New Signs and Meanings for Landscape

7/30/2019 New Signs and Meanings for Landscape

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EKO NURSANTY

Department of ArchitectureUniversity of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Semarang, Indonesia.

The 11th International Symposium on Advanced Technology (ISAT-Special)

Toward 2050 and Beyond Innovative Technology for Sustainable Societies.

Tuesday, October 30, 2012. Hachioji Campus, Tokyo, Japan


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In thinking abouttourism it is difficult toignore landscape.

Touring takes place in aplace Place has a particular

meaning, indicating asite which is meaning-

ful, either in itself orbecause of thememories, feelings andemotions we bring to it.

Tourismactivity

Takeplace to

place

Senseof place


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The importance of placeas opposed to space, therole that the geographicimagination plays, theway in which the spirit ofa site, its genius loci,converts a place into adestination are all criticalquestions for tourism

studies, and all questionswhich draw directly upontheories of landscape.(J.B. Jackson,1980)

Geographicimagination

Spirit ofspace

Space

Destination

Place


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The land as landscape,that shaped by both

natural and human

factors.

Landscape

Natural

HumanFactors

Lands


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Cultural geography is thecultures manifestationsupon the land, is the trueobject of human

geography, which aims atexplaining arealdifferentiation.

The positioning of cultureas it shaped and wasshaped by the physicalworld as synonymous withhuman geography inspiredan attention to landscape.(Hettner, 1963)

CulturalGeography

Cultureupon the

Land

Cultureupon

the Land

Cultureupon the

land

Cultureupon the

Land


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The meaning(s) of any object in the world ismultivalent, richly contextual and our

understanding and unraveling of thesemeanings is best explained by sign theory


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This act of meaning making, the linkagebetween mind and world, and belief and

action is the subject of this research whichtreats this process in the context of thetourist experience of culture within the urbanlandscape


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Contributions towardsthe understanding of

tourism, offers a

theoretical framework

for understanding theway in which meaning

is educed from thebuilt environment.Landscapes

Socialnorm

Cultural

norm

societis


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It brings to bear coregeographic

understanding of

landscape and place

meaning to theinterdisciplinary field

of tourism studies in aninvestigation oftourism practices in

urban areas.

Place

Landscape


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It offers insight into theways in which the banaland the monumental,

the quotidian and thetouristic play out in thecontext of urban tourismby proposing theconcept of the tourist

prosaic, a hybridunderstanding of thespaces in the city whichmatter to tourists.


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Cities are not simply open airmuseums, repositories of art andheritage, but are the sites of homeand work for the large populationsthat reside there or in thesurrounding suburbs.

Cities accommodate industry,offices, stores, residences,hospitals, places of worship, and allthe infrastructural trappings fromwaste disposal to satellite towersthat make life possible in thecontemporary city. They can be

cacophonous, claustrophobic,liberating and overwhelming. Thefunctional aspect of cities makestouring a complex endeavor thatentails the tourist to be able tomake sense of the landscape.


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Borobudur temple is built torepresent many layers of Buddhisttheory.

From a birds eye view, the temple isin the shape of a traditionalBuddhist mandala. A mandala iscentral to a great deal of Buddhistand Hindu art, the basic form ofmost Hindu and Buddhist mandalasis a square with four entry points,and a circular centre point.

Working from the exterior to theinterior, three zones ofconsciousness are represented, withthe central sphere representingunconsciousness or Nirvana.


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The phenomenal world,the world inhabited bycommon people.

This base level of

Borobudur has beencovered by a supportingfoundation, so is hiddenfrom view.

A corner of the coveringbase has beenpermanently removed toallow visitors to see thehidden foot, and some ofthe reliefs. See image tothe right.


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The transitional sphere, inwhich humans are releasedfrom worldly matters.

The four square levels ofRapadhatu containgalleries of carved stonereliefs, as well as a chain ofniches containing statuesof Buddha. In total thereare 328 Buddhas on thesebalustraded levels whichalso have a great deal ofpurely ornate reliefs .


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The highest sphere, theabode of the gods.

The three circularterraces leading to acentral dome or stuparepresent the risingabove the world, and

these terraces are agreat deal less ornate,the purity of form isparamount.


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the focus upon theinteraction of humans

and environment

served as a counter tothe environmentallydeterministic views


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the positioning ofculture as it shaped

and was shaped by the

physical world assynonymous withhuman geography

inspired an attention

to landscape


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It is the analytical notion of cultural landscapeas uncovered through detailed field work as

well as archival studies, drawing upon amyriad of sources to understand the look ofthe land, and the necessity of being versed inthe nature and culture of a place which allowsfor an understanding to be formed by theresearcher who is usually in the role ofoutsider.


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landscape method demonstrates three things:1. Looking is important, and not just looking and seeing, but looking

and interpreting the large scene and the small details up close,immersing oneself into the picture, providing a multi-sensualexperience, a kinesthetic engagement with the landscape.

2. Important information is to be gleaned about a culture frominvestigating the vernacular elements of the landscape, both thesublime and the unsightly front lawns and strip malls in America forexample and in many cases it is the vernacular elements that will tellyou more than the large scale symbolic sites;

3. Landscape is a much broader term than the way it is presented in

the Sauerian sense, rather it can include an examination of thegarage or the front lawn as well as an entire community and whilethe physical aspects are important it is the human elements whichare rich in interpretive possibilities.


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Landscape scholars have long beeninterested in the association between culture

and the built environment, but this is notnecessarily the case for the average person. The ways in which people make sense of the

landscapes they find themselves in, throughobservation, through conversation andthrough photography.


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the interviews and images give voice to thecomplex interaction between expectation

and experience and the interpretive processwhich is undertaken when the tourist is facedwith the materiality of the city.

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New Signs and Meanings for Landscape