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Recap: Cluetrain
Markets are networks composed of people … and people like to talk (communicate)
Companies can impose barriers to this communication (or not)
Reducing barriers means a community of like-minded people has better chance of forming
EC: GNU Project (1/2)
Start of open source philosophy (1985) “The word `free’ in `free software’ pertains to
freedom, not price” … think free speech, not free beer!
Four principles … Freedom to: Use the program as you wish Adapt the program Distribute copies to help your neighbor Improve the program and share it with the public
to benefit the entire community
EC: GNU Project (2/2)
Technologists developing social networks to develop new software … by using communication (technology) networks
Subsequently … Linux, Apache, TCP/IP, SMTP … Important: this internet infrastructure
was not mandated by a “government”
Online News : Overview
Repurposing electrons from print to new media is a business decision
Few papers have adopted blogs Social system disconnect? Not enough time?
Syndication is an integral part of social system
RSS
Rich Site Summary, Really Simple Syndication, RDF Site Summary
XML document that facilitates content syndication This “feed” contains structured data Transformed to information by RSS
reader Ease of syndication, low cost
RSS Development Timeline
March 1999 Netscape RSS 0.90
July 1999 Netscape RSS 0.91
June 2000 Userland RSS 0.91
Late 2002 RSS-Dev Working Group
RSS 1.0
January 2003 Userland RSS 2.0.1
Online News RSS Adoption
Apr 2002 New York Times (limited to Userland)
RSS 0.91
Oct 2002 Christian Science Monitor
25, RSS 1.0
Mar 2004 Washington Post 125, RSS 2.0
Apr 2006 Washington Post 150, RSS 2.0
Seattle Times 47, RSS 2.0
Apr 2007 Seattle Times 54, RSS 2.0
New York Times 101, RSS 2.0
Editorial Decision
Not technological decision > in 3 of 15 markets, papers are co-managed Philadelphia Inquirer (16); Daily News (2) Detroit News (35); Free Press (1) Seattle Times (45); P-I (27)
Why Rapid Adoption?
Syndication in line with culture Business model is evolving
How to reverse loss in readers? How to generate online revenue?
Recognition of growth of blogosphere, driving readers “Pay to read” barriers (WSJ v CSM)
What is Journalism?
Journalism is “our day book, our collective diary, which records our common life. That which goes unrecorded goes unpreserved … The creation and preservation of collective memory…” is the practice of journalism.
- James W. Carey
Participatory Journalism
Characterized by expanded two-way communication between media and readers.
With blogging, reader becomes author and author (journalist) becomes reader, ending the one-to-many model of communication.
Measuring Influence
How to measure intellectual influence? Shaping the news hole Tools to help assess credibility
Shaping the News Hole Trent Lott story (2002)
Covered by only one reporter following event Kept alive by bloggers - liberal and conservative
Microsoft “switch” campaign (2002) LA Times (2004)
Supreme Justices Scalia v Ginsburg Dan Rather (2004) Colbert’s monologue Press Club Dinner
(2006) Josh Marshall – AttorneyGate (2007)
More Questions to Ponder
Which link is the more representative of influence: blogroll or post?
Are several daily short posts more reflective of influence than less frequent longer (more depth) posts?
How do we deconstruct the blogosphere to provide useful information within genres?
Podcasts
Audio file + RSS = Podcast Not just iPod, it’s just that iPod created a
broad audience Incredibly fast adoption
Entered Oxford English Dictionary in 2005 Started in 2004 by Adam Curry (see
Wikipedia on trademark challenge)
Videocasts & YouTube
Robert Murdoch buys MySpace Music distribution
Google buys YouTube Army launched YouTube Channel,
“cracks down on” soldier blogs (E&P, 2 May 2007)
Summary Blogging (and social networks) technology
is having a profound impact on Web content
Neither news nor politics will be the same Next week: spotlight on politics
Resources Gill, KE (2004). How can we measure the
influence of the blogosphere. WWW2004, New York, NY USA. http://faculty.washington.edu/kegill/pub/www2004_blogosphere_gill.pdf
Gill, KE (2005). Blogging, RSS and the information landscape, a look at online news. WWW2006, Chiba Japan. http://faculty.washington.edu/kegill/pub/gill_www2005_rss.pdf