difficult to identify males of Elasmus especially if they were sweeping and not rearing together with females.

A. Key to the species (females)

Antenna with funicle segments longer than broad ........................................... 2 Antenna with short funicle segments. F2 and F3 broader than long. Body black, gaster black with yellow Tl-T3 ................................ . Elasmus brevicornis Gahan

2. Antenna withF3 slightly transverse ........................................................... 3 Antenna withF3longerthan broad ...................................................... .4

3. Antenna with funicle as long as clava. Body black. .......... Elasmus nudus (Nees) Antenna with funicle longer than clava. Body yellow with dark spots. Legs yellow. Parasites in nest ofPolistes (Vespidae) .......... . Elasmus schmitti Ruschka

4. POL1.25-1.5 OOL ............................................................................ 5 POL 1.6-3.5 OOL. ............................................................................ 7

5. F 1-F3 1. 3-1.4 x as long as broad. Basal part of fore wing with bare strip extending along 3/4 MV (Fig 29). Funcle segments 1.4-1.6x as long as broad, middle and hind femora green. Body mostly green ............... . Elasmus viridifemoralis sp. nov. Fl-F31.6-3.lx aslongasbroad ............................................................ 6

6. Clava longer than F2 and F3 combined (Fig. 24). Body and legs mostly yellow ..... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elasmus vietnami, sp. nov. Clava shorter than F3 and F2 combined (Fig. 8). Body brown. Legs yellow ...... . ..... ... . . . . . . . .. .... ................................ ........................ . Elasmus hanoicus, sp. nov.

7. Fore wing without infumate area near stigmal vein ............................................ 8 Fore wing with infumate area near stigmal vein (Fig. 4). Body black, coxae and femora black. ........................................ . Elasmus anamalaianus Mani & Saraswat

8. Basal partofforewingwith bare strip ...................................................... 9 Basal part of fore wing without bare strip ................................................. 1 0

9. F2 1.28x as long as F3 (Fig 1). SV2.5x as long as PMV (Fig. 5). Gaster more than 4.0 times as long as broad ...................................... Elasmus belokobylskij, sp. nov. F2 equal F3 (Fig 12). SV 2.0x as long as PMV (Fig. 15). F1 1.42x as long as pedicel... .......................................................... . Elasmus singularis, sp. nov.

10. Funicle segments 1.3-2.5x as long as broad ............................................. 11 Funicle segments 2.6-4.25x as long as broad ............................................. 16

11. F2equalF3 ................................................................................... 12 F2 not equal F3 ............................................................................. 15

12. F1longerthanF2 ........................................................................... 13 F 1 shorter or equal F2 .................................................................... 14

13. Pedicell.25x as long as F 1 (Fig. 16). Malar space 3 .2x as long as eye length ......... . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ... .. . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . Elasmus spodopteri, sp. nov. Pedicel 1.5x as long as F 1. Clava equal F3 and F2 combined (Fig. 9). Legs black ..................................................................... . Elasmus indicus Rohwer

14. F1 =F2. Clava 2.9x as long as broad (Fig. 11 ). Body mostly greenish, yellow spot neartegulae ................................... .............. Elasmus nephantidis Rohwer F1longer than F2 (Fig. 19). Head breadth 1.05x broader than height. SV 3.0x as long as PMV. ................................. .................. .Elasmus sugonyaevi, sp. nov.

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15. Clava 2.9x as long as broad (Fig. 10). SV 6.0x as long as PMV. ........................ . .................................................................................. Elasmus longifustis, sp. nov. Clava 2.4x as long as broad (Fig. 2). Malar space 2.0x as long as eye length .......... . .............. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... .............. . Elasmus giraulti, sp. nov.

16. Fl =F2=F3 Head 3.0x as long as broad ...... .... Elasmus longicornis Verma & Hayat F 1, F2 and F3 not equal each other ........................................................ . 1 7

17. Pedicel 2.0x as long as Fl. Scape about equal in length to Fl. Body yellow brownish, antenna with yellow scape and dark brown funicle ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Elasmus longiventris Verma & Hayat Pedicel1.3-1.5x aslongasF1 ............................................................ 18

18. Clava about 3.5x as long as broad (Fig. 18). Tegula yellow. Mid and hind coxae and femora brown ......................................... .Elasmus subobscurus sp. nov. Clava 5.8x as long as broad. Scape slightly longer than Fl. Body yellowish, antenna brown ....................................... .Elasmus jlavescens Verma & Hayat

B. Descriptions of species

1. Elasmus anamalaianus Mani & Saraswat (Fig. 4)

Elasmus anamalaianus Mani & Saraswat, 1972: 461-462.

Diagnosis: POL 2.0 OOL. Scape equal to Fl or longer; F2 and F3 subequal; clava equal to F2 and F3 combined; fore wing with infumate transverse strip behind stigmal vein (Fig. 4 ), body black with metallic green tint, fore, mid and hind coxae and femora black, rest oflegs pale brown.

llost: lJnknown.

Distribution: India (Oriental) (Mani, Saraswat, 1972). New record for Vietnam.

Specimen examined: 1 ~,VIETNAM: Tram Lap, 20 km N Buon Luoi, 3.xii.l988 (A. Sharkov) (ZISP).

Comments: Presence of infumated area behind stigmal vein (Fig.4) reminds fig.2(A) ofMani & Saraswat (1972: 483).

2. Elasmus belokobylskij, sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 5)

Diagnosis: Female. POL 1.82 OOL.Antenna with one discoid anellus, Fll.l6x as long as pedicel (Fig. 1 ); Fl 1.28x as long as F2; SV 2.5 times as long as PMV (Fig. 5). Gaster 4.27x as long as broad.

Description: Female: Bodylength2.10mm, forewing 1.9mm. Colour. Face green, mandibles yellow, eyes and ocelli dark brown; scape yellow, and pedicel and funicle slightly brownish, thorax dark green, meso scutum with yellow spot above tegulae, propodeum bright green, metanotum with two transverse strips (upper brown and lower yellow), tegulae yellow. Petiole yellow. Gaster with Tl green, T2 yellow, T3 green, T4-T5 yellow, T6-T7 dark brown, ventrally yellow except S7-S8. Fore wing hyaline. Venation yellow. Legs mostly yellow (except hind femur dorsally with longitudinal brown strip).

Head height 16, head breadth 18, 1.25x as long as broad. Face deep punctuated. Eyes (12 x 7) without setae. Malar sulcus (3) curved. POL ( 4) 1.82 OOL (2.2). Toruli placed above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 1) with scape (8), pedicel (3) and one laminar and one discoid anellus with setae, and funicle. Fl (3.5), F2 (4.5), F3

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(3.5), clava 3-segmented (5). F11.16 x as long as pedicel, F11.28 x as long as F2.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (9 .0 x 12), meso scutum (11 x 15), with numerous setae; scutellum (9.0 x 10.0), finely reticulate with two pairs short setae. Dorsellum finely reticulate. Propodeum (15 x 7) V-shaped, finely reticulate, without median carina. Spiracle round with strong paraspiracular carina. Callus with two long setae. Fore wing (Fig. 5) (69 x 17), 4.05x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 21:46: 30: 2.0: 5.0. SV 2.5x as long as PMV. Basal part offore wing with bare strip extending along about 1/3 MV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster ( 4 7 x 11 ), 4.27x as long as broad.

Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.

Distribution: Vietnam.

Etymology: The species name is after the Russian entomologist Dr S.A. Belokobilsky who collected this species from Vietnam.

Holotype: ¥,VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Ky Son, Cao Phong, forest, 26.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP). Para type: 1 ¥,with same data as holotype (ZISP).

Comments: This new species resembles Elasmus singularis sp. nov. but differs in the following characters of female: F2 1.28x as long as F3 (F2 equal F3 in E. singularis sp. nov.); F1 1.16x as long as pedicel (Fl 1.42x as long as pedicel in E. singularis sp. nov.); clava 1.42x as long as F3 (1.85x in E. singularis sp. nov.); SV 2.5 x as long as PMV (2.0x in E. singularis sp. nov.); gaster more than 4.0x as long as broad (2.15x in E. singularis sp. nov.); gaster with Tl green, T2 yellow, T3 green, T4-T5 yellow, T6-T7 dark brown (gaster with Tl green, T2 brown, T3 orange, T4- T7 dark brown in E. singularis sp. nov.).

3. Elasmus brevicornis Gahan

Elasmus brevicornis Gahan, 1922. Treubia 3: 50.

Diagnosis: Body black, gaster black with Tl and T2 yellow; antenna brown with yellow scape and pedicel, F2 and F3 broader than length; lamella with proximal part black and distal part yellow; gaster brown with yellow base; legs brownish.

Host: An ectoparasitoid, facultative hyperparasitoid of Erionota sp., Anaria sp., Diaphania sp.,Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera) (Noyes 2008).

Distribution: Afrotropical and Oriental Regions; Yemen (Yefremova, 2007). New record for Vietnam.

Specimen examined: 1 ¥,VIETNAM: Nao Phong, 26.x.1990 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP).

4. Elasmus jlavescens Verma & Hayat

Elasmusflavescens Verma & Hayat, 2002. Oriental Insects, Vol. 36: 284-285.

Diagnosis: POL2.0 OOL; scape 3.5x as long as broad; pronotum2.0x as long as broad; forewing more than 4.0x as long as broad; gaster with T7 blackish, T8 yellow. Compared with holotype: 1 Female, INDIA: Kamataka, Mudigere, call. Noyes, 26.x 4.xi.l979 (BMNH).

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Host: Unknown. (Vermaetal., 2002).

Distribution: South India (Verma et al., 2002). New record for Vietnam.

Specimens examined: 1¥, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 14.x.1990 (S.A. Be1okobylskij) (ZISP); 1 ¥, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 19.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 2 ¥,VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Ky Son, Cao Phong, forest, 25.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

5. Elasmus giraulti, sp. nov. (Figs. 2- 3, 6 -7)

Diagnosis: Female. POL 2.33 OOL, F1 1.12x as long as F2; F1 1.6x as long as pedicel (Fig. 2); SV 2.2x as long as PMV (Fig. 6). Gaster 2.16x as long as broad. Male. Basal part of fore wing with bare strip extending along MV (Fig. 7).

Description: Female: (Figs 2, 6). Body length 2.15 mm, fore wing 1. 72 mm.

Colour. Head dark brown with greenish tint, mandibles yellow, eyes grey and ocelli black; pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum black with greenish tint, dorsellum with brown and yellow strips, lamella triangular hyaline; propodeum brown with greenbluish. Tegulae brown and yellow ventrally. Gaster dorsally dark brown, T1 green, T2-T7 dark brown, ventrally dark brown. Scape yellow, pedicel and funicle dark brown. Fore wing hyaline. Venation yellow. Fore coxa brown with yellow distal part, base femur brown, tibia and tarsus yellow, mid coxa dark brown, femur, tibia and tarsus yellow, hind leg with dark brown coxa, trochanter yellow, femur, tibia and tarsus yellow; hind tibia with dark brown diamond shaped pattern.

Head height 18, head breadth 20, 1.11 x as long as broad. Face deep punctuated. Eyes (12 x 8) without setae. Malar sulcus (6) curved. POL (7) 2.33 OOL (3). Toruli placed at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 2) with scape (6. 7), pedicel (2.8), one laminar anellus and one discoid anellus with setae, and funicle. F1 (4.5), F2 (4.0), F3 (3.5), clava 3-segmented (7.2). F11.12x as long as F2, F11.6x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum ( 4.0 x 15). Mesoscutum (17 x 19), with numerous long setae; scutellum (8.0 x 9.0), and dorsellum reticulate with the same size areola. Propodeum (20 x 9) V-shaped, reticulate with areola larger than that in scutellum, without median carina. Spiracle with paraspiracular carina. Callus with three setae, one of them in first row and two in second. Fore wing (Fig. 6) (69 x 20), 3.45x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 22: 30: 1.5: 3.3. SV 2.2x as long as PMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short. Gaster (39 x 18), 2.16x as long as broad.

Male: (Figs 3, 7). Length 1.10 mm, fore wing 1.05 mm; almost identical to female in colour but antenna brownish. Head height 11, head breadth 13, 1.18x as long as broad. Malar space 3. POL(4.5) 1.5 OOL (3.0). Toruli placed above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Relative measurements of antenna (Fig. 3): scape (2.8), pedicel (1.4), F1 (1.1), F2 (0.5), F3 (1.12) with three long branches (13.5, 13.5, 12.3) and clava 2-segmented (6.5). Fore wing (Fig. 7) (42 x 12), 3.5x as long as broad. Basal part offore wing with bare strip extendingalongMV. SMV: MV: SV: PMV=9: 21:0.8: 1.6. SV2.0x as long as PMV. Gaster (19 x 9), 2.11x as long as broad.

Host: Unknown.


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Etymology: The species name is after A.A. Girault who made major contribution to the taxonomy of Elasmus.

Holotype: Cfl, VIETNAM: 50 km NW Hanoi, 7.xi.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP). Paratype: 1 o, with the same date (ZISP).

Comments: The new species resembles E. longifustis sp. nov. but differs in the following characters of female: malar space 2.0x as long as eye length (2.62x in E. longifustis sp. nov.); Fl 1.6x as long as pedicel (1.4x in E. longifustis sp. nov); clava 2.05x as long as F3 (2.33x in E. longifustis sp. nov); clava 2.4x as long as broad (2.9x in E. longifustis sp.Nov).

6. Elasmus hanoicus, sp. nov. (Figs. 8, 13)

Diagnosis: Female. POL 1.5 OOL, Fl 1.14x as long as F2; Fl 1.16x as long as pedicel (Fig. 8); SV 4.0x as long as PMV (Fig. 13). Gaster 3.92x as long as broad.

Description: Female: Body length 2.30 mm, fore wing 1. 97 mm.

Colour. Face brown with greenish tint, mandibles yellow, eyes and ocelli dark brown; thorax dark brown, except yellow metanotum. Tegulae yellow. Gaster brown with Tl green, brownish ventrally with dark brown S7-S9. Scape yellow, pedicel and funicle dark brown. Legs yellow (except hind femur dorsally with longitudinal brown strip), hind tibia with dark brown diamond shaped pattern.

Head height 17, head breadth 18, 1.05x as long as broad. Face smooth with narrow deep punctuated strips near eyes. Eyes (1.5 x 8) without setae. Malar sulcus ( 4) curved. POL (4.5) 1.5 OOL (3.0). Toruli placed above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 8) with scape (7), pedicel (3), one laminar anellus and one discoid anellus with setae, and funicle. Fl (3.5), F2 ( 4.0), F3 (4.0), clava 3-segmented (7.0). Fll.l4x as long as F2, F 1 1.16x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (7.0 x 14). Mesoscutum (16 x 17), with numerous long setae; scutellum (9.0 x 10.0), smooth with 2long pairs setae; dorsellum smooth. Propodeum ( 16 x 9) V-shaped, smooth, without median carina. Spiracle round near anterior margin of propodeum with paraspiracular carina. Callus with two setae each in first and second row. Fore wing (Fig. 13) (69 x 17), 4.05x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 16: 43: 1.5: 6.0. SV 4.0x as long as PMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster (35 x 14 ), 3 .92x as long as broad.

Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species name refers to the type locality in Vietnam.

Holotype: Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, 26.ix.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP). Paratype: 1 o, with the same date (ZISP).

Comments: The new species resembles E. vietnami sp. nov. but differs in the following characters offemale: F 1 1.16x as long as pedicel (1.39x in E. vietnami sp. nov.); clava 1.4x as long as F3 (2.26x in E. vietnami sp. nov.); body brown (mostly yellow in E.

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vietnami sp. nov.) and also could compare with well known species E. indicus Rohwer but differs in the following characters of female: F11.14x as long as F2 (1.20-1.50 in E. indicusRohwer);F11.16x aslongaspedicel(1.35-1.5x inE. indicus);clava1.4x as long as F2 and F3 combined (clava about equal F3 and F2 combined in E. indicus, legs yellow (black in E. indicus ).

7. Elasmus indicus Rohwer (Fig. 9)

Elasmus indicus Rohwer, 1921. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (9) 7:123-124.

Diagnosis: POL 2.5 OOL. Antenna (Fig. 9), scape about 1.1-1.5x as long as Fl and F2 combined; Fl 1.20-1.5x as long as F2, F2 equal F3, clava about equal F2 and F3 combined; pedicell.35-1.5x as long as F 1; legs black.

Host: Larval-pupal parasitoid Noctuidae, Pyralidae (Lepidoptera), Asterolecaniidae (Coccoidea) (Thompson, 1954; Verma andHayat, 1986).

Distribution: India (Oriental) (Verma andHayat, 1986). New record for Vietnam.

Specimens examined: 1 Cjl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 8.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cjl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 14.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cjl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 20.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 3 Cjl, VIETNAM: Nao Phong, 26.x.1990 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP); 1 Cjl, 1 d', VIETNAM: TamDao, 2l.viii.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP); 1 Cjl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, Zalat, 26.ix.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev)(ZISP).

8. Elasmus longicornis Verma & Hayat

Elasmus longicornis Verma & Hayat, 2002: 276-277.

Diagnosis: Head 3.0x as long as broad; POL 2.00 OOL; pronotum halfmesoscutum; gaster smaller than head and thorax combined. Compared with holotype: 1 Female, INDIA: Kerala, Periyar A. Sane., 5-15.x.l979 (J. Noyes) (BMNH).

Host: Unknown (Verma et al., 2002).

Distribution: South-West oflndia (Verma et al., 2002). New record for Vietnam.

Specimen examined: 1 Cjl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, grass, 16.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

9. Elasmus longifustis, sp. nov. (Figs. 10, 14)

Diagnosis: Female. POL 1.8 OOL. Antenna with Fl 1.4x as long as pedicel and equal F2; SV 6.0x as long as PMV; gaster 3.29x as long as broad.

Description: Female: Body length 2.40 mm, fore wing 1.95 mm.

Colour. Body mainly green with metallic tint, face green, mandibles yellow; eyes and ocelli dark brown; scape yellow dorsally with brownish strip, pedicel, funicle and clava brown; tegulae yellow; dorsellum yellow, lamella hyaline; gaster with T1 - T2 green metallic, T3 - T7 brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Legs mostly yellow (mid and hind femora with dorsal longitudinal brown strips).

Head. Height 17, head breadth 18, 1.05x as long as broad. Face deeply sporadically punctuated. Eyes ( 10.5 x 8) without setae. Malar space 4, malar sulcus curved. POL ( 5. 5) 1.8 OOL (3.0). Toruli placed at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 10) with

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scape (7.0), pedicel (2.5) and one discoid anellus with setae, and one laminar and Fl (3.5), F2 (3.5), F3 (3.0), clava 3-segmented (7.0). F11.4x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (6.0 x 14), mesoscutum (15 x 18), scutellum (8.0 x 9.0), propodeum (18 x 11). Scutellum finely reticulate with 2 pairs setae; dorsellum smooth. Propodeum V-shaped, finely reticulate with setae slightly larger than that of scutellum, without median carina. Spiracle small and round near anterior margin of propodeum with paraspiracular carina. Callus with two setae in one row and one seta in second row. Fore wing (Fig. 14) (78 x 19), 4.1x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 14:40: 1.5: 4.4. SV2.9x as longasPMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster (56 x 17), 3.29x as long as broad. Ovipositor sheaths slightly extended.

Variation: Size of female varies from 1.85 to 2.60 mm; colour of antenna vary from brown to pale brownish; colour of gaster vary from yellow ventrally to brownish.

Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species epithet means "long" (Justis) and refers to the long clava of antennae.

Holotype:Cf,, VIETNAM: Hanoi, grass, 7.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP). Paratypes: 7Cf,, with the same data (ZISP); 5Cf,, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 8.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 3 Cf,, VIETNAM: Hanoi, cereals, ll.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cf,, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, grass, 16.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cf,, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 18.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

Comments: E. longifustis sp. nov. is probably close to E. giraulti sp. nov. (see comments under E. Belokobylskij sp. nov. and couplet 15).

10. Elasmus longiventris Verma & Hayat

Elasmus longiventris Verma & Hayat, 2002: 277-278.

Diagnosis: POL2.0 OOL; scape about equal to Fl; pronotummorethan2.0x as long as broad; fore wing more than 3 .5x as long as broad; gaster with T 1 orange-yellow in basal half, T2-5 orange. Compared with holotype: 1 Female, INDIA: Kerala, Periyar A. Sane., coll. J. Noyes 5-15.x.1979 (BMNH).

Host: Unknown (Verma et al., 2002).

Distribution: South-West oflndia (Verma et al., 2002). New record for Vietnam. Specimens examined: 1 Cf,, VIETNAM: Hanoi, cereals, ll.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cf,, VIETNAM: Tam Dao, pr. Vinh Phu, forest, 10-16.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cf,, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Ky Son, Cao Phong, forest, 26.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

11. Elasmus nephantidis Rohwer Elasmus nephantidis Rohwer, 1921: 123.

Diagnosis: POL 1. 75 OOL. Antenna (Fig. 11 ), pedicel2.0x as long as broad and slightly

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shorterthanF1; F1, F2, F3 almost equal each other; clava less 2.0x as long as F3. Body mostly greenish, yellow spot near tegulae, legs yellow. Compared with paratype: 1 Female, INDIA: T. NaduMudumalaiA. San, call. Rao 23-24.xi.1979 (BMNH).

Host: Coconut caterpillar Opisina arnosella (=Nephantis serinopa Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Cryptophagidae) (Verma et al., 2002; Narendran et al., 2008).

Distribution: South India (Verma et al., 2002 ). New record for Vietnam.

Specimens examined: 1 Cfl, VIETNAM, Hanoi, 3.xi.l988 (A. Sharkov) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM, pr. Gia Lai Con Tum, 20 km N Buon Luoi, 8.xii.l988 (A. Sharkov) (ZISP); 2 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, grass, 7.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 8.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 14.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 2 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, grass, 16.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 2 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 18.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh,DaBac, Tuly, forest, 19.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 22.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Ky Son, Cao Phong, forest, 25.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Mai Chou prov., Ha Son Binh, forest, 3.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Tam Dao, pr. Vinh Phu, forest, 10-16.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 2 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Hanoi, 70 km NW Hanoi, Ba Vi, forest, 22-24.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hoa Binh Province, Yen Thuy District, Lac Thinh Cue Phuong National Park, 20°23 'N 105°34'E, 30.iv.2002 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

12. Elasmus nudus (N ees)

Aneure nuda Nees, 1834. Stuttgart and Tebingen 2: 195. Elasmus albipennis Thomson, 1878. Hymenoptera Scandinaviae. Lund. p. 206. Elasmus nudus (Nees). Graham, 1995: 9-10.

Diagnosis: Female: Antenna with funicle as long as clava. F3 slightly transverse. Scape 3. Ox as long as broad. Dorsellum wholly black. The lamella hyaline.

Host: Larval-pupal parasitoid of Choreutidae, Coleophoridae, Lymantriidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae, Yponomeutidae, Simaethis pariana Cl. (Glyphipterygidae) (Lepidoptera) or hyperparasitoid of Braconidae, Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) (Herting, 1975; Ramos, Panis, 1975; Trjapitzin, 1978).

Distribution: Europe, Great Britain, Sweden, Germany, France, Italy, Czech Republic, Hungary(Graham, 1995). NewrecordforVietnam.

Specimens examined: 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, grass, 7.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, grass, 16.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, bamboo, 22.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

13. Elasmus schmitti Ruschka

Elasmus invreae Masi, 1935. Boll.Soc.ent. ital., 47: 131-133. Elasmus schmitti Ruschka, 1920: 231.

Diagnosis: Female with short funicle segments, F3 1.15-1.5x as long as broad. Body

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yellow with dark spots, thorax yellow, axilla brownish, mesoscutum yellow, scutellum dark-yellow or brownish, dorsellum dark brownish, lamella yellow, propodeum brownish, gaster yellow-brownish; face yellow; legs pale yellow.

Host: Larval-pupal parasitoid of Polistes gallicus L., P opinablis Kohl. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)(Burks, 1971; Trjapitzin, 1978; Graham, 1995).

Distribution: Europe (Palearctic) (Ruschka, 1920; Trjapitzin, 1978). New record for Vietnam.

Specimen examined: 1 Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, 26.ix.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP).

14. Elasmus singularis, sp. nov. (Figs. 12, 15)

Diagnosis: Female. Basal part off ore wing with cubital and isolated subcubitallines and with bare strip extending along Yz MV. POL 1.8 OOL. Antenna with 1.14x as long as F2; Fl1.42x aslongaspedicel;SV2.0x aslongasPMV;gaster 2.15x aslongasbroad.

Description: Female: Body length 1.95 mm, fore wing 1. 77 mm.

Colour. Head green, mandibles yellow, eyes grey and ocelli dark yellow; pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, dorsellum and propodeum dark green. Tegulae brown. Gaster with green Tl, brown T2, orange T3, T4-T7 dark brown. Scape yellow, and pedicel yellow dorsally brownish, funicle brownish. Venation yellow. Fore wing hyaline. Legs yellow, hind tibia with dark brown diamond shaped pattern.

Head height 15, head breadth 17, 1.13x as long as broad. Face deep punctuated. Eyes (11 x 8) without setae. Malar sulcus curved, malar space 3, POL (4.0) 1.8 OOL (2.2). Toruli placed above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 12) with scape (5.5), pedicel (2.8), one laminar anellus, one discoid anellus with setae, F 1 ( 4.0), F2 (3.5), F3 (3.5), and clava 3-segmented(6.5). Fl1.14x as long as F2, Fl1.42x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (4.5 x 13). Mesoscutum (14 x 16), with numerous long setae; scutellum (7.0 x 8.0), finely reticulate with two long thick pairs setae: first seta (1 0) 1.2x as long as second ( 12), second thicker than first. Dorsellum finely reticulate. Propodeum ( 15.5 x 2. 0) V-shaped, finely reticulate, without median carina. Spiracle round, not small with strong paraspiracular carina. Callus with two setae. Fore wing (Fig. 15) (71 x 19), 3. 73x as long as broad. Basal part of fore wing with cubital and isolated subcubitallines and with bare strip extending along Yz MV. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 18: 31: 2.0: 4.0. SV 2.0x as long as PMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster ( 41 x 19), 2.15x as long as broad.

Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species epithet means "peculiarity" (singularis) and refers to special character of basal part of the fore wing.

Holotype: Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, rice field, 3 .ix.l994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP).

Comments: E. singularis sp. nov. is probably close to E. belokobylskij sp. nov. (see comments under E. belokobylskij sp. nov. and couplet 9).

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15. Elasmus spodopteri, sp. nov. (Figs 16-17, 20-21)

Diagnosis: POL3.5 OOL.Antenna withF11.75x as long as pedicel, Fl = F2; SV 5.6x as long as PMV, gaster 3. Ox as long as broad; dorsellum with brown and yellow transverse stripes. Male. Basal part of fore wing with bare strip extending along MV (Fig. 21 ).

Description: Female: (Figs 16, 20). Body length 2.52 mm, fore wing 1.90 mm.

Colour. Body mainly black with green metallic reflection, face green, mandibles brown; ocelli brown; antenna brown; tegulae dark brown, meso scutum with small yellow spots about tegulae; metanotum with brown and yellow transverse stripes, lamella hyaline; propodeum bright green; gaster with T1, T2-T7 dark brown, ventrally brown. Fore leg with brown coxa, yellow trochanter, tibia and tarsus brownish, mid and hind legs with brown coxae and femora and yellow tibia and tarsi.

Head. Height 21, head breadth 20.0, 1.05x as long as broad. Face deeply and densely punctuated. Eyes (13.0 x 8.5) without setae. Malar space (4) 3.2x as long as eye length. Malar sulcus curved. POL (7 .0) 3.5 OOL (2.0). Toruli placed at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 16) with scape (8.0), pedicel (3.5), one discoid anellus with setae, Fl (4.5), F2 (4.0), F3 (4.0), and clava 3-segmented (7.5). Fl 1.28x as long as pedicel, scape 2.28x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (8.0 x 17), mesoscutum (17 x 22), scutellum (11.0 x 12.0), propodeum (9 x 17). Mesoscutum with numerous setae. Scutellum finely reticulate with small setae and 2 pairs setae; dorsellum finely reticulate. Propodeum V-shaped, finely reticulate, spiracle round near anterior margin propodeum with strong paraspiracular carina. Callus with three setae in one row and two setae in second row. Fore wing (Fig. 20) (76 x 20), 3.8x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 13.5:42: 1.5: 8.5. MV3.1x as long as SMV. SV5.6xaslongasPMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster (54 x 18), 3x as long as broad. Ovipositor sheaths slightly extended.

Size of female varies from 2.50 to 2.52 mm.

Male: (Figs 17, 21). Length 1.95 mm, forewing 1.5 mm. Male almost identical to female in colour but dorsellum with brown and yellow stripes, brown stripe 2.0x as broad as yellow. Fore leg with brown coxa, yellow trochanter, dorsally anterior part brown, rest yellow. Antenna with brown scape, pedicel and yellow funicle. Head height 12.0, head breadth 17.3, 1.44x as long as broad. Malar space (2). POL (5) 2.95 OOL (1.68). Relative measurements of antenna: scape (5.0 x 2.0), pedicel (2.0 x 1.5). Funicle (Fig. 17) with three long branches (15.6, 16.8, 16.9) and clava 3-segmented (7.5). Fore wing (Fig. 21) (60 x 20), 3.0x as long as broad. Basal part of fore wing with bare strip extending along MV. SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 15.0: 21.0: 1.1: 3.0. MV 1.4x as long as SMV. SV 2. 7x as long as PMV. Gaster (15 x 1 0), 1.5x as long as broad.

Host: Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ).


Etymology: The species name spodopteni refers to the host 'Spodoptera exiqua' from that specimens were reared in Vietnam.

Holotype: Sf2, VIETNAM: NHAHO station Thuan Hai, ex. larvae of Spodoptera exiqua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ), 22.ii.1982 (Nguyen Thi Bich) (ZISP). Para types: 3 Sf2, 1 o, with the same data (ZISP).

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Comments: E. spodopteri sp. nov. is probably close to E. indicus Rohwer but differs by some characters: scape 2.5x as long as broad (2.0x in E. indicus); clava 1.87x as long as F3 (1.75x inE. indicus);pedicel1.25x longasF1 (1.5x inE. indicus).Allcoxaebrown, and femora yellow (legs black in E. indicus).

16. Elasmus subobscurus, sp. nov. (Figs 18, 22)

Diagnosis: POL 1.6 OOL.Antenna withF11.54x as long as pedicel, SV 3.2x as long as PMV, gaster 2.9x as long as broad; metanotum yellow.


Colour. Body black. Head black, mandibles brown; ocelli yellow; eyes grey, antenna brown with yellow scape; tegulae yellow, dorsellum yellow, lamella hyaline; propodeum black; gaster black, ventrally brown. Fore leg yellow, mid and hind coxae and femora brown and yellow tibia and tarsi.

Head. Height 15.0, head breadth 16.0, 1.06x as long as broad. Face deeply punctuated. Eyes (9.0 x 6.0) without setae. Malar space (3) 3.0x as long as eye length. Malar sulcus slightly curved. POL (4.0) 1.6 OOL (2.5). Lower part toruli placed at level of lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 18) with scape (5.8), pedicel (2.2), one discoid anellus with setae, F1 (3.4), F2 (3.9), F3 (3.6), and clava 3-segmented (7.0). F11.54x as long as pedicel, scape 2.6x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (5.0 x 12.0), mesoscutum (12 x 14); scutellum (8.0 x 7.0), propodeum (7 x 13). Pronotum and mesoscutum with numerous setae. Scutellum finely reticulate with 2 pairs setae. Propodeum V-shaped, smooth and slightly shiny, spiracles with strong paraspiracular carina. Callus with two setae in one row. Fore wing (Fig. 22) (62 x 15.5), 4.0x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 12:31.3: 1.4: 4.5. MV2.6x as long as SMV. SV3.2x aslongasPMV.


Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species epithet means "darkish" (subobscurus) and refers to dark colour of body.

Holotype: Cfl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, 26.ix.1994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP).

Comments: The antenna of new species is probably close to that of E. jlavescens Verma & Hayat but differs by length of clava: clava about 3.5x as long as broad (5.8x in E. flavescens). Body of E. subobscurus black (yellow with black spots injlavescens); legs yellow with brown mid and hind coxae and femora (legs yellowish with dark spot ofhind coxa and brownish dorsal margin ofhind femur in E. flavescens).

17. Elasmus sugonyaevi, sp. nov. (Figs 19, 23)

Diagnosis: POL 1.66 OOL. Head 1.05x broader than height. Antenna with F11.16x as long as pedicel, F2 equal to F3; SV3.0x as long asPMV; gaster3.26xas long as broad.

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Description: Female: Body length 2. 7 5 mm, fore wing 1. 98 mm.

Colour. Body mainly green with metallic tint, face green, mandibles yellow; eyes and ocelli dark brown; antenna with yellow scape and brown funicle and clava; tegulae brownish-yellow; metanotum yellow, lamella hyaline; propodeum green, gaster with T 1 green metallic, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7 brown dorsally and pale yellow ventrally. Legs yellow.

Head height 17.0, head breadth 18.0, 1.05x as long as broad. Face deeply and rarely punctuated. Eyes (11.0 x 7.0) without setae. Malar space 5, malar sulcus curved. POL (5.0) 1.66 OOL (3.0). Toruli placed at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 19) with scape (7.0), pedicel (3.0), one discoid anellus with setae, F1 (3.5), F2 ( 4.0), F3 (4.0), and clava 3-segmented (7.5). F11.16x as long as pedicel, scape 2.33x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (6.0 x 14.0), mesoscutum (17.0 x 19.0); scutellum (9.0 x 9.0), propodeum (7.0 x 21.0). Mesoscutum with numerous setae. Scutellum, dorsellum, propodeum finely superficial reticulate. Scutellum with long setae; propodeum Vshaped, spiracle round with strong paraspiracular carina. Callus with 4 setae. Fore wing (Fig. 23) (79.5 x 19.6), 4.05x as long as broad. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 11.7:45.3: 1.68: 4.48. MV3.8 timesaslongas SMV. SV2.6x as longasPMV.

Metasoma. Petiole, short and transverse. Gaster (62.0 x 19.0), 3.26x as long as broad. Ovipositor sheaths slightly extended.

Male: Unknown.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species name sugonyaevi refers to the name Dr Sugonyaev who collected this species from Vietnam.

Holotype: <fl, VIETNAM: Hanoi, rice field, 3.ix.1994 (E.S. Sugonyaev) (ZISP). Paratypes: 2 <fl, with the same data(ZISP).

Comments: The new species is probably close to E. nephantidis Rohwer by colour of body and legs but differs by F 1 1.14x than F2 (F 1 equal F2 in E. nephantidis ); clava 2.63x aslongasbroad(2.9x inE. nephantidis).

18. Elasmus vietnami, sp. nov. (Figs. 24-25, 27-28)

Diagnosis: Female. POL 1.25 OOL. Antenna with one discoid anellus with setae, F1 0. 7 times shorter than F2; F1 1.13x as long as pedicel (Fig. 24); SV 2.29x as long as PMV (Fig. 27). Gaster 2.47x as long as broad. Meso scutum yellow with dark brown stripe on the posterior margin. Male. Basal part of forewing with bare strip extending along 3/4 MV (Fig. 28).

Description: Female: (Figs 24, 27). Body length2.30 mm, fore wing 1.9 mm.

Colour. Head mostly yellow (except vertex and frons with brown spots with greenish tint), lower part of face, clypeus, malar space and mandibles yellow, eyes and ocelli dark brown; thorax, pronotum yellow with dark brown median spot; meso scutum yellow with two dark brown lateral spots and dark brown stripe on the posterior margin; scutellum dark brown, dorsellum yellow, lamella triangular hyaline; propodeum dark brown.

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Tegulae yellow. Gaster mostly yellow with Tl dark brown, T2, T3 mostly yellow with medial longitudinal dark brown stripe, T 4-T7 dark brown. Scape yellow, and pedicel yellow dorsally brownish, funicle dark brown. Venation yellow. Fore wing hyaline. Legs yellow, hind tibia with dark brown diamond shaped pattern.

Head height 1 7, head breadth 19, 1.12x as long as broad. Face deep punctuated. Eyes (13 x 9) without setae. Malar sulcus (4) curved. POL 1.25 OOL. Toruli placed above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Scrobes deep depressed and connecting (2.0) distance from toruli. Antenna (Fig. 24) with scape (6.2), pedicel (2.8), one discoid anellus with setae, F1 (3.9), F2 (4.5), F3 (4.2), and clava 3-segmented (9.5). F1 0.7x shorter than F2, and 0.68x shorter than scape, F11.13x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (8.0 x 12), mesoscutum (16 x 21 ), with numerous setae; scutellum (6.0 x 1 0.0), reticulate with two pairs setae; the first pair of setae situated near anterior margin of scutellum, the second near posterior margin; the latter the longest. Dorsellum smooth. Propodeum V-shaped, smooth, without median carina. Spiracle small and round near anterior margin of propodeum with paraspiracular carina. Callus with three setae. Fore wing (Fig. 27) (76 x 20), 3.81x as long as broad. Speculum absent. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 16.2: 39.2: 1.7: 3.9. SV 2.29x as long as PMV. Hind wing apically obtuse.


Variation: Size offemale varies from 1.90 to 2.90 mm; colour ofhead varies from yellow to yellow with small brown spot on vertex and frons or with brown spot on vertex and frons; colour of scutellum varies from brown to pale brown.

Male: (Figs 25, 28). Length 1.57 mm, fore wing 1.5 mm. Male almost identical to female in colour but completely yellow (except vertex with small brown). Gaster dark brown with T2-T3 yellow. Scape yellow, pedicel and funicle dark brown. Head height 14, head breadth 15, 1.07x as long as broad. Malar space (5). POL (5) 1.78 OOL (2.8). Relative measurements of antenna (Fig. 25): scape (4.2), pedicel (2.2), funicle with three long branches (19.6, 22.4, 20.2) and clava 3-segmented (8.4). Fore wing (Fig. 28) (60 x 15), 4.0times as long as broad. Speculum absent. SMV: MV: SV: PMV= 10:32: 1.7: 3.0. MV 3 .2x as long as SMV SV 1. 7 6x as long as PMV. Gaster (24 x 7), 3 .4x as long as broad.

Host: Unknown.


