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thethe BIGBIG ideaidea
CHAPTER OUTLINE
Earth’s atmosphere is a blanket of gases that supports and protects life.
Earth’s Changing Atmosphere
Earth’s atmosphere supports life.
The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
Human activities affect the atmosphere.
CHAPTER
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15.415.4
CHAPTER RESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
density
altitude
cycle
Earth’s atmosphere supports life.
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
atmosphereThe atmosphere is a thin layer surrounding Earth. Gases in the atmosphere provide substances essential for living things. Natural cycles and sudden changes affect the atmosphere.
15.115.1
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
Gases of Earth's Atmosphere
click image to enlarge
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
conduction
convection
radiation
The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Transfer of Energy
Radiation, conduction, and convection move energy from place to place.
Energy from the Sun moves through Earth's atmosphere in three ways.
15.215.2
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
conduction
convection
radiation
The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
15.215.2
Energy from the Sun moves through Earth's atmosphere in three ways.
VISUALIZATION
See radiation, conduction, and convection in action.
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
conduction
convection
radiation
The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Density and temperature change with altitude. The layers, from top to bottom, are
• thermosphere
• mesosphere
• stratosphere
• troposphere
15.215.2
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
infrared radiation
ozone
greenhouse effect
ultraviolet radiation
greenhouse gas
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Ozone molecules in the stratosphere absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation.
15.315.3
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
infrared radiation
ozone
greenhouse effect
ultraviolet radiation
greenhouse gas
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
Greenhouse gases in the troposphere keep Earth warm by absorbing and emitting infrared radiation.
15.315.3
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
infrared radiation
ozone
greenhouse effect
ultraviolet radiation
greenhouse gas
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
15.315.3
Greenhouse gases in the troposphere keep Earth warm by absorbing and emitting infrared radiation.
VISUALIZATION
See how the greenhouse effect works.
CLASSZONE.COM
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Human activities have added pollutants and ozone-destroying chemicals to the atmosphere.
Human activities affect the atmosphere.
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
particulate
fossil fuel
smog
air pollution
Natural Sources• dust, pollen, soil, salt• volcanoes and forest fires: gases and particles
Human Activities• fossil fuels: gases and particles• unburned fuels: smog• manufacturing: gases and particles• tractors/construction equipment: dust and soil• farming: fertilizers and pesticides
15.415.4
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
The amounts of greenhouse gases have been increasing and global temperatures are rising.
Human activities affect the atmosphere.
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
particulate
smog
air pollution
fossil fuel
15.415.4
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
I. Earth’s atmosphere supports life.
A. The atmosphere makes life on Earth possible.
1. Characteristics of the Atmosphere
2. Materials in the Atmosphere
1. Ongoing Processes
2. Sudden Changes
Earth’s atmosphere supports life.
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
density
altitude
cycle
atmosphere
B. Natural processes modify the atmosphere.
15.115.1
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
II. The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
A. Energy from the Sun heats the atmosphere.
B. The atmosphere moves energy.
C. The atmosphere has temperature layers.
The Sun supplies the atmosphere’s energy.
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
conduction
convection
radiation
15.215.2
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
III. Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
A. Gases can absorb and give off radiation.
B. The ozone layer protects life from harmful radiation.
C. The greenhouse effect keeps Earth warm.
Gases in the atmosphere absorb radiation.
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
infrared radiation
ozone
greenhouse effect
ultraviolet radiation
greenhouse gas
15.315.3
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
IV. Human activities affect the atmosphere.
A. Human activity can cause air pollution.
1. Types of Pollution
2. Effects of Pollution
3. Controlling Pollution
B. Human activities are increasing greenhouse gases.
1. Sources of Greenhouse Gases
2. Global Warming
Human activities affect the atmosphere.
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
3. Reducing Greenhouse Gases
C. Human activities produce chemicals that destroy the ozone layer.
particulate
smog
air pollution
fossil fuel
15.415.4
CHAPTERRESOURCESCHAPTERRESOURCES
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