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Federal AviationAdministration
New Performance Tests
Changes to Draft AC 150/5370-10H
Standard Specifications for
Construction of Airports
IX ALACPA Seminar on Airport Pavements
Quito, Ecuador
David R. Brill, P.E., Ph.D.
30 May 2018
Federal AviationAdministration
Draft AC 150/5370-10HStandard Specifications for Construction of Airports
• Current standard version is AC 150/5370-10G.
• Draft AC 150/5370-10H was released for industry
review November 2017.
• Many significant changes, reorganization:
– Items moved out of General Provisions:
• C-100 Contractor Quality Control Program
• C-105 Mobilization
• C-110 Method of Estimating Percent Within Limits (PWL)
– New Items: P-156, Cement Treated Subgrade; P-207, In-place
Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) Recycled Asphalt Aggregate Base
Course; P-307 Cement treated Permeable Base Course (CTPB).
30 May 2018 AC 150/5370-10H & New
Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Major Changes to Item P-401Asphalt Mix Pavement
• Material properties organized in table format.
• Clarified and simplified lot size definitions.
• New requirements for smoothness:
– Smoothness measuring equipment requirements.
– Moved straightedge testing requirements to section on Contractor
Quality Control – testing performed on a sublot basis.
– Profilograph smoothness for QA acceptance – final profilograph on full
length of project.
• Same numerical mix design requirements for Marshall or
Gyratory design (75 blows or gyrations).
– Added use of Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) as standard
performance test for asphalt mixes.
– Removed requirement for Marshall stability and flow.
30 May 2018 AC 150/5370-10H & New
Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Smoothness Requirements
• Contractor QC
– Test each sublot.
– ¼ inch (6 mm) maximum
deviation using 12-foot (3.7 m)
straightedge or rolling
inclinometer.
– For rolling inclinometer, use
FAA program ProFAA to
simulate 12-foot straightedge.
• Acceptance Testing
– Testing on the basis of a
profilograph or inertial profiler.
– Full length of project.
– Average profile index (PI)
< 15 in./mile per 1/10 mile.
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Performance Tests
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Profilograph (ASTM E1274)
Rolling Inclinometer
(ASTM E2133)
Inertial Profiler
(ASTM E950)
Federal AviationAdministration
APA Performance Test
• Test for rutting susceptibility of asphalt mixture.
• Accelerated wheel trafficking test.
• Wheel loads applied through a pressurized hose.
• Modification of test procedure used by some
highway agencies in the U.S.
– Supplements Superpave® mix design standards.
– Original Superpave® protocol did not include a performance
standard for mixes comparable to Marshall stability/flow.
– Test procedure described in AASHTO Standard T 340-10.
– Modified for higher tire pressure (250 psi versus 100 psi).
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Asphalt Design Criteria
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Background of Performance Test
• APA test criterion in AC 150/5370-10H was derived from
R&D at the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center.
• Part of the successful FAA effort to develop gyratory
mix design standards for airport pavements equivalent
to the existing Marshall standards.
• Sought a test method to discriminate between well-
performing and non-well performing mixtures that
otherwise met design requirements for gyratory
compaction and volumetrics.
• Considered test methods: APA (modified); Asphalt
Mixture Performance Tester (flow number test); High-
Temperature Indirect Tensile Test (IDT); Hamburg Wheel
Tracking test, uniaxial fatigue testing.
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
FAA Customized APA
• Ref. AASHTO T340.
• FAA’s APA was
specifically designed
to simulate high tire
pressures associated
with aircraft.
• Customized for high
tire pressure ≥ 250 psi
(1.72 MPa).
• Variable loading
speeds.
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
APA in Action
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Performance Tests
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Run Clip
Federal AviationAdministration
APA Testing Program
• Tests performed at NAPTF testing lab on samples
prepared by US Army Corps of Engineers ERDC.
– 250-psi (1.72 MPa) pressure.
– Test temperature – high temperature for the binder grade.
– Samples prepared at 70 gyrations.
– Target 3.5% air voids.
– 3 aggregate types, 2 different aggregate sizes, 2 different
gradations (course/fine), 3 sand contents.
– Included mixes with natural sand exceeding FAA limits.
• TRB paper: Rushing, Little, & Garg (2012),
Transportation Research Record No. 2296.
• POC: Dr. Navneet Garg
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
APA Results for All Mixtures
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
APA Results for Mixtures Containing No
Natural Sand
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
APA Results for Mixtures Containing 10%
Natural Sand
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
APA Results for Mixtures Containing 30%
Natural Sand
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Results of APA Tests
• Preliminary criterion for accepting HMA for
high tire pressure aircraft during mix
design:
– APA < 10 mm rut depth after 4000 load cycles.
– Using 250 psi (1.72 MPa) hose pressure at 64°C
(high temperature for the binder grade used in mix
PG 64-22).
• This criterion was found to separate known
well-performing mixes from poorly
performing mixes in subsequent tests.
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Performance Tests
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Test Validation
• Draft AC 150/5370-10H will require APA results as
part of the design submittal (JMF) for P-401.
• Over time, these data will enable the FAA to evaluate
the APA criterion as an indicator of asphalt
performance.
• FAA is also collecting field samples (asphalt cores)
for the extended life R&D project.
– Runways from large- and medium-hub airports.
– Testing includes APA per -10H standard.
– Current research will group tested samples according to the
standard and identify correlation to long-term performance.
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Performance Tests
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Federal AviationAdministration
Sample Data – Extended Life
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
De
pth
(MM
)
Cycles (60 Cycles Per Minute)
Rut Depth
Left Center Right
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Performance Tests
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4000 cycles
10 mm rut
APA RUT CRITERION
Airport “A” Field Core
7.772 mm at 4000 cyc.
(within criterion)
Federal AviationAdministration
Thank You! ¡Gracias!
19
http://www.airporttech.tc.faa.gov/
30 May 2018 AC 150/5370-10H & New
Performance Tests
Acknowledgments:
FAA Airport Technology R&D Branch:
Dr. Michel Hovan, Branch Manager;
Jeff Gagnon, Airport Pavement Section Manager;
Dr. Navneet Garg; Dr. Richard Ji; Al Larkin; Murphy Flynn; Ryan Rutter; Quinn Jia, Wilfredo Villafane
FAA Airport Engineering Division:
Doug Johnson; Greg Cline
General Dynamics Information Technology:
Michael Collins; Dr. Izydor Kawa; Dr. Qiang Wang; Dr. Yuanguo Chen; Dr. Kairat Tuleubekov; Shawn
Hershman; Jeff Stein
Gemini:
Dr. Hao Yin