Etymology: The species epithet refers to the country where the material was collected.

Holotype:~, VIETNAM: TamDaopr. VinhPhu, forest, 12.ix.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP). Para types: 1 ~,with the same data (ZISP); 1 ~,VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Da Bac, Tuly, forest, 18.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 4 F, VIETNAM: pr. Ha Son Binh, Ky Son, Cao Phong, forest, 26.x.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 ~' VIETNAM: Tam Dao pr. Vinh Phu, forest, 10.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1, ~VIETNAM: Tam Dao pr. Vinh Phu, forest, 15.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 ~,VIETNAM: Tam Dao pr. Vinh Phu, forest, 16.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP); 1 ~' 1 0', VIETNAM: pr. Hanoi, 70 km NW Hanoi, Ba Vi, forest, 24.xi.1990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

Comments: E. vietnami sp. nov. is probably close to E. hanoicus sp. nov. (see comments

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under E. hanoicus sp. nov. and couplet 6) and could be near well-known species as E. longiventris Verma & Hayat and Elasmus longicornis Verma & Hayat but differs in the following characters of female: POL 1.25-1.5 OOL(1.6-3.0 inE.longiventris and in E. longicornis), F1 1.15x as long as F2 (l.llx in E. longiventris; F1=F2=F3 in E. longicornis); F1 1.39x as long as pedicel (1.8x in E. longiventris; 1.7x in E. longicornis); Fl 0.63 from length ofscape (Fl equal scape in E. longiventris, 0.8length ofscape in E. longicornis); clava 2.26x as long as F3 (2.0x in E. longiventris; 1.76x- in E. longicornis); colour ofpropodeum dark brown (metallic green in E. longiventris; blackish with metallic shine inE.longicornis).

19. Elasmus viridifemoralis, sp. nov. (Figs 26, 29)

Diagnosis: Female. Basal part offorewing with cubital and isolated subcubitallines and with bare strip extending along 3/4 MV. POL 1.3 OOL. Fl 1.16 times as long as F2 and 1.75x as long as pedicel; SV2.0x as long asPMV; gaster2.33x as long as broad. Middle leg with tibial spur 0.37length basitarsus, hind leg 0.24length basitarsus.


Colour. Head shiny green, mandibles yellow, eyes grey and ocelli yellow; pronotum, mesoscutum bright green, scutellum brownish green, dorsellum with two equal each other strips (brown and yellow), propodeum bright green. Tegulae brownish-green. Gaster with T1 bright green, T2-T7 brown. Scape yellow with dorsally longitudinal brownish strip, and pedicel and funicle brownish. Venation yellow. Fore wing hyaline. Legs: fore coxa brown-greenish with yellow distal part, femur, tibia and tarsus yellow, mid and hind coxae brown with green tint, femora green, tibia and tarsi brownish, hind tibia with dark brown diamond shaped pattern.

Head height 14, head breadth 15, 1.07x as long as broad. Head deeply punctuated with regular rows. Eyes (9 x 6) without setae. Malar space 3, POL (4.0) 1.3 OOL (3.0). Toruli placed slightly above at level of the lower margin of eyes. Antenna (Fig. 26) with scape (3.5), pedicel (2.0), one laminar anellus, one discoid anellus with setae, F1 (3.5), F2 (3.0),F3 (3.0),andclava3-segmented(6.0).Fl1.16x aslongasF2,Fl1.75x as long as pedicel.

Mesosoma. Pronotum (6x13), mesoscutum (13x15), with numerous long setae; scutellum (7.0x8.0), finely reticulate with 2 long thick pairs setae: first seta (7) 1.85 times as long as second (13), the second thicker than the first seta. Dorsellum finely reticulate. Propodeum (7 x 16.0) V-shaped, finely reticulate, without median carina. Spiracle round with paraspiracular carina. Callus with three setae, one in first row and two in second. Fore wing (Fig. 29) (56 x 16), 3.5x as long as broad. Relative measurements: SMV: MV: SV: PMV = 13:25.5: 1.4: 2.8. SV2.0x as long as PMV. Basal part of fore wing with cubital and isolated subcubitallines and with bare strip extending along 3/4 MV. Fore leg with short tibial spur, middle leg with tibial spur 0.37 length basitarsus, hind leg with tibial spur 0.24length basi tarsus (middle tibial spur 1.3 7 as long as hind tibial spur).

Metasoma. Petiole cylindrical and smooth. Gaster (35 x 15), 2.33x as long as broad.

Male: Unknown.

llost: Unknown.


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Etymology: The species epithet refers to the colour of middle and hind femora of viridifemoralis.

Holotype: Female, VIETNAM: Hanoi, park, 14.x.l990 (S.A. Belokobylskij) (ZISP).

Comments: The new species resembles E. belokobylskij sp. nov. and E. singularis sp. nov., by the fore wing with bare strip and differs from both by the following characters: POL1.300L(1.82inE. singularissp.nov.and1.8 inE.singularis),F11.16x aslong as F2 and 1. 75x as long as pedicel (1.14x and 1.42x in E. singularis sp. nov. and 1.28x and 1.16x inE. belokobylskij).

Acknowledgments

Dr S.A. Belokobylskij (Zoological Institution of Russian Academy of Science, St.Petersburg, Russia) is thanked for the loan and Dr J. Noyes (The Natural History Museum, London, UK) for access to the collections in 2007.

References

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BURKS, B.D. 1965. The North American species of Elasmus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae ). Proceedings ofthe Biological Society Washington 78: 201-208.

BURKS, B.D. 1971. The North American Elasmus parasitic on Polistes (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae ). Journal ofthe Washington Academy of Science 61: 194-196.

EFREMOVA, Z.A. 1994. A new species of Eulophidae of the genus Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera) from Vietnam. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta. Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Leningrad257: 145-147.

FERRIERE, C. 1929. The Asiatic and African species of the genus Elasmus Westw. (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 20:411-423.

FERRIERE, C. 193la. Notes on African Chalcidoidea. Bulletin of Entomological Research 22(1): 127-135.

FERRIERE, C. 1931b. New chalcid egg-parasites from South Asia. Bulletin of Entomological Research22(2): 290.

FERRIERE, C. 1947. Les especes europeennes du genre Elasmus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Mitteilungen der Schweizeschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 20: 565-580.

FISHER, N. & LA SALLE, J. 2005. A new species of Neochrysocharis Kurdjumov (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae ), a parasitoid of serpentine leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Southeast Asia. Zoo taxa 1044: 28-31.

GRAHAM, M. W. R. DE V. 1976. Notes on the type-material of some European Elasmus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) and description of a new species from Madeira. Bulletin du Mus1-1umNational d'Histoire Naturelle Paris (Zoologica) 255: 293-301.

GRAHAM, M.W.R. DE V. 1995. European Elasmus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Elasmidae) with a key and descriptions of five new species. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 131: 1-23.

GUMOVSKY, A. 2004. A new species of the genus Rhynchentedon Girault (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from Vietnam. In: Rajmohana, K.; Sudheer, K.; Girish Kumar, P.; Santhosh, S. (Eds.) Perspectives on biosystematics and biodiversity. Prof. T.C. Narendran commemoration volume. Systematic Entomology Research Scholars Association (SERSA). pp. 328-330.

HAYAT, M., AFTAB, H. & PERVEEN, S. 2005. Taxonomic notes on some Indian Eulophidae

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(Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) - 2. On the types of some Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Euderinae. Oriental Insects 39: 1-14.

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KHAN, M.A., AGNIHOTRI, M. & SUSHIL, S.N. 2005. Taxonomic studies of eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) oflndia. Pantnagar Journal ofResearch2(1): 230.

MCFARLAND, C.D. & HOY, M.A. 2001. Survival ofDiaphorina citri (Homoptera: Psyllidae), and its two parasitoids, Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) andDiaphorencyrtus aligarhensis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae ), under different relative humidity and temperature regimes. Florida Entomologist 84 (2): 227-233.

MANI, S.M. & SARASWAT, G.G. 1972. On some Elasmus Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea from India. Oriental Insects 6 ( 4): 459-506.

NARENDRAN, T.C., SHEEBA, M. & KULKARNI HEMA. 2008. A review on the taxonomy of the Indian species of Elasmus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae: Eulophidae: Elasmini). Biospectra 3 (1 ): 1-26.

NOYES, J.S. 2008. Universal Chalcidoidea Database, World Wide Web electronic publication. The Natural History Museum, London. http:// www.nhm.ac.uk/ entomology/ chalcidoids/ index.htrnl (Date of access: 3-May 2008).

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ROHWER, S.A.1921. Descriptions of new Chalcidoid Flies from Coimbatore South India. Annals Natural History Ser. 9 (vii): 123-135.

RUSCHKA, F. 1920. Elasmus schmitti n. sp. neuer Chalcidier aus Polistes gallicus L. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie, Berlin 15: 231.

THOMPSON, W. R. 1954. A catalogue of the parasites and predators of insect pests. Section 2. Host parasite catalogue. Part 3. Host of Hymenoptera (Calliceratid to Evaniid). Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Institute ofBiological Control, Ottawa. pp. 191-332.

TRJAPITZIN, VA. 1978. Hymenoptera II. Chalcidoidea 14. Elasmidae. (In Russian). Opredelitel' Nasekomykh Evropeyskoy Chasti SSSR, pp. 467-469.

VERMA, M., & HAY AT, M. 1986. Family Elasmidae. Pp.173-178. In: Subba Rao, B.R.; Hayat, M. (Eds)- The Chalcidoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera) oflndia and the adjacent countries. Part II. Orientallnsects 20: 1-430.

VERMA, M., HAYAT, M. & KAZMI, S. 2002. The species of Elasmus from India (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae ). Oriental Insects 36: 245- 306.

WIJESEKARA, G.A.W., & SCHAUFF, M.E. 1994. Revision of the tribe Euplectrini of Sri Lanka(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Orientallnsects 28: 1-48.

YEFREMOVA, Z.A. 2003. OnEuplectrus thanhiYefremova, 1994 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). ZoosystematicaRossica 11 (2): 330.

YEFREMOVA, Z.A. 2007. The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Euderinae and Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Yemen. FaunaofArabia23: 335-368.

ZHU, C.D. & HUANG, D.W. 2002. A taxonomic study on Eulophidae from Guangxi, China (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea).ActaZootaxonomicaSinica27(3): 583-607.

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4

5

---...---- ----=- - -------------------- -----~------- -----·

7

Figs. 1-7. 1,5 Elasmus belokobylskij, sp. nov., female, Paratype: 1, right antenna; 5, right fore

wing; 2-3, 6-7. Elasmus giraulti, sp. nov., female, Paratype: 2, left antenna; 6, right fore wing;

male: Paratype: 3, right antenna; 7, right fore wing; 4. Elasmus anamalaianus, female, 4, left fore

wing.

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293 Yefremova & Strak:hova: Elasmus, Eulophidae Vol. 43

9

Figs. 8-15. 8, 13. Elasmus hanoicus, sp. nov., female: Paratype: 8, right antenna; 13, left fore wing. 9. Elasmus indicus, female, 9, left antenna; 10, 14. Elasmus longifustis, sp. nov., female: Paratype: 10, left antenna; 14, right fore wing; 11 Elasmus nephantidis, female: 11, left antenna; 12, 15. Elasmus singularis, sp. nov., female, Paratype: 12, right antenna; 15, left forewing.

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----- ---

-· -- _ _. ---·---. --· ---- ---·

- -- -·-·--

22

23

Figs. 16-23. 16-17,20-21. Elasmus spodopteri, sp. nov., Female: Paratypes: 16, right antenna; 20, left fore wing; male: Paratypes: 17, right antenna; 21, right fore wing; 18, 22. Elasmus subobscurus, sp. nov., female: Paratypes: 18, right antenna; 22, right fore wing; 19, 23. Elasmus sugonyaevi, sp.nov., female: Paratypes: 19, left antenna, 23, left fore wing.

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26

-- - -~--------::·-.::~----~-

27

/L:.,:_,<+../.,L,~~':dde:£:::!0~:.,· ~,- ... /;: r ,...- .- --

C'?'F~£:6!':/'=:___."-/-;/-; ;/::![~~=-~~~;-~ ;-: ·; ~~~~--....- ,.,..,..- r·. r· . ..-- ,....- ,......-...-. ,-· r,..--.,., ,....-·...-·/-·--.:---- ..--- _ -· _ 28 --- ------------------...--.--;_..__.- --·--- -·-·:..---·::.-----·/.//_;, ~ --- ..-- --

------ -· _·----· --------- - ------ -

-- --: -----=- ;:::,_.- .::------------29

Figs. 24-29. 24-25, 27-28. Elasmus vietnami, sp. nov., Female: Paratypes: 24, right antenna; 27, right fore wing; male: Paratypes: 25, right antenna; 28, right fore wing; 26, 29. Elasmus viridifemoralis, sp. nov., female: Paratype: 26, right antenna; 29, right fore wing.

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Documents

New species of Elasmus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Vietnam